The objective of this study was to examine the effects of potassium fertilizer (standard (S) and high (H) levels) on water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of timothy (Phleum pratense L.), silage fermentation, nutri...The objective of this study was to examine the effects of potassium fertilizer (standard (S) and high (H) levels) on water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of timothy (Phleum pratense L.), silage fermentation, nutritive values, and nutrient intake. The silage treatments were as follows: S level without inoculant (SC), S level plus inoculant (SI), H level without inoculant (HC), and H level plus inoculant (HI). The K content was increased by 14.5% in timothy grown with the H level compared with the S level. The WSC contents of the S and H treatments were 75.9 and 66.1 g·kg-1 dry matter (DM), respectively. The silage fermentation quality was low with both SC and HC treatments. The addition of inoculant significantly improved the fermentation quality in SI and HI treatments. The addition increased the DM and organic matter digestibilities of silage. The total digestible nutrient (TDN) content of silage was highest with the HI treatment. The DM, TDN, and digestible energy intakes with the SI and HI treatments were improved compared with the SC and HC treatments, respectively. This study demonstrated negligible effects of K fertilizer levels and significant effects of the lactic acid bacteria inoculant on the fermentation quality, nutritive values, and feed intake of silage.展开更多
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of addition of inoculant to high-nitrogen (N) fertilized timothy on fermentation, nutritive value, and feed intake of silage. The silage of timothy cultivated wit...The objective of this study was to examine the effects of addition of inoculant to high-nitrogen (N) fertilized timothy on fermentation, nutritive value, and feed intake of silage. The silage of timothy cultivated with a N fertilizer rate at two levels (high level (H), standard level (S)) was prepared with (SI, HI) or without (SC, HC) an inoculants. The CP content of H increased by 38 g·kg-1 DM compared with that of S, and the WSC and ADF contents decreased compared with those of S. Regarding the fermentation of silage, the pH and NH3-N ratio was significantly lower in the silage with inoculant (SI and HI), showing improvement of the fermentation compared with those of the silage without the addition (SC and HC). The CP content was significantly higher in HC and HI than in SC and SI, and the NDF content was the lowest in HI among the four treatments. The CP digestibility of HC and HI was significantly higher than those of SC and SI. The EE digestibility of SI was significantly higher than that of SC, and that of HI was significantly higher than that of HC. The DCP contents were significantly higher in HC and HI than in SC and SI. The TDN content was the lowest in SC and highest in HI. The DCP intakes of HC and HI were significantly higher than those of SC and SI. When the N fertilizer rate was increased, the DCP content and DCP intake of the silage increased, and the addition of inoculant improved the fermentation and increased the TDN content.展开更多
Timothy (Phleum pretense L.) pastures of 3 Total mixed ration (TMR) centers in Hokkaido were selected, the first cutting grasses were continuously collected from the same pastures on different harvest days over 4 year...Timothy (Phleum pretense L.) pastures of 3 Total mixed ration (TMR) centers in Hokkaido were selected, the first cutting grasses were continuously collected from the same pastures on different harvest days over 4 years (2011-2014), and changes in the water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content were analyzed to investigate the relationship with weather conditions. The harvest days in the 4-year period were June 