A Reuters report on October 17 de- scribed the concerns of a young Chinese woman working in the United States that she might miss out on the new development opportunities in China and her change of mind about whether ...A Reuters report on October 17 de- scribed the concerns of a young Chinese woman working in the United States that she might miss out on the new development opportunities in China and her change of mind about whether or not to return to China.展开更多
Trumpet shell, Charonia sauliae, is an endangered and valuable species, but its artificial propagation protocol has not been successfully established. To estimate the possibility of cryopreservation for larvae of C. s...Trumpet shell, Charonia sauliae, is an endangered and valuable species, but its artificial propagation protocol has not been successfully established. To estimate the possibility of cryopreservation for larvae of C. sauliae, which is a potential preparation for its artificial reproduction and further research, in this study a protocoi for the cryopreservation of veliger larvae of trumpet shell was optimized. Through a two-step cryopreservation procedure, four kinds of cryoprotectants （ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol） were employed at three concentrations （1.0, 1.5 and 2.0molL^-1） respectively and survival rates of larvae were determined after a storage of lh. The larvae frozen with these four cryoprotectants after 1 h storage were cultured, and then survival rates were determined at 24, 72 and 120 h after thawing. Dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 1.5 molL^-1 showed the best protective effect in all experiments （p〈0.05）. And survival rates of larvae frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide were determined after 1, 7 and 15 d of storage. The survival rates of larvae frozen with 1.5 molL^-1 dimethyl sulfoxide after 1 h, 1 d, 7 d and 15 d of storage were 80.77% ±7.51%, 80.34%±11.28%, 83.10%±9.14% and 77.23%±6.22% respectively. No significant differences in survival rates of larvae frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide were observed after various storage periods （p〉0.05）.展开更多
A 65-year-old man was admitted to our hospital following 6 months of dysphagia. At first, conventional endoscopy showed a reddish and depressed lesion in the stomach and an elevated lesion in the posterior wall of the...A 65-year-old man was admitted to our hospital following 6 months of dysphagia. At first, conventional endoscopy showed a reddish and depressed lesion in the stomach and an elevated lesion in the posterior wall of the hypopharynx. An endoscopic biopsy showed adenocarcinoma in the stomach, and squamous cell carcinoma in the hypopharynx. On the further examination, trans-nasal endoscopy with narrow band imaging (NBI) was performed. During the trumpet maneuver, a huge protruded lesion was observed and it reached to the orifice of the esophagus. Other superficial lesion located at left pyriform sinus was detected by NBI system as brownish area with brown dots. Furthermore, superficial esophageal cancer in the cervical esophagus was detected. Finally, 4 carcinomas in upper gastrointestinal tract were detected. Among them, the hypopharyngeal cancer was the most advanced (T3N0). The patient hoped to preserve his voice and swallowing function, endoscopic laryngo-pharyngeal surgery (ELPS) was performed for the hypopharyngeal cancer. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) was performed for the esophageal cancer, and Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed for the gastric cancer. Under collaboration between a head and neck surgeon and an endoscopist, the tumor was resected en-bloc. The histopathological findings of hypopharyngeal cancer were squamous cell carcinoma, subeipthelial invasion, 29 × 28 × 4.2 mm. The others were diagnosed as mucosal cancers. The patient is currently alive with no recurrence at 28 months after the surgery;there is no stricture at the cervical esophagus. Endoscopic laryngopharyngeal surgery for the tumor of pharyngo-esophageal junction can provide a less invasive treatment.展开更多
Aims: In order to observe the pharyngoesophageal junction, the trumpet maneuver with trans-nasal endoscopy was used. Its efficacy is reported here. Material and Methods: A 71-year-old man who underwent esophagectomy i...Aims: In order to observe the pharyngoesophageal junction, the trumpet maneuver with trans-nasal endoscopy was used. Its efficacy is reported here. Material and Methods: A 71-year-old man who underwent esophagectomy in esophageal cancer 2 years ago was admitted to our hospital with primary pharyngeal cancer. The type of upper endoscope used was EG-580NW (FUJI Film, Tokyo, Japan). The endoscope is a trans-nasal endoscope that can provide high quality endoscopic images. The pharyngeal cancer located at right lateral wall which was previously detected could be observed easily. We asked the patient to blow hard and puff his cheeks with his mouth closed. When inspecting the hypopharynx and the orifice of the esophagus, we told the patient that we would start the trumpet maneuver. Results: After the trumpet maneuver, the pharyngeal mucosa was stretched out. Another primary lesion was observed at the posterior wall of the hypopharynx near the pharyngoesophageal junction. This technique provided a much better view of the lesion than had been possible with trans-oral endoscopy,allowing us to remove the biopsy specimen without sedation. Conclusion: In conclusion, the trumpet maneuver using trans-nasal endoscopy is a useful technique for precise inspection before treatments for patients who have already detected the lesions.展开更多
