Musculoskeletal injuries are among the most common causes of disability worldwide,with early detection and appropriate intervention critical to minimizing long-term complications.Infrared thermography(IRT)has emerged ...Musculoskeletal injuries are among the most common causes of disability worldwide,with early detection and appropriate intervention critical to minimizing long-term complications.Infrared thermography(IRT)has emerged as a noninvasive,real-time imaging modality that captures superficial temperature changes reflecting underlying physiological processes such as inflammation and vascular alterations.This review explores the fundamental principles of medical thermography,differentiates between passive and active approaches,and outlines key technological advancements including artificial intelligence integration.The clinical utility of IRT is discussed in various contexts–ranging from acute soft tissue injuries and overuse syndromes to chronic pain and rehabilitation monitoring.Comparative insights with conventional imaging techniques such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are also presented.While IRT offers functional imaging capabilities with advantages in portability,safety,and speed,its limitations–such as lack of deep-tissue penetration and protocol standardization–remain significant barriers to broader adoption.Future directions include the integration of IRT with other imaging modalities and digital health platforms to enhance musculoskeletal assessment and injury prevention strategies.展开更多
The airborne diffusion of saliva droplets during respiratory activities is one of the major factors in the spread of infections.During the COVID-19 pandemic,the use of protective face masks was essential to reduce the...The airborne diffusion of saliva droplets during respiratory activities is one of the major factors in the spread of infections.During the COVID-19 pandemic,the use of protective face masks was essential to reduce the risk of infection and spread of SARS-CoV-2.The face mask is able to significantly reduce the saliva droplet emission in front of the person.However,the use of masks also produces a particle leakage towards the back of the person,which could increase the infection risk of people behind the subject.Most of the experimental investigations applied invasive and/or complex experimental techniques to evaluate the face masks leakage.The primary objective of this study is to develop a novel,non-invasive methodology for assessing rearward droplet emission associated with the use of protective face masks.Specifically,a thermographic analysis of the thermal footprint released during ordinary and extraordinary respiratory activities is presented,evaluating the maximum temperature,the detection time,and the spread area of the thermal footprint.Both surgical and FFP2 face masks were tested.Two different subjects were involved in the experimentation to evaluate the influence of face conformation.The findings indicate that the area influenced by droplet dispersion is larger when wearing a surgical mask compared to an FFP2 mask,with the highest recorded temperatures observed for the surgical mask.The thermal footprint was found to be strongly dependent on individual facial morphology and mask fit.Notably,the FFP2 mask also altered the position of the thermal footprint,which was primarily confined to the region near the neck.展开更多
The motivation of this paper is to explore the application of Step-Heating Thermography(SHT)as a technique capable of inspecting new composite rail carbodies using demanding requirements set by the rail manufacturing ...The motivation of this paper is to explore the application of Step-Heating Thermography(SHT)as a technique capable of inspecting new composite rail carbodies using demanding requirements set by the rail manufacturing industry.A large composite sample,with Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)artificial defects,replicating a side-wall section of a new rail carbody,was manufactured and inspected for surface and subsurface defects in this research.The sample,characterized by its large thickness,consists of a monolithic Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers(CFRP)component(20mm thickness)and a CFRP-PET foam-CFRP sandwich(40mm total thickness)component fused together.The main challenge of the inspection procedure was to apply reflection mode thermography and detect defects in the entire thickness of the sample that exhibits both low emissivity and thermal insulating properties,especially at the sandwich sections of the sample.The paper explored thermography procedures that would be able to detect large numbers of defects under one single acquisition and would be applied under an automated inspection process leading to the detection of defects only up to 5mm in the CFRP sections of the sample while no defects were able to be detected at the back skin of the sample.展开更多
Light-field multispectral radiation thermometry has emerged as a promising non-contact technique for twodimensional surface temperature measurement.However,its performance is still limited by temperature inversion alg...Light-field multispectral radiation thermometry has emerged as a promising non-contact technique for twodimensional surface temperature measurement.However,its performance is still limited by temperature inversion algorithms.In this work,we propose LFMP(light-field multispectral physics-embedded network),a physicsinformed neural network framework designed for temperature inversion in light-field multispectral thermography.The framework explicitly incorporates Planck's law and a reference temperature model into its architecture,thereby enforcing physical consistency and enhancing interpretability.