Objective: Smad7 was identified as a TGF-β-inducible antagonist of TGF-β signaling and might participate in a negative feedback loop to control TGF-β signaling. In this study, the responsiveness of Smad7 to TGF-β1...Objective: Smad7 was identified as a TGF-β-inducible antagonist of TGF-β signaling and might participate in a negative feedback loop to control TGF-β signaling. In this study, the responsiveness of Smad7 to TGF-β1 was examined in the BEP2D and BERP35T-2 cells to investigate the possible mechanism of Smad7 in the tumorigenesis. Methods: Northern and western blot were performed to exam the Smad7 and TGF-β1 expression abundance in BEP2D and BERP35T-2 at both transcription and translation level. Results: The expression level of Smad7 mRNA in BERP35T-2 cells was higher than that in BEP2D cells. When stimulated with TGF-β1, Smad7 expression was up-regulated evidently in BEP2D cells, but not significantly in BERP35T-2 cells. The abundance of TGF-β1 in the cytoplasm of BERP35T-2 was not significantly higher than in BEP2D (P>0.05); whereas the abundance of TGF-β1 in BERP35T-2 cell culture medium was significantly higher than in BEP2D cell culture medium (P<0.05). Conclusion: Over expression of Smad7 mRNA and down-regulation of the cells’ responsiveness to TGF-β1 in human lung cancer cell line might be involved in lung carcinogenisis.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus is categorized as a major metabolic disease. Hyperglycemia is the populest mediator. The oxygen radicals＇ production or the peroxide production in the mitochondria is preceded as a possible mechanis...Diabetes mellitus is categorized as a major metabolic disease. Hyperglycemia is the populest mediator. The oxygen radicals＇ production or the peroxide production in the mitochondria is preceded as a possible mechanism. TGF-beta is characterized as the main protagonist. TGF-b is a molecular mediator with adherent and hypertrophic properties in diabetic nephropathy. 20 Balb/c male and female mice were used. They were separated in two age groups, one of 4 weeks old （childhood, n= 10） and one of 6 weeks old （puberty, n=10）. An immunochemical study for TGF-beta was undertaken. The basal petal of the external membrane of Bowmen is thickened. In significant percentage the basal membrane was thickened and the peduncles merge together. Mature sperm cells were not normal. The two age groups did not present significant differences in morphology of the exocrine pancreatic cells. The augmented levels of TGF-beta expression promote the increased proliferation of the pancreatic glandular cells, the derangement of differentiation and the apoptosis rhythm. The renal function is diminished sooner than the clinical manifestations. The testicles are less influenced concerning principally the spermiogenesis.展开更多
Objective: To observe the effects of Irbesartan combined with Atorvastatin on early diabetic nephropathy patients' serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET and TGF-b1 levels. Methods: A total of 60 early diabetic nephropathy ...Objective: To observe the effects of Irbesartan combined with Atorvastatin on early diabetic nephropathy patients' serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET and TGF-b1 levels. Methods: A total of 60 early diabetic nephropathy patients were randomly divided into observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). Observation group: Irbesartan combined with Atorvastatin;control group: patients were treated only by Irbesartan. Recording and comparing the levels of Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET and TGF-b1 before and after treatment. Results: (1) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the serum FBG, TG, Scr, BUN levels between the two groups. After treatment, compared with the same group before treatment, the serum TG, Scr, BUN levels of the two groups were significantly lower, and those levels of observation group were significantly better than the control group, the difference between two groups was statistically significant;(2) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET, TGF-b1 levels between the two groups. After treatment, compared with the same group before treatment, the serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET, TGF-b1 levels of the two groups were significantly lower, and those levels of observation group were significantly better than the control group, the difference between two groups was statistically significant. Conclusion: Irbesartan combined with Atorvastatin for early diabetic nephropathy patients can reduce the levels of serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET, TGF-b1 and be beneficial to protect their nephritic function.展开更多