17-22, June 24-26, June 27-30, and July 2-5, and grasses on these dates were designated as the harvest date groups. The weather data during the cutting period in each year were utilized. The WSC content tended to change yearly and it was significantly lower in the 4 groups (67.3 - 82.1 g/kg DM) in 2011 than in the groups (101.5 - 130.3 g/kg DM) in 2013 excluding the June 24-26 group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The WSC content tended to increase as the harvest date progressed in 2011-2013 and it significantly increased even though the harvest date was delayed only in 2013 (P < 0.01). It was suggested that differences in the WSC content among the years were related to the weather condition and dry matter yield of the grass.展开更多
希望未来看到中国做出更多有中国特色的设计,而不仅仅是苹果手机的制造工厂。2016年8月26日,上海设计之都活动周拉开帷幕。上海设计周的老朋友、享誉世界的工业设计师Timothy Jacob Jensen受邀出席此次活动,作为颁奖嘉宾的同时,带来题为...希望未来看到中国做出更多有中国特色的设计,而不仅仅是苹果手机的制造工厂。2016年8月26日,上海设计之都活动周拉开帷幕。上海设计周的老朋友、享誉世界的工业设计师Timothy Jacob Jensen受邀出席此次活动,作为颁奖嘉宾的同时,带来题为“Ethics and aesthetics-making a better world for everyone through design and internet（伦理与美学-设计和网络下的美丽世界）”的主题演讲。展开更多
Gene therapy and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are promising approaches to treating rare diseases by targeting specific genes. However, ASOs can have off-target effects that need careful consideration during devel...Gene therapy and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are promising approaches to treating rare diseases by targeting specific genes. However, ASOs can have off-target effects that need careful consideration during development. Researchers can add moieties like peptide nucleic acid or methoxyethyl-modified ribose sugars to enhance specificity and reduce toxicity. Current research suggests that challenges such as nonspecific action, interference at various stages, adverse reactions, and nuclease degradation may soon be manageable with advanced technologies. ASOs show particular promise in treating rare conditions like Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) and Timothy syndrome. Stereopure ASOs with repeated left-right patterns offer increased potency and half-life due to their resistance to nuclease activity and improved cellular uptake. This review explores how technological advancements can enhance the use of ASOs to manage various rare disease conditions effectively. Despite challenges in development and application, ASO therapy holds the potential to become a viable treatment option for a wide range of rare diseases. Advances in technology offer the possibility of increasing specificity and reducing toxicity, making ASO therapy a more effective and safe treatment option for patients with rare diseases.展开更多
毛泽东不仅属于中国,而且属于世界。长期以来,一大批国外学者对毛泽东研究保持着高度的关注与重视,并且取得了显著的研究成果。可以说,国外毛泽东研究在一定程度上是展现毛泽东在世界范围内反响的一个重要载体,并且它也构成了在异域传...毛泽东不仅属于中国,而且属于世界。长期以来,一大批国外学者对毛泽东研究保持着高度的关注与重视,并且取得了显著的研究成果。可以说,国外毛泽东研究在一定程度上是展现毛泽东在世界范围内反响的一个重要载体,并且它也构成了在异域传播毛泽东理论及其实践的重要平台。本期"毛泽东研究"专栏刊发了国外毛泽东研究著名专家、加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学亚洲研究院中国研究中心主任齐慕实(Timothy Cheek)教授关于毛泽东与毛泽东研究的学术访谈录。齐教授长期致力于毛泽东与中国近现代历史的研究,他出版了大量关于毛泽东的著述,诸如《毛泽东与中国革命:文献简史》(Mao Zedong and China’s Revolutions:A Brief History with Documents)(2002)《毛泽东:一个批判性导读》(A Critical Introduction to Mao)(2010)等。本刊特约记者提前将相关问题以英文形式提交齐教授,但鉴于齐教授扎实的中文功底,并且在他的建议下,本访谈主要是以中文交流为主,后期的整理与修改以英文通信为主。为了真实而全面地展现受访者关于毛泽东的整体性思考,我们仅仅进行了文字与表达上的相关技术性修改。"它山之石可以攻玉",批判地吸收、借鉴国外学者的研究成果,从根本上有助于毛泽东研究的深化与拓展。展开更多
著名的美国民族音乐学家蒂莫西·赖斯(Timothy Rice)为“牛津通识读本”(VERY SHORT INTRODUCTIONS)系列撰写的《民族音乐学》,是一部以学科观念、方法论深入学者实践和学术发展史的言简意赅的导论。该著分别从学科定义、学科简史...著名的美国民族音乐学家蒂莫西·赖斯(Timothy Rice)为“牛津通识读本”(VERY SHORT INTRODUCTIONS)系列撰写的《民族音乐学》,是一部以学科观念、方法论深入学者实践和学术发展史的言简意赅的导论。该著分别从学科定义、学科简史、研究方法论、音乐的性质、音乐与文化的关系、音乐家的个人研究、撰写音乐史、现代的民族音乐学,以及民族音乐学家的工作九个方面分章勾勒学科轮廓。作者以简洁的语言说明学术观点,使读者清晰并轻松地随其表述,走进丰富的民族音乐学世界。展开更多