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the use of infrared thermography technology for objective and quantitative syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),specifically in patients with Chaihu Guizhi ...Objective:To evaluate the use of infrared thermography technology for objective and quantitative syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),specifically in patients with Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction syndrome.Methods:Data were collected from over 100 patients diagnosed with Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction syndrome at Professor Li Leyu’s endocrinology clinic,Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Province,between April 2021 and April 2022.Body surface temperature data were obtained using the MTI-EXPRO-2013-B infrared thermography system.Principal component analysis(PCA)was applied to differentiate temperature distribution characteristics between genders,and a neural network prediction model was constructed for syndrome diagnosis.Results:Infrared thermography effectively captured surface temperature characteristics of patients with Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction syndrome.PCA identified one principal component with a variance explanation rate of 73.953%for females and two principal components with a cumulative variance explanation rate of 77.627%for males.The neural network model demonstrated high predictive performance,with an area under the ROC curve of 0.9743 for the training set and 0.9889 for the validation set.Sensitivity was 1,specificity 0.8636,precision 0.8846,accuracy 0.9333,and the F1 score 0.9388.Conclusion:Infrared thermography provides an innovative,objective,and quantitative method for syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM.It represents a significant advancement in transitioning from traditional empirical approaches to modern,visualized,and precise diagnosis and treatment.This study underscores the potential of integrating advanced technologies in TCM for enhanced clinical application and modernization.展开更多
Civil infrastructure is continuously subject to aging and deterioration due to multiple factors,which lead to a decline in performance and impact structural health.Accumulated damage on structures increases operationa...Civil infrastructure is continuously subject to aging and deterioration due to multiple factors,which lead to a decline in performance and impact structural health.Accumulated damage on structures increases operational costs and poses significant risks to public safety.Effective maintenance,repair,and rehabilitation strategies are needed to ensure civil infrastructure’s overall safety and reliability.Non-Destructive Evaluation(NDE)methods are utilized to assess latent damage and provide decision-makers with real-time information for mitigating hazards.Within the last decade,there has been a significant increase in the research and development of innovative NDE techniques to improve data processing and promote efficient and accurate infrastructure assessment.This paper aims to review one of those methods,namely,Infrared Thermography(IRT),and its applications in civil infrastructure.A comprehensive review is presented by investigating numerous journal articles,research papers,and technical reports describing numerous IRT applications for bridges,buildings,and general civil structures made from different materials.The capability of IRT to identify and pinpoint anomalies,typically in the early stages of degradation,has excellent potential to improve the safety and shore up the dependability of civil infrastructures while reducing expenses tied to maintenance and rehabilitation.Furthermore,the non-invasive nature of IRT is beneficial in mitigating disturbances and downtime that may occur during various inspection procedures.It is highlighted that IRT is a highly versatile and effective tool for infrastructure condition assessment.With further advancement and fine-tuning of the available techniques,it is likely that IRT will continue to gain significant popularity in maintaining and monitoring civil infrastructure.展开更多
Fatigue behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy electron beam welded joint undergoing cyclic loading was investigated by infrared thermography. Temperature evolution throughout a fatigue process was presented and the mechan...Fatigue behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy electron beam welded joint undergoing cyclic loading was investigated by infrared thermography. Temperature evolution throughout a fatigue process was presented and the mechanism of heat generationwas discussed. Fatigue limit of the welded joint was predicted and the fatigue damage was also assessed based ontheevolution of the temperatureand hotspot zone on the specimen surfaceduring fatigue tests. The presented results show that infrared thermography can not onlyquicklypredict the fatigue behavior of the welded joint, but also qualitatively identify the evolution of fatigue damage in real time. It is found that the predicted fatigue limit agrees well with the conventionalS-Nexperimental results. The evolution of the temperatureand hotspot zone on the specimen surface can be an effectivefatigue damage indicatorfor effectiveevaluationof magnesium alloy electron beam welded joint.展开更多
The method of infrared thermography to predict the temperature of the sulfide ores has a large error. To solve this problem, the temperature of the sulfide ores is measured by thermal infrared imager and recording the...The method of infrared thermography to predict the temperature of the sulfide ores has a large error. To solve this problem, the temperature of the sulfide ores is measured by thermal infrared imager and recording thermometric instrument contrastively. The main factors, including emissivity, distance, angle and dust concentration that affect the temperature measurement precision, are analyzed. The regression equations about the individual factors and comprehensive factors are obtained by analyzing test data. The application of the regression equations improves the precision of the thermal infrared imager. The geometric information lost in traditional infrared thermometry is determined by visualization grid method and interpolation method, the relationship between the infrared imager and geometry information is established. The geometry location can be measured exactly.展开更多
In order to capture the mechanism of roadway instability in deep mines, a new approach of Physically Finite Elemental Slab Assemblage (PFESA) is proposed in order to construct a large-scale physical model simulating t...In order to capture the mechanism of roadway instability in deep mines, a new approach of Physically Finite Elemental Slab Assemblage (PFESA) is proposed in order to construct a large-scale physical model simulating the geologically horizontal strata. We carried out physical modeling on the deformation and failure processes of roadways subjected to a plane loading scheme. Our laboratory tests were based on work which incorporated infrared (IR) detection, IR radiation temperature (IRT) statistics, image feature extraction and 2D Fourier transformation, from resulting thermographies. The IRT characterizes the mechanical responses from the roadway after loading with two stages, i.e., IRT evolving at higher levels corresponded to shallow mining (≤500 m) during which the roadway deformed gradually (referred to as the "steady deformation stage"); IRT evolving in a quasi-cyclical manner with multiple peaks corresponded to deep mining (800–2600 m), in which the failure mode for the roadway are dominated by breakage and collapse (called the "unsteady deformation stage"). The IR images and 2D Fourier spectra illustrate detailed information in terms of initiation, nucleation and coalescence of the damage to rock masses and the eventual failure of roadways subject to external loading.展开更多
