Microalgae are one of the promising feedstocks for biorefinery,contributing significantly to net-zero emissions through carbon capture and utilization.However,the disposal of microalgal byproducts from the manufacturi...Microalgae are one of the promising feedstocks for biorefinery,contributing significantly to net-zero emissions through carbon capture and utilization.However,the disposal of microalgal byproducts from the manufacturing process causes additional environmental pollution,thus,a new application strategy is required.In this study,the Tetraselmis suecica byproduct from the carotenoid extraction process was carbonized and converted into biochar.The converted biochar was proved to be nitrogen-doped biochar(NDB),up to 4.69%,with a specific surface area of 206.59m^(2)/g andwas used as an electrode for a supercapacitor.The NDB electrode(NDB-E)in half-cell showed a maximum specific capacitance of 191 F/g.In a full-cell test,the NDB-E exhibited a high energy density of 7.396 Wh/kg and a high-power density of 18,100 W/kg,and maintained specific capacity of 95.5%after charge and discharge of 10,000 cycles.In conclusion,our study demonstrated that the carotenoid-extracted microalgal byproducts are a useful resource for the supercapacitor production.This approach is the first to convert T.suecica into active materials for supercapacitors.展开更多
Comparative ultrastructural investigations on twenty-three isolates of Tetraselmis from the South China Sea, East China Sea and Huanghai Sea, have revealed that these isolates belong to:(1)Tetraselmis chui Butcher; (2...Comparative ultrastructural investigations on twenty-three isolates of Tetraselmis from the South China Sea, East China Sea and Huanghai Sea, have revealed that these isolates belong to:(1)Tetraselmis chui Butcher; (2)T. cordiformis (H. J. Carter) Stein; (3)T. helgolandica Kylin; (4)T. suecica (Kylin) Butcher; (5)T. guangdongensis sp. nov. Except T. helgolandica, the others are new records in China. T. guangdongensis sp. nov. is a new species. Its external and anatomical features closely resemble those of T. impellucida McLachlan et Parke. As in that species the pyrenoid is penetrated from many directions by cytoplasmic channels delimited by a double membrane. The protoplast withdraws from the apical portion of the theca, that portion which overlaid the trough inverts and pops out in the form of a teat. But unlike that species a starch sheath is present; pyrenoid matrix is surrounded by thylakoids which intervenes between the matrix and the starch sheath surrounding pyrenoid; the theca is stratified.展开更多
Short term uptake experiments and long term semicontinuous culture experiments were performed under the condition of phosphorus (P) limitation to estimate and compare the P uptake and growth kinetics of the microalga ...Short term uptake experiments and long term semicontinuous culture experiments were performed under the condition of phosphorus (P) limitation to estimate and compare the P uptake and growth kinetics of the microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis and the macroalga Ulva pertusa. Two new parameters, the maximum specific uptake rate ( V sp m) and the maximal growth efficiency ( β ), are introduced to achieve uniformity for the comparison of nutrient uptake and growth efficiency between microalgae and macroalgae. T. subcordiformis possesses 3 times lower half saturation uptake constant, 4 times higher maximal growth rate and 20 times higher maximum specific uptake rate than U. pertusa, while U. pertusa possesses 4 times higher maximal growth efficiency than T. subcordiformis.展开更多
Computer assisted movement tracking was used to characterize the motility of two marine microalgae, lsochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis chui, and to investigate the toxicity of Cu, Pb, and Cd on motile percentage, curv...Computer assisted movement tracking was used to characterize the motility of two marine microalgae, lsochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis chui, and to investigate the toxicity of Cu, Pb, and Cd on motile percentage, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, straight line velocity, linearity, straightness, and wobble. Except for motile percentage, all other motility parameters differed significantly between L galbana and T. chui. Based on relative motile percentage data, the median effective concentration （ECs0） of Cu on the motility of L galbana and T. chui was 31.4 and 1.3 gmol/L, respectively, while for Pb it was 37.8 and 10.9 ~tmol/L and for Cd it was 12 1.6 and 37.8 ~tmol/L, respectively. Compared to L galbana, T. chui was more sensitive to all tested metals. The toxic effect of the heavy metals on motility exhibited the following decreasing order for both species： Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Cd. Our results indicate that L galbana and T. chui motility is sensitive to heavy metals and can be used as an indicator for toxicology bioassays.展开更多