Renal fibrogenesis is related to the development of diabetic nephropathy.TGF-b receptor II(TGF-b RII)plays a vital role during renal fibrogenesis by phosphorylation and activation of type I receptors and downstream re...Renal fibrogenesis is related to the development of diabetic nephropathy.TGF-b receptor II(TGF-b RII)plays a vital role during renal fibrogenesis by phosphorylation and activation of type I receptors and downstream regulators.Nicousamide is a 1.1 class of drug,which can inhibit renal fibrosis in animal models of diabetic nephropathy.After cloning and purification of TGF-b RII,an in vitro substrate phosphorylation assay was set up to investigate the ability of nicousamide to inhibit phosphorylation and formation of cellular downstream proteins.Our results validate nicousamide as a potent inhibitor of phosphorylation of TGF-b RII.展开更多
Since its rediscovery in the mid-1990s,FOXP31 regulatory T cells(Tregs)have climbed the rank to become commander-in-chief of the immune system.They possess diverse power and ability to orchestrate the immune system in...Since its rediscovery in the mid-1990s,FOXP31 regulatory T cells(Tregs)have climbed the rank to become commander-in-chief of the immune system.They possess diverse power and ability to orchestrate the immune system in time of inflammation and infection as well as in time of harmony and homeostasis.To be the commander-in-chief,they must be equipped with both offensive and defensive weaponry.This review will focus on the function of transforming growth factor-b(TGF-b)as the sword,the wand,and the shield of Tregs.Functioning as a sword,this review will begin with a discussion of the evidence that supports how Tregs utilize TGFb to paralyze cell activation and differentiation to suppress immune response.It will next provide evidence on how TGF-b from Tregs acts as a wand to convert naıve T cells into iTregs and Th17 to aid in their combat against inflammation and infection.Lastly,the review will present evidence on the role of TGF-b produced by Tregs in providing a shield to protect and maintain Tregs against apoptosis and destabilization when surrounded by inflammation and constant stimulation.This triadic function of TGF-b empowers Tregs with the responsibility and burden to maintain homeostasis,promote immune tolerance,and regulate host defense against foreign pathogens.展开更多
Objective To investigate the effets of nordihydroguaiaretic acid(NDGA)on the expression of IL-6,IL-17and TGF-βin mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Methods C57BL/6 mice were immunized with MOG35...Objective To investigate the effets of nordihydroguaiaretic acid(NDGA)on the expression of IL-6,IL-17and TGF-βin mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Methods C57BL/6 mice were immunized with MOG35-55 to induce EAE.The 54 mice were randomly and equally divided into control group,model group and treatment group.Mice in treatment展开更多
基金supported by the National“973”Key Basic Research Program of China(No.G1998051207)
文摘Objective: Smad7 was identified as a TGF-β-inducible antagonist of TGF-β signaling and might participate in a negative feedback loop to control TGF-β signaling. In this study, the responsiveness of Smad7 to TGF-β1 was examined in the BEP2D and BERP35T-2 cells to investigate the possible mechanism of Smad7 in the tumorigenesis. Methods: Northern and western blot were performed to exam the Smad7 and TGF-β1 expression abundance in BEP2D and BERP35T-2 at both transcription and translation level. Results: The expression level of Smad7 mRNA in BERP35T-2 cells was higher than that in BEP2D cells. When stimulated with TGF-β1, Smad7 expression was up-regulated evidently in BEP2D cells, but not significantly in BERP35T-2 cells. The abundance of TGF-β1 in the cytoplasm of BERP35T-2 was not significantly higher than in BEP2D (P>0.05); whereas the abundance of TGF-β1 in BERP35T-2 cell culture medium was significantly higher than in BEP2D cell culture medium (P<0.05). Conclusion: Over expression of Smad7 mRNA and down-regulation of the cells’ responsiveness to TGF-β1 in human lung cancer cell line might be involved in lung carcinogenisis.
