After the publication of History and Class Consciousness, the concept of totality became an important role through Georg Lukacs’ development of thought. Yet, this concept changed with his thinking. Indeed, totality a...After the publication of History and Class Consciousness, the concept of totality became an important role through Georg Lukacs’ development of thought. Yet, this concept changed with his thinking. Indeed, totality as an idea had emerged in his critique of capitalist culture in his pre-Marxism;we can claim that the concept of totality as Marxist dialectics originated in that period. Thus, it is necessary to interpret his idea of totality in pre-Marxism in order to understand wholly the concept of totality.展开更多
Setting out from the categories of totality and histori（ci）sm in Kosik＇s Dialectics of the Concrete, we look at the relationship between theory and praxis： empty, abstract totality versus concrete, reified and ali...Setting out from the categories of totality and histori（ci）sm in Kosik＇s Dialectics of the Concrete, we look at the relationship between theory and praxis： empty, abstract totality versus concrete, reified and alienated practice （Lukacs, Habermas, Honneth）; a bad totality, in which the real polydimensional subject is replaced by the one-dimensional, mythologized, fetishized, and economistically reduced ＂subject＂ of consummation （Marcuse, Baudrillard）. The dialectics of concrete totality implies a marxistic critique of the ethical and juristic universalism, in the context of the ＂positive＂ side of globalization and political unilateralism, as a concrete, militant, hegemonistic, post-colonial, and neo-imperial practice （Apel, Habermas, Chomsky, Zinoviev）; globalization as totali（tari）zation, the ＂last man,＂ the ＂end of history,＂ and the ＂end＂ of dialectics in its neo-liberal, eschatological, empty ideological ＂realization＂ （Hegel, Marx, Fukuyama, Arendt）; the totality of the （invariable） being as a pseudo-concrete and pseudo-dialectical ontologistic speculation （Heidegger）： A ＂return＂ to a concrete history and a return of the ＂positive＂ dialectics as a critical awareness, mind, and method in the discourse ＂game＂ of human＇s cognitive, creative, and practical powers. The assumption of Kosik＇s humanism is a synchrony of nature and history in the ＂absolute＂ totality of human＇s concrete existence （Lukacs, Goldmann, Adorno, Sartre, Kosik）.展开更多
The atom-bond sum-connectivity(ABS)index,put forward by[J.Math.Chem.,2022,60(10):20812093],exhibits a strong link with the acentric factor of octane isomers.The experimental physico-chemical properties of octane isome...The atom-bond sum-connectivity(ABS)index,put forward by[J.Math.Chem.,2022,60(10):20812093],exhibits a strong link with the acentric factor of octane isomers.The experimental physico-chemical properties of octane isomers,such as boiling point,of formation are found to be better measured by the ABS index than by the Randi,atom-bond connectivity(ABC),and sum-connectivity(SC)indices.One important source of information for researching the molecular structure is the bounds for its topological indices.The extrema of the ABS index of the line,total,and Mycielski graphs are calculated in this work.Moreover,the pertinent extremal graphs were illustrated.展开更多
In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using at...In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR),the molecular configurations of surface carboxyl groups(COOH),free carboxyl(COOH_(f))and hydrogen-bonded carboxyl(COOH_(HB),were directly correlated with the polar component of surface energy(γ^(s,p)).By decomposing theγ^(s,p)values of the PAA thin films as a sum of the contributions of COOH_(f)and COOH_(H B),the intrinsic polar component of surface energy of COOH_(H B)(γ_(H B)^(s,p*))was quantified for the first time as 8.34 mN/m,significantly lower than that of COOH_(f)(γ_(f)^(s,p*)=34 mN/m).This result highlights that hydrogen bonding markedly reduces theγ^(s,p),providing a rational explanation for the relatively large water contact angle observed on PAA thin films.Furthermore,it establishes a thermodynamic basis for estimating the fraction of surface COOH_(H B)groups(f H B)from wettability measurements.Further extension of the model to carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers(COOH-SAMs)revealed that surface COOH density(ΣCOOH)critically regulates wetting behavior:whenΣCOOH ranges from 4.30 to 5.25 nm^(-2),COOH groups predominantly exist in a free state and facilitate effective hydration layers,thereby promoting superhydrophilicity.Overall,this study not only establishes a unified thermodynamic framework linking surface COOH configurations to macroscopic wettability,but also validates its universality by extending it to COOH-SAMs systems,thereby providing a unified theoretical framework for the controllable design of hydrophilicity in various COOH-functionalized surfaces.展开更多
The Comedy is another of Chen Yan's masterpieces of realism after The Backstage Clan and The Protagonist.The difference is that the portrayal of He Jiabei in The Comedy echoes the theoretical idea of"typical ...The Comedy is another of Chen Yan's masterpieces of realism after The Backstage Clan and The Protagonist.The difference is that the portrayal of He Jiabei in The Comedy echoes the theoretical idea of"typical characters under typical circumstances."Through studies on Chen Yan's writing in a tensive theoretical space of"typicality,"we find that he has applied several important"typical"theories to his novels.He Jiabei,as a"typical character under typical circumstances"no longer embodies the ideal value as did Yi Qin'e in The Protagonist.The function of this character regardsthe communication between individuals and thetimes,phenomenon and essence."Typical characters under typical circumstances"is a theory generated from an analysis of realism inseparable from the"totality"of the times and history.The focus of The Comedy,a novel based on this theory,has also shifted from creating characters with distinct traits toexploring the historical essence of theera of"comedy."展开更多