Microalgae Tetraselmis subcordiformis and Nannochloropsis oculata were cultured at 15,20,25,30,and 35℃ and their properties as potential biofuel resources were examined.The results indicate that T.subcordiformis and ...Microalgae Tetraselmis subcordiformis and Nannochloropsis oculata were cultured at 15,20,25,30,and 35℃ and their properties as potential biofuel resources were examined.The results indicate that T.subcordiformis and N.oculata grew best at 20℃ and 25℃ and yielded the highest total lipids at 20℃and 30℃,respectively.With increased temperature,neutral lipid and polyunsaturated fatty acids(FAs)decreased while saturated FAs increased,accompanied by increased monounsaturated FAs(MUFAs) in T.subcordiformis and decreased MUFAs in N.oculata;meanwhile,the predicted cetane number of FA methyl esters increased from 45.3 to 47.6 in T.subcordiformis and from 52.3 to 60.3 in N.oculata.Therefore,optimizing culture temperatures is important for improving microalgal biodiesel production.展开更多
Mass microalgal culture plays an irreplaceable role in aquaculture,but microalgal productivity is restricted by traditional autotrophic culture conditions.In the present study,a Tetraselmis chuii strain belonging to t...Mass microalgal culture plays an irreplaceable role in aquaculture,but microalgal productivity is restricted by traditional autotrophic culture conditions.In the present study,a Tetraselmis chuii strain belonging to the phylum Chlorophyta was isolated from south Yellow Sea.The growth rate and biomass productivity of this strain was higher under mixotrophic conditions with different carbon:nitrogen(C:N)ratios than those under autotrophic conditions.When the C:N ratio was 16,the optical density and biomass productivity were 3.7-and 5-fold higher than their corresponding values under autotrophic culture conditions,respectively.Moreover,T.chuii synthesized more polysaccharides and total lipids under mixotrophic conditions.In addition,T.chuii cultured under mixotrophic conditions synthesized more types of fatty acids than autotrophic culture conditions.At a C:N ratio of 16,the percentage of C16:0 and C18:1 reached 30.08%and 24.65%of the total fatty acid(TFA) content,respectively.These findings may provide a basis for largescale mixotrophic culture of T.chuii,as a potential bait-microalga.展开更多
The green alga Tetraselmis subcordiformis has been widely used as a quality live food for aquaculture species, and also has been studied as a model organism for the photo-biological production of hydrogen. We attempte...The green alga Tetraselmis subcordiformis has been widely used as a quality live food for aquaculture species, and also has been studied as a model organism for the photo-biological production of hydrogen. We attempted to quantify the relationship between T. subcordiformis specific growth rate （SGR） and three important environmental factors （temperature, salinity, and pH） using the central composite design and response surface method under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the linear effects of temperature and salinity were significant （P〈0.05）, and they were equally important in impacting T. subcordiformis specific growth; the linear effect of pH was not significant （P〉0.05）; the interactive effect of temperature and pH was significant （P〈0.05）, whereas the temperature ~ salinity and salinity x pH interactions were not significant （P〉0.05）; all of the quadratic effects of the three factors were significant （P〈0.05）. A model equation for specific growth rate with the three factors was established, with the unadjusted and predictive R2 as high as 0.990 and 0.921, respectively, suggesting that the model was a very good fit and that it could be used to predict SGR. Through optimizing the reliable model, an optimal 3-factor combination of 25~C/35 of salinity/pH 7.9 was obtained, at which the maximum specific growth rate （0.65） was recorded, with a desirability value of 93.8%. These experimental results could serve as guidelines for increasing T. subcordiformis production efficiency.展开更多
Microalgae are cultured commercially as healthy food, cosmetic products, food preservatives, and a source of valuable compounds. However, the high cost of commercial culture medium is one of the challenges to microalg...Microalgae are cultured commercially as healthy food, cosmetic products, food preservatives, and a source of valuable compounds. However, the high cost of commercial culture medium is one of the challenges to microalgal production. Therefore, it is essential to find an alternative cost-effective culture medium. Aquaculture wastewater is considered as a highly potential candidate due to its high nutrient content and large quantity generated from the rapid growth of aquaculture sector. In this study, Tetraselmis chuii cultured in different media with or without wastewater was evaluated for its growth, proximate composition and carotenoid production. The results showed that significantly(P < 0.05) higher growth(4.3 × 105 cells mL^(-1)) and protein(56.4% dry weight), lipid(44% dry weight) and carbohydrate(20% of dry weight) contents were found in T. chuii when they were cultured in the combination of both wastewater and Conway(wastewater + Conway) medium. However, carotenoid production of T. chuii was significantly increased(P < 0.05) when it was cultured in wastewater only, followed by Conway + wastewater and Conway medium only. Therefore, the incorporation of wastewater with commercial medium Convey is recommended for a cost-effective microalgae culture, as well as for the enhancement of growth and nutritional content of microalgae.展开更多
