Entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility is concerned with obligations that should be undertaken by an enterprise or ＂enterprise citizen＂ to the society including interrelationship between enterprise and som...Entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility is concerned with obligations that should be undertaken by an enterprise or ＂enterprise citizen＂ to the society including interrelationship between enterprise and some related interest dependents. And it is a sense of value, discipline and respect to the people, community and environment-related policies of the enterprise. Obviously, the core of the notion refers to a commitment of the enterprise in order to improve living standard of related interest counterparts. Nowadays, entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility has been not only an ethical call, but also an institutional constraint. The consensus is that in operation process an enterprise should take into account of its economic, social and ethical effects on consumers, staffs, shareholders, communities, local governments and environment and make a better prospect to them. Based on this point of view, by field work and questionnaire method, this paper discusses specifically the interaction between TNCs＇ R＆D activities and local development of the Pudong New Area, a China＇s largest special economic zone in Shanghai to explore dynamics of the TNCs＇ R＆D activities, growth of the local economy and their roles in promoting flexible innovation networks for sustainable futures. This involves： a. notion of the entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility; b. current state and trend of TNCs＇ R＆D activities; c. mode and linkage tightness between TNCs＇ R＆D activities and the local economy; d. main problems of the TNCs＇ R＆D activities in Pudong; e. the context of flexible innovation networks; and f. manner and ways in creation of flexible innovation networks.展开更多
Over the last decade, the popularity of Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) as a mode of travel has been increasing at a steady pace. This trend <span style="font-family:Verdana;">highlights the im...Over the last decade, the popularity of Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) as a mode of travel has been increasing at a steady pace. This trend <span style="font-family:Verdana;">highlights the importance of identifying the determinants that influence transportati</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">on users to adopt TNCs as a preferred mode choice and the impacts of su</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ch preferences on their travel patterns and transportation network o</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">peration. This paper reports on a recent study undertaken in Birmingham, AL aiming at understanding and documenting the factors that influence transportation users to select TNCs (such as Uber/Lyft) for completing typical day trips. In </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">doing so, a travel diary questionnaire survey was developed in accordance with</span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Manual on Transportation Engineering Studies using the Qualtrics Research Core platform. The que</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">stionnair</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e was used to survey over 450 transportation users in the Birmingham Metro area. The survey participants provided detailed trip information for a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">typical 24-hr day along with demographic data and travel preference informatio</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">n. The survey responses provide high-resolution micro-level indicators </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of travel preferences and behaviors in a TNC-served area, which is a much-needed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">type of information for researchers and transportation planning agencies.</span>展开更多
目的探讨大黄-丹参药对(RS)调控肌腱蛋白C(TNC)/表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)/信号转导和转录活化因子3(STAT3)通路延缓单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)大鼠肾纤维化的机制。方法50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、尿毒清颗粒(阳性药,2.5 g·...目的探讨大黄-丹参药对(RS)调控肌腱蛋白C(TNC)/表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)/信号转导和转录活化因子3(STAT3)通路延缓单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)大鼠肾纤维化的机制。方法50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、尿毒清颗粒(阳性药,2.5 g·kg^(-1))组和RS低、高剂量(生药3.0、6.0 g·kg^(-1))组,每组10只。除假手术组外,其余各组大鼠采用UUO法制备肾间质纤维化模型。各给药组ig相应药物,假手术组、模型组ig等体积纯净水,连续14 d。代谢笼收集各组大鼠24 h尿液,腹主动脉取血分离血清,测定肌酐(Scr)和尿素氮(BUN)水平;酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测尿液和血清中TNC的水平;HE和Masson染色观察各大鼠肾组织病理形态学变化;实时荧光定量法(qRT-PCR)检测肾组织TNC、EGFR、STAT3、TGF-β、纤维连接蛋白(FN)和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的m RNA表达;蛋白免疫印记法(Western blotting)检测肾组织TNC、EGFR、STAT3和磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)的蛋白表达;免疫组化染色(IHC)观察肾组织TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3的阳性表达。