This note shows that when studying geometric pro perties, a polynomial system is defined as a line field on a projective space such that its singular set has co dimension at least 2. By this definition, the concept ...This note shows that when studying geometric pro perties, a polynomial system is defined as a line field on a projective space such that its singular set has co dimension at least 2. By this definition, the concept of the degree of a polynomial system does not coincide with the usual one. The usual degenerate polynomial system of degree n+1 should be regarded as a system of degree n . Note that the definition is independent coordinate system. And, by this definition, some geometric properties concerning polynomial vector fields turn out to be evident.展开更多
The cytosolic chaperonin T-complex protein 1-ring complex(TRiC)or chaperonin containing T-complex protein 1(CCT)is essential in de novo folding of approximately 10%of the eukaryotic,newly translated polypeptides as we...The cytosolic chaperonin T-complex protein 1-ring complex(TRiC)or chaperonin containing T-complex protein 1(CCT)is essential in de novo folding of approximately 10%of the eukaryotic,newly translated polypeptides as well as misfolded proteins.There is a close link between the TRiC/CCT cytosolic chaperonin and neurodegenerative diseases(Lopez et al.,2015).A lot of research suggests that CCT plays neuroprotective roles in neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington’s disease(Lopez et al.,2015).Either overexpression of a single or all eight subunits(CCT1-8)or treatment of the substrate-binding apical domain of yeast CCT1(ApiCCT1)prevented mutant Huntingtin aggregation and improved cellular and neuronal functions(Zhao et al.,2016).Importantly,our recent study has demonstrated that both CCT and ApiCCT could reduce mutant Huntingtin level and enhance both anterograde and retrograde axonal transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor.These results led to restoration of the trophic status of striatal neurons from a bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic mouse model of Huntington’s disease(Zhao et al.,2016).Axonal transport is regulated by many factors including microtubule-associated protein tau,which promotes tubulin polymerization and stabilizes microtubules.Impaired interaction between tau and microtubules plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases(Wang and Mandelkow,2016).Interestingly,tau phosphorylation is also observed in brains of several Huntington’s disease mouse models and Huntington’s disease patients(Gratuze et al.,2016).In a recent study,we explored if CCT subunit has any effect on axonal transport in a tau-dependent pathway(Chen et al.,2018b).We focused on the retrograde axonal transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,as neurotrophic factor-mediated signaling in the form of signaling endosome is essential in both the developing and the mature nervous system and dysregulation of trafficking of neurotrophic factors is tightly linked to disorders of the nervous system(Chen et al.,2018a).We found that the expression of a single CCT subunit(CCT5)significantly promoted retrograde axonal transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in primary cortical neurons.Mechanically,CCT regulated the level of cyclin-dependent kinase 5(CDK5)/p35/p25 and,subsequently contributed to CCT-induced tau phosphorylation,which induced detachment of tau from microtubules(Chen et al.,2018b)(Figure 1).展开更多
AIM: To investigate the expression of Erythropoietin (Epo) and its receptor (EpoR) in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) and the correlation with angiogenesis and clinicopathological features. METHODS: The expressions of Ep...AIM: To investigate the expression of Erythropoietin (Epo) and its receptor (EpoR) in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) and the correlation with angiogenesis and clinicopathological features. METHODS: The expressions of Epo, EpoR and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as well as mi-crovessel density were evaluated in 172 GAC biopsies by immunohistochemical staining. The correlations between these parameters and patient’s clinicopathological features were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The proportion of Epo and EpoR alterations in GAC was higher than that in adjacent normal mucosa (P = 0.035 and 0.030). Epo high-expression was associ-ated with EpoR high-expression, Lauren type, extensivelymph node metastasis and advanced stage of GAC (P = 0.018, 0.018, 0.004 and 0), while EpoR expression was linked with older age, World Health Organization type, extensive lymph node metastasis and advanced stage (P = 0.001, 0.013, 0.008 and 0.001). VEGF high expression was significantly correlated with EpoR low-expression, Lauren type, extensive lymph node metastasis and advanced stage (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.001 and 0.007). The expression of Epo or EpoR was associated with microvessel density (P = 0.004 and 0.046). On multivariate analysis, only lymph node metastasis, abnormal Epo expression and tumor nodes metastases stage were independently associated with survival. In addition, a strong association with the immunohistochemical expression of EpoR and the angiogenic protein, VEGF, was noted. CONCLUSION: Increased expression of Epo and EpoR may play a signif icant role in the carcinogenesis, angiogenesis and progression of GAC. Epo may be an inde-pendent prognostic factor.展开更多
