首次报道了中国兰科新记录属三角兰属(Trias),并对该属及该属新种疣花三角兰(T.verrucosa Z.J.Liu,L.J.Chen et S.P.Lei)进行了描述与讨论。三角兰属含19种,分布于自印度的阿萨姆经缅甸向东南扩展至印度尼西亚与澳大利亚,向西南延伸至...首次报道了中国兰科新记录属三角兰属(Trias),并对该属及该属新种疣花三角兰(T.verrucosa Z.J.Liu,L.J.Chen et S.P.Lei)进行了描述与讨论。三角兰属含19种,分布于自印度的阿萨姆经缅甸向东南扩展至印度尼西亚与澳大利亚,向西南延伸至印度德干高原。它在云南西部的发现进一步表明了该地区与热带亚洲在植物地理学上的亲密关系。新种生于林下较阴蔽的石上,对其物候学与开花生物学特征的观察,发现该物种有大量世代重叠的克隆分株,未见结实的植株,克隆繁殖的发生与分株是否开花无关。花期自4月初至5月初,花在植株或花序上的开放毫无规律,而且单花的花期较短,仅有4～5d,未发现有结实的花。交配系统检测,人工自花传粉和异花传粉的花未见有结实。由于该植物的花期常处于雨季来临之前,此时干燥,风力大,低温和弱光的生态条件对于植物的开花、传粉、结实显然是不利的。缩短开花时间和不结实可避免植株的能量在不利环境的无效消耗,将有限的能量用于其较为有效的无性繁殖,增加了在不可预测环境中繁衍的机会,以保障繁殖的成功。它的P/O(花粉/胚珠)值为187.4±22.4,显然是与它的花粉粘合成坚硬块状可在传粉中的高效利用有关,表明该物种仍然保留有性繁殖的特性。该种植物所采取强化无性繁殖,弱化有性繁殖生殖策略是对该地区较为恶劣生态条件的适应,可能正是由于这个原因,疣花三角兰能够在远离其同属近亲的地方生存下来。展开更多
The Lower Triassic Feixianguan （飞仙关） Formation oolitic shoal reservoir in the Sichuan （四川） basin （Southwest China） is currently an exploration and research highlight in China. The reservoir is widely believ...The Lower Triassic Feixianguan （飞仙关） Formation oolitic shoal reservoir in the Sichuan （四川） basin （Southwest China） is currently an exploration and research highlight in China. The reservoir is widely believed to be formed mainly by burial dissolution and/or dolomitization on the basis of primary intergranular pores. In this study, through a comprehensive geological study on the whole basin, the dissolution and dolomitization are suggested not to be the fundamental factor of reservoir formation and there thus may be a possible new fundamental mechanism-the preservation of primary intergranular pores, i.e., the retention diagenesis. Based on this, a complex and multi-stage reservoir evolution and formation model is proposed. In the model, the depositional environment is the basis of reservoir initial formation. Subsequently, early compaction and shallow burial cementation result in the primary reservoir differentiation. Then, multi-stage burial dissolution alters and adjusts the reservoir. Because the last stage gaseous hydrocarbons have little diagenetic impact, the reservoir is formed finally. Therefore, this study presents a possible new fundamental mechanism and evolution model for the reservoir formation. The results can be applied in the regional reservoir predication and shaping exploration strategies, and provide reference for the study of shoal reservoirs in other areas.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Some research exists on the effect of non-pharmacological approaches for labor pain relief However, there is limited information about effectiveness of breathing exercises in pregnant women to reduce mate...BACKGROUND： Some research exists on the effect of non-pharmacological approaches for labor pain relief However, there is limited information about effectiveness of breathing exercises in pregnant women to reduce maternal pain during labor. OBJECTIVE： To determine whether breathing exercises for pregnant women during the second stage of labor have beneficial effects on maternal pain, duration of labor, and the first-minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration （APGAR） scores. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： This randomized clinical trial involved 250 pregnant women, who were randomly divided into two groups： intervention group （IG; n = 125） and control group （CG; n = 125）. IG received one session breathing exercise training and performed breathing exercises during the second stage of labor versus the CG that did not receive any breathing exercise training. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The effects of breathing exercises on maternal pain were determined by Visual Analogue Scale （VAS）, duration of the second stage of labor, and the first-minute APGAR scores. RESULTS： The mean age of the participants was （23.2 _＋ 4.2） （range： 18 to 42） years. Both IG and CG had similar baseline characteristics in terms of age, education level, occupation, and smoking （P 〉 0.05）. The mean VAS scores of IG and CG were （88.2 ＋_ 6.3） and （90.5 ＋_ 7.0）, respectively （P 〈 0.001）. The duration of the second stage of labor was （369.6 ＋ 92.0） s for IG and （440.7 ＋ 142.5） s for CG （P 〈 0.001 ）. The mean first-minute APGAR scores were （8.84 ＋ 0.50） for IG and （8.73 ＋ 0.89） for CG （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Based on this study, breathing exercises with deep inhalation and exhalation in pregnant women are effective in reducing the perception of labor pain and shortening the duration of the second stage of delivery. Therefore, we recommend breathing exercises as an effective modality for labor pain management and shortening the duration of labor. TRIAL REGISTRATION： This study is registered on the website of ClinicalTrials.gov （www.clinicaltrials.gov） with the number of NCT03066973.展开更多
目的:基于穴位配伍效应-脑相关假说,观察针刺青年健康志愿者右侧外关穴和外关配伍阳陵泉穴对不同脑区激活效应的功能性磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance i maging,f MRI)。方法:16名健康志愿者,随机分为外关穴组和外关配伍阳...目的:基于穴位配伍效应-脑相关假说,观察针刺青年健康志愿者右侧外关穴和外关配伍阳陵泉穴对不同脑区激活效应的功能性磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance i maging,f MRI)。方法:16名健康志愿者,随机分为外关穴组和外关配伍阳陵泉穴组,每组8名,分别针刺右侧外关和外关配伍阳陵泉穴。运用GE1.5T超导核磁共振系统完成脑部f MRI扫描,所得数据采用感兴趣区(region of in-terest,ROI)法进行处理和分析。结果:ROI激活几率表明,针刺外关和外关配伍阳陵泉穴均可相对集中(激活几率>4)激活双侧额叶和双侧顶叶等脑部功能区,但针刺外关和外关配伍阳陵泉穴对左右各脑区激活几率比较,差异无统计学意义。ROI激活点数表明,针刺外关穴能相对集中(激活点点数>10)激活双侧额叶和双侧顶叶等脑部功能区,且针刺外关穴能相对特异地激活右侧小脑(P<0.05),而针刺外关配伍阳陵泉穴则相对特异地激活左侧顶叶、左侧枕叶和双侧基底节区(P<0.05)。ROI激活强度表明,针刺外关配伍阳陵泉穴对于右侧小脑的激活强度较单纯针刺外关穴高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:f MRI脑功能成像研究表明,手足少阳经同名经穴配伍能够加强对运动障碍、感觉障碍、平衡障碍的治疗作用,穴位配伍的作用机制与脑功能区活动有关。展开更多
文摘首次报道了中国兰科新记录属三角兰属(Trias),并对该属及该属新种疣花三角兰(T.verrucosa Z.J.Liu,L.J.Chen et S.P.Lei)进行了描述与讨论。三角兰属含19种,分布于自印度的阿萨姆经缅甸向东南扩展至印度尼西亚与澳大利亚,向西南延伸至印度德干高原。它在云南西部的发现进一步表明了该地区与热带亚洲在植物地理学上的亲密关系。新种生于林下较阴蔽的石上,对其物候学与开花生物学特征的观察,发现该物种有大量世代重叠的克隆分株,未见结实的植株,克隆繁殖的发生与分株是否开花无关。花期自4月初至5月初,花在植株或花序上的开放毫无规律,而且单花的花期较短,仅有4～5d,未发现有结实的花。交配系统检测,人工自花传粉和异花传粉的花未见有结实。由于该植物的花期常处于雨季来临之前,此时干燥,风力大,低温和弱光的生态条件对于植物的开花、传粉、结实显然是不利的。缩短开花时间和不结实可避免植株的能量在不利环境的无效消耗,将有限的能量用于其较为有效的无性繁殖,增加了在不可预测环境中繁衍的机会,以保障繁殖的成功。它的P/O(花粉/胚珠)值为187.4±22.4,显然是与它的花粉粘合成坚硬块状可在传粉中的高效利用有关,表明该物种仍然保留有性繁殖的特性。该种植物所采取强化无性繁殖,弱化有性繁殖生殖策略是对该地区较为恶劣生态条件的适应,可能正是由于这个原因,疣花三角兰能够在远离其同属近亲的地方生存下来。
基金supported by the PetroChina Youth Innovation Foundation (No. 06E1018)Key Subject Construction Project of Sichuan Province (No. SZD0414)
文摘The Lower Triassic Feixianguan （飞仙关） Formation oolitic shoal reservoir in the Sichuan （四川） basin （Southwest China） is currently an exploration and research highlight in China. The reservoir is widely believed to be formed mainly by burial dissolution and/or dolomitization on the basis of primary intergranular pores. In this study, through a comprehensive geological study on the whole basin, the dissolution and dolomitization are suggested not to be the fundamental factor of reservoir formation and there thus may be a possible new fundamental mechanism-the preservation of primary intergranular pores, i.e., the retention diagenesis. Based on this, a complex and multi-stage reservoir evolution and formation model is proposed. In the model, the depositional environment is the basis of reservoir initial formation. Subsequently, early compaction and shallow burial cementation result in the primary reservoir differentiation. Then, multi-stage burial dissolution alters and adjusts the reservoir. Because the last stage gaseous hydrocarbons have little diagenetic impact, the reservoir is formed finally. Therefore, this study presents a possible new fundamental mechanism and evolution model for the reservoir formation. The results can be applied in the regional reservoir predication and shaping exploration strategies, and provide reference for the study of shoal reservoirs in other areas.