The feasibility of electromagnetically stimulated thermography non-destructive testing(NDT)for the detection of defects in metallic conductive materials has been carried out by finite element analysis.Aluminum plates ...The feasibility of electromagnetically stimulated thermography non-destructive testing(NDT)for the detection of defects in metallic conductive materials has been carried out by finite element analysis.Aluminum plates with defects of different diameters,depths,locations,shapes and orientation with respect to eddy current are numerically investigated.ANSYS software is used to solve the coupled electromagnetic and temperature field equations.The peak temperatures on the top surface of circular defects with different diameters and depths are calculated at varying excitation frequencies.It is demonstrated that the obtained temperature inreases with increase of the defect diameter and decrease of its depth.The dependence of the temperature over the top surface of the defect on its location and orientation is also presented.The results indicate that we can detect the subsurface defect and estimate its depth and location by choosing a suitable coil-specimen configuration.展开更多
During manufacturing and operation, different kinds of defects, e.g., delamination or surface cracks, may be generated in the plasma-facing components (PFCs) of a Tokamak device. To ensure the safety of the PFCs, vari...During manufacturing and operation, different kinds of defects, e.g., delamination or surface cracks, may be generated in the plasma-facing components (PFCs) of a Tokamak device. To ensure the safety of the PFCs, various kinds of nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques are needed for different defect and failure mode. This paper gives a review of the recently developed ultrasonic testing (UT) and laser thermography methods for inspection of the delamination and surface cracks in PFCs. For monoblock W/Cu PFCs of divertor, the bonding quality at both W-Cu and Cu- CuCrZr interfaces was qualified by using UT with a focus probe during manufacturing. A noncontact, coupling-free and flexible ultrasonic scanning testing system with use of an electromagnetic acoustic transducer and a robotic inspection manipulator was introduced then for the in-vessel inspection of delamination defect in first wall (FW). A laser infrared thermography testing method is highlighted for the on-line inspection of delamination defect in FW through the vacuum vessel window of the Tokamak reactor. Finally, a new laser spot thermography method using laser spot array source was described for the online inspection of the surface cracks in FW.展开更多
The fatigue behavior during high cycle fatigue testing and the tensile behavior of 5A06 aluminum alloy considering the anisotropy were studied.Two types of specimens including longitudinal specimen（parallel to the ro...The fatigue behavior during high cycle fatigue testing and the tensile behavior of 5A06 aluminum alloy considering the anisotropy were studied.Two types of specimens including longitudinal specimen（parallel to the rolling direction） and transverse specimen（perpendicular to the rolling direction） were prepared.Infrared thermography was employed to monitor the temperature evolution during the fatigue and tensile tests.The temperature evolution curves in the two directions were contrastively analyzed.It is found that the temperature evolution during fatigue process possesses four stages：initial temperature rise stage,slow temperature decline stage,rapid temperature rise stage,and finial temperature decline stage.The heat generating mechanisms of the four stages are discussed.Obvious differences can be found between the longitudinal specimen and transverse specimen in fatigue strength and fatigue life.The fatigue strength and fatigue life of longitudinal specimen are higher than those of transverse specimen.During the tensile and fatigue testing process,the fracture temperature in the transverse direction are higher than that in the longitudinal direction.The fatigue strength prediction by means of infrared thermography has a good consistency with that by the traditional method.展开更多
Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting social,communicative,and repetitive behavior.The phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD makes timely and accurate diagnosis challenging,requiring highly...Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting social,communicative,and repetitive behavior.The phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD makes timely and accurate diagnosis challenging,requiring highly trained clinical practitioners.The development of automated approaches to ASD classification,based on integrated psychophysiological measures,may one day help expedite the diagnostic process.This paper provides a novel contribution for classifing ASD using both thermographic and EEG data.The methodology used in this study extracts a variety of feature sets and evaluates the possibility of using several learning models.Mean,standard deviation,and entropy values of the EEG signals and mean temperature values of regions of interest(ROIs)in facial thermographic images were extracted as features.Feature selection is performed to filter less informative features based on correlation.The classification process utilizes Naive Bayes,random forest,logistic regression,and multi-layer perceptron algorithms.The integration of EEG and thermographic features have achieved an accuracy of 94%with both logistic regression and multi-layer perceptron classifiers.The results have shown that the classification accuracies of most of the learning models have increased after integrating facial thermographic data with EEG.展开更多