Pine and oak forests have great relevance worldwide since they are recognized for the benefits and services they provide.Grazing can affect nitrogen reserves in forest trees in complex ways,the effects manifest throug...Pine and oak forests have great relevance worldwide since they are recognized for the benefits and services they provide.Grazing can affect nitrogen reserves in forest trees in complex ways,the effects manifest through changes in the soil,vegetation,and the nitrogen cycle.Nature tourism can have negative impacts on tree physiology.These impacts affect vital processes such as photosynthesis,respiration,water relations,and metabolism.This study was developed in order to determine whether natural populations of pine(Pinus cembroides Zucc.)and oak(Quercus grisea Liebm.)are affected physiologically by grazing and tourism during the stages of development and dormancy,specifically in nitrogenous compounds(Total Soluble Proteins[TSP]and Total Amino Acids[TAA])stocked in perennial organs(stem and roots)and leaves.The results showed that grazing and tourism have both negative and favorable effects on the concentrations of nitrogen compounds.The highest concentration of nitrogenous compounds was found in oak compared to pine.The root,trunk,and leaves in the grazed and non-impacted sites showed the highest concentrations of nitrogen compounds compared to the tourism-impacted site.Pine is the species most affected by anthropogenic processes(grazing and tourism)in the stages of development and dormancy,since the concentrations of nitrogenous compounds were lower compared to oak.展开更多
ADPr-ATP is a natural nucleotide with three sugar rings and five pentavalent phosphorus,and can be produced through TIR-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation reactions for plant immunity.Here,we report the first total synthesis ...ADPr-ATP is a natural nucleotide with three sugar rings and five pentavalent phosphorus,and can be produced through TIR-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation reactions for plant immunity.Here,we report the first total synthesis of ADPr-ATP(1)with a total yield of 6.4%through 14 steps,featuring late-stage P(V)−N activation reaction of pyrophosphate(4)and 5′-phosphoromorpholidate(25).The protected adenosine 5′-phosphoromorpholidate(24)was prepared on the basis of a scalable to adenosine 5′′-monophosphate(2).The construction of P(V)−N bond in phosphoramidate is esteemed as a critical step as they are sufficiently stable in deprotection reactions.The chemical synthesis of ADPr-ATP can offer an appealing alternative to traditional enzymatic synthesis and fractionation methods.Furthermore,the pRib-AMP and its prodrug are also synthesized to evaluate cytotoxicity and anti-influenza activity in vitro.展开更多
Builders of a New Life(Chuangyeshi)is a novel that takes a deep dive into the essence of historical materialism and dialectical materialism.The novel creates a literary form of political metanarrative and presents the...Builders of a New Life(Chuangyeshi)is a novel that takes a deep dive into the essence of historical materialism and dialectical materialism.The novel creates a literary form of political metanarrative and presents the literary narrative of the rural cooperative movement in China within the framework of socialist revolution,through a plot with the connotation of documentary political economy.At the literary narrative level,Builders of a New Life develops the narrative through the subjective perspectives of numerous characters,which pushes the development of the plot forward and bridges the text world with external reality.The result is the creation of a world of general literature unifying thought,emotion and action,along with the development of a distinctive epic narrative form.展开更多
This study investigates the distinct impacts of eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)El Niño events on winter shortwave solar radiation(SSR)in southern China,revealing different spatial distributions and und...This study investigates the distinct impacts of eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)El Niño events on winter shortwave solar radiation(SSR)in southern China,revealing different spatial distributions and underlying mechanisms.The results show that,during the developing winter of EP El Niño,significant SSR reductions occur in southwestern China and the east coast of southern China due to a strong,zonally extended Northwest Pacific anticyclone that transports moisture from the tropical Northwest Pacific and North Indian Ocean,while the northeast of southern China experiences a weak increase in SSR.In contrast,during the developing winter of CP El Niño,SSR decreases in the east of southern China with a significant decrease in the lower basin of the Yangtze River but an increase in the west of southern China with a remarkable increase in eastern Yunnan.The pronounced east-west dipole pattern in SSR anomalies is driven by a meridionally elongated Northwest Pacific anticyclone,which enhances northward moisture transport to the east of southern China while leaving western areas drier.Further research reveals that distinct moisture anomalies during the developing winter of EP and CP events result in divergent SSR distributions across southern China,primarily through modulating the total cloud cover.These findings highlight the critical need to differentiate between El Niño types when predicting medium and long-term variability of radiation in southern China.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the related factors of motility after total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods:The convenience sampling method was used to include 213 patients receiving THA in our hospital from June 2020 to June ...Objective:To investigate the related factors of motility after total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods:The convenience sampling method was used to include 213 patients receiving THA in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2023.They were divided into 2 groups according to the occurrence of kinesiophobia after THA.The demographic data of the 2 groups were analyzed by single-factor analysis.The factors with statistically significant differences were analyzed by binary logistic regression as independent variables.Finally,Spearman analysis was used to analyze the relationship between risk factors and the degree of kinesiophobia.Results:Among 213 THA patients,38 patients were diagnosed with kinetophobia,and the incidence of kinetophobia was 17.84%.visual analogue scale(VAS)and pain duration before operation were higher in patients with kinetophobia than in patients without kinetophobia.The scores of education level,self-efficacy,and social support were significantly lower than those of the non-phobia group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that VAS was a risk factor for kinetophobia after THA.Education level and self-efficacy were protective factors to reduce the occurrence of kinetophobia after THA(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the degree of pain(r=0.697,P<0.001)was positively correlated with the degree of kinetophobia,while the degree of education(r=-0.647,P<0.001)and self-efficacy(r=-0.756,P<0.001)were negatively correlated with the degree of kinetophobia.Conclusions:The degree of pain is a risk factor of kinesiophobia after THA,and it is positively correlated with the degree.Educational level and self-efficacy were protective factors to reduce the incidence of kinesiophobia and were negatively correlated with the degree of kinesiophobia.展开更多
BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different ...BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.展开更多
The carbon cycle stands as a cornerstone among the Earth's material cycles,carrying profound implications for global climate dynamics and humanity's sustenance and advancement.Additionally,nitrogen,as a vital ...The carbon cycle stands as a cornerstone among the Earth's material cycles,carrying profound implications for global climate dynamics and humanity's sustenance and advancement.Additionally,nitrogen,as a vital nutrient element,plays a pivotal role in biogeochemical processes,exerting significant influence on the ecological environment within watersheds.In this study,an analysis of the carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)components in the river water of 12 alpine basins on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau(TP)reveals that the average dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentration in the river water is 0.76±0.67 mg/L,indicating a lower level compared to the global river average organic carbon content.Specifically,the average DOC concentrations were 0.42±0.22 and 1.56±0.68 mg/L in the glacial and non-glacial basins,respectively.The average dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)concentration in the eastern TP is 27.04±20.19 mg/L,with the lowest DIC observed at Dagu Glacier and the highest at Daxia River.Furthermore,the average dissolved total carbon(DTC)concentration in glacier river water was 18.87±12.65 mg/L,contrasting with 48.23±21.07 mg/L in non-glacial basins.The mean concentration of total nitrogen(TN)in the eastern TP averaged 0.97±0.54 mg/L,with the glacial basin registering 1.01±0.47 mg/L and the non-glacial basin at 0.89±0.70 mg/L.Evaluating the release fluxes of carbon and nitrogen across 12 river basins revealed a range of DTC emission fluxes from 0.32×10^(9)to 31.02×10^(9)g·C/a,with inorganic carbon comprising 71.0%to 99.5%.Consequently,the carbon emission flux for seven glacier basins totaled 15.91×10^(9)g·C/a,while for the five non-glacial river basins,it reached 87.37×10^(9)g·C/a.The total TN release fluxes across 12 small river basins amounted to 2.46×10^(9)g·N/a,with 0.84×10^(9)g·N/a released in glacial basins and 1.62×10^(9)g·N/a in the nonglacial basin.This study elucidates the spatial distribution and transport mechanisms of carbon and nitrogen elements within the glacial and downstream non-glacial basins,offering valuable insights into the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen in the eastern Tibetan Plateau.展开更多
The micro-riblet structures have been demonstrated effective in controlling the Total Pressure Loss(TPL)of aero-engine blades.However,due to the considerable scale gap between micro-texture and an actual aero-engine b...The micro-riblet structures have been demonstrated effective in controlling the Total Pressure Loss(TPL)of aero-engine blades.However,due to the considerable scale gap between micro-texture and an actual aero-engine blade,wind tunnel tests and numerical simulations with massive grids directly describing the global flow field are costly for aerodynamic evaluation.Furthermore,the fine micro surface structure brings unavoidable manufacturing errors,and the probability prediction contributes to gaining the confidence interval of the results.Therefore,a novel relay-based probabilistic model for multi-fidelity scenarios in the TPL prediction of a compressor cascade with micro-riblet surfaces is proposed to trade off accuracy and efficiency.Combined with the low-fidelity flow data generated by an aerodynamic solution strategy using the boundary surrogate model and the high-fidelity flow data from the experiment,the relay-based modeling has been achieved through knowledge transferring,and the confidence interval can be provided by the Gaussian Process Regression(GPR)model.The TPL of compressor cascades with micro-riblet surfaces under different surface structures at March number Ma=0.64,0.74,0.84 have been evaluated using the Relay-Based Probabilistic(RBP)model.The results illustrate that the RBP model could provide higher accuracy than the Single-Fidelity-Data-Driven(SFDD)prediction model,which show the promising potential of multi-fidelity scenarios data fusion in the aerodynamic evaluation of multi-scale configurations.展开更多
BACKGROUND Salvage of the infected long stem revision total knee arthroplasty is challenging due to the presence of well-fixed ingrown or cemented stems.Reconstructive options are limited.Above knee amputation(AKA)is ...BACKGROUND Salvage of the infected long stem revision total knee arthroplasty is challenging due to the presence of well-fixed ingrown or cemented stems.Reconstructive options are limited.Above knee amputation(AKA)is often recommended.We present a surgical technique that was successfully used on four such patients to convert them to a knee fusion(KF)using a cephalomedullary nail.CASE SUMMARY Four patients with infected long stem revision knee replacements that refused AKA had a single stage removal of their infected revision total knee followed by a KF.They were all treated with a statically locked antegrade cephalomedullary fusion nail,augmented with antibiotic impregnated bone cement.All patients had successful limb salvage and were ambulatory with assistive devices at the time of last follow-up.All were infection free at an average follow-up of 25.5 months(range 16-31).CONCLUSION Single stage cephalomedullary nailing can result in a successful KF in patients with infected long stem revision total knees.展开更多
Objective:To systematically summarize and evaluate the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty,providing an evidence-based foundation for developing scientific and st...Objective:To systematically summarize and evaluate the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty,providing an evidence-based foundation for developing scientific and standardized discharge preparation intervention programs in clinical practice.Methods:Following the“5S”evidence model,literature such as guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries and randomized controlled trials related to discharge preparation services for total knee arthroplasty patients were retrieved from relevant websites and databases,both domestic and international,from database inception to August 31,2025.Two researchers independently screened the literature,conducted quality appraisals,and extracted and synthesized the evidence.Results:A total of 15 articles were included,comprising 3 guidelines,4 expert consensuses,3 evidence summaries,3 systematic reviews and 2 randomized controlled trials.Ultimately,23 pieces of evidence were summarized across five aspects.Conclusion:This study synthesizes the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.It is recommended that healthcare professionals apply this evidence in clinical practice,considering specific circumstances and patient needs.展开更多
