To comprehensively and systematically review the research achievements of transit-oriented development(TOD)typology,a total of 41 papers were collected from the Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases.Thes...To comprehensively and systematically review the research achievements of transit-oriented development(TOD)typology,a total of 41 papers were collected from the Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases.These papers were analyzed by bibliometric indicators,in adopting VOSviewer software to draw graphical visualizations.A review of international and domestic research progress in TOD typologies was conducted.The results indicate that the number of published papers has increased over time.Luca Bertolini is the most contributive author,and the top three contributing organizations are Queensland University of Technology,the University of Amsterdam,and the University of Lisbon.The United States is the most active source country,followed by the Netherlands and Australia.TOD typology methods were analyzed from the aspects of principles,indicators,advantages,and disadvantages and their applications.In recent years,domestic scholars have paid attention to the importance of TOD typologies and applied them in different urban contexts to facilitate the TOD development in China.The understanding of the TOD typology research progress is helpful for developing context-based TOD typology approaches.展开更多
Increasing calls for zero-carbon cities invite transformative solutions for people and places within our cities around the world. Key to the transformation is cities and regions shifting in mobility away from fossil-f...Increasing calls for zero-carbon cities invite transformative solutions for people and places within our cities around the world. Key to the transformation is cities and regions shifting in mobility away from fossil-fuel based car-oriented solutions. The paper investigates a range of case studies where “tram-based boulevards” have been planned or implemented to provide such opportunities. The case studies share a common broader policy objective: to transform the car-oriented or car-saturated areas to an intensified urban template based on a critical presence of dedicated mid-tier transit infrastructure and active transport. “Trams”, or mid-tier, mid-capacity transit when combined with Transit oriented development (TOD) along whole corridors can provide transformative pathways towards zero-carbon outcomes as well as multiple, strong urban benefits. However, many successful or instructive examples of this practice from non-English speaking countries, particularly in Europe, are underdocumented in the international literature. The paper addresses this gap by investigating opportunities and challenges evident in a range of European case studies. These are explored for insight towards policy learning particularly in New World cities seeking to transform into a zero-carbon and more transit-oriented template: How can decision-makers avoid repeating the identified pitfalls, and instead focus on emulating the successful approaches and outcomes? We conclude the need for recognition of the inherent synergies between transport and land use settings in any endeavour, and their translation into policy priorities in both fields of planning. We also conclude the importance of decision makers proactively identifying and critically appraising specific opportunities for change, concerning funding, technology, public opinion, stakeholder alliances or market dynamics, and capitalising on them at suitable moments in time.展开更多
Streets play a crucial role in the pedestrian catchment area(PCA)of metro stations.However,the large-scale quality measurement of street space and its influence on the vitality of station area have not been well revea...Streets play a crucial role in the pedestrian catchment area(PCA)of metro stations.However,the large-scale quality measurement of street space and its influence on the vitality of station area have not been well revealed.With multisource big data such as points of interest(POI),and street view images,a three-dimensional evaluation system based on the pyramid scene parsing network(PSPNet)and spatial design network analysis(sDNA)is constructed.73 metro stations in the Third Ring Road of Chengdu are chosen as research samples to carry out large-scale quantitative evaluation of street space in PCAs to reveal the quality characteristics of street space at the overall urban,PCA,and circle scales.Furthermore,this study constructs two multiple linear regression models of weekdays and weekends to explore the relationship between urban vitality and street space quality indicators.The results indicate a heterogeneous distribution of street quality on an urban scale.Streets located in the 300-500 m of PCAs rate highest in terms of convenience and the overall street space quality.The functionality dimension of street spaces in the sample PCAs of Chengdu present a gradient effect with the highest score of 0-300 m in the circle,while the comfortability dimension of streets shows an opposite trend.The multiple linear regression analysis show that street quality indicators are more explanatory of the weekday vitality than the weekend vitality.It indicates that well-connected street network,pleasant street scale,and abundant urban facilities have the greatest effect on urban vitality in the PCAs.The findings can provide new ideas for making targeted interventions in the urban design of metro station areas,to improve the quality of streets and foster urban vitality.展开更多
Numerous metropolises worldwide have adopted transit-oriented development(TOD)as a sustainable urban development tactic.And the node-place model is the most commonly used model for TOD typology.However,the spatial vit...Numerous metropolises worldwide have adopted transit-oriented development(TOD)as a sustainable urban development tactic.And the node-place model is the most commonly used model for TOD typology.However,the spatial vitality,one of the most fundamental aspects of TOD,has not been systematically taken into account in the node-place model.Therefore,this article introduces vitality as a third dimension into node-place model and develops the node-place-vitality(NPV)model,aiming to comprehensively re-classify and re-evaluate TOD performance.The independent weight coefficient method is used to compute place values,node values,vitality values,and overall TOD degree.Moreover,the categorization of TOD typologies makes use of the K-means++clustering approach.The model is employed in a case study in Wuhan,China.The results show that the TOD degree exhibits a spatial discrepancy,characterized as“high-medium-low”from the center to the periphery,not only in the whole city but also in the three towns.The geographical characteristics of TOD degree within station catchment area are revealed by the heat map.Five TOD types are identified and they present obvious spatial differentiation.The approach proposed in this paper furnishes urban planners and decision-makers with a scientific instrument for assisting TOD planning and strategies designing.展开更多
文摘To comprehensively and systematically review the research achievements of transit-oriented development(TOD)typology,a total of 41 papers were collected from the Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases.These papers were analyzed by bibliometric indicators,in adopting VOSviewer software to draw graphical visualizations.A review of international and domestic research progress in TOD typologies was conducted.The results indicate that the number of published papers has increased over time.Luca Bertolini is the most contributive author,and the top three contributing organizations are Queensland University of Technology,the University of Amsterdam,and the University of Lisbon.The United States is the most active source country,followed by the Netherlands and Australia.TOD typology methods were analyzed from the aspects of principles,indicators,advantages,and disadvantages and their applications.In recent years,domestic scholars have paid attention to the importance of TOD typologies and applied them in different urban contexts to facilitate the TOD development in China.The understanding of the TOD typology research progress is helpful for developing context-based TOD typology approaches.