Manual inspections of infrastructures such as highway bridge, pavement, dam, and multistoried garage ceiling are time consuming, sometimes can be life threatening, and costly. An automated computerized system can redu...Manual inspections of infrastructures such as highway bridge, pavement, dam, and multistoried garage ceiling are time consuming, sometimes can be life threatening, and costly. An automated computerized system can reduce time, faulty inspection, and cost of inspection. In this study, we developed a computer model using deep learning Convolution Neural Network (CNN), which can be used to automatically detect the crack and non-crack type structure. The goal of this research is to allow application of state-of-the-art deep neural network and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technologies for highway bridge girder inspection. As a pilot study of implementing deep learning in Bridge Girder, we study the recognition, length, and location of crack in the structure of the UTC campus old garage concrete ceiling slab. A total of 2086 images of crack and non-crack were taken from UTC Old Library parking garage ceiling using handheld mobile phone and drone. After training the model shows 98% accuracy with crack and non-crack types of structures.展开更多
The heat generation behaviors of fatigue crack are deeply investigated under different preload forces combing numerical simulation and experiment.Firstly,a multi-contact simulation model is applied to stimulate the cr...The heat generation behaviors of fatigue crack are deeply investigated under different preload forces combing numerical simulation and experiment.Firstly,a multi-contact simulation model is applied to stimulate the crack surfaces contact and the horn-sample contact under ultrasonic excitation for calculating the temperature fields.Then,the ultrasonic infrared thermography testing and the microscope testing are carried out for the heat generation and the plastic deformation behaviors of crack region under different preload forces.On this basis,an indirect observation method based on dots distribution is proposed to estimate the plastic deformation on crack contact surfaces.The obtained results show that the temperature rise of crack region increases with the increase of preload force when the preload force is less than 250 N,while the temperature rise rapidly declines due to the plastic deformation on crack contact surfaces and the inhibition effect when the preload force is 280 N.Moreover,the plastic deformation does not lead to the crack propagation,but reduces the detection repeatability of fatigue crack.This work provides an effective method for optimizing testing conditions in practical testing processes,which will be helpful to the establishment of testing standards for batches of test objects in ultrasonic infrared thermography testing.展开更多
This paper describes flow visualization techniques employing surface oil flow and liquid crystal thermography suitable for use in impulse wind tunnels.High spatial resolution photographs of oil flow patterns and liqui...This paper describes flow visualization techniques employing surface oil flow and liquid crystal thermography suitable for use in impulse wind tunnels.High spatial resolution photographs of oil flow patterns and liquid crystal thermograms have been obtained within test times ranging from 7 to 500 ms and have been shown to be very useful for revealing the detailed features of 3-D separated flow.The results from oil flow patterns,liquid crystal thermograms,schlieren photographs and heat flux measurements are shown to be in good agreement.展开更多
The eddy current pulsed thermography(ECPT)technique is a research focus in the non-destructive testing(NDT)area for defect inspection.Defect feature extraction for defect information analysis in ECPT is limited by ima...The eddy current pulsed thermography(ECPT)technique is a research focus in the non-destructive testing(NDT)area for defect inspection.Defect feature extraction for defect information analysis in ECPT is limited by image contrast,heat diffusion,background interference,etc.In this paper,a defect feature extraction approach in ECPT has been proposed to improve the quality of defect features,which is based on image partition,local sparse component evaluation,and feature fusion.This method can extract complete defect features by enhancing the defect area and removing background interference,such as noises and heating coil.Two typical steel specimens are utilized to testify the validity of the proposed approach.Compared with other three common feature extraction algorithms in ECPT,the proposed method can reserve more complete defect features and suppress more background interference.展开更多
This paper sums up the determining analysis of the measuring location of Treflusing a thermocouple during the thermography tests.Laboratory temperature distribution testing methods,analysis of value and location of Tre...This paper sums up the determining analysis of the measuring location of Treflusing a thermocouple during the thermography tests.Laboratory temperature distribution testing methods,analysis of value and location of Treflmeasurement are explained in this paper.The heat source is two halogen lamps of 500 watts eachfitted at a distance of 30–50 cm.Noises appearing during testing of thermography are corrected with measured T_(refl) value.The results of thermogram correction of corroded concrete surfaces using T_(refl) values are displayed in this paper too.The concrete surface temperature results of quantitative image processing method are compared to the experimental test results.The results showed good accuracy,which was seen from most errors<3%and the maximum error is<5%.The end of paper,explained of application Treflvalue to the corroded reinforced concrete thermogram.展开更多
In the field of plant protection,certain methods for assessing the current pest situation and implementing appropriate protection countermeasures can effectively protect plants while saving manpower and material resou...In the field of plant protection,certain methods for assessing the current pest situation and implementing appropriate protection countermeasures can effectively protect plants while saving manpower and material resources.However,current pest monitoring methods are primarily based on the stage of"seeing,hand checking,disc shooting and net catching",and the level of automation is low.Manual methods are time-consuming,prone to error,and difficult to review.We designed a method based on infrared thermography principle for counting Ricania guttata(Walker),a pest which is harmful to mangrove plants.This method,which is based on thermal infrared images and binarized image segmentation,realizes image processing of surface temperature,effectively distinguishes pests and sticky board,automatically counts the number of pests,and expands the data source based on image processing.Furthermore,this method contributes to the solution of the problem that counting error of insect close to the color of sticky board is greater in image recognition of visible light,when the pest color is close to the stick board.It can facilitate manual investigation of mangrove pests,simply and efficiently count the number of pests on the stick board,and provide data and technical support for pest condition analysis and control.展开更多