SD大鼠ig RS(生药6.0 g·kg^(-1))或纯净水制备含药或空白血清;以人肾皮质近曲小管上皮(HK-2)细胞为研究对象,将细胞分为对照组、模型组(TGF-β10 ng·mL-1)、RS含药血清(10%)(RS)组、过表达阴性对照(NC-OE)组、TNC过表达(TNC-OE)组、TNC过表达+RS含药血清(10%)(TNC-OE+RS)组。按相应条件培养后,qRT-PCR检测各组细胞TNC、EGFR和STAT3 mRNA的表达,Western blotting检测TNC、EGFR、STAT3和p-STAT3的表达。结果体内实验结果表明,与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠血清Scr、BUN、TNC水平和尿液TNC水平均明显升高(P<0.01);肾组织病理损伤加重,肾纤维化评分显著升高(P<0.01);肾组织TNC、EGFR、STAT3、TGF-β、FN和α-SMA m RNA水平和TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平及其阳性表达占比均明显上调(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,RS低、高剂量组和尿毒清颗粒组大鼠血清Scr、BUN、TNC水平和尿液TNC水平均显著降低(P<0.01);肾组织损伤减轻,纤维化评分明显降低(P<0.01);肾组织TNC、EGFR、STAT3、TGF-β、FN和α-SMA m RNA水平和TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平及其阳性表达占比均显著下调(P<0.05、0.01)。细胞实验结果表明,与对照组相比,模型组细胞TNC、EGFR、STAT3 m RNA表达及TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组相比,RS组细胞TNC、EGFR、STAT3 m RNA表达及TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05、0.01)。与NC-OE组相比,TNC-OE组细胞TNC、EGFR、STAT3 m RNA表达及TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01);与TNC-OE组相比,TNC-OE+RS组细胞TNC、EGFR、STAT3 mRNA表达及TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.01)。结论RS能够从体内、外延缓肾纤维化的进展,其作用机制可能与调控TNC/EGFR/STAT3通路有关。展开更多
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP)is a rare cutaneous intermediate-grade soft tissue tumor characterized by COL1A1::PDGFB fusion in most cases.This fusion drives tumorigenesis and forms the basis for imatinib treat...Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP)is a rare cutaneous intermediate-grade soft tissue tumor characterized by COL1A1::PDGFB fusion in most cases.This fusion drives tumorigenesis and forms the basis for imatinib treatment,which acts by blocking platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta kinase activity.Apart from this canonical fusion,there is an expanding spectrum of rare fusions,including COL6A3::PDGFD,EMILIN::PDGFD,TNC::PDGFD,etc.,through mole-cular profiling.These atypical rearrangements may be encountered in morpho-logically classic DFSP,unusual anatomic sites,or diagnostically challenging variants such as fibrosarcomatous DFSP.Their recognition is clinically relevant,as they may influence tumor biology,response to targeted therapy,and eligibility for clinical trials.This newly documented DFSP involving the lacrimal sac was initially misdiagnosed as a solitary fibrous tumor,emphasizing the diagnostic pitfalls in anatomically constrained regions and the importance of integrated diagnosis combining histology,immunohistochemistry,and molecular testing.In this editorial commentary,we briefly highlight the ever-growing genomic land-scape of DFSP,report rare fusions and their biological implications,and examine the role of expanded molecular diagnostics in refining diagnosis,guiding therapy,and informing prognosis.Incorporating comprehensive fusion analysis into routine workup may be critical for accurate classification,especially in unusual presentations where reliance on morphology alone risks misdiagnosis.展开更多
文摘Entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility is concerned with obligations that should be undertaken by an enterprise or ＂enterprise citizen＂ to the society including interrelationship between enterprise and some related interest dependents. And it is a sense of value, discipline and respect to the people, community and environment-related policies of the enterprise. Obviously, the core of the notion refers to a commitment of the enterprise in order to improve living standard of related interest counterparts. Nowadays, entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility has been not only an ethical call, but also an institutional constraint. The consensus is that in operation process an enterprise should take into account of its economic, social and ethical effects on consumers, staffs, shareholders, communities, local governments and environment and make a better prospect to them. Based on this point of view, by field work and questionnaire method, this paper discusses specifically the interaction between TNCs＇ R＆D activities and local development of the Pudong New Area, a China＇s largest special economic zone in Shanghai to explore dynamics of the TNCs＇ R＆D activities, growth of the local economy and their roles in promoting flexible innovation networks for sustainable futures. This involves： a. notion of the entrepreneurship corporate social responsibility; b. current state and trend of TNCs＇ R＆D activities; c. mode and linkage tightness between TNCs＇ R＆D activities and the local economy; d. main problems of the TNCs＇ R＆D activities in Pudong; e. the context of flexible innovation networks; and f. manner and ways in creation of flexible innovation networks.