文摘BACKGROUND： Some research exists on the effect of non-pharmacological approaches for labor pain relief However, there is limited information about effectiveness of breathing exercises in pregnant women to reduce maternal pain during labor. OBJECTIVE： To determine whether breathing exercises for pregnant women during the second stage of labor have beneficial effects on maternal pain, duration of labor, and the first-minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration （APGAR） scores. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： This randomized clinical trial involved 250 pregnant women, who were randomly divided into two groups： intervention group （IG; n = 125） and control group （CG; n = 125）. IG received one session breathing exercise training and performed breathing exercises during the second stage of labor versus the CG that did not receive any breathing exercise training. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The effects of breathing exercises on maternal pain were determined by Visual Analogue Scale （VAS）, duration of the second stage of labor, and the first-minute APGAR scores. RESULTS： The mean age of the participants was （23.2 _＋ 4.2） （range： 18 to 42） years. Both IG and CG had similar baseline characteristics in terms of age, education level, occupation, and smoking （P 〉 0.05）. The mean VAS scores of IG and CG were （88.2 ＋_ 6.3） and （90.5 ＋_ 7.0）, respectively （P 〈 0.001）. The duration of the second stage of labor was （369.6 ＋ 92.0） s for IG and （440.7 ＋ 142.5） s for CG （P 〈 0.001 ）. The mean first-minute APGAR scores were （8.84 ＋ 0.50） for IG and （8.73 ＋ 0.89） for CG （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Based on this study, breathing exercises with deep inhalation and exhalation in pregnant women are effective in reducing the perception of labor pain and shortening the duration of the second stage of delivery. Therefore, we recommend breathing exercises as an effective modality for labor pain management and shortening the duration of labor. TRIAL REGISTRATION： This study is registered on the website of ClinicalTrials.gov （www.clinicaltrials.gov） with the number of NCT03066973.
文摘目的:基于穴位配伍效应-脑相关假说,观察针刺青年健康志愿者右侧外关穴和外关配伍阳陵泉穴对不同脑区激活效应的功能性磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance i maging,f MRI)。方法:16名健康志愿者,随机分为外关穴组和外关配伍阳陵泉穴组,每组8名,分别针刺右侧外关和外关配伍阳陵泉穴。运用GE1.5T超导核磁共振系统完成脑部f MRI扫描,所得数据采用感兴趣区(region of in-terest,ROI)法进行处理和分析。结果:ROI激活几率表明,针刺外关和外关配伍阳陵泉穴均可相对集中(激活几率>4)激活双侧额叶和双侧顶叶等脑部功能区,但针刺外关和外关配伍阳陵泉穴对左右各脑区激活几率比较,差异无统计学意义。ROI激活点数表明,针刺外关穴能相对集中(激活点点数>10)激活双侧额叶和双侧顶叶等脑部功能区,且针刺外关穴能相对特异地激活右侧小脑(P<0.05),而针刺外关配伍阳陵泉穴则相对特异地激活左侧顶叶、左侧枕叶和双侧基底节区(P<0.05)。ROI激活强度表明,针刺外关配伍阳陵泉穴对于右侧小脑的激活强度较单纯针刺外关穴高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:f MRI脑功能成像研究表明,手足少阳经同名经穴配伍能够加强对运动障碍、感觉障碍、平衡障碍的治疗作用,穴位配伍的作用机制与脑功能区活动有关。