A finite element model for piezoelectric smart beam in extension mode based on First-order Shear Deformation Theory(FSDT)with an appropriate through-thickness distribution of electric potential is presented.Accuracy o...A finite element model for piezoelectric smart beam in extension mode based on First-order Shear Deformation Theory(FSDT)with an appropriate through-thickness distribution of electric potential is presented.Accuracy of piezoelectric finite element formulations depends on the selection of assumed mechanical and electrical fields.Most of the conventional FSDT-based piezoelectric beam formulations available in the literature use linear through-thickness distribution of electric potential which is actually nonlinear.Here,a novel quadratic profile of the through-thickness electric potential is proposed to include the nonlinear effects.The results obtained show that the accuracy of conventional formulations with linear through-thickness potential approximation is affected by the material configuration,especially when the piezoelectric material dominates the beam cross section.It is shown that the present formulation gives the same level of accuracy for all regimes of material configurations in the beam cross section.Also,a modified form of the FSDT displacements is employed,which utilizes the shear angle as a degree of freedom instead of section rotation.Such a FSDT displacement field shows improved performance compared to the conventional field.The present formulation is validated by comparing the results with ANSYS 2D simulation.The comparison of results proves the improved efficiency and accuracy of the present formulation over the conventional formulations.展开更多
In this review, an attempt was made to introduce the traditional concepts and materials in thermo- electric application and the recent development in search- ing high-performance thermoelectric materials. Due to the u...In this review, an attempt was made to introduce the traditional concepts and materials in thermo- electric application and the recent development in search- ing high-performance thermoelectric materials. Due to the use of nanostructural engineering, thermoelectric materials with a high figure of merit are designed, leading to their blooming application in the energy field. One dimensional nanotubes and nanoribbons, two-dimensional planner structures, nanocomposites, and heterostructures were summarized. In addition, the state-of-the-art theoretical calculation in the prediction of thermoelectric materials was also reviewed, including the molecular dynamics （MD）, Boltzmann transport equation, and non-equilibrium Green＇s function. The combination of experimental fabrication and first-principles prediction significantly promotes the discovery of new promising candidates in the thermoelectric field.展开更多
随着城市空中交通(Urban Air Mobility,UAM)商业化运输的兴起,简化飞行操纵(SVO)的概念被引入航空器设计,旨在简化操作流程以适应未来运输需求。然而,基于SVO设计的电动垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL)是否满足适航性条件,以及其操纵界面是否符...随着城市空中交通(Urban Air Mobility,UAM)商业化运输的兴起,简化飞行操纵(SVO)的概念被引入航空器设计,旨在简化操作流程以适应未来运输需求。然而,基于SVO设计的电动垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL)是否满足适航性条件,以及其操纵界面是否符合人机交互的友好性标准,目前尚存在不确定性。为了解决这一问题,对基于简化操纵设计的eVTOL进行了任务科目基元(MTE)的实验,以评估其操纵品质。实验共招募了20名被试人员,通过库珀-哈珀量表收集了他们对eVTOL操纵品质的主观评分,并进行了半结构化访谈,同时记录了他们的眼动数据和肌电数据。本研究在结合主观评估和可解释的手工特征的基础上,提出了基于格拉米角场法和卷积神经网络的操纵品质评估模型。研究结果表明,不良的操纵界面设计显著影响了参与者的肌电信号和眼动信号。基于此结论设计的卷积神经网络模型能够以93.67%的准确率评估eVTOL的操纵品质。研究不仅为航空器操纵品质的提供了更为客观的新视角,而且为未来简化操纵eVTOL的设计提供了重要的改进依据。展开更多
目的通过文献计量学探究2009-2023年精准治疗联合中医药治疗肺癌的研究现状及发展趋势。方法通过检索中国知网、维普、万方数据和Web of Science核心数据库中2009-2023年发表的相关文献,去重后应用CiteSpace 6.1.R6等软件绘制发文量、...目的通过文献计量学探究2009-2023年精准治疗联合中医药治疗肺癌的研究现状及发展趋势。方法通过检索中国知网、维普、万方数据和Web of Science核心数据库中2009-2023年发表的相关文献,去重后应用CiteSpace 6.1.R6等软件绘制发文量、作者、机构以及关键词制作可视化图谱并探讨该领域的研究热点及趋势。结果经筛选共纳入中文文献639篇以及英文文献644篇。在中文文献中,发文量最高为孙建立团队;在英文文献中,发文量最高的为李艳团队。机构间合作不强,研究热点集中在耐药、信号通路、证候分布及用药特点、网络药理学、分子靶向、肿瘤微环境等。结论该研究在减毒增效、逆转耐药、调控信号通路为肺癌临床治疗提供新的应对策略,网络药理学、数据挖掘也成为该领域的热点前沿。展开更多
文摘This note shows that when studying geometric pro perties, a polynomial system is defined as a line field on a projective space such that its singular set has co dimension at least 2. By this definition, the concept of the degree of a polynomial system does not coincide with the usual one. The usual degenerate polynomial system of degree n+1 should be regarded as a system of degree n . Note that the definition is independent coordinate system. And, by this definition, some geometric properties concerning polynomial vector fields turn out to be evident.