Leg-length discrepancy(LLD)in individuals experiencing total hip arthroplasty(THA)is related to a substantially higher fall risk,length of post-operative hospital in-patient stay,elevated implant-related adverse event...Leg-length discrepancy(LLD)in individuals experiencing total hip arthroplasty(THA)is related to a substantially higher fall risk,length of post-operative hospital in-patient stay,elevated implant-related adverse events,and earlier revision.Therefore,it is essential to try to avoid LLD when implanting a THA.Several studies focus on this issue,including the following:Accelerometer-based portable navigation system,preoperative digital templating,robot-assisted surgery,the anatomical marker positioning method(shoulder-to-shoulder)and the artificial intelligence-based three-dimensional planning software system.The aforementioned methods should be familiar to surgeons who perform THA procedures,as a fundamental objective of this surgical intervention is to avoid LLD.展开更多
The significant medicinal values associated with C19-hydroxylated steroids dictate a growing demand for new synthetic strategies that would provide facile access to these challenging targets.This review will encapsula...The significant medicinal values associated with C19-hydroxylated steroids dictate a growing demand for new synthetic strategies that would provide facile access to these challenging targets.This review will encapsulate the key synthetic strategies for C19-hydroxylated steroids,which include indirect C–H oxidation and direct C–H oxidation in semi-synthesis as well as total synthesis.展开更多
Foreign Trade Posts Strong Growth China’s foreign trade has posted a robust start to the year,with the total value of trade in goods surging 18.3 percent year on year in the January–February period,latest official d...Foreign Trade Posts Strong Growth China’s foreign trade has posted a robust start to the year,with the total value of trade in goods surging 18.3 percent year on year in the January–February period,latest official data showed.Data released on 10 March by the General Administration of Customs revealed that total goods trade value had reached 7.73 trillion yuan(about$1.12 trillion)during this period.展开更多
This study investigates the mechanisms of friction-induced vibration under periodic variations in stress distribution using an improved fretting friction model.A fretting friction test system integrated with a total r...This study investigates the mechanisms of friction-induced vibration under periodic variations in stress distribution using an improved fretting friction model.A fretting friction test system integrated with a total reflection method was developed to analyze interfacial contact behavior under dynamic loading conditions.An improved fretting friction model was established,incorporating three critical nonlinear parameters:the hysteretic friction coefficient,tangential stiffness fluctuations,and stress distribution.Through systematic validation,the model demonstrates high-fidelity replication of experimental steady-state amplitude-frequency responses.Key findings reveal that non-uniform stress distribution governs irregularities in the vibration response,and increased uniformity intensifies stick-slip instabilities.Near the stick-slip transition threshold,distinct vibration anomalies emerge due to the coupled effects of stress heterogeneity,friction hysteresis,and stiffness variations during state transitions.Furthermore,the magnitude of the normal contact force systematically alters the dominant interfacial contact mechanism.The different interfacial contact states at various frequencies lead to distinct steady-state responses.This shift elevates resonance frequencies and amplifies higher-order resonant peaks.The fretting friction model provides a predictive framework for vibration control under dynamic interfacial loading.展开更多
BACKGROUND The optimal surgical approach for patients with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis(GHOA)and an intact rotator cuff remains debated.While anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty(TSA)has traditionally been favo...BACKGROUND The optimal surgical approach for patients with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis(GHOA)and an intact rotator cuff remains debated.While anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty(TSA)has traditionally been favoured,reverse TSA(RTSA)is increasingly utilized.AIM To systematically compare the outcomes of RTSA and TSA in this specific patient population.METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.Retrospective comparative studies evaluating RTSA and TSA in patients with GHOA and intact rotator cuff were included.Key outcomes assessed included complication and reoperation rates,patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs),and range of motion.Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool.RESULTS Twelve studies encompassing 1608 patients(580 RTSA,1028 TSA)met inclusion criteria.RTSA was associated with a lower reoperation rate compared to TSA[odds ratio=0.37;95%confidence interval(CI):0.14-0.94;P value=0.04],while no significant difference in overall complication rates was observed(odds ratio=0.47;95%CI:0.19-1.16;P value=0.10).RTSA patients showed superior outcomes in University of California Los Angeles,Simple Shoulder Test,and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index scores;however,the differences did not exceed the minimal clinically important difference.TSA patients had significantly better external rotation(mean difference=-9.0°;95%CI:-13.21 to-5.02;P value<0.0001).No significant differences were found in other range of motion measures or satisfaction scores.The overall methodological quality of included studies was moderate to serious.CONCLUSION In patients with GHOA and an intact rotator cuff,RTSA may offer comparable or improved outcomes to TSA with lower reoperation rates and similar complication profiles.Functional outcomes favour RTSA in certain patientreported outcome measures,while TSA retains an advantage in external rotation.Surgical decision-making should remain individualized based on patient characteristics and functional demands.展开更多
文摘After the publication of History and Class Consciousness, the concept of totality became an important role through Georg Lukacs’ development of thought. Yet, this concept changed with his thinking. Indeed, totality as an idea had emerged in his critique of capitalist culture in his pre-Marxism;we can claim that the concept of totality as Marxist dialectics originated in that period. Thus, it is necessary to interpret his idea of totality in pre-Marxism in order to understand wholly the concept of totality.
