In Italy, in an area of about 50 km2 between Basilicata and Campania Southern regions, 28 outbreaks of anthrax occurred from August 28th to September 27th 2011. Different species were affected: laboratory tests confir...In Italy, in an area of about 50 km2 between Basilicata and Campania Southern regions, 28 outbreaks of anthrax occurred from August 28th to September 27th 2011. Different species were affected: laboratory tests confirmed anthrax in cattle, horses and sheep. The genetic analysis of strains isolated from infected animals indicated that outbreaks occurring in the two regions were not correlated. Intriguingly, the incidence was highly significant in horses compared to that of cattle and sheep or goats, which were prevalent species in the animal population. In addition, allinfected horses and many cattle developed a fatal, sub-acute form of anthrax, characterized by the presence of massive edema, usually absent in hyperacute forms. The characteristics of these outbreaks suggested a possible role of tabanids as vectors in the transmission of B. anthracis like-epidemic infection.展开更多
Objective:To demonstrate a noninvasive large mammalian genetic sampling method using blood meal obtained from a tabanid fly.Methods:Blood meal was recovered from the abdomen of an engorged tabanid fly(Haematopota sp.)...Objective:To demonstrate a noninvasive large mammalian genetic sampling method using blood meal obtained from a tabanid fly.Methods:Blood meal was recovered from the abdomen of an engorged tabanid fly(Haematopota sp.)which was captured immediately after biting a Sumatran rhino in captivity.The blood was applied on to a Whatman FTAblood card.Subsequent laboratory work was conducted to extract,amplify and sequence the DNA from the sample.Validation was done by sampling the hair follicles and blood samples from the rhinoceros and subjecting it to the same laboratory process.Results:BLAST search and constructed phylogenetic trees confirmed the blood meal samples were indeed from the rhino.Conclusions:This method could be used in the field application to noninvasively collect genetic samples.Collection of tabanids and other haematophagous arthropods(e.g.mosquitoes and ticks)and other blood-sucking parasites(e.g.leeches and worms)could also provide information on vector-borne diseases.展开更多
文摘In Italy, in an area of about 50 km2 between Basilicata and Campania Southern regions, 28 outbreaks of anthrax occurred from August 28th to September 27th 2011. Different species were affected: laboratory tests confirmed anthrax in cattle, horses and sheep. The genetic analysis of strains isolated from infected animals indicated that outbreaks occurring in the two regions were not correlated. Intriguingly, the incidence was highly significant in horses compared to that of cattle and sheep or goats, which were prevalent species in the animal population. In addition, allinfected horses and many cattle developed a fatal, sub-acute form of anthrax, characterized by the presence of massive edema, usually absent in hyperacute forms. The characteristics of these outbreaks suggested a possible role of tabanids as vectors in the transmission of B. anthracis like-epidemic infection.
基金supported by the Sime Darby Foundation(Grant code:P23 071000490001)
文摘Objective:To demonstrate a noninvasive large mammalian genetic sampling method using blood meal obtained from a tabanid fly.Methods:Blood meal was recovered from the abdomen of an engorged tabanid fly(Haematopota sp.)which was captured immediately after biting a Sumatran rhino in captivity.The blood was applied on to a Whatman FTAblood card.Subsequent laboratory work was conducted to extract,amplify and sequence the DNA from the sample.Validation was done by sampling the hair follicles and blood samples from the rhinoceros and subjecting it to the same laboratory process.Results:BLAST search and constructed phylogenetic trees confirmed the blood meal samples were indeed from the rhino.Conclusions:This method could be used in the field application to noninvasively collect genetic samples.Collection of tabanids and other haematophagous arthropods(e.g.mosquitoes and ticks)and other blood-sucking parasites(e.g.leeches and worms)could also provide information on vector-borne diseases.