Rooting ability of indole 3-butyric acid （IBA）-induced stem cuttings in vegetative regeneration experiments depends on various parameters, which can be entrenched using sprouting value index （SVI）, a mathematical ...Rooting ability of indole 3-butyric acid （IBA）-induced stem cuttings in vegetative regeneration experiments depends on various parameters, which can be entrenched using sprouting value index （SVI）, a mathematical approach. In this study, field studies were carried out in Tabebuia rosea to generate clonal planting stock regeneration using three rooting medium at a location in Central Kerala, Peninsular India, for three consecutive years from October 2014 till June 2016 at four months regular intervals. Three IBA concentrations, viz., 200, 500 and 1,000 ppm, have been used and the data obtained was evaluated using SVI method in order to establish the suitable medium, which gives the maximum rooting results. Control cuttings did not record rooting in any of the trials. The high SVI was obtained when stem root cuttings planted in root trainers with coir pith compost （RTCP） for all the three concentration of IBA applied. Sprouting percentage was marked up and the delay in completion of sprouting/rooting initiation decreased by the use of IBA treatment.展开更多
Developing a novel drop counter by introducing the Internet of Things concept has been vigorously conducted in recent years. Understanding the newly introduced drop counter’s flow rate control accuracy and flow rate ...Developing a novel drop counter by introducing the Internet of Things concept has been vigorously conducted in recent years. Understanding the newly introduced drop counter’s flow rate control accuracy and flow rate count feature is essential for improving safety in infusion management. This study aimed to verify if the new drop counters could secure accurate flow rate and drip count by conducting actual flow rate measurements using gravimetry and functional evaluation. A drop counter was attached to each drip chamber of the infusion set, and an IV drip was conducted at the 100 ml/h flow rate. The weight of discharged physiological saline was measured to plot trumpet curves. Next, three different types of drop counters were evaluated to determine if they maintained drip count accuracy according to the changes in their position angles. The flow rate errors in all conditions indicated trumpet-like curves, exhibiting an overall error range within ±10% in all observation windows. Although every drop counter successfully detected and measured dripping, it was challenging in some counters to detect dripping when the drip chamber was tilted. In comparing adult and pediatric IV sets, the adult IV set was found to be less likely to detect dripping in the angled position. No significant differences in results were confirmed between high and low flow rates, suggesting that the drop count function would not be affected by the flow rate in the ranges of typical infusion practices. Doppler sensors have a wide range of measurements and high sensitivity;the dripping was detected successfully even when the drip chamber was tilted, probably due to the advantages of these sensors. In contrast, miscounts occurred in those equipped with infrared sensors, which could not detect light intensity changes in tilted positions. Understanding the tendencies in flow rate errors in infusion can be valuable information for infusion management.展开更多
Spiral galaxies are the most common type of galaxies in the universe,and most spiral galaxies contain a supermassive black hole in their center.However,thus far,the formation of spiral galaxies is still not fully unde...Spiral galaxies are the most common type of galaxies in the universe,and most spiral galaxies contain a supermassive black hole in their center.However,thus far,the formation of spiral galaxies is still not fully understood,and especially,what determines the number of spiral arms is still an open question as well.Here,inspired by fascinating spiral galaxies,we demonstrate that such a spiral-galaxy-shaped optical field can be generated by interference of a vortex wave and a trumpet wave.Interestingly,we show it is the topological charge of the vortex wave that determines the number of spiral arms in our model.展开更多
文摘A Reuters report on October 17 de- scribed the concerns of a young Chinese woman working in the United States that she might miss out on the new development opportunities in China and her change of mind about whether or not to return to China.
文摘Trumpet shell, Charonia sauliae, is an endangered and valuable species, but its artificial propagation protocol has not been successfully established. To estimate the possibility of cryopreservation for larvae of C. sauliae, which is a potential preparation for its artificial reproduction and further research, in this study a protocoi for the cryopreservation of veliger larvae of trumpet shell was optimized. Through a two-step cryopreservation procedure, four kinds of cryoprotectants （ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol） were employed at three concentrations （1.0, 1.5 and 2.0molL^-1） respectively and survival rates of larvae were determined after a storage of lh. The larvae frozen with these four cryoprotectants after 1 h storage were cultured, and then survival rates were determined at 24, 72 and 120 h after thawing. Dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 1.5 molL^-1 showed the best protective effect in all experiments （p〈0.05）. And survival rates of larvae frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide were determined after 1, 7 and 15 d of storage. The survival rates of larvae frozen with 1.5 molL^-1 dimethyl sulfoxide after 1 h, 1 d, 7 d and 15 d of storage were 80.77% ±7.51%, 80.34%±11.28%, 83.10%±9.14% and 77.23%±6.22% respectively. No significant differences in survival rates of larvae frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide were observed after various storage periods （p〉0.05）.