文摘Setting out from the categories of totality and histori（ci）sm in Kosik＇s Dialectics of the Concrete, we look at the relationship between theory and praxis： empty, abstract totality versus concrete, reified and alienated practice （Lukacs, Habermas, Honneth）; a bad totality, in which the real polydimensional subject is replaced by the one-dimensional, mythologized, fetishized, and economistically reduced ＂subject＂ of consummation （Marcuse, Baudrillard）. The dialectics of concrete totality implies a marxistic critique of the ethical and juristic universalism, in the context of the ＂positive＂ side of globalization and political unilateralism, as a concrete, militant, hegemonistic, post-colonial, and neo-imperial practice （Apel, Habermas, Chomsky, Zinoviev）; globalization as totali（tari）zation, the ＂last man,＂ the ＂end of history,＂ and the ＂end＂ of dialectics in its neo-liberal, eschatological, empty ideological ＂realization＂ （Hegel, Marx, Fukuyama, Arendt）; the totality of the （invariable） being as a pseudo-concrete and pseudo-dialectical ontologistic speculation （Heidegger）： A ＂return＂ to a concrete history and a return of the ＂positive＂ dialectics as a critical awareness, mind, and method in the discourse ＂game＂ of human＇s cognitive, creative, and practical powers. The assumption of Kosik＇s humanism is a synchrony of nature and history in the ＂absolute＂ totality of human＇s concrete existence （Lukacs, Goldmann, Adorno, Sartre, Kosik）.
基金Supported by Ningbo NSF(No.2021J234)Zhejiang Provincial Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Project(No.24NDJC057YB)。
文摘The atom-bond sum-connectivity(ABS)index,put forward by[J.Math.Chem.,2022,60(10):20812093],exhibits a strong link with the acentric factor of octane isomers.The experimental physico-chemical properties of octane isomers,such as boiling point,of formation are found to be better measured by the ABS index than by the Randi,atom-bond connectivity(ABC),and sum-connectivity(SC)indices.One important source of information for researching the molecular structure is the bounds for its topological indices.The extrema of the ABS index of the line,total,and Mycielski graphs are calculated in this work.Moreover,the pertinent extremal graphs were illustrated.
文摘In this study,polyacrylic acid(PAA)films were employed as a model system,and a series of PAA films with tunable water wettability was systematically prepared by varying molecular weight and curing temperature.Using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR),the molecular configurations of surface carboxyl groups(COOH),free carboxyl(COOH_(f))and hydrogen-bonded carboxyl(COOH_(HB),were directly correlated with the polar component of surface energy(γ^(s,p)).By decomposing theγ^(s,p)values of the PAA thin films as a sum of the contributions of COOH_(f)and COOH_(H B),the intrinsic polar component of surface energy of COOH_(H B)(γ_(H B)^(s,p*))was quantified for the first time as 8.34 mN/m,significantly lower than that of COOH_(f)(γ_(f)^(s,p*)=34 mN/m).This result highlights that hydrogen bonding markedly reduces theγ^(s,p),providing a rational explanation for the relatively large water contact angle observed on PAA thin films.Furthermore,it establishes a thermodynamic basis for estimating the fraction of surface COOH_(H B)groups(f H B)from wettability measurements.Further extension of the model to carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers(COOH-SAMs)revealed that surface COOH density(ΣCOOH)critically regulates wetting behavior:whenΣCOOH ranges from 4.30 to 5.25 nm^(-2),COOH groups predominantly exist in a free state and facilitate effective hydration layers,thereby promoting superhydrophilicity.Overall,this study not only establishes a unified thermodynamic framework linking surface COOH configurations to macroscopic wettability,but also validates its universality by extending it to COOH-SAMs systems,thereby providing a unified theoretical framework for the controllable design of hydrophilicity in various COOH-functionalized surfaces.