Tetraselmis sp.-1 is a new microalgae strain constructed by cell fusion technique. In this paper, the mixotrophic cultivation of Tetraselmis sp.-1 in airlift photobioreactor is investigated. Firstly, the paper calcula...Tetraselmis sp.-1 is a new microalgae strain constructed by cell fusion technique. In this paper, the mixotrophic cultivation of Tetraselmis sp.-1 in airlift photobioreactor is investigated. Firstly, the paper calculates the light attenuation in the mixotrophic medium, and sets the light attenuation model. Secondly, it uses the same dissolved oxygen coefficient (K d) of flask culture to select the aeration of bioreactor. Finally, it sets the growth kinetic model, production (chlorophyll-a and total lipid) kinetic models and substrate (glucose) consumption kinetic model of Tetraselmis sp.-1 in airlift photobioreactor.展开更多
Precise structural identification of photosynthetic polar glycerolipids in microalga Tetraselmis chuii has been established using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray ionization-Quadrupole-Time of Fli...Precise structural identification of photosynthetic polar glycerolipids in microalga Tetraselmis chuii has been established using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray ionization-Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS) by direct analysis of the total lipids extract. The mass spectrometry was performed in reflective time-of-flight using electron spraying ionization in both positive and negative modes. The structural determination was based on the char-acteristic product ions yielded by different glycerolipids under ESI-MS/MS mode, and confirmed the molecular species by the carboxylate anions produced by glycerolipids in the negative mode. As a result, more than 40 lipid molecular species, including 11 monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG), 7 digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDG), 16 sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG), and 9 phosphatidyl-glycerols (PG), were detected in Tetraselmis chuii, which had never been identified before in this mi-croalga. Furthermore, some intact lipid molecules with hydroxylated fatty acids that could not be de-tected by the traditional GC-MS method were found this time, providing novel information for the pho-tosynthetic lipidome of Tetraselmis chuii. Comparative studies on fatty acids at the sn-2 position showed that SQDG and MGDG are dominantly biosynthesized through the prokaryotic pathway, PG is a typically mixed biosynthetic pathway, while DGDG is somewhat peculiar with C14:0 and C16:0 at its sn-2 position. This method could provide a full structural profile of intact photosynthetic lipid molecular species, which may be applied to study the physiological and ecological functions of lipid by monitor-ing their individual changes.展开更多
In this study on the possiblities of microalgae technology as an option for CO2 mitiga-tion, many microalgae were isolated from seawater. Some species of the isolates, Chlamydomonas sp.strain YA-SH-1, which accumulate...In this study on the possiblities of microalgae technology as an option for CO2 mitiga-tion, many microalgae were isolated from seawater. Some species of the isolates, Chlamydomonas sp.strain YA-SH-1, which accumulates starch in cells under light and ferment ethanol in dark and anaerobiccondition, was grown outdoors by using 50-L tubular bioreactors in batch cultivation and harvested. Usingthese cells, the performance of ethanol production was examined quantitatively in a 0.5-L scale fermen-tor. Another species, Tetraselmis sp. strain Tt-1, was cultivated in a semi-batch manner by a similar typeof tubular bioreactor indoors and examined for its utilization. Tests showed these cells could be used aspartial substitute for wood and kenaf pulp for processing into paper. With the idea of making microalgaeproduce cellulose by genetic engineering in their minds, the authors studied the structure of bacterial cel-lulose synthase genes and the low temperature-induced, reversible flocculation in a thermophilic bluegreen alga (Cyanobacterium), Synechocystis vulcanus in order to examine the feasibility of using thesegenes as gene source and the cynanobacterium as host.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by Ministry of Science,ICT(Nos.2018M3A7B4070990,2020R1A2C2103137,2020R1F1A1076359,and 2022R1C1C2011696)the Education(Nos.2020R1A2C2103137 and 2020R1F1A1076359)Materials,Components&Equipment Research Program funded by the Gyeonggi Province。
文摘Microalgae are one of the promising feedstocks for biorefinery,contributing significantly to net-zero emissions through carbon capture and utilization.However,the disposal of microalgal byproducts from the manufacturing process causes additional environmental pollution,thus,a new application strategy is required.In this study,the Tetraselmis suecica byproduct from the carotenoid extraction process was carbonized and converted into biochar.The converted biochar was proved to be nitrogen-doped biochar(NDB),up to 4.69%,with a specific surface area of 206.59m^(2)/g andwas used as an electrode for a supercapacitor.The NDB electrode(NDB-E)in half-cell showed a maximum specific capacitance of 191 F/g.In a full-cell test,the NDB-E exhibited a high energy density of 7.396 Wh/kg and a high-power density of 18,100 W/kg,and maintained specific capacity of 95.5%after charge and discharge of 10,000 cycles.In conclusion,our study demonstrated that the carotenoid-extracted microalgal byproducts are a useful resource for the supercapacitor production.This approach is the first to convert T.suecica into active materials for supercapacitors.
