The 2024 development of a precision-engineered retrotransposon system marked a significant milestone in mammalian genome-editing research.As appeared in the July 8 issue of Cell,this methodological breakthrough establ...The 2024 development of a precision-engineered retrotransposon system marked a significant milestone in mammalian genome-editing research.As appeared in the July 8 issue of Cell,this methodological breakthrough established a novel framework for site-specific gene delivery through repurposing ancient viral tools.展开更多
Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medi...Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medical prescriptions).展开更多
Today city planners are confronted with two global trends:on one hand,living space is getting less due to urbanization;on the other hand,demands on living space are constantly rising as for example through stricter cl...Today city planners are confronted with two global trends:on one hand,living space is getting less due to urbanization;on the other hand,demands on living space are constantly rising as for example through stricter climate and energy political objectives based on the Paris Agreement.Therefore,it will be necessary to take into account—near urban planning and social aspects—also the climate compatibility as one central aspect in the construction of buildings,settlements,districts or neighborhoods.To identify and to push successful concepts,Austria has developed a planning tool that allows planning,assessing and ensuring high quality standards of neighborhoods.As the tool has been highly successful,additional planning tools are being developed for specific topics such as“PED—Positive Energy Districts”,“NEB—New European Bauhaus”and“CND—Climate Neutral Districts”.Central quantitative and qualitative criteria—which have been elaborated in the recent years—will be presented in this paper.展开更多
BACKGROUND Nosocomial fever of unknown origin(nFUO)is a frequent and challenging diagnostic entity,encompassing diverse infectious and non-infectious etiologies.Timely identification is crucial,yet evidence on the dia...BACKGROUND Nosocomial fever of unknown origin(nFUO)is a frequent and challenging diagnostic entity,encompassing diverse infectious and non-infectious etiologies.Timely identification is crucial,yet evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of commonly employed sepsis screening tools and biomarkers remains sparse.We hypothesized that these tools and biomarkers measured at fever onset could distinguish infectious from non-infectious causes of nFUO in critically ill adults.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic utility of sepsis tools and biomarkers in identifying infectious causes of nFUO.METHODS This prospective observational study included patients admitted to the Acute Care Emergency Medicine Unit,Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research,Chandigarh,India(July 2023 to December 2024).nFUO was defined by Durack and Street criteria.Diagnostic performance of sepsis screening tools(systemic inflammatory response syndrome,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment,quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment,National Early Warning Score,and Modified Early Warning Score)and biomarkers[procalcitonin(PCT),C-reactive protein(CRP)]at fever onset was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.RESULTS Of 80 cases(mean age 42.9±16.5 years;80% male),42.5% had infectious causes,38.7% non-infectious,and 18.8% remained undiagnosed.Pneumonia(26.2%)and bloodstream infections(11.2%)were the most common infectious etiologies,while central fever and thrombophlebitis(each 7.5%)were predominant among non-infectious causes.Sepsis tools showed poor diagnostic accuracy,with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)values close to 0.5.PCT demonstrated modest performance(AUC=0.61;optimal cut-off:0.85μg/L),while CRP was paradoxically higher in non-infectious cases(AUC=0.45).Overall mortality was 20% and was highest among undiagnosed patients(33.3%).Fever duration and hospitalization length were significantly greater in infectious cases.CONCLUSION Sepsis tools,PCT,and CRP have limited utility in identifying infectious causes of nFUO in critically ill adults and should not solely guide initial decision-making.展开更多
Employee selection is a critical process that directly impacts organizational performance,productivity,and strategic success.This comprehensive article explores the multifaceted landscape of contemporary employee sele...Employee selection is a critical process that directly impacts organizational performance,productivity,and strategic success.This comprehensive article explores the multifaceted landscape of contemporary employee selection tools,examining their theoretical foundations,practical applications,psychological underpinnings,and empirical effectiveness.By systematically analyzing various selection methodologies,this research provides insights into the complex decision-making processes that organizations employ to identify,evaluate,and recruit top talent.The article critically evaluates the reliability,validity,advantages,and limitations of each selection tool,offering a nuanced perspective on their implementation and potential organizational impact.展开更多