文摘The Comedy is another of Chen Yan's masterpieces of realism after The Backstage Clan and The Protagonist.The difference is that the portrayal of He Jiabei in The Comedy echoes the theoretical idea of"typical characters under typical circumstances."Through studies on Chen Yan's writing in a tensive theoretical space of"typicality,"we find that he has applied several important"typical"theories to his novels.He Jiabei,as a"typical character under typical circumstances"no longer embodies the ideal value as did Yi Qin'e in The Protagonist.The function of this character regardsthe communication between individuals and thetimes,phenomenon and essence."Typical characters under typical circumstances"is a theory generated from an analysis of realism inseparable from the"totality"of the times and history.The focus of The Comedy,a novel based on this theory,has also shifted from creating characters with distinct traits toexploring the historical essence of theera of"comedy."
基金funded by the National Council of Science and Technology(postgraduate scholarship awarded to Antonio Gallegos-Islas)the“Antonio Narro”Autonomous Agrarian University.
文摘Pine and oak forests have great relevance worldwide since they are recognized for the benefits and services they provide.Grazing can affect nitrogen reserves in forest trees in complex ways,the effects manifest through changes in the soil,vegetation,and the nitrogen cycle.Nature tourism can have negative impacts on tree physiology.These impacts affect vital processes such as photosynthesis,respiration,water relations,and metabolism.This study was developed in order to determine whether natural populations of pine(Pinus cembroides Zucc.)and oak(Quercus grisea Liebm.)are affected physiologically by grazing and tourism during the stages of development and dormancy,specifically in nitrogenous compounds(Total Soluble Proteins[TSP]and Total Amino Acids[TAA])stocked in perennial organs(stem and roots)and leaves.The results showed that grazing and tourism have both negative and favorable effects on the concentrations of nitrogen compounds.The highest concentration of nitrogenous compounds was found in oak compared to pine.The root,trunk,and leaves in the grazed and non-impacted sites showed the highest concentrations of nitrogen compounds compared to the tourism-impacted site.Pine is the species most affected by anthropogenic processes(grazing and tourism)in the stages of development and dormancy,since the concentrations of nitrogenous compounds were lower compared to oak.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82204209 and 82130103)Natural Science Foundation of Henna Province(No.242300421084).
文摘ADPr-ATP is a natural nucleotide with three sugar rings and five pentavalent phosphorus,and can be produced through TIR-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation reactions for plant immunity.Here,we report the first total synthesis of ADPr-ATP(1)with a total yield of 6.4%through 14 steps,featuring late-stage P(V)−N activation reaction of pyrophosphate(4)and 5′-phosphoromorpholidate(25).The protected adenosine 5′-phosphoromorpholidate(24)was prepared on the basis of a scalable to adenosine 5′′-monophosphate(2).The construction of P(V)−N bond in phosphoramidate is esteemed as a critical step as they are sufficiently stable in deprotection reactions.The chemical synthesis of ADPr-ATP can offer an appealing alternative to traditional enzymatic synthesis and fractionation methods.Furthermore,the pRib-AMP and its prodrug are also synthesized to evaluate cytotoxicity and anti-influenza activity in vitro.
文摘Builders of a New Life(Chuangyeshi)is a novel that takes a deep dive into the essence of historical materialism and dialectical materialism.The novel creates a literary form of political metanarrative and presents the literary narrative of the rural cooperative movement in China within the framework of socialist revolution,through a plot with the connotation of documentary political economy.At the literary narrative level,Builders of a New Life develops the narrative through the subjective perspectives of numerous characters,which pushes the development of the plot forward and bridges the text world with external reality.The result is the creation of a world of general literature unifying thought,emotion and action,along with the development of a distinctive epic narrative form.
基金funded by a Project from China Southern Power Grid Company Ltd.(Nos.ZBKJXM20232481 and ZBKJXM20232482)。
文摘This study investigates the distinct impacts of eastern Pacific(EP)and central Pacific(CP)El Niño events on winter shortwave solar radiation(SSR)in southern China,revealing different spatial distributions and underlying mechanisms.The results show that,during the developing winter of EP El Niño,significant SSR reductions occur in southwestern China and the east coast of southern China due to a strong,zonally extended Northwest Pacific anticyclone that transports moisture from the tropical Northwest Pacific and North Indian Ocean,while the northeast of southern China experiences a weak increase in SSR.In contrast,during the developing winter of CP El Niño,SSR decreases in the east of southern China with a significant decrease in the lower basin of the Yangtze River but an increase in the west of southern China with a remarkable increase in eastern Yunnan.The pronounced east-west dipole pattern in SSR anomalies is driven by a meridionally elongated Northwest Pacific anticyclone,which enhances northward moisture transport to the east of southern China while leaving western areas drier.Further research reveals that distinct moisture anomalies during the developing winter of EP and CP events result in divergent SSR distributions across southern China,primarily through modulating the total cloud cover.These findings highlight the critical need to differentiate between El Niño types when predicting medium and long-term variability of radiation in southern China.