文摘Comparative ultrastructural investigations on twenty-three isolates of Tetraselmis from the South China Sea, East China Sea and Huanghai Sea, have revealed that these isolates belong to:(1)Tetraselmis chui Butcher; (2)T. cordiformis (H. J. Carter) Stein; (3)T. helgolandica Kylin; (4)T. suecica (Kylin) Butcher; (5)T. guangdongensis sp. nov. Except T. helgolandica, the others are new records in China. T. guangdongensis sp. nov. is a new species. Its external and anatomical features closely resemble those of T. impellucida McLachlan et Parke. As in that species the pyrenoid is penetrated from many directions by cytoplasmic channels delimited by a double membrane. The protoplast withdraws from the apical portion of the theca, that portion which overlaid the trough inverts and pops out in the form of a teat. But unlike that species a starch sheath is present; pyrenoid matrix is surrounded by thylakoids which intervenes between the matrix and the starch sheath surrounding pyrenoid; the theca is stratified.
基金supported by the Project under Major State Basic Research of China(G1999012011).
文摘Short term uptake experiments and long term semicontinuous culture experiments were performed under the condition of phosphorus (P) limitation to estimate and compare the P uptake and growth kinetics of the microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis and the macroalga Ulva pertusa. Two new parameters, the maximum specific uptake rate ( V sp m) and the maximal growth efficiency ( β ), are introduced to achieve uniformity for the comparison of nutrient uptake and growth efficiency between microalgae and macroalgae. T. subcordiformis possesses 3 times lower half saturation uptake constant, 4 times higher maximal growth rate and 20 times higher maximum specific uptake rate than U. pertusa, while U. pertusa possesses 4 times higher maximal growth efficiency than T. subcordiformis.
基金supported by the National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation(No. nyhyzx07-047)the Research Project of Zhejiang Education Department(No. Y200909301)and the Open Fund of Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Costal Bioresources(No. J2010002)
文摘Computer assisted movement tracking was used to characterize the motility of two marine microalgae, lsochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis chui, and to investigate the toxicity of Cu, Pb, and Cd on motile percentage, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, straight line velocity, linearity, straightness, and wobble. Except for motile percentage, all other motility parameters differed significantly between L galbana and T. chui. Based on relative motile percentage data, the median effective concentration （ECs0） of Cu on the motility of L galbana and T. chui was 31.4 and 1.3 gmol/L, respectively, while for Pb it was 37.8 and 10.9 ~tmol/L and for Cd it was 12 1.6 and 37.8 ~tmol/L, respectively. Compared to L galbana, T. chui was more sensitive to all tested metals. The toxic effect of the heavy metals on motility exhibited the following decreasing order for both species： Cu 〉 Pb 〉 Cd. Our results indicate that L galbana and T. chui motility is sensitive to heavy metals and can be used as an indicator for toxicology bioassays.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2009AA064401)the Special Fundation for Marine Renewable Energy from the State Oceanic Administration of China(No.SHME2011SW02)the Shanghai Universities First-class Disciplines Project of Fisheries(A)
文摘Microalgae Tetraselmis subcordiformis and Nannochloropsis oculata were cultured at 15,20,25,30,and 35℃ and their properties as potential biofuel resources were examined.The results indicate that T.subcordiformis and N.oculata grew best at 20℃ and 25℃ and yielded the highest total lipids at 20℃and 30℃,respectively.With increased temperature,neutral lipid and polyunsaturated fatty acids(FAs)decreased while saturated FAs increased,accompanied by increased monounsaturated FAs(MUFAs) in T.subcordiformis and decreased MUFAs in N.oculata;meanwhile,the predicted cetane number of FA methyl esters increased from 45.3 to 47.6 in T.subcordiformis and from 52.3 to 60.3 in N.oculata.Therefore,optimizing culture temperatures is important for improving microalgal biodiesel production.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973Program)(Nos.2011CB200901,2011CB200904)the National Key Technology Research and Development Program(No.2011BAD14B01)+1 种基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2013AA065801)the Special Foundation for Marine Renewable Energy(No.GHME2011SW03)