Thermal errors in CNC machine tools,particularly those involving the spindle,significantly affect machining accuracy and performance.These errors,caused by temperature fluctuations in the spindle and surrounding compo...Thermal errors in CNC machine tools,particularly those involving the spindle,significantly affect machining accuracy and performance.These errors,caused by temperature fluctuations in the spindle and surrounding components,result in dimensional deviations that can lead to poor part quality and reduced precision in high-speed manufacturing processes.This paper explores thermal error modeling and compensation methods for the spindle of five-axis CNC machine tools.A detailed analysis of the heat generation,transfer mechanisms,and finite element analysis(FEA)is presented to develop accurate thermal error models.Compensation techniques,such as model-based methods,sensor-based methods,real-time compensation algorithms,and hybrid approaches,are critically reviewed.This study also discusses the challenges in real-time compensation and the integration of thermal error compensation with machine tool control systems.The objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of thermal error phenomena and their compensation strategies,ultimately contributing to the enhancement of machining accuracy in advanced manufacturing applications.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to systematically evaluate the measurement characteristics and methodological quality of childbirth experience assessment tools,with a view to informing the selection of healthcare professio...Objective:This study aimed to systematically evaluate the measurement characteristics and methodological quality of childbirth experience assessment tools,with a view to informing the selection of healthcare professionals who can provide high-quality assessment tools.Method:A systematic search was performed on specific databases:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,CINAHL,SinoMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and Wanfang,from inception to February 29,2024.The researchers retrieved studies on the measurement attributes of the childbirth experience assessment tool,and traced back the references of the included studies to supplement relevant literature.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,screening and data extraction were independently undertaken by two reviewers.Two researchers individually used the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments(COSMIN)Risk of Bias Checklist to assess the methodological quality of the scale,applied the COSMIN criteria to evaluate the measurement properties of the scale,and used a modified Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system to assess the certainty of evidence.Result:A total of 15 studies were included to evaluate the psychometric properties of 11 childbirth experience assessment tools(including different language versions).Eight studies’methodological quality of content validity was doubtful,and the remaining studies did not report content validity.None of the tools reported measurement error,cross-cultural validity,or responsiveness.In light of the questionable or unreported content validity of the tools,the evidence quality was deemed moderate or below.Consequently,the 11 assessment tools were recommended as grade B.Conclusion:In contrast,the Questionnaire for Assessing the Childbirth Experience(QACE)is recommended for provisional use,given its relatively good methodological and measurement attributes and appropriate content for evaluation.However,further validation of other measurement properties is needed.展开更多
The paper aims to examine the application of multimedia technology in expanding vocabulary in second language acquisition.Incorporating innovative technology such as mobile applications,gaming applications,websites,an...The paper aims to examine the application of multimedia technology in expanding vocabulary in second language acquisition.Incorporating innovative technology such as mobile applications,gaming applications,websites,and other related online tools has increased learners’vocabulary mastery,engagement,and motivation levels.Interactional processes like media-embedded objects,teach-learning capacity algorithms,and feedback help learners receive the course in a personalized way that considers individual learning patterns or abilities.However,there are the following challenges:accessibility issues,total reliance on technology,and issues related to privacy.The following challenges affecting learning that arise from using gadgets:the digital divide,limited device access,and environmental issues that may distract a learner in a technology-enabled environment.Moreover,the security issue for data and the ethical question of users’information remain important too.Hence,the paper provides arguments that although these technologies contribute significantly to vocabulary acquisition,the challenge that emerges should be addressed by integrating technology in teaching and learning alongside conventional methods for vocabulary acquisition,which is a practical language acquisition tool that should not be monopolized.展开更多