文摘The cytosolic chaperonin T-complex protein 1-ring complex(TRiC)or chaperonin containing T-complex protein 1(CCT)is essential in de novo folding of approximately 10%of the eukaryotic,newly translated polypeptides as well as misfolded proteins.There is a close link between the TRiC/CCT cytosolic chaperonin and neurodegenerative diseases(Lopez et al.,2015).A lot of research suggests that CCT plays neuroprotective roles in neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington’s disease(Lopez et al.,2015).Either overexpression of a single or all eight subunits(CCT1-8)or treatment of the substrate-binding apical domain of yeast CCT1(ApiCCT1)prevented mutant Huntingtin aggregation and improved cellular and neuronal functions(Zhao et al.,2016).Importantly,our recent study has demonstrated that both CCT and ApiCCT could reduce mutant Huntingtin level and enhance both anterograde and retrograde axonal transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor.These results led to restoration of the trophic status of striatal neurons from a bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic mouse model of Huntington’s disease(Zhao et al.,2016).Axonal transport is regulated by many factors including microtubule-associated protein tau,which promotes tubulin polymerization and stabilizes microtubules.Impaired interaction between tau and microtubules plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases(Wang and Mandelkow,2016).Interestingly,tau phosphorylation is also observed in brains of several Huntington’s disease mouse models and Huntington’s disease patients(Gratuze et al.,2016).In a recent study,we explored if CCT subunit has any effect on axonal transport in a tau-dependent pathway(Chen et al.,2018b).We focused on the retrograde axonal transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,as neurotrophic factor-mediated signaling in the form of signaling endosome is essential in both the developing and the mature nervous system and dysregulation of trafficking of neurotrophic factors is tightly linked to disorders of the nervous system(Chen et al.,2018a).We found that the expression of a single CCT subunit(CCT5)significantly promoted retrograde axonal transport of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in primary cortical neurons.Mechanically,CCT regulated the level of cyclin-dependent kinase 5(CDK5)/p35/p25 and,subsequently contributed to CCT-induced tau phosphorylation,which induced detachment of tau from microtubules(Chen et al.,2018b)(Figure 1).
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression of Erythropoietin (Epo) and its receptor (EpoR) in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) and the correlation with angiogenesis and clinicopathological features. METHODS: The expressions of Epo, EpoR and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as well as mi-crovessel density were evaluated in 172 GAC biopsies by immunohistochemical staining. The correlations between these parameters and patient’s clinicopathological features were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The proportion of Epo and EpoR alterations in GAC was higher than that in adjacent normal mucosa (P = 0.035 and 0.030). Epo high-expression was associ-ated with EpoR high-expression, Lauren type, extensivelymph node metastasis and advanced stage of GAC (P = 0.018, 0.018, 0.004 and 0), while EpoR expression was linked with older age, World Health Organization type, extensive lymph node metastasis and advanced stage (P = 0.001, 0.013, 0.008 and 0.001). VEGF high expression was significantly correlated with EpoR low-expression, Lauren type, extensive lymph node metastasis and advanced stage (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.001 and 0.007). The expression of Epo or EpoR was associated with microvessel density (P = 0.004 and 0.046). On multivariate analysis, only lymph node metastasis, abnormal Epo expression and tumor nodes metastases stage were independently associated with survival. In addition, a strong association with the immunohistochemical expression of EpoR and the angiogenic protein, VEGF, was noted. CONCLUSION: Increased expression of Epo and EpoR may play a signif icant role in the carcinogenesis, angiogenesis and progression of GAC. Epo may be an inde-pendent prognostic factor.