In this paper, the use of a signal to noise ratio (SNR) is proposed for the quantification of the goodness of some selected processing techniques of thermographic images, such as differentiated absolute contrast, skew...In this paper, the use of a signal to noise ratio (SNR) is proposed for the quantification of the goodness of some selected processing techniques of thermographic images, such as differentiated absolute contrast, skewness and kurtosis based algorithms, pulsed phase transform, principal component analysis and thermographic signal reconstruction. A new hybrid technique is also applied (PhAC—Phase absolute contrast), it combines three different processing techniques: phase absolute contrast, pulsed phase thermography and thermographic signal reconstruction. The quality of the results is established on the basis of the values of the parameter SNR, assessed for the present defects in the analyzed specimen, which enabled to quantify and compare their identification and the quality of the results of the employed technique.展开更多
文摘Musculoskeletal injuries are among the most common causes of disability worldwide,with early detection and appropriate intervention critical to minimizing long-term complications.Infrared thermography(IRT)has emerged as a noninvasive,real-time imaging modality that captures superficial temperature changes reflecting underlying physiological processes such as inflammation and vascular alterations.This review explores the fundamental principles of medical thermography,differentiates between passive and active approaches,and outlines key technological advancements including artificial intelligence integration.The clinical utility of IRT is discussed in various contexts–ranging from acute soft tissue injuries and overuse syndromes to chronic pain and rehabilitation monitoring.Comparative insights with conventional imaging techniques such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are also presented.While IRT offers functional imaging capabilities with advantages in portability,safety,and speed,its limitations–such as lack of deep-tissue penetration and protocol standardization–remain significant barriers to broader adoption.Future directions include the integration of IRT with other imaging modalities and digital health platforms to enhance musculoskeletal assessment and injury prevention strategies.
文摘The airborne diffusion of saliva droplets during respiratory activities is one of the major factors in the spread of infections.During the COVID-19 pandemic,the use of protective face masks was essential to reduce the risk of infection and spread of SARS-CoV-2.The face mask is able to significantly reduce the saliva droplet emission in front of the person.However,the use of masks also produces a particle leakage towards the back of the person,which could increase the infection risk of people behind the subject.Most of the experimental investigations applied invasive and/or complex experimental techniques to evaluate the face masks leakage.The primary objective of this study is to develop a novel,non-invasive methodology for assessing rearward droplet emission associated with the use of protective face masks.Specifically,a thermographic analysis of the thermal footprint released during ordinary and extraordinary respiratory activities is presented,evaluating the maximum temperature,the detection time,and the spread area of the thermal footprint.Both surgical and FFP2 face masks were tested.Two different subjects were involved in the experimentation to evaluate the influence of face conformation.The findings indicate that the area influenced by droplet dispersion is larger when wearing a surgical mask compared to an FFP2 mask,with the highest recorded temperatures observed for the surgical mask.The thermal footprint was found to be strongly dependent on individual facial morphology and mask fit.Notably,the FFP2 mask also altered the position of the thermal footprint,which was primarily confined to the region near the neck.
文摘The motivation of this paper is to explore the application of Step-Heating Thermography(SHT)as a technique capable of inspecting new composite rail carbodies using demanding requirements set by the rail manufacturing industry.A large composite sample,with Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)artificial defects,replicating a side-wall section of a new rail carbody,was manufactured and inspected for surface and subsurface defects in this research.The sample,characterized by its large thickness,consists of a monolithic Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers(CFRP)component(20mm thickness)and a CFRP-PET foam-CFRP sandwich(40mm total thickness)component fused together.The main challenge of the inspection procedure was to apply reflection mode thermography and detect defects in the entire thickness of the sample that exhibits both low emissivity and thermal insulating properties,especially at the sandwich sections of the sample.The paper explored thermography procedures that would be able to detect large numbers of defects under one single acquisition and would be applied under an automated inspection process leading to the detection of defects only up to 5mm in the CFRP sections of the sample while no defects were able to be detected at the back skin of the sample.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12572325,12172222,22227901,62305184)Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(2023A1515012932)Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(JCYJ20241202123919027)。
文摘Light-field multispectral radiation thermometry has emerged as a promising non-contact technique for twodimensional surface temperature measurement.However,its performance is still limited by temperature inversion algorithms.In this work,we propose LFMP(light-field multispectral physics-embedded network),a physicsinformed neural network framework designed for temperature inversion in light-field multispectral thermography.The framework explicitly incorporates Planck's law and a reference temperature model into its architecture,thereby enforcing physical consistency and enhancing interpretability.