An individual's mental health influences their capacity to think effectively,feel emotionally stable,and perform daily activities.As mental health concerns become more prevalent worldwide,new awareness and diagnos...An individual's mental health influences their capacity to think effectively,feel emotionally stable,and perform daily activities.As mental health concerns become more prevalent worldwide,new awareness and diagnostic and treatment tactics are needed.Digital tools and technology are helping solve these problems by providing scalable,tailored solutions for large populations.This detailed review examines mental health‐promoting internet tools.Smartphone applications,web‐based therapy systems,wearable tech,artificial intelligence‐powered resources,and virtual reality(VR)technologies were evaluated for efficacy and side effects.PubMed,PsycINFO,Scopus,IEEE Xplore,and Google Scholar were carefully searched.Search terms included“digital mental health tools,”“online therapy,”and“AI in mental health.”Randomized controlled trials,cohort studies,cross‐sectional studies,systematic reviews,and meta‐analyses of digital technology and mental health were included from among the literature published after 2010.Cognitive behavioral therapy methods,mood monitoring,and mindfulness exercises are among the numerous features of smartphone applications that have been demonstrated to mitigate symptoms of anxiety,depression,and tension.Online therapy platforms let marginalized individuals obtain therapy remotely.Wearable technology may detect heart rate,blood pressure,and sleep length,which may reveal mental health difficulties.Chatbots employ machine learning algorithms and natural language processing to deliver customized support and show promise for quick intervention.Exposure therapy for anxiety and trauma is increasingly using virtual reality environments.Although digital mental health therapies face challenges in relation to data privacy,limited long‐term efficacy,and technological inequality,digital technologies are modernizing mental healthcare.By offering inexpensive and effective alternatives to traditional therapies,digital technologies may help healthcare systems meet the growing demand for mental health services and overall well‐being.展开更多
This article evaluates the transformative potential of large language models(LLMs)as patient education tools for managing inflammatory bowel disease.The discussion highlights their ability to deliver nuanced and perso...This article evaluates the transformative potential of large language models(LLMs)as patient education tools for managing inflammatory bowel disease.The discussion highlights their ability to deliver nuanced and personalized infor-mation,addressing limitations in traditional educational materials.Key consider-ations include the necessity for domain-specific fine-tuning to enhance accuracy,the adoption of robust evaluation metrics beyond readability,and the integration of LLMs with clinical decision support systems to improve real-time patient education.Ethical and accessibility challenges,such as algorithmic bias,data privacy,and digital literacy,are also examined.Recommendations emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize LLM integration,en-suring equitable access and improved patient outcomes.By advancing LLM technology,healthcare can empower patients with accurate and personalized information,enhancing engagement and disease management.展开更多
To describe and analyze the current status of benefit-finding research in patients with chronic diseases and to provide a reference for clinical practice and future research in this field.Using Arksey and O’Malley’s...To describe and analyze the current status of benefit-finding research in patients with chronic diseases and to provide a reference for clinical practice and future research in this field.Using Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology as a framework,we searched PubMed,Web of Science,Science Direct,and CINAHL(4 English databases);and China National Knowledge Infrastructure,the VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals,the Wan Fang Database and China Biomedical Database(4 Chinese databases)for literature on benefit finding in patients with chronic diseases,with a search time frame of construction to April 20,2024,and the literature was screened,extracted,and summarized.A total of 44 papers were included,comprising 18 in Chinese and 26 in English.Among them,a total of 19 assessment tools were used,and the influential factors investigated were categorized into socio-demographic characteristics,disease-related characteristics,psychological and behavioral characteristics,coping styles,and social support.Benefit finding is found to be a positive psychological experience and important for patients with chronic diseases,and the influencing factors are complex and diverse,with a wide range of assessment tools.However,domestic tools lack autonomy and specificity.Clinical caregivers and staff should develop relevant assessment tools and formulate a personalized research plan based on the characteristics of patients with chronic diseases in China to promote the adoption of healthy lifestyles by patients with chronic diseases,improve their self-management ability,and provide a practical basis for improving the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.展开更多
With the rapid popularization of artificial intelligence technology in the field of higher education,college students are increasingly dependent on AI tools such as ChatGPT,automatic writing assistants,and intelligent...With the rapid popularization of artificial intelligence technology in the field of higher education,college students are increasingly dependent on AI tools such as ChatGPT,automatic writing assistants,and intelligent translators.Behind the convenience and efficiency,a decline trend in students’core learning abilities such as autonomous learning ability,critical thinking ability,and knowledge construction ability has gradually emerged.This study aims to explore the interactive logical mechanism between college students’reliance on AI tools and the weakening of their learning abilities,and on this basis,propose practical and feasible educational intervention strategies.Research has found that while AI tools lower the learning threshold,they also weaken students’cognitive investment and independent thinking abilities,further intensifying their reliance on technology.In this regard,this paper proposes a three-dimensional intervention path based on guided usage,ability compensation,and value reconstruction to achieve the collaborative improvement of students’technical usage ability and learning ability.This research has certain theoretical value and practical enlightenment significance for solving the structural predicament of higher education in the intelligent era.展开更多
