目的:药材天麻由于隶属于单子叶植物兰科天麻属,天麻中含有大量多糖、蛋白质以及大量次生代谢物质,使其提取的DNA质量不高,影响后续的PCR扩增。且ITS2通用引物在单子叶植物部分物种通用性很差。本研究通过对DNA提取过程、PCR扩增过程进...目的:药材天麻由于隶属于单子叶植物兰科天麻属,天麻中含有大量多糖、蛋白质以及大量次生代谢物质,使其提取的DNA质量不高,影响后续的PCR扩增。且ITS2通用引物在单子叶植物部分物种通用性很差。本研究通过对DNA提取过程、PCR扩增过程进行优化,设计出一对用于鉴别天麻药材的ITS2引物,为中药材天麻的鉴定提供一种新方法。方法:以通用ITS2引物扩增出的两条序列为研究对象,经Primer Premier 5.0设计出3对特异性引物,通过对22份样品进行研究,筛选出一条高特异性的ITS2引物。结果:在54℃的退火温度下,TM2F-2R对天麻的鉴定效率高达90.9%。结论:TM2F-2R可作为天麻ITS2序列的特异性引物,为天麻的分子鉴定提供了一套准确、稳定的鉴定方法。展开更多
Steatotic liver disease(SLD)encompasses a group of disorders characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in the liver.It is classified into four categories based on clinical manifestations:Metabolic dysfunction...Steatotic liver disease(SLD)encompasses a group of disorders characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in the liver.It is classified into four categories based on clinical manifestations:Metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD(MASLD),metabolic-alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD),ALD,and cryptogenic SLD.In the United States,its prevalence stands at 34.2%,making it the most common cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In addition to factors related to endocrine,nutrition,and medications,several genetic markers have been implicated in the disease's pathogenesis.Notable genes include PNPLA3,TM6SF2,GCKR,MBOAT7 and HSD17B13.These genetic polymorphisms can significantly impact prognosis and disease outcomes.For example,PNPLA3 is the most frequently associated gene with MASLD,increasing the risk of HCC by 12-fold and liver-related mortality by 18-fold.Furthermore,certain genetic markers are more prevalent in specific ethnic groups;for instance,PNPLA3 is common among Hispanics,while TM6SF2 is linked to higher fat content in African Americans.With a better understanding of the genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of SLD,significant advancements have been made in diagnostics and therapeutics.This review explores the role of genetic factors in the disease's development,discusses current advancements in non-invasive diagnostic modalities,and examines therapeutic improvements based on these genetic insights to achieve better outcomes.展开更多
文摘目的:药材天麻由于隶属于单子叶植物兰科天麻属,天麻中含有大量多糖、蛋白质以及大量次生代谢物质,使其提取的DNA质量不高,影响后续的PCR扩增。且ITS2通用引物在单子叶植物部分物种通用性很差。本研究通过对DNA提取过程、PCR扩增过程进行优化,设计出一对用于鉴别天麻药材的ITS2引物,为中药材天麻的鉴定提供一种新方法。方法:以通用ITS2引物扩增出的两条序列为研究对象,经Primer Premier 5.0设计出3对特异性引物,通过对22份样品进行研究,筛选出一条高特异性的ITS2引物。结果:在54℃的退火温度下,TM2F-2R对天麻的鉴定效率高达90.9%。结论:TM2F-2R可作为天麻ITS2序列的特异性引物,为天麻的分子鉴定提供了一套准确、稳定的鉴定方法。
文摘Steatotic liver disease(SLD)encompasses a group of disorders characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in the liver.It is classified into four categories based on clinical manifestations:Metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD(MASLD),metabolic-alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD),ALD,and cryptogenic SLD.In the United States,its prevalence stands at 34.2%,making it the most common cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In addition to factors related to endocrine,nutrition,and medications,several genetic markers have been implicated in the disease's pathogenesis.Notable genes include PNPLA3,TM6SF2,GCKR,MBOAT7 and HSD17B13.These genetic polymorphisms can significantly impact prognosis and disease outcomes.For example,PNPLA3 is the most frequently associated gene with MASLD,increasing the risk of HCC by 12-fold and liver-related mortality by 18-fold.Furthermore,certain genetic markers are more prevalent in specific ethnic groups;for instance,PNPLA3 is common among Hispanics,while TM6SF2 is linked to higher fat content in African Americans.With a better understanding of the genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of SLD,significant advancements have been made in diagnostics and therapeutics.This review explores the role of genetic factors in the disease's development,discusses current advancements in non-invasive diagnostic modalities,and examines therapeutic improvements based on these genetic insights to achieve better outcomes.