基金Zhongshan Science and Technology Bureau Project“The Application of Infrared Thermography in the Syndrome Differentiation of Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction”(Project No.2021B1066)Zhongshan Science and Technology Bureau Project“Exploring the Diagnostic Approach of the TCM Syndrome Type‘Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction’Based on Infrared Thermal Imaging Systems and Digital Modeling Methods of Ancient and Modern Literature”(Project No.2022B1131)。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the use of infrared thermography technology for objective and quantitative syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),specifically in patients with Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction syndrome.Methods:Data were collected from over 100 patients diagnosed with Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction syndrome at Professor Li Leyu’s endocrinology clinic,Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Province,between April 2021 and April 2022.Body surface temperature data were obtained using the MTI-EXPRO-2013-B infrared thermography system.Principal component analysis(PCA)was applied to differentiate temperature distribution characteristics between genders,and a neural network prediction model was constructed for syndrome diagnosis.Results:Infrared thermography effectively captured surface temperature characteristics of patients with Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction syndrome.PCA identified one principal component with a variance explanation rate of 73.953%for females and two principal components with a cumulative variance explanation rate of 77.627%for males.The neural network model demonstrated high predictive performance,with an area under the ROC curve of 0.9743 for the training set and 0.9889 for the validation set.Sensitivity was 1,specificity 0.8636,precision 0.8846,accuracy 0.9333,and the F1 score 0.9388.Conclusion:Infrared thermography provides an innovative,objective,and quantitative method for syndrome differentiation and treatment in TCM.It represents a significant advancement in transitioning from traditional empirical approaches to modern,visualized,and precise diagnosis and treatment.This study underscores the potential of integrating advanced technologies in TCM for enhanced clinical application and modernization.
文摘Civil infrastructure is continuously subject to aging and deterioration due to multiple factors,which lead to a decline in performance and impact structural health.Accumulated damage on structures increases operational costs and poses significant risks to public safety.Effective maintenance,repair,and rehabilitation strategies are needed to ensure civil infrastructure’s overall safety and reliability.Non-Destructive Evaluation(NDE)methods are utilized to assess latent damage and provide decision-makers with real-time information for mitigating hazards.Within the last decade,there has been a significant increase in the research and development of innovative NDE techniques to improve data processing and promote efficient and accurate infrastructure assessment.This paper aims to review one of those methods,namely,Infrared Thermography(IRT),and its applications in civil infrastructure.A comprehensive review is presented by investigating numerous journal articles,research papers,and technical reports describing numerous IRT applications for bridges,buildings,and general civil structures made from different materials.The capability of IRT to identify and pinpoint anomalies,typically in the early stages of degradation,has excellent potential to improve the safety and shore up the dependability of civil infrastructures while reducing expenses tied to maintenance and rehabilitation.Furthermore,the non-invasive nature of IRT is beneficial in mitigating disturbances and downtime that may occur during various inspection procedures.It is highlighted that IRT is a highly versatile and effective tool for infrastructure condition assessment.With further advancement and fine-tuning of the available techniques,it is likely that IRT will continue to gain significant popularity in maintaining and monitoring civil infrastructure.
基金Project(51305292)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20105429001)supported by the National Aeronautical Science Foundation of China
文摘Fatigue behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy electron beam welded joint undergoing cyclic loading was investigated by infrared thermography. Temperature evolution throughout a fatigue process was presented and the mechanism of heat generationwas discussed. Fatigue limit of the welded joint was predicted and the fatigue damage was also assessed based ontheevolution of the temperatureand hotspot zone on the specimen surfaceduring fatigue tests. The presented results show that infrared thermography can not onlyquicklypredict the fatigue behavior of the welded joint, but also qualitatively identify the evolution of fatigue damage in real time. It is found that the predicted fatigue limit agrees well with the conventionalS-Nexperimental results. The evolution of the temperatureand hotspot zone on the specimen surface can be an effectivefatigue damage indicatorfor effectiveevaluationof magnesium alloy electron beam welded joint.
基金Project (51074181) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (2010ssxt241) supported by Precious Dissertation Innovation Foundation of Central South University, China
文摘The method of infrared thermography to predict the temperature of the sulfide ores has a large error. To solve this problem, the temperature of the sulfide ores is measured by thermal infrared imager and recording thermometric instrument contrastively. The main factors, including emissivity, distance, angle and dust concentration that affect the temperature measurement precision, are analyzed. The regression equations about the individual factors and comprehensive factors are obtained by analyzing test data. The application of the regression equations improves the precision of the thermal infrared imager. The geometric information lost in traditional infrared thermometry is determined by visualization grid method and interpolation method, the relationship between the infrared imager and geometry information is established. The geometry location can be measured exactly.