Accuracy allocation is crucial in the accuracy design of machining tools.Current accuracy allocation methods primarily focus on positional deviation,with little consideration for tool direction deviation.To address th...Accuracy allocation is crucial in the accuracy design of machining tools.Current accuracy allocation methods primarily focus on positional deviation,with little consideration for tool direction deviation.To address this issue,we propose a geometric error cost sensitivity-based accuracy allocation method for five-axis machine tools.A geometric error model consisting of 4l error components is constructed based on homogeneous transformation matrices.Volumetric points with positional and tool direction deviations are randomly sampled to evaluate the accuracy of the machine tool.The sensitivity of each error component at these sampling points is analyzed using the Sobol method.To balance the needs of geometric precision and manufacturing cost,a geometric error cost sensitivity function is developed to estimate the required cost.By allocating error components affecting tool direction deviation first and the remaining components second,this allocation scheme ensures that both deviations meet the requirements.We also perform numerical simulation of a BC-type(B-axis and C-axis type)five-axis machine tool to validate the method.The results show that the new allocation scheme reduces the total geometric error cost by 27.8%compared to a uniform allocation scheme,and yields the same positional and tool direction machining accuracies.展开更多
Copper, iron and cobalt based pre-alloyed powders for diamond tools were prepared by ultrahigh pressure water atomization（UPWA） process. Pre-alloyed powders prepared by different processes including UPWA, convention...Copper, iron and cobalt based pre-alloyed powders for diamond tools were prepared by ultrahigh pressure water atomization（UPWA） process. Pre-alloyed powders prepared by different processes including UPWA, conventional water atomization （CWA） and elemental metal mechanical mixing （EMMM） were sintered to segments and then compared in mechanical properties, holding force between matrix and diamond, fracture morphology of blank and sintering diamond section containing matrix. The results showed that the pre-alloyed powder prepared by UPWA exhibits the best mechanical properties including the relative density, the hardness and the bending strength of matrix sinteredsegment. Sintered segments fractography of UPWA pre-alloyed powder indicatesmechanical mosaic strength and chemical bonding force between the pre-alloyed powder and the diamond, leading to the great increase in the holding force between matrix and diamond. The mechanical performance andthe service life of diamond tools were greatly improved by UPWA pre-alloyed powders.展开更多
文摘The 2024 development of a precision-engineered retrotransposon system marked a significant milestone in mammalian genome-editing research.As appeared in the July 8 issue of Cell,this methodological breakthrough established a novel framework for site-specific gene delivery through repurposing ancient viral tools.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82222068,82070423,82270348,and 82173779)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Pro-gram of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No:ZYYCXTD-D-202206)+1 种基金Fujian Province Science and Technology Project,China(Grant Nos.:2021J01420479,2021J02058,2022J011374,and 2022J02057)Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities,China(Grant No.:20720230070).
文摘Insect-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitutes an essential component of TCM,with the earliest records found in“52 Bingfang”(Prescriptions of fifty-two diseases,which is one of the earliest Chinese medical prescriptions).
文摘Today city planners are confronted with two global trends:on one hand,living space is getting less due to urbanization;on the other hand,demands on living space are constantly rising as for example through stricter climate and energy political objectives based on the Paris Agreement.Therefore,it will be necessary to take into account—near urban planning and social aspects—also the climate compatibility as one central aspect in the construction of buildings,settlements,districts or neighborhoods.To identify and to push successful concepts,Austria has developed a planning tool that allows planning,assessing and ensuring high quality standards of neighborhoods.As the tool has been highly successful,additional planning tools are being developed for specific topics such as“PED—Positive Energy Districts”,“NEB—New European Bauhaus”and“CND—Climate Neutral Districts”.Central quantitative and qualitative criteria—which have been elaborated in the recent years—will be presented in this paper.