基金supported by the Henan Provincial Medical Science and Technology Research Program,grant funded by the Henan Provincial Health Commission(No.LHGJ 20200888)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the related factors of motility after total hip arthroplasty(THA).Methods:The convenience sampling method was used to include 213 patients receiving THA in our hospital from June 2020 to June 2023.They were divided into 2 groups according to the occurrence of kinesiophobia after THA.The demographic data of the 2 groups were analyzed by single-factor analysis.The factors with statistically significant differences were analyzed by binary logistic regression as independent variables.Finally,Spearman analysis was used to analyze the relationship between risk factors and the degree of kinesiophobia.Results:Among 213 THA patients,38 patients were diagnosed with kinetophobia,and the incidence of kinetophobia was 17.84%.visual analogue scale(VAS)and pain duration before operation were higher in patients with kinetophobia than in patients without kinetophobia.The scores of education level,self-efficacy,and social support were significantly lower than those of the non-phobia group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that VAS was a risk factor for kinetophobia after THA.Education level and self-efficacy were protective factors to reduce the occurrence of kinetophobia after THA(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the degree of pain(r=0.697,P<0.001)was positively correlated with the degree of kinetophobia,while the degree of education(r=-0.647,P<0.001)and self-efficacy(r=-0.756,P<0.001)were negatively correlated with the degree of kinetophobia.Conclusions:The degree of pain is a risk factor of kinesiophobia after THA,and it is positively correlated with the degree.Educational level and self-efficacy were protective factors to reduce the incidence of kinesiophobia and were negatively correlated with the degree of kinesiophobia.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82402789Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Youcai Plan,No.KYYC202402+1 种基金Beijing Jishuitan Research Funding,No.HL202402and Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.L232062,No.L222063.
文摘BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42371139,42201152)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(No.CUG240629)+2 种基金the“CUG Scholar”Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(No.2023092)the Gansu Province Natural Science Foundation Key Project(No.23JRRA858)CAS President's International Fellowship for Visiting Scientists(No.2024PVC003)。
文摘The carbon cycle stands as a cornerstone among the Earth's material cycles,carrying profound implications for global climate dynamics and humanity's sustenance and advancement.Additionally,nitrogen,as a vital nutrient element,plays a pivotal role in biogeochemical processes,exerting significant influence on the ecological environment within watersheds.In this study,an analysis of the carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)components in the river water of 12 alpine basins on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau(TP)reveals that the average dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentration in the river water is 0.76±0.67 mg/L,indicating a lower level compared to the global river average organic carbon content.Specifically,the average DOC concentrations were 0.42±0.22 and 1.56±0.68 mg/L in the glacial and non-glacial basins,respectively.The average dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)concentration in the eastern TP is 27.04±20.19 mg/L,with the lowest DIC observed at Dagu Glacier and the highest at Daxia River.Furthermore,the average dissolved total carbon(DTC)concentration in glacier river water was 18.87±12.65 mg/L,contrasting with 48.23±21.07 mg/L in non-glacial basins.The mean concentration of total nitrogen(TN)in the eastern TP averaged 0.97±0.54 mg/L,with the glacial basin registering 1.01±0.47 mg/L and the non-glacial basin at 0.89±0.70 mg/L.Evaluating the release fluxes of carbon and nitrogen across 12 river basins revealed a range of DTC emission fluxes from 0.32×10^(9)to 31.02×10^(9)g·C/a,with inorganic carbon comprising 71.0%to 99.5%.Consequently,the carbon emission flux for seven glacier basins totaled 15.91×10^(9)g·C/a,while for the five non-glacial river basins,it reached 87.37×10^(9)g·C/a.The total TN release fluxes across 12 small river basins amounted to 2.46×10^(9)g·N/a,with 0.84×10^(9)g·N/a released in glacial basins and 1.62×10^(9)g·N/a in the nonglacial basin.This study elucidates the spatial distribution and transport mechanisms of carbon and nitrogen elements within the glacial and downstream non-glacial basins,offering valuable insights into the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen in the eastern Tibetan Plateau.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12301672)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(Yangfan Special Project),China(No.23YF1401300)。
文摘The micro-riblet structures have been demonstrated effective in controlling the Total Pressure Loss(TPL)of aero-engine blades.However,due to the considerable scale gap between micro-texture and an actual aero-engine blade,wind tunnel tests and numerical simulations with massive grids directly describing the global flow field are costly for aerodynamic evaluation.Furthermore,the fine micro surface structure brings unavoidable manufacturing errors,and the probability prediction contributes to gaining the confidence interval of the results.Therefore,a novel relay-based probabilistic model for multi-fidelity scenarios in the TPL prediction of a compressor cascade with micro-riblet surfaces is proposed to trade off accuracy and efficiency.Combined with the low-fidelity flow data generated by an aerodynamic solution strategy using the boundary surrogate model and the high-fidelity flow data from the experiment,the relay-based modeling has been achieved through knowledge transferring,and the confidence interval can be provided by the Gaussian Process Regression(GPR)model.The TPL of compressor cascades with micro-riblet surfaces under different surface structures at March number Ma=0.64,0.74,0.84 have been evaluated using the Relay-Based Probabilistic(RBP)model.The results illustrate that the RBP model could provide higher accuracy than the Single-Fidelity-Data-Driven(SFDD)prediction model,which show the promising potential of multi-fidelity scenarios data fusion in the aerodynamic evaluation of multi-scale configurations.
文摘BACKGROUND Salvage of the infected long stem revision total knee arthroplasty is challenging due to the presence of well-fixed ingrown or cemented stems.Reconstructive options are limited.Above knee amputation(AKA)is often recommended.We present a surgical technique that was successfully used on four such patients to convert them to a knee fusion(KF)using a cephalomedullary nail.CASE SUMMARY Four patients with infected long stem revision knee replacements that refused AKA had a single stage removal of their infected revision total knee followed by a KF.They were all treated with a statically locked antegrade cephalomedullary fusion nail,augmented with antibiotic impregnated bone cement.All patients had successful limb salvage and were ambulatory with assistive devices at the time of last follow-up.All were infection free at an average follow-up of 25.5 months(range 16-31).CONCLUSION Single stage cephalomedullary nailing can result in a successful KF in patients with infected long stem revision total knees.