文摘The objective of this study was to examine the effects of potassium fertilizer (standard (S) and high (H) levels) on water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content of timothy (Phleum pratense L.), silage fermentation, nutritive values, and nutrient intake. The silage treatments were as follows: S level without inoculant (SC), S level plus inoculant (SI), H level without inoculant (HC), and H level plus inoculant (HI). The K content was increased by 14.5% in timothy grown with the H level compared with the S level. The WSC contents of the S and H treatments were 75.9 and 66.1 g·kg-1 dry matter (DM), respectively. The silage fermentation quality was low with both SC and HC treatments. The addition of inoculant significantly improved the fermentation quality in SI and HI treatments. The addition increased the DM and organic matter digestibilities of silage. The total digestible nutrient (TDN) content of silage was highest with the HI treatment. The DM, TDN, and digestible energy intakes with the SI and HI treatments were improved compared with the SC and HC treatments, respectively. This study demonstrated negligible effects of K fertilizer levels and significant effects of the lactic acid bacteria inoculant on the fermentation quality, nutritive values, and feed intake of silage.
文摘The objective of this study was to examine the effects of addition of inoculant to high-nitrogen (N) fertilized timothy on fermentation, nutritive value, and feed intake of silage. The silage of timothy cultivated with a N fertilizer rate at two levels (high level (H), standard level (S)) was prepared with (SI, HI) or without (SC, HC) an inoculants. The CP content of H increased by 38 g·kg-1 DM compared with that of S, and the WSC and ADF contents decreased compared with those of S. Regarding the fermentation of silage, the pH and NH3-N ratio was significantly lower in the silage with inoculant (SI and HI), showing improvement of the fermentation compared with those of the silage without the addition (SC and HC). The CP content was significantly higher in HC and HI than in SC and SI, and the NDF content was the lowest in HI among the four treatments. The CP digestibility of HC and HI was significantly higher than those of SC and SI. The EE digestibility of SI was significantly higher than that of SC, and that of HI was significantly higher than that of HC. The DCP contents were significantly higher in HC and HI than in SC and SI. The TDN content was the lowest in SC and highest in HI. The DCP intakes of HC and HI were significantly higher than those of SC and SI. When the N fertilizer rate was increased, the DCP content and DCP intake of the silage increased, and the addition of inoculant improved the fermentation and increased the TDN content.
文摘Timothy (Phleum pretense L.) pastures of 3 Total mixed ration (TMR) centers in Hokkaido were selected, the first cutting grasses were continuously collected from the same pastures on different harvest days over 4 years (2011-2014), and changes in the water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) content were analyzed to investigate the relationship with weather conditions. The harvest days in the 4-year period were June 17-22, June 24-26, June 27-30, and July 2-5, and grasses on these dates were designated as the harvest date groups. The weather data during the cutting period in each year were utilized. The WSC content tended to change yearly and it was significantly lower in the 4 groups (67.3 - 82.1 g/kg DM) in 2011 than in the groups (101.5 - 130.3 g/kg DM) in 2013 excluding the June 24-26 group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The WSC content tended to increase as the harvest date progressed in 2011-2013 and it significantly increased even though the harvest date was delayed only in 2013 (P < 0.01). It was suggested that differences in the WSC content among the years were related to the weather condition and dry matter yield of the grass.