文摘A 65-year-old man was admitted to our hospital following 6 months of dysphagia. At first, conventional endoscopy showed a reddish and depressed lesion in the stomach and an elevated lesion in the posterior wall of the hypopharynx. An endoscopic biopsy showed adenocarcinoma in the stomach, and squamous cell carcinoma in the hypopharynx. On the further examination, trans-nasal endoscopy with narrow band imaging (NBI) was performed. During the trumpet maneuver, a huge protruded lesion was observed and it reached to the orifice of the esophagus. Other superficial lesion located at left pyriform sinus was detected by NBI system as brownish area with brown dots. Furthermore, superficial esophageal cancer in the cervical esophagus was detected. Finally, 4 carcinomas in upper gastrointestinal tract were detected. Among them, the hypopharyngeal cancer was the most advanced (T3N0). The patient hoped to preserve his voice and swallowing function, endoscopic laryngo-pharyngeal surgery (ELPS) was performed for the hypopharyngeal cancer. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) was performed for the esophageal cancer, and Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed for the gastric cancer. Under collaboration between a head and neck surgeon and an endoscopist, the tumor was resected en-bloc. The histopathological findings of hypopharyngeal cancer were squamous cell carcinoma, subeipthelial invasion, 29 × 28 × 4.2 mm. The others were diagnosed as mucosal cancers. The patient is currently alive with no recurrence at 28 months after the surgery;there is no stricture at the cervical esophagus. Endoscopic laryngopharyngeal surgery for the tumor of pharyngo-esophageal junction can provide a less invasive treatment.
文摘Aims: In order to observe the pharyngoesophageal junction, the trumpet maneuver with trans-nasal endoscopy was used. Its efficacy is reported here. Material and Methods: A 71-year-old man who underwent esophagectomy in esophageal cancer 2 years ago was admitted to our hospital with primary pharyngeal cancer. The type of upper endoscope used was EG-580NW (FUJI Film, Tokyo, Japan). The endoscope is a trans-nasal endoscope that can provide high quality endoscopic images. The pharyngeal cancer located at right lateral wall which was previously detected could be observed easily. We asked the patient to blow hard and puff his cheeks with his mouth closed. When inspecting the hypopharynx and the orifice of the esophagus, we told the patient that we would start the trumpet maneuver. Results: After the trumpet maneuver, the pharyngeal mucosa was stretched out. Another primary lesion was observed at the posterior wall of the hypopharynx near the pharyngoesophageal junction. This technique provided a much better view of the lesion than had been possible with trans-oral endoscopy,allowing us to remove the biopsy specimen without sedation. Conclusion: In conclusion, the trumpet maneuver using trans-nasal endoscopy is a useful technique for precise inspection before treatments for patients who have already detected the lesions.
文摘Rooting ability of indole 3-butyric acid （IBA）-induced stem cuttings in vegetative regeneration experiments depends on various parameters, which can be entrenched using sprouting value index （SVI）, a mathematical approach. In this study, field studies were carried out in Tabebuia rosea to generate clonal planting stock regeneration using three rooting medium at a location in Central Kerala, Peninsular India, for three consecutive years from October 2014 till June 2016 at four months regular intervals. Three IBA concentrations, viz., 200, 500 and 1,000 ppm, have been used and the data obtained was evaluated using SVI method in order to establish the suitable medium, which gives the maximum rooting results. Control cuttings did not record rooting in any of the trials. The high SVI was obtained when stem root cuttings planted in root trainers with coir pith compost （RTCP） for all the three concentration of IBA applied. Sprouting percentage was marked up and the delay in completion of sprouting/rooting initiation decreased by the use of IBA treatment.
文摘Developing a novel drop counter by introducing the Internet of Things concept has been vigorously conducted in recent years. Understanding the newly introduced drop counter’s flow rate control accuracy and flow rate count feature is essential for improving safety in infusion management. This study aimed to verify if the new drop counters could secure accurate flow rate and drip count by conducting actual flow rate measurements using gravimetry and functional evaluation. A drop counter was attached to each drip chamber of the infusion set, and an IV drip was conducted at the 100 ml/h flow rate. The weight of discharged physiological saline was measured to plot trumpet curves. Next, three different types of drop counters were evaluated to determine if they maintained drip count accuracy according to the changes in their position angles. The flow rate errors in all conditions indicated trumpet-like curves, exhibiting an overall error range within ±10% in all observation windows. Although every drop counter successfully detected and measured dripping, it was challenging in some counters to detect dripping when the drip chamber was tilted. In comparing adult and pediatric IV sets, the adult IV set was found to be less likely to detect dripping in the angled position. No significant differences in results were confirmed between high and low flow rates, suggesting that the drop count function would not be affected by the flow rate in the ranges of typical infusion practices. Doppler sensors have a wide range of measurements and high sensitivity;the dripping was detected successfully even when the drip chamber was tilted, probably due to the advantages of these sensors. In contrast, miscounts occurred in those equipped with infrared sensors, which could not detect light intensity changes in tilted positions. Understanding the tendencies in flow rate errors in infusion can be valuable information for infusion management.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12174047,12574353)。
文摘Spiral galaxies are the most common type of galaxies in the universe,and most spiral galaxies contain a supermassive black hole in their center.However,thus far,the formation of spiral galaxies is still not fully understood,and especially,what determines the number of spiral arms is still an open question as well.Here,inspired by fascinating spiral galaxies,we demonstrate that such a spiral-galaxy-shaped optical field can be generated by interference of a vortex wave and a trumpet wave.Interestingly,we show it is the topological charge of the vortex wave that determines the number of spiral arms in our model.