文摘BACKGROUND Nosocomial fever of unknown origin(nFUO)is a frequent and challenging diagnostic entity,encompassing diverse infectious and non-infectious etiologies.Timely identification is crucial,yet evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of commonly employed sepsis screening tools and biomarkers remains sparse.We hypothesized that these tools and biomarkers measured at fever onset could distinguish infectious from non-infectious causes of nFUO in critically ill adults.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic utility of sepsis tools and biomarkers in identifying infectious causes of nFUO.METHODS This prospective observational study included patients admitted to the Acute Care Emergency Medicine Unit,Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research,Chandigarh,India(July 2023 to December 2024).nFUO was defined by Durack and Street criteria.Diagnostic performance of sepsis screening tools(systemic inflammatory response syndrome,Sequential Organ Failure Assessment,quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment,National Early Warning Score,and Modified Early Warning Score)and biomarkers[procalcitonin(PCT),C-reactive protein(CRP)]at fever onset was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.RESULTS Of 80 cases(mean age 42.9±16.5 years;80% male),42.5% had infectious causes,38.7% non-infectious,and 18.8% remained undiagnosed.Pneumonia(26.2%)and bloodstream infections(11.2%)were the most common infectious etiologies,while central fever and thrombophlebitis(each 7.5%)were predominant among non-infectious causes.Sepsis tools showed poor diagnostic accuracy,with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)values close to 0.5.PCT demonstrated modest performance(AUC=0.61;optimal cut-off:0.85μg/L),while CRP was paradoxically higher in non-infectious cases(AUC=0.45).Overall mortality was 20% and was highest among undiagnosed patients(33.3%).Fever duration and hospitalization length were significantly greater in infectious cases.CONCLUSION Sepsis tools,PCT,and CRP have limited utility in identifying infectious causes of nFUO in critically ill adults and should not solely guide initial decision-making.
文摘Employee selection is a critical process that directly impacts organizational performance,productivity,and strategic success.This comprehensive article explores the multifaceted landscape of contemporary employee selection tools,examining their theoretical foundations,practical applications,psychological underpinnings,and empirical effectiveness.By systematically analyzing various selection methodologies,this research provides insights into the complex decision-making processes that organizations employ to identify,evaluate,and recruit top talent.The article critically evaluates the reliability,validity,advantages,and limitations of each selection tool,offering a nuanced perspective on their implementation and potential organizational impact.
文摘Thermal errors in CNC machine tools,particularly those involving the spindle,significantly affect machining accuracy and performance.These errors,caused by temperature fluctuations in the spindle and surrounding components,result in dimensional deviations that can lead to poor part quality and reduced precision in high-speed manufacturing processes.This paper explores thermal error modeling and compensation methods for the spindle of five-axis CNC machine tools.A detailed analysis of the heat generation,transfer mechanisms,and finite element analysis(FEA)is presented to develop accurate thermal error models.Compensation techniques,such as model-based methods,sensor-based methods,real-time compensation algorithms,and hybrid approaches,are critically reviewed.This study also discusses the challenges in real-time compensation and the integration of thermal error compensation with machine tool control systems.The objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of thermal error phenomena and their compensation strategies,ultimately contributing to the enhancement of machining accuracy in advanced manufacturing applications.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to systematically evaluate the measurement characteristics and methodological quality of childbirth experience assessment tools,with a view to informing the selection of healthcare professionals who can provide high-quality assessment tools.Method:A systematic search was performed on specific databases:PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,CINAHL,SinoMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),and Wanfang,from inception to February 29,2024.The researchers retrieved studies on the measurement attributes of the childbirth experience assessment tool,and traced back the references of the included studies to supplement relevant literature.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,screening and data extraction were independently undertaken by two reviewers.Two researchers individually used the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments(COSMIN)Risk of Bias Checklist to assess the methodological quality of the scale,applied the COSMIN criteria to evaluate the measurement properties of the scale,and used a modified Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system to assess the certainty of evidence.Result:A total of 15 studies were included to evaluate the psychometric properties of 11 childbirth experience assessment tools(including different language versions).Eight studies’methodological quality of content validity was doubtful,and the remaining studies did not report content validity.None of the tools reported measurement error,cross-cultural validity,or responsiveness.In light of the questionable or unreported content validity of the tools,the evidence quality was deemed moderate or below.Consequently,the 11 assessment tools were recommended as grade B.Conclusion:In contrast,the Questionnaire for Assessing the Childbirth Experience(QACE)is recommended for provisional use,given its relatively good methodological and measurement attributes and appropriate content for evaluation.However,further validation of other measurement properties is needed.