文摘Increasing calls for zero-carbon cities invite transformative solutions for people and places within our cities around the world. Key to the transformation is cities and regions shifting in mobility away from fossil-fuel based car-oriented solutions. The paper investigates a range of case studies where “tram-based boulevards” have been planned or implemented to provide such opportunities. The case studies share a common broader policy objective: to transform the car-oriented or car-saturated areas to an intensified urban template based on a critical presence of dedicated mid-tier transit infrastructure and active transport. “Trams”, or mid-tier, mid-capacity transit when combined with Transit oriented development (TOD) along whole corridors can provide transformative pathways towards zero-carbon outcomes as well as multiple, strong urban benefits. However, many successful or instructive examples of this practice from non-English speaking countries, particularly in Europe, are underdocumented in the international literature. The paper addresses this gap by investigating opportunities and challenges evident in a range of European case studies. These are explored for insight towards policy learning particularly in New World cities seeking to transform into a zero-carbon and more transit-oriented template: How can decision-makers avoid repeating the identified pitfalls, and instead focus on emulating the successful approaches and outcomes? We conclude the need for recognition of the inherent synergies between transport and land use settings in any endeavour, and their translation into policy priorities in both fields of planning. We also conclude the importance of decision makers proactively identifying and critically appraising specific opportunities for change, concerning funding, technology, public opinion, stakeholder alliances or market dynamics, and capitalising on them at suitable moments in time.
基金funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M673222)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2023NSFSC0898)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52108021).
文摘Streets play a crucial role in the pedestrian catchment area(PCA)of metro stations.However,the large-scale quality measurement of street space and its influence on the vitality of station area have not been well revealed.With multisource big data such as points of interest(POI),and street view images,a three-dimensional evaluation system based on the pyramid scene parsing network(PSPNet)and spatial design network analysis(sDNA)is constructed.73 metro stations in the Third Ring Road of Chengdu are chosen as research samples to carry out large-scale quantitative evaluation of street space in PCAs to reveal the quality characteristics of street space at the overall urban,PCA,and circle scales.Furthermore,this study constructs two multiple linear regression models of weekdays and weekends to explore the relationship between urban vitality and street space quality indicators.The results indicate a heterogeneous distribution of street quality on an urban scale.Streets located in the 300-500 m of PCAs rate highest in terms of convenience and the overall street space quality.The functionality dimension of street spaces in the sample PCAs of Chengdu present a gradient effect with the highest score of 0-300 m in the circle,while the comfortability dimension of streets shows an opposite trend.The multiple linear regression analysis show that street quality indicators are more explanatory of the weekday vitality than the weekend vitality.It indicates that well-connected street network,pleasant street scale,and abundant urban facilities have the greatest effect on urban vitality in the PCAs.The findings can provide new ideas for making targeted interventions in the urban design of metro station areas,to improve the quality of streets and foster urban vitality.
基金supported by Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau(Grant No.2022010801020310)the Department of Education of Hubei Province(Grant No.22Q025)the Department of Culture and Tourism of Hubei Province(Grant No.HCYK2022Y08).
文摘Numerous metropolises worldwide have adopted transit-oriented development(TOD)as a sustainable urban development tactic.And the node-place model is the most commonly used model for TOD typology.However,the spatial vitality,one of the most fundamental aspects of TOD,has not been systematically taken into account in the node-place model.Therefore,this article introduces vitality as a third dimension into node-place model and develops the node-place-vitality(NPV)model,aiming to comprehensively re-classify and re-evaluate TOD performance.The independent weight coefficient method is used to compute place values,node values,vitality values,and overall TOD degree.Moreover,the categorization of TOD typologies makes use of the K-means++clustering approach.The model is employed in a case study in Wuhan,China.The results show that the TOD degree exhibits a spatial discrepancy,characterized as“high-medium-low”from the center to the periphery,not only in the whole city but also in the three towns.The geographical characteristics of TOD degree within station catchment area are revealed by the heat map.Five TOD types are identified and they present obvious spatial differentiation.The approach proposed in this paper furnishes urban planners and decision-makers with a scientific instrument for assisting TOD planning and strategies designing.
