Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)employs the Na^(+)transporter HvHKT1;1,which is an N^(+)-selective transporter.This study characterized the full-length HvHKT1;1(HvHKT1;1-FL)and three mRNA variants(HvHKT1;1-V1,-V2,and-V3),wh...Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)employs the Na^(+)transporter HvHKT1;1,which is an N^(+)-selective transporter.This study characterized the full-length HvHKT1;1(HvHKT1;1-FL)and three mRNA variants(HvHKT1;1-V1,-V2,and-V3),which encode polypeptides of 64.7,54.0,40.5,and 32.9 kDa,respectively.Tissue-specific expression profiling revealed that HvHKT1;1-FL is the most abundant transcript across leaf,sheath,and root tissues under normal conditions,with the highest expression in leaves.Under 150 mM NaCl stress,HvHKT1;1-FL and its variants showed a dynamic,time-dependent expression pattern,with peak leaf expression at 2 h,sheath expression at 12 h,and root expression at 2 h,suggesting their roles in early stress response.Functional analysis using two-electrode voltage-clamp measurements demonstrated thatHvHKT1;1-FL is highly selective for Na^(+),withminimal conductance for K^(+),Li^(+),Rb^(+),or Cs^(+).It demonstrated high Na^(+)transport efficiency,characterized by higher Vmax and lower Km values,while the variants showed reducedNa^(+)currents,lowerVmax,and higherKmvalues,indicating decreasedNa^(+)transport capacity.Reversal potential analyses further confirmed Na^(+)selectivity,with HvHKT1;1-FL displaying the strongest preference for Na^(+).Notably,while all variants retained Na^(+)selectivity,they showed reduced efficiency,as indicated by a more negative reversal potential in low Na^(+)conditions.These findings highlight the functional diversity among HvHKT1;1 variants,with HvHKT1;1-FL playing a dominant role in Na^(+)transport.The tissue-specific regulation of these variants under salinity stress underscores their importance in barley’s adaptive responses.展开更多
The Indian meal moth,Plodia interpunctella(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae),a globally distributed storage pest,relies on odors that are emitted from stored foods to select a suitable substrate for oviposition.However,the molec...The Indian meal moth,Plodia interpunctella(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae),a globally distributed storage pest,relies on odors that are emitted from stored foods to select a suitable substrate for oviposition.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the chemical communication between P.interpunctella and its host remains elusive.In this study,130 chemosensory genes were identified from the transcriptomes of 7 P.interpunctella tissues,and the quantitative expression levels of all 56 P.interpunctella odorant receptor genes(PintORs)were validated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The functional characteristics of 5 PintORs with female antennae-biased expression were investigated using 2-electrode voltage clamp recordings in Xenopus laevis oocytes.PintOR23 was found to be specifically tuned to acetophenone.Acetophenone could elicit a significant electrophysiological response and only attracted mated females when compared with males and virgin females.In addition,molecular docking predicted that the hydrogen bonding sites,TRP-335 and ALA-167,might play key roles in the binding of PintOR23 to acetophenone.Our study provides valuable insights into the olfactory mechanism of oviposition substrate detection and localization in P.interpunctella and points toward the possibility of developing eco-friendly odorant agents to control pests of stored products.展开更多
基金supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP20K06708 to Maki Katsuhara,and an OU fellowship to Shahin Imran.
文摘Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)employs the Na^(+)transporter HvHKT1;1,which is an N^(+)-selective transporter.This study characterized the full-length HvHKT1;1(HvHKT1;1-FL)and three mRNA variants(HvHKT1;1-V1,-V2,and-V3),which encode polypeptides of 64.7,54.0,40.5,and 32.9 kDa,respectively.Tissue-specific expression profiling revealed that HvHKT1;1-FL is the most abundant transcript across leaf,sheath,and root tissues under normal conditions,with the highest expression in leaves.Under 150 mM NaCl stress,HvHKT1;1-FL and its variants showed a dynamic,time-dependent expression pattern,with peak leaf expression at 2 h,sheath expression at 12 h,and root expression at 2 h,suggesting their roles in early stress response.Functional analysis using two-electrode voltage-clamp measurements demonstrated thatHvHKT1;1-FL is highly selective for Na^(+),withminimal conductance for K^(+),Li^(+),Rb^(+),or Cs^(+).It demonstrated high Na^(+)transport efficiency,characterized by higher Vmax and lower Km values,while the variants showed reducedNa^(+)currents,lowerVmax,and higherKmvalues,indicating decreasedNa^(+)transport capacity.Reversal potential analyses further confirmed Na^(+)selectivity,with HvHKT1;1-FL displaying the strongest preference for Na^(+).Notably,while all variants retained Na^(+)selectivity,they showed reduced efficiency,as indicated by a more negative reversal potential in low Na^(+)conditions.These findings highlight the functional diversity among HvHKT1;1 variants,with HvHKT1;1-FL playing a dominant role in Na^(+)transport.The tissue-specific regulation of these variants under salinity stress underscores their importance in barley’s adaptive responses.
基金This research was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M690588)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(135111010)+1 种基金the Young Science and Technology Talent Support Project of Jilin Province(QT202121)The authors would like to thank all the reviewers who participated in the review,as well as MJEditor(www.mjeditor.com)for providing English editing services during the preparation of this manuscript.
文摘The Indian meal moth,Plodia interpunctella(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae),a globally distributed storage pest,relies on odors that are emitted from stored foods to select a suitable substrate for oviposition.However,the molecular mechanism underlying the chemical communication between P.interpunctella and its host remains elusive.In this study,130 chemosensory genes were identified from the transcriptomes of 7 P.interpunctella tissues,and the quantitative expression levels of all 56 P.interpunctella odorant receptor genes(PintORs)were validated using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The functional characteristics of 5 PintORs with female antennae-biased expression were investigated using 2-electrode voltage clamp recordings in Xenopus laevis oocytes.PintOR23 was found to be specifically tuned to acetophenone.Acetophenone could elicit a significant electrophysiological response and only attracted mated females when compared with males and virgin females.In addition,molecular docking predicted that the hydrogen bonding sites,TRP-335 and ALA-167,might play key roles in the binding of PintOR23 to acetophenone.Our study provides valuable insights into the olfactory mechanism of oviposition substrate detection and localization in P.interpunctella and points toward the possibility of developing eco-friendly odorant agents to control pests of stored products.