文摘Over the last decade, the popularity of Transportation Network Companies (TNCs) as a mode of travel has been increasing at a steady pace. This trend <span style="font-family:Verdana;">highlights the importance of identifying the determinants that influence transportati</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">on users to adopt TNCs as a preferred mode choice and the impacts of su</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ch preferences on their travel patterns and transportation network o</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">peration. This paper reports on a recent study undertaken in Birmingham, AL aiming at understanding and documenting the factors that influence transportation users to select TNCs (such as Uber/Lyft) for completing typical day trips. In </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">doing so, a travel diary questionnaire survey was developed in accordance with</span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Manual on Transportation Engineering Studies using the Qualtrics Research Core platform. The que</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">stionnair</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e was used to survey over 450 transportation users in the Birmingham Metro area. The survey participants provided detailed trip information for a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">typical 24-hr day along with demographic data and travel preference informatio</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">n. The survey responses provide high-resolution micro-level indicators </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of travel preferences and behaviors in a TNC-served area, which is a much-needed </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">type of information for researchers and transportation planning agencies.</span>
文摘目的探讨大黄-丹参药对(RS)调控肌腱蛋白C(TNC)/表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)/信号转导和转录活化因子3(STAT3)通路延缓单侧输尿管梗阻(UUO)大鼠肾纤维化的机制。方法50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、尿毒清颗粒(阳性药,2.5 g·kg^(-1))组和RS低、高剂量(生药3.0、6.0 g·kg^(-1))组,每组10只。除假手术组外,其余各组大鼠采用UUO法制备肾间质纤维化模型。各给药组ig相应药物,假手术组、模型组ig等体积纯净水,连续14 d。代谢笼收集各组大鼠24 h尿液,腹主动脉取血分离血清,测定肌酐(Scr)和尿素氮(BUN)水平;酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测尿液和血清中TNC的水平;HE和Masson染色观察各大鼠肾组织病理形态学变化;实时荧光定量法(qRT-PCR)检测肾组织TNC、EGFR、STAT3、TGF-β、纤维连接蛋白(FN)和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)的m RNA表达;蛋白免疫印记法(Western blotting)检测肾组织TNC、EGFR、STAT3和磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)的蛋白表达;免疫组化染色(IHC)观察肾组织TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3的阳性表达。SD大鼠ig RS(生药6.0 g·kg^(-1))或纯净水制备含药或空白血清;以人肾皮质近曲小管上皮(HK-2)细胞为研究对象,将细胞分为对照组、模型组(TGF-β10 ng·mL-1)、RS含药血清(10%)(RS)组、过表达阴性对照(NC-OE)组、TNC过表达(TNC-OE)组、TNC过表达+RS含药血清(10%)(TNC-OE+RS)组。按相应条件培养后,qRT-PCR检测各组细胞TNC、EGFR和STAT3 mRNA的表达,Western blotting检测TNC、EGFR、STAT3和p-STAT3的表达。结果体内实验结果表明,与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠血清Scr、BUN、TNC水平和尿液TNC水平均明显升高(P<0.01);肾组织病理损伤加重,肾纤维化评分显著升高(P<0.01);肾组织TNC、EGFR、STAT3、TGF-β、FN和α-SMA m RNA水平和TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平及其阳性表达占比均明显上调(P<0.01)。与模型组相比,RS低、高剂量组和尿毒清颗粒组大鼠血清Scr、BUN、TNC水平和尿液TNC水平均显著降低(P<0.01);肾组织损伤减轻,纤维化评分明显降低(P<0.01);肾组织TNC、EGFR、STAT3、TGF-β、FN和α-SMA m RNA水平和TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平及其阳性表达占比均显著下调(P<0.05、0.01)。细胞实验结果表明,与对照组相比,模型组细胞TNC、EGFR、STAT3 m RNA表达及TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组相比,RS组细胞TNC、EGFR、STAT3 m RNA表达及TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05、0.01)。与NC-OE组相比,TNC-OE组细胞TNC、EGFR、STAT3 m RNA表达及TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01);与TNC-OE组相比,TNC-OE+RS组细胞TNC、EGFR、STAT3 mRNA表达及TNC、EGFR、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.01)。结论RS能够从体内、外延缓肾纤维化的进展,其作用机制可能与调控TNC/EGFR/STAT3通路有关。
文摘Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP)is a rare cutaneous intermediate-grade soft tissue tumor characterized by COL1A1::PDGFB fusion in most cases.This fusion drives tumorigenesis and forms the basis for imatinib treatment,which acts by blocking platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta kinase activity.Apart from this canonical fusion,there is an expanding spectrum of rare fusions,including COL6A3::PDGFD,EMILIN::PDGFD,TNC::PDGFD,etc.,through mole-cular profiling.These atypical rearrangements may be encountered in morpho-logically classic DFSP,unusual anatomic sites,or diagnostically challenging variants such as fibrosarcomatous DFSP.Their recognition is clinically relevant,as they may influence tumor biology,response to targeted therapy,and eligibility for clinical trials.This newly documented DFSP involving the lacrimal sac was initially misdiagnosed as a solitary fibrous tumor,emphasizing the diagnostic pitfalls in anatomically constrained regions and the importance of integrated diagnosis combining histology,immunohistochemistry,and molecular testing.In this editorial commentary,we briefly highlight the ever-growing genomic land-scape of DFSP,report rare fusions and their biological implications,and examine the role of expanded molecular diagnostics in refining diagnosis,guiding therapy,and informing prognosis.Incorporating comprehensive fusion analysis into routine workup may be critical for accurate classification,especially in unusual presentations where reliance on morphology alone risks misdiagnosis.