基金Projects 2006CB202200 supported by the Special Funds for the Major State Basic Research ProjectIRT0656 by the Innovative Team Development Project of the State Educational Ministry of China
文摘In order to capture the mechanism of roadway instability in deep mines, a new approach of Physically Finite Elemental Slab Assemblage (PFESA) is proposed in order to construct a large-scale physical model simulating the geologically horizontal strata. We carried out physical modeling on the deformation and failure processes of roadways subjected to a plane loading scheme. Our laboratory tests were based on work which incorporated infrared (IR) detection, IR radiation temperature (IRT) statistics, image feature extraction and 2D Fourier transformation, from resulting thermographies. The IRT characterizes the mechanical responses from the roadway after loading with two stages, i.e., IRT evolving at higher levels corresponded to shallow mining (≤500 m) during which the roadway deformed gradually (referred to as the "steady deformation stage"); IRT evolving in a quasi-cyclical manner with multiple peaks corresponded to deep mining (800–2600 m), in which the failure mode for the roadway are dominated by breakage and collapse (called the "unsteady deformation stage"). The IR images and 2D Fourier spectra illustrate detailed information in terms of initiation, nucleation and coalescence of the damage to rock masses and the eventual failure of roadways subject to external loading.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51075388)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2009KJ05)
文摘The feasibility of electromagnetically stimulated thermography non-destructive testing(NDT)for the detection of defects in metallic conductive materials has been carried out by finite element analysis.Aluminum plates with defects of different diameters,depths,locations,shapes and orientation with respect to eddy current are numerically investigated.ANSYS software is used to solve the coupled electromagnetic and temperature field equations.The peak temperatures on the top surface of circular defects with different diameters and depths are calculated at varying excitation frequencies.It is demonstrated that the obtained temperature inreases with increase of the defect diameter and decrease of its depth.The dependence of the temperature over the top surface of the defect on its location and orientation is also presented.The results indicate that we can detect the subsurface defect and estimate its depth and location by choosing a suitable coil-specimen configuration.
基金the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Program of China(Grant 2013GB113005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants51577139 and 11502192)for funding
文摘During manufacturing and operation, different kinds of defects, e.g., delamination or surface cracks, may be generated in the plasma-facing components (PFCs) of a Tokamak device. To ensure the safety of the PFCs, various kinds of nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques are needed for different defect and failure mode. This paper gives a review of the recently developed ultrasonic testing (UT) and laser thermography methods for inspection of the delamination and surface cracks in PFCs. For monoblock W/Cu PFCs of divertor, the bonding quality at both W-Cu and Cu- CuCrZr interfaces was qualified by using UT with a focus probe during manufacturing. A noncontact, coupling-free and flexible ultrasonic scanning testing system with use of an electromagnetic acoustic transducer and a robotic inspection manipulator was introduced then for the in-vessel inspection of delamination defect in first wall (FW). A laser infrared thermography testing method is highlighted for the on-line inspection of delamination defect in FW through the vacuum vessel window of the Tokamak reactor. Finally, a new laser spot thermography method using laser spot array source was described for the online inspection of the surface cracks in FW.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51175364,51505322)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province of China(No.2013011014-3)
文摘The fatigue behavior during high cycle fatigue testing and the tensile behavior of 5A06 aluminum alloy considering the anisotropy were studied.Two types of specimens including longitudinal specimen（parallel to the rolling direction） and transverse specimen（perpendicular to the rolling direction） were prepared.Infrared thermography was employed to monitor the temperature evolution during the fatigue and tensile tests.The temperature evolution curves in the two directions were contrastively analyzed.It is found that the temperature evolution during fatigue process possesses four stages：initial temperature rise stage,slow temperature decline stage,rapid temperature rise stage,and finial temperature decline stage.The heat generating mechanisms of the four stages are discussed.Obvious differences can be found between the longitudinal specimen and transverse specimen in fatigue strength and fatigue life.The fatigue strength and fatigue life of longitudinal specimen are higher than those of transverse specimen.During the tensile and fatigue testing process,the fracture temperature in the transverse direction are higher than that in the longitudinal direction.The fatigue strength prediction by means of infrared thermography has a good consistency with that by the traditional method.
基金This work was supported by Old Dominion University,Norfolk,Virginia and University of Moratuwa,Sri Lanka.
文摘Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting social,communicative,and repetitive behavior.The phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD makes timely and accurate diagnosis challenging,requiring highly trained clinical practitioners.The development of automated approaches to ASD classification,based on integrated psychophysiological measures,may one day help expedite the diagnostic process.This paper provides a novel contribution for classifing ASD using both thermographic and EEG data.The methodology used in this study extracts a variety of feature sets and evaluates the possibility of using several learning models.Mean,standard deviation,and entropy values of the EEG signals and mean temperature values of regions of interest(ROIs)in facial thermographic images were extracted as features.Feature selection is performed to filter less informative features based on correlation.The classification process utilizes Naive Bayes,random forest,logistic regression,and multi-layer perceptron algorithms.The integration of EEG and thermographic features have achieved an accuracy of 94%with both logistic regression and multi-layer perceptron classifiers.The results have shown that the classification accuracies of most of the learning models have increased after integrating facial thermographic data with EEG.
文摘Manual inspections of infrastructures such as highway bridge, pavement, dam, and multistoried garage ceiling are time consuming, sometimes can be life threatening, and costly. An automated computerized system can reduce time, faulty inspection, and cost of inspection. In this study, we developed a computer model using deep learning Convolution Neural Network (CNN), which can be used to automatically detect the crack and non-crack type structure. The goal of this research is to allow application of state-of-the-art deep neural network and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technologies for highway bridge girder inspection. As a pilot study of implementing deep learning in Bridge Girder, we study the recognition, length, and location of crack in the structure of the UTC campus old garage concrete ceiling slab. A total of 2086 images of crack and non-crack were taken from UTC Old Library parking garage ceiling using handheld mobile phone and drone. After training the model shows 98% accuracy with crack and non-crack types of structures.