基金Interim Achievements of the“Yingying Technology Empowerment–Application-Oriented Talent Enhancement Project at Changchun College of Electronic Technology”under the Fourth Phase of the 2024 Ministry of Education’s Employment-Education Collaboration Project(Project Number:2024121188944Project Leader:Chunhua Ren)+3 种基金Interim Achievements of the“Directional Cultivation Project for Composite Talents at Changchun College of Electronic Technology”under the Fourth Phase of the 2024 Ministry of Education’s Supply-Demand Matching and Employment-Education Cultivation Program(Project Number:2024121107571Project Leader:Chunhua Ren)Interim Achievements of the“Research on the Cultivation Path of Craftsmanship Spirit among University Teachers in the Context of Industry-University Collaboration”under the 2025 Ministry of Education’s Industry-University Cooperative Education Project(Project Number:2505164755Project Leader:Chunhua Ren)。
文摘The paper aims to examine the application of multimedia technology in expanding vocabulary in second language acquisition.Incorporating innovative technology such as mobile applications,gaming applications,websites,and other related online tools has increased learners’vocabulary mastery,engagement,and motivation levels.Interactional processes like media-embedded objects,teach-learning capacity algorithms,and feedback help learners receive the course in a personalized way that considers individual learning patterns or abilities.However,there are the following challenges:accessibility issues,total reliance on technology,and issues related to privacy.The following challenges affecting learning that arise from using gadgets:the digital divide,limited device access,and environmental issues that may distract a learner in a technology-enabled environment.Moreover,the security issue for data and the ethical question of users’information remain important too.Hence,the paper provides arguments that although these technologies contribute significantly to vocabulary acquisition,the challenge that emerges should be addressed by integrating technology in teaching and learning alongside conventional methods for vocabulary acquisition,which is a practical language acquisition tool that should not be monopolized.
文摘An individual's mental health influences their capacity to think effectively,feel emotionally stable,and perform daily activities.As mental health concerns become more prevalent worldwide,new awareness and diagnostic and treatment tactics are needed.Digital tools and technology are helping solve these problems by providing scalable,tailored solutions for large populations.This detailed review examines mental health‐promoting internet tools.Smartphone applications,web‐based therapy systems,wearable tech,artificial intelligence‐powered resources,and virtual reality(VR)technologies were evaluated for efficacy and side effects.PubMed,PsycINFO,Scopus,IEEE Xplore,and Google Scholar were carefully searched.Search terms included“digital mental health tools,”“online therapy,”and“AI in mental health.”Randomized controlled trials,cohort studies,cross‐sectional studies,systematic reviews,and meta‐analyses of digital technology and mental health were included from among the literature published after 2010.Cognitive behavioral therapy methods,mood monitoring,and mindfulness exercises are among the numerous features of smartphone applications that have been demonstrated to mitigate symptoms of anxiety,depression,and tension.Online therapy platforms let marginalized individuals obtain therapy remotely.Wearable technology may detect heart rate,blood pressure,and sleep length,which may reveal mental health difficulties.Chatbots employ machine learning algorithms and natural language processing to deliver customized support and show promise for quick intervention.Exposure therapy for anxiety and trauma is increasingly using virtual reality environments.Although digital mental health therapies face challenges in relation to data privacy,limited long‐term efficacy,and technological inequality,digital technologies are modernizing mental healthcare.By offering inexpensive and effective alternatives to traditional therapies,digital technologies may help healthcare systems meet the growing demand for mental health services and overall well‐being.
文摘This article evaluates the transformative potential of large language models(LLMs)as patient education tools for managing inflammatory bowel disease.The discussion highlights their ability to deliver nuanced and personalized infor-mation,addressing limitations in traditional educational materials.Key consider-ations include the necessity for domain-specific fine-tuning to enhance accuracy,the adoption of robust evaluation metrics beyond readability,and the integration of LLMs with clinical decision support systems to improve real-time patient education.Ethical and accessibility challenges,such as algorithmic bias,data privacy,and digital literacy,are also examined.Recommendations emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize LLM integration,en-suring equitable access and improved patient outcomes.By advancing LLM technology,healthcare can empower patients with accurate and personalized information,enhancing engagement and disease management.