文摘Objective:To systematically summarize and evaluate the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty,providing an evidence-based foundation for developing scientific and standardized discharge preparation intervention programs in clinical practice.Methods:Following the“5S”evidence model,literature such as guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries and randomized controlled trials related to discharge preparation services for total knee arthroplasty patients were retrieved from relevant websites and databases,both domestic and international,from database inception to August 31,2025.Two researchers independently screened the literature,conducted quality appraisals,and extracted and synthesized the evidence.Results:A total of 15 articles were included,comprising 3 guidelines,4 expert consensuses,3 evidence summaries,3 systematic reviews and 2 randomized controlled trials.Ultimately,23 pieces of evidence were summarized across five aspects.Conclusion:This study synthesizes the evidence on discharge preparation services for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.It is recommended that healthcare professionals apply this evidence in clinical practice,considering specific circumstances and patient needs.
文摘Leg-length discrepancy(LLD)in individuals experiencing total hip arthroplasty(THA)is related to a substantially higher fall risk,length of post-operative hospital in-patient stay,elevated implant-related adverse events,and earlier revision.Therefore,it is essential to try to avoid LLD when implanting a THA.Several studies focus on this issue,including the following:Accelerometer-based portable navigation system,preoperative digital templating,robot-assisted surgery,the anatomical marker positioning method(shoulder-to-shoulder)and the artificial intelligence-based three-dimensional planning software system.The aforementioned methods should be familiar to surgeons who perform THA procedures,as a fundamental objective of this surgical intervention is to avoid LLD.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22325106)the start-up funding from Wuhan University for financial support.We thank Prof.
文摘The significant medicinal values associated with C19-hydroxylated steroids dictate a growing demand for new synthetic strategies that would provide facile access to these challenging targets.This review will encapsulate the key synthetic strategies for C19-hydroxylated steroids,which include indirect C–H oxidation and direct C–H oxidation in semi-synthesis as well as total synthesis.
文摘Foreign Trade Posts Strong Growth China’s foreign trade has posted a robust start to the year,with the total value of trade in goods surging 18.3 percent year on year in the January–February period,latest official data showed.Data released on 10 March by the General Administration of Customs revealed that total goods trade value had reached 7.73 trillion yuan(about$1.12 trillion)during this period.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11872033)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.3172017)。
文摘This study investigates the mechanisms of friction-induced vibration under periodic variations in stress distribution using an improved fretting friction model.A fretting friction test system integrated with a total reflection method was developed to analyze interfacial contact behavior under dynamic loading conditions.An improved fretting friction model was established,incorporating three critical nonlinear parameters:the hysteretic friction coefficient,tangential stiffness fluctuations,and stress distribution.Through systematic validation,the model demonstrates high-fidelity replication of experimental steady-state amplitude-frequency responses.Key findings reveal that non-uniform stress distribution governs irregularities in the vibration response,and increased uniformity intensifies stick-slip instabilities.Near the stick-slip transition threshold,distinct vibration anomalies emerge due to the coupled effects of stress heterogeneity,friction hysteresis,and stiffness variations during state transitions.Furthermore,the magnitude of the normal contact force systematically alters the dominant interfacial contact mechanism.The different interfacial contact states at various frequencies lead to distinct steady-state responses.This shift elevates resonance frequencies and amplifies higher-order resonant peaks.The fretting friction model provides a predictive framework for vibration control under dynamic interfacial loading.
文摘BACKGROUND The optimal surgical approach for patients with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis(GHOA)and an intact rotator cuff remains debated.While anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty(TSA)has traditionally been favoured,reverse TSA(RTSA)is increasingly utilized.AIM To systematically compare the outcomes of RTSA and TSA in this specific patient population.METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.Retrospective comparative studies evaluating RTSA and TSA in patients with GHOA and intact rotator cuff were included.Key outcomes assessed included complication and reoperation rates,patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs),and range of motion.Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool.RESULTS Twelve studies encompassing 1608 patients(580 RTSA,1028 TSA)met inclusion criteria.RTSA was associated with a lower reoperation rate compared to TSA[odds ratio=0.37;95%confidence interval(CI):0.14-0.94;P value=0.04],while no significant difference in overall complication rates was observed(odds ratio=0.47;95%CI:0.19-1.16;P value=0.10).RTSA patients showed superior outcomes in University of California Los Angeles,Simple Shoulder Test,and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index scores;however,the differences did not exceed the minimal clinically important difference.TSA patients had significantly better external rotation(mean difference=-9.0°;95%CI:-13.21 to-5.02;P value<0.0001).No significant differences were found in other range of motion measures or satisfaction scores.The overall methodological quality of included studies was moderate to serious.CONCLUSION In patients with GHOA and an intact rotator cuff,RTSA may offer comparable or improved outcomes to TSA with lower reoperation rates and similar complication profiles.Functional outcomes favour RTSA in certain patientreported outcome measures,while TSA retains an advantage in external rotation.Surgical decision-making should remain individualized based on patient characteristics and functional demands.