文摘希望未来看到中国做出更多有中国特色的设计,而不仅仅是苹果手机的制造工厂。2016年8月26日,上海设计之都活动周拉开帷幕。上海设计周的老朋友、享誉世界的工业设计师Timothy Jacob Jensen受邀出席此次活动,作为颁奖嘉宾的同时,带来题为“Ethics and aesthetics-making a better world for everyone through design and internet（伦理与美学-设计和网络下的美丽世界）”的主题演讲。
文摘Gene therapy and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are promising approaches to treating rare diseases by targeting specific genes. However, ASOs can have off-target effects that need careful consideration during development. Researchers can add moieties like peptide nucleic acid or methoxyethyl-modified ribose sugars to enhance specificity and reduce toxicity. Current research suggests that challenges such as nonspecific action, interference at various stages, adverse reactions, and nuclease degradation may soon be manageable with advanced technologies. ASOs show particular promise in treating rare conditions like Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) and Timothy syndrome. Stereopure ASOs with repeated left-right patterns offer increased potency and half-life due to their resistance to nuclease activity and improved cellular uptake. This review explores how technological advancements can enhance the use of ASOs to manage various rare disease conditions effectively. Despite challenges in development and application, ASO therapy holds the potential to become a viable treatment option for a wide range of rare diseases. Advances in technology offer the possibility of increasing specificity and reducing toxicity, making ASO therapy a more effective and safe treatment option for patients with rare diseases.
文摘毛泽东不仅属于中国,而且属于世界。长期以来,一大批国外学者对毛泽东研究保持着高度的关注与重视,并且取得了显著的研究成果。可以说,国外毛泽东研究在一定程度上是展现毛泽东在世界范围内反响的一个重要载体,并且它也构成了在异域传播毛泽东理论及其实践的重要平台。本期"毛泽东研究"专栏刊发了国外毛泽东研究著名专家、加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学亚洲研究院中国研究中心主任齐慕实(Timothy Cheek)教授关于毛泽东与毛泽东研究的学术访谈录。齐教授长期致力于毛泽东与中国近现代历史的研究,他出版了大量关于毛泽东的著述,诸如《毛泽东与中国革命:文献简史》(Mao Zedong and China’s Revolutions:A Brief History with Documents)(2002)《毛泽东:一个批判性导读》(A Critical Introduction to Mao)(2010)等。本刊特约记者提前将相关问题以英文形式提交齐教授,但鉴于齐教授扎实的中文功底,并且在他的建议下,本访谈主要是以中文交流为主,后期的整理与修改以英文通信为主。为了真实而全面地展现受访者关于毛泽东的整体性思考,我们仅仅进行了文字与表达上的相关技术性修改。"它山之石可以攻玉",批判地吸收、借鉴国外学者的研究成果,从根本上有助于毛泽东研究的深化与拓展。
文摘根据美国《华盛顿邮报》网站2016年9月11日报道,电脑芯片制造商高通公司（Qualcomm）与弗吉尼亚理工学院合作,投资创建了Thinkabit实验室（Thinkabit lab）。该实验室位于瀑布教堂的北弗吉尼亚分校,关注STEM课堂。弗吉尼亚理工学院院长蒂莫西·桑兹（Timothy Sands）希望该校变得更加灵活,以适应劳动力的发展需求。他认为,第一步就是让中学生对科学、技术、工程和数学（science,technology,engineering and math,STEM）产生兴趣。
文摘著名的美国民族音乐学家蒂莫西·赖斯(Timothy Rice)为“牛津通识读本”(VERY SHORT INTRODUCTIONS)系列撰写的《民族音乐学》,是一部以学科观念、方法论深入学者实践和学术发展史的言简意赅的导论。该著分别从学科定义、学科简史、研究方法论、音乐的性质、音乐与文化的关系、音乐家的个人研究、撰写音乐史、现代的民族音乐学,以及民族音乐学家的工作九个方面分章勾勒学科轮廓。作者以简洁的语言说明学术观点,使读者清晰并轻松地随其表述,走进丰富的民族音乐学世界。