文摘Diabetes mellitus is categorized as a major metabolic disease. Hyperglycemia is the populest mediator. The oxygen radicals＇ production or the peroxide production in the mitochondria is preceded as a possible mechanism. TGF-beta is characterized as the main protagonist. TGF-b is a molecular mediator with adherent and hypertrophic properties in diabetic nephropathy. 20 Balb/c male and female mice were used. They were separated in two age groups, one of 4 weeks old （childhood, n= 10） and one of 6 weeks old （puberty, n=10）. An immunochemical study for TGF-beta was undertaken. The basal petal of the external membrane of Bowmen is thickened. In significant percentage the basal membrane was thickened and the peduncles merge together. Mature sperm cells were not normal. The two age groups did not present significant differences in morphology of the exocrine pancreatic cells. The augmented levels of TGF-beta expression promote the increased proliferation of the pancreatic glandular cells, the derangement of differentiation and the apoptosis rhythm. The renal function is diminished sooner than the clinical manifestations. The testicles are less influenced concerning principally the spermiogenesis.
基金The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation(number:2015172B022).
文摘Objective: To observe the effects of Irbesartan combined with Atorvastatin on early diabetic nephropathy patients' serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET and TGF-b1 levels. Methods: A total of 60 early diabetic nephropathy patients were randomly divided into observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). Observation group: Irbesartan combined with Atorvastatin;control group: patients were treated only by Irbesartan. Recording and comparing the levels of Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET and TGF-b1 before and after treatment. Results: (1) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the serum FBG, TG, Scr, BUN levels between the two groups. After treatment, compared with the same group before treatment, the serum TG, Scr, BUN levels of the two groups were significantly lower, and those levels of observation group were significantly better than the control group, the difference between two groups was statistically significant;(2) Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET, TGF-b1 levels between the two groups. After treatment, compared with the same group before treatment, the serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET, TGF-b1 levels of the two groups were significantly lower, and those levels of observation group were significantly better than the control group, the difference between two groups was statistically significant. Conclusion: Irbesartan combined with Atorvastatin for early diabetic nephropathy patients can reduce the levels of serum Cys C, Hcy, TNF-α, ET, TGF-b1 and be beneficial to protect their nephritic function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Program(Grant No.30672493).
文摘Renal fibrogenesis is related to the development of diabetic nephropathy.TGF-b receptor II(TGF-b RII)plays a vital role during renal fibrogenesis by phosphorylation and activation of type I receptors and downstream regulators.Nicousamide is a 1.1 class of drug,which can inhibit renal fibrosis in animal models of diabetic nephropathy.After cloning and purification of TGF-b RII,an in vitro substrate phosphorylation assay was set up to investigate the ability of nicousamide to inhibit phosphorylation and formation of cellular downstream proteins.Our results validate nicousamide as a potent inhibitor of phosphorylation of TGF-b RII.
基金The research provided in this manuscript was supported by the Department of Pedi atrics,The University of T exas Health Science Center at Houston.
文摘Since its rediscovery in the mid-1990s,FOXP31 regulatory T cells(Tregs)have climbed the rank to become commander-in-chief of the immune system.They possess diverse power and ability to orchestrate the immune system in time of inflammation and infection as well as in time of harmony and homeostasis.To be the commander-in-chief,they must be equipped with both offensive and defensive weaponry.This review will focus on the function of transforming growth factor-b(TGF-b)as the sword,the wand,and the shield of Tregs.Functioning as a sword,this review will begin with a discussion of the evidence that supports how Tregs utilize TGFb to paralyze cell activation and differentiation to suppress immune response.It will next provide evidence on how TGF-b from Tregs acts as a wand to convert naıve T cells into iTregs and Th17 to aid in their combat against inflammation and infection.Lastly,the review will present evidence on the role of TGF-b produced by Tregs in providing a shield to protect and maintain Tregs against apoptosis and destabilization when surrounded by inflammation and constant stimulation.This triadic function of TGF-b empowers Tregs with the responsibility and burden to maintain homeostasis,promote immune tolerance,and regulate host defense against foreign pathogens.
文摘Objective To investigate the effets of nordihydroguaiaretic acid(NDGA)on the expression of IL-6,IL-17and TGF-βin mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).Methods C57BL/6 mice were immunized with MOG35-55 to induce EAE.The 54 mice were randomly and equally divided into control group,model group and treatment group.Mice in treatment
