The ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen (TOC:TN) and the stable carbon isotope ratio of organic matter (δ13Corg) are widely applied for inferring the origin of organic matter (OM) in Quaternary marine sed...The ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen (TOC:TN) and the stable carbon isotope ratio of organic matter (δ13Corg) are widely applied for inferring the origin of organic matter (OM) in Quaternary marine sediments. A plot of TOC:TN vs. δ13Corg is useful for such studies but is strongly based on qualitative constraints. This study is based on the qualitative characterization of the source of Quaternary OM via analysis of TOC:TN and δ13Corg signatures, but also proposes a probability parameter, which combines both signatures, to infer the amount of Terrestrial OM Input (TOMI). This index provides a method for quantifying the proportion of terrestrial OM vs. marine OMin a more comprehensive manner. The TOMI index concept was applied to a study area in theJoetsuBasin, eastern margin of theJapanSea, where previous studies have characterized theOMfrom the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present. The upwards increase in TOC indicates thatOMproduction during the Holocene was higher than during the LGM. The enriched δ13Corg signature upwards and decrease in TOC:TN suggest predominantly marine phytoplankton OM during the Holocene. Throughout the LGM, low OM production with depleted δ13Corg values and high TOC:TN values in the sediments suggest a predominantly C3 terrestrial plant source for the OM. Using these data, it was possible to calculate a proxy for a sea level variation curve during that period and to investigate the influence of the proximity of the coastal line to the continental slope on the input of terrestrial material to the basin. The proposal provides information for the application of sequence stratigraphic concepts. The TOMI index could confirm that the proximity to the shoreline and shelf break has a strong influence on the input of terrestrial material during lowstand periods.展开更多
PC10 4是测控领域常用的嵌入式硬件平台。在使用其作为在线 TOC分析仪的控制单元时 ,关键问题是选择一个适合的操作系统。根据在线 TOC分析仪的特点 ,操作系统应具备支持 X86系列处理器、支持多任务、支持 TCP/ IP网络协议、实时性要求...PC10 4是测控领域常用的嵌入式硬件平台。在使用其作为在线 TOC分析仪的控制单元时 ,关键问题是选择一个适合的操作系统。根据在线 TOC分析仪的特点 ,操作系统应具备支持 X86系列处理器、支持多任务、支持 TCP/ IP网络协议、实时性要求不高的特点。在PC10 4支持的 Microsoft族的操作系统中 ,嵌入式 Windows NT 4.0和 Windows CE都满足上述条件。 Windows CE是针对手持设备而设计 ,而嵌入式 Windows NT4.0是从 Win-dows NT4.0削减得到的 ,支持完整的 API,更加适合在线 TOC分析仪的设计。目标设计器和组件设计器是嵌入式 Windows NT 4.0的两个生成工具。它们是以模块化的方式削减 Windows NT4.0的内核 ,得到自定义的嵌入式 Windows NT4.0。在嵌入式Windows NT 4.0上进行应用软件开发 ,与通用软件开发的区别不大 ,从而可以加速产品市场化的速度。展开更多
The photo-induced antibacterial capacity of montmorillonite supported titanium dioxide （TiO2/Mmt for short） was evaluated by using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as modal organims. The bactericidal activ...The photo-induced antibacterial capacity of montmorillonite supported titanium dioxide （TiO2/Mmt for short） was evaluated by using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as modal organims. The bactericidal activity of TiO2/Mmt was examined by cell viability assay under different illumination modes. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） and total organic carbon/Total nitrogen （TOC/TN） analyses were employed to investigate the mechanism of the photocatalytic bactericidal process qualitatively and quantitatively. The kinetic data show that TiO2/Mmt has excellent antibacterial performance, and about 99% of both bacteria cells are inactivated within 75 rain illumination. The AFM images demonstrate that the bacterial cells are irreversibly decomposed and some cell components are dissolved. Therefore, the content and phase of carbon and nitrogen in the solution are changed after photocatalytic reaction.展开更多
文摘The ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen (TOC:TN) and the stable carbon isotope ratio of organic matter (δ13Corg) are widely applied for inferring the origin of organic matter (OM) in Quaternary marine sediments. A plot of TOC:TN vs. δ13Corg is useful for such studies but is strongly based on qualitative constraints. This study is based on the qualitative characterization of the source of Quaternary OM via analysis of TOC:TN and δ13Corg signatures, but also proposes a probability parameter, which combines both signatures, to infer the amount of Terrestrial OM Input (TOMI). This index provides a method for quantifying the proportion of terrestrial OM vs. marine OMin a more comprehensive manner. The TOMI index concept was applied to a study area in theJoetsuBasin, eastern margin of theJapanSea, where previous studies have characterized theOMfrom the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the present. The upwards increase in TOC indicates thatOMproduction during the Holocene was higher than during the LGM. The enriched δ13Corg signature upwards and decrease in TOC:TN suggest predominantly marine phytoplankton OM during the Holocene. Throughout the LGM, low OM production with depleted δ13Corg values and high TOC:TN values in the sediments suggest a predominantly C3 terrestrial plant source for the OM. Using these data, it was possible to calculate a proxy for a sea level variation curve during that period and to investigate the influence of the proximity of the coastal line to the continental slope on the input of terrestrial material to the basin. The proposal provides information for the application of sequence stratigraphic concepts. The TOMI index could confirm that the proximity to the shoreline and shelf break has a strong influence on the input of terrestrial material during lowstand periods.
文摘PC10 4是测控领域常用的嵌入式硬件平台。在使用其作为在线 TOC分析仪的控制单元时 ,关键问题是选择一个适合的操作系统。根据在线 TOC分析仪的特点 ,操作系统应具备支持 X86系列处理器、支持多任务、支持 TCP/ IP网络协议、实时性要求不高的特点。在PC10 4支持的 Microsoft族的操作系统中 ,嵌入式 Windows NT 4.0和 Windows CE都满足上述条件。 Windows CE是针对手持设备而设计 ,而嵌入式 Windows NT4.0是从 Win-dows NT4.0削减得到的 ,支持完整的 API,更加适合在线 TOC分析仪的设计。目标设计器和组件设计器是嵌入式 Windows NT 4.0的两个生成工具。它们是以模块化的方式削减 Windows NT4.0的内核 ,得到自定义的嵌入式 Windows NT4.0。在嵌入式Windows NT 4.0上进行应用软件开发 ,与通用软件开发的区别不大 ,从而可以加速产品市场化的速度。
基金Funded by the National "973" Program of MOST of China (No.2004CB619204)the Scientific and Technological Research Key Project,Ministry of Education of China (No. 02052)+1 种基金the National High Tech. "863"Program of China (No. 2007AA06Z100 )the Scientific and Technological Research Key Project (No. 2007AA06Z123 )
文摘The photo-induced antibacterial capacity of montmorillonite supported titanium dioxide （TiO2/Mmt for short） was evaluated by using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as modal organims. The bactericidal activity of TiO2/Mmt was examined by cell viability assay under different illumination modes. Atomic force microscopy （AFM） and total organic carbon/Total nitrogen （TOC/TN） analyses were employed to investigate the mechanism of the photocatalytic bactericidal process qualitatively and quantitatively. The kinetic data show that TiO2/Mmt has excellent antibacterial performance, and about 99% of both bacteria cells are inactivated within 75 rain illumination. The AFM images demonstrate that the bacterial cells are irreversibly decomposed and some cell components are dissolved. Therefore, the content and phase of carbon and nitrogen in the solution are changed after photocatalytic reaction.