文摘To describe and analyze the current status of benefit-finding research in patients with chronic diseases and to provide a reference for clinical practice and future research in this field.Using Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology as a framework,we searched PubMed,Web of Science,Science Direct,and CINAHL(4 English databases);and China National Knowledge Infrastructure,the VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals,the Wan Fang Database and China Biomedical Database(4 Chinese databases)for literature on benefit finding in patients with chronic diseases,with a search time frame of construction to April 20,2024,and the literature was screened,extracted,and summarized.A total of 44 papers were included,comprising 18 in Chinese and 26 in English.Among them,a total of 19 assessment tools were used,and the influential factors investigated were categorized into socio-demographic characteristics,disease-related characteristics,psychological and behavioral characteristics,coping styles,and social support.Benefit finding is found to be a positive psychological experience and important for patients with chronic diseases,and the influencing factors are complex and diverse,with a wide range of assessment tools.However,domestic tools lack autonomy and specificity.Clinical caregivers and staff should develop relevant assessment tools and formulate a personalized research plan based on the characteristics of patients with chronic diseases in China to promote the adoption of healthy lifestyles by patients with chronic diseases,improve their self-management ability,and provide a practical basis for improving the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.
基金The 2024 Higher Education Teaching Reform Project of Guangdong University of Science and Technology,“Teaching Practice of Human Resource Management Course Based on SPOC+FC Hybrid Teaching Mode”(GKZLGC2024024)。
文摘With the rapid popularization of artificial intelligence technology in the field of higher education,college students are increasingly dependent on AI tools such as ChatGPT,automatic writing assistants,and intelligent translators.Behind the convenience and efficiency,a decline trend in students’core learning abilities such as autonomous learning ability,critical thinking ability,and knowledge construction ability has gradually emerged.This study aims to explore the interactive logical mechanism between college students’reliance on AI tools and the weakening of their learning abilities,and on this basis,propose practical and feasible educational intervention strategies.Research has found that while AI tools lower the learning threshold,they also weaken students’cognitive investment and independent thinking abilities,further intensifying their reliance on technology.In this regard,this paper proposes a three-dimensional intervention path based on guided usage,ability compensation,and value reconstruction to achieve the collaborative improvement of students’technical usage ability and learning ability.This research has certain theoretical value and practical enlightenment significance for solving the structural predicament of higher education in the intelligent era.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(Nos.2023C01166 and 2024SJCZX0046)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.LDT23E05013E05 and LD24E050009)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(No.2021J150),China.
文摘Accuracy allocation is crucial in the accuracy design of machining tools.Current accuracy allocation methods primarily focus on positional deviation,with little consideration for tool direction deviation.To address this issue,we propose a geometric error cost sensitivity-based accuracy allocation method for five-axis machine tools.A geometric error model consisting of 4l error components is constructed based on homogeneous transformation matrices.Volumetric points with positional and tool direction deviations are randomly sampled to evaluate the accuracy of the machine tool.The sensitivity of each error component at these sampling points is analyzed using the Sobol method.To balance the needs of geometric precision and manufacturing cost,a geometric error cost sensitivity function is developed to estimate the required cost.By allocating error components affecting tool direction deviation first and the remaining components second,this allocation scheme ensures that both deviations meet the requirements.We also perform numerical simulation of a BC-type(B-axis and C-axis type)five-axis machine tool to validate the method.The results show that the new allocation scheme reduces the total geometric error cost by 27.8%compared to a uniform allocation scheme,and yields the same positional and tool direction machining accuracies.
基金Projects(2010SK3172,2015JC3005)supported by the Key Program of Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province,China
文摘Copper, iron and cobalt based pre-alloyed powders for diamond tools were prepared by ultrahigh pressure water atomization（UPWA） process. Pre-alloyed powders prepared by different processes including UPWA, conventional water atomization （CWA） and elemental metal mechanical mixing （EMMM） were sintered to segments and then compared in mechanical properties, holding force between matrix and diamond, fracture morphology of blank and sintering diamond section containing matrix. The results showed that the pre-alloyed powder prepared by UPWA exhibits the best mechanical properties including the relative density, the hardness and the bending strength of matrix sinteredsegment. Sintered segments fractography of UPWA pre-alloyed powder indicatesmechanical mosaic strength and chemical bonding force between the pre-alloyed powder and the diamond, leading to the great increase in the holding force between matrix and diamond. The mechanical performance andthe service life of diamond tools were greatly improved by UPWA pre-alloyed powders.