文摘A finite element model for piezoelectric smart beam in extension mode based on First-order Shear Deformation Theory(FSDT)with an appropriate through-thickness distribution of electric potential is presented.Accuracy of piezoelectric finite element formulations depends on the selection of assumed mechanical and electrical fields.Most of the conventional FSDT-based piezoelectric beam formulations available in the literature use linear through-thickness distribution of electric potential which is actually nonlinear.Here,a novel quadratic profile of the through-thickness electric potential is proposed to include the nonlinear effects.The results obtained show that the accuracy of conventional formulations with linear through-thickness potential approximation is affected by the material configuration,especially when the piezoelectric material dominates the beam cross section.It is shown that the present formulation gives the same level of accuracy for all regimes of material configurations in the beam cross section.Also,a modified form of the FSDT displacements is employed,which utilizes the shear angle as a degree of freedom instead of section rotation.Such a FSDT displacement field shows improved performance compared to the conventional field.The present formulation is validated by comparing the results with ANSYS 2D simulation.The comparison of results proves the improved efficiency and accuracy of the present formulation over the conventional formulations.
文摘In this review, an attempt was made to introduce the traditional concepts and materials in thermo- electric application and the recent development in search- ing high-performance thermoelectric materials. Due to the use of nanostructural engineering, thermoelectric materials with a high figure of merit are designed, leading to their blooming application in the energy field. One dimensional nanotubes and nanoribbons, two-dimensional planner structures, nanocomposites, and heterostructures were summarized. In addition, the state-of-the-art theoretical calculation in the prediction of thermoelectric materials was also reviewed, including the molecular dynamics （MD）, Boltzmann transport equation, and non-equilibrium Green＇s function. The combination of experimental fabrication and first-principles prediction significantly promotes the discovery of new promising candidates in the thermoelectric field.
文摘随着城市空中交通(Urban Air Mobility,UAM)商业化运输的兴起,简化飞行操纵(SVO)的概念被引入航空器设计,旨在简化操作流程以适应未来运输需求。然而,基于SVO设计的电动垂直起降飞行器(eVTOL)是否满足适航性条件,以及其操纵界面是否符合人机交互的友好性标准,目前尚存在不确定性。为了解决这一问题,对基于简化操纵设计的eVTOL进行了任务科目基元(MTE)的实验,以评估其操纵品质。实验共招募了20名被试人员,通过库珀-哈珀量表收集了他们对eVTOL操纵品质的主观评分,并进行了半结构化访谈,同时记录了他们的眼动数据和肌电数据。本研究在结合主观评估和可解释的手工特征的基础上,提出了基于格拉米角场法和卷积神经网络的操纵品质评估模型。研究结果表明,不良的操纵界面设计显著影响了参与者的肌电信号和眼动信号。基于此结论设计的卷积神经网络模型能够以93.67%的准确率评估eVTOL的操纵品质。研究不仅为航空器操纵品质的提供了更为客观的新视角,而且为未来简化操纵eVTOL的设计提供了重要的改进依据。
文摘目的通过文献计量学探究2009-2023年精准治疗联合中医药治疗肺癌的研究现状及发展趋势。方法通过检索中国知网、维普、万方数据和Web of Science核心数据库中2009-2023年发表的相关文献,去重后应用CiteSpace 6.1.R6等软件绘制发文量、作者、机构以及关键词制作可视化图谱并探讨该领域的研究热点及趋势。结果经筛选共纳入中文文献639篇以及英文文献644篇。在中文文献中,发文量最高为孙建立团队;在英文文献中,发文量最高的为李艳团队。机构间合作不强,研究热点集中在耐药、信号通路、证候分布及用药特点、网络药理学、分子靶向、肿瘤微环境等。结论该研究在减毒增效、逆转耐药、调控信号通路为肺癌临床治疗提供新的应对策略,网络药理学、数据挖掘也成为该领域的热点前沿。