基金Project(2019M650262)supported by the China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(92060106)supported by the Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(201803U8003)supported by the China Aeronautical Science Foundation。
文摘The heat generation behaviors of fatigue crack are deeply investigated under different preload forces combing numerical simulation and experiment.Firstly,a multi-contact simulation model is applied to stimulate the crack surfaces contact and the horn-sample contact under ultrasonic excitation for calculating the temperature fields.Then,the ultrasonic infrared thermography testing and the microscope testing are carried out for the heat generation and the plastic deformation behaviors of crack region under different preload forces.On this basis,an indirect observation method based on dots distribution is proposed to estimate the plastic deformation on crack contact surfaces.The obtained results show that the temperature rise of crack region increases with the increase of preload force when the preload force is less than 250 N,while the temperature rise rapidly declines due to the plastic deformation on crack contact surfaces and the inhibition effect when the preload force is 280 N.Moreover,the plastic deformation does not lead to the crack propagation,but reduces the detection repeatability of fatigue crack.This work provides an effective method for optimizing testing conditions in practical testing processes,which will be helpful to the establishment of testing standards for batches of test objects in ultrasonic infrared thermography testing.
文摘This paper describes flow visualization techniques employing surface oil flow and liquid crystal thermography suitable for use in impulse wind tunnels.High spatial resolution photographs of oil flow patterns and liquid crystal thermograms have been obtained within test times ranging from 7 to 500 ms and have been shown to be very useful for revealing the detailed features of 3-D separated flow.The results from oil flow patterns,liquid crystal thermograms,schlieren photographs and heat flux measurements are shown to be in good agreement.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.51607024 and No.61671109.
文摘The eddy current pulsed thermography(ECPT)technique is a research focus in the non-destructive testing(NDT)area for defect inspection.Defect feature extraction for defect information analysis in ECPT is limited by image contrast,heat diffusion,background interference,etc.In this paper,a defect feature extraction approach in ECPT has been proposed to improve the quality of defect features,which is based on image partition,local sparse component evaluation,and feature fusion.This method can extract complete defect features by enhancing the defect area and removing background interference,such as noises and heating coil.Two typical steel specimens are utilized to testify the validity of the proposed approach.Compared with other three common feature extraction algorithms in ECPT,the proposed method can reserve more complete defect features and suppress more background interference.
基金This research was supported by the P3MI Research Grants.Thanks to Prof.Herlien D Setio as authors who received the grant.
文摘This paper sums up the determining analysis of the measuring location of Treflusing a thermocouple during the thermography tests.Laboratory temperature distribution testing methods,analysis of value and location of Treflmeasurement are explained in this paper.The heat source is two halogen lamps of 500 watts eachfitted at a distance of 30–50 cm.Noises appearing during testing of thermography are corrected with measured T_(refl) value.The results of thermogram correction of corroded concrete surfaces using T_(refl) values are displayed in this paper too.The concrete surface temperature results of quantitative image processing method are compared to the experimental test results.The results showed good accuracy,which was seen from most errors<3%and the maximum error is<5%.The end of paper,explained of application Treflvalue to the corroded reinforced concrete thermogram.
文摘In the field of plant protection,certain methods for assessing the current pest situation and implementing appropriate protection countermeasures can effectively protect plants while saving manpower and material resources.However,current pest monitoring methods are primarily based on the stage of"seeing,hand checking,disc shooting and net catching",and the level of automation is low.Manual methods are time-consuming,prone to error,and difficult to review.We designed a method based on infrared thermography principle for counting Ricania guttata(Walker),a pest which is harmful to mangrove plants.This method,which is based on thermal infrared images and binarized image segmentation,realizes image processing of surface temperature,effectively distinguishes pests and sticky board,automatically counts the number of pests,and expands the data source based on image processing.Furthermore,this method contributes to the solution of the problem that counting error of insect close to the color of sticky board is greater in image recognition of visible light,when the pest color is close to the stick board.It can facilitate manual investigation of mangrove pests,simply and efficiently count the number of pests on the stick board,and provide data and technical support for pest condition analysis and control.
文摘In this paper, the use of a signal to noise ratio (SNR) is proposed for the quantification of the goodness of some selected processing techniques of thermographic images, such as differentiated absolute contrast, skewness and kurtosis based algorithms, pulsed phase transform, principal component analysis and thermographic signal reconstruction. A new hybrid technique is also applied (PhAC—Phase absolute contrast), it combines three different processing techniques: phase absolute contrast, pulsed phase thermography and thermographic signal reconstruction. The quality of the results is established on the basis of the values of the parameter SNR, assessed for the present defects in the analyzed specimen, which enabled to quantify and compare their identification and the quality of the results of the employed technique.