文摘Mass microalgal culture plays an irreplaceable role in aquaculture,but microalgal productivity is restricted by traditional autotrophic culture conditions.In the present study,a Tetraselmis chuii strain belonging to the phylum Chlorophyta was isolated from south Yellow Sea.The growth rate and biomass productivity of this strain was higher under mixotrophic conditions with different carbon:nitrogen(C:N)ratios than those under autotrophic conditions.When the C:N ratio was 16,the optical density and biomass productivity were 3.7-and 5-fold higher than their corresponding values under autotrophic culture conditions,respectively.Moreover,T.chuii synthesized more polysaccharides and total lipids under mixotrophic conditions.In addition,T.chuii cultured under mixotrophic conditions synthesized more types of fatty acids than autotrophic culture conditions.At a C:N ratio of 16,the percentage of C16:0 and C18:1 reached 30.08%and 24.65%of the total fatty acid(TFA) content,respectively.These findings may provide a basis for largescale mixotrophic culture of T.chuii,as a potential bait-microalga.
基金Supported by the Guangdong Province Science and Technology Project(No.2010B020201014)the Guangdong Province South China Sea Invertebrates Healthy Culture Engineering Technology Research Center(No.GCZX-A0909)+2 种基金the Guangdong Province Ocean and Fisheries Science and Technology Extension Project(No.20120980)the Guangdong Province Industry-University-Science Partnership Project(No.20110908)the Sci&Tech Plan of Huaiyin Normal University(No.WH0031)
文摘The green alga Tetraselmis subcordiformis has been widely used as a quality live food for aquaculture species, and also has been studied as a model organism for the photo-biological production of hydrogen. We attempted to quantify the relationship between T. subcordiformis specific growth rate （SGR） and three important environmental factors （temperature, salinity, and pH） using the central composite design and response surface method under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the linear effects of temperature and salinity were significant （P〈0.05）, and they were equally important in impacting T. subcordiformis specific growth; the linear effect of pH was not significant （P〉0.05）; the interactive effect of temperature and pH was significant （P〈0.05）, whereas the temperature ~ salinity and salinity x pH interactions were not significant （P〉0.05）; all of the quadratic effects of the three factors were significant （P〈0.05）. A model equation for specific growth rate with the three factors was established, with the unadjusted and predictive R2 as high as 0.990 and 0.921, respectively, suggesting that the model was a very good fit and that it could be used to predict SGR. Through optimizing the reliable model, an optimal 3-factor combination of 25~C/35 of salinity/pH 7.9 was obtained, at which the maximum specific growth rate （0.65） was recorded, with a desirability value of 93.8%. These experimental results could serve as guidelines for increasing T. subcordiformis production efficiency.
基金supported by the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia, through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) project (FRGS/1/2015/WAB01/UMT/03/ 6).
文摘Microalgae are cultured commercially as healthy food, cosmetic products, food preservatives, and a source of valuable compounds. However, the high cost of commercial culture medium is one of the challenges to microalgal production. Therefore, it is essential to find an alternative cost-effective culture medium. Aquaculture wastewater is considered as a highly potential candidate due to its high nutrient content and large quantity generated from the rapid growth of aquaculture sector. In this study, Tetraselmis chuii cultured in different media with or without wastewater was evaluated for its growth, proximate composition and carotenoid production. The results showed that significantly(P < 0.05) higher growth(4.3 × 105 cells mL^(-1)) and protein(56.4% dry weight), lipid(44% dry weight) and carbohydrate(20% of dry weight) contents were found in T. chuii when they were cultured in the combination of both wastewater and Conway(wastewater + Conway) medium. However, carotenoid production of T. chuii was significantly increased(P < 0.05) when it was cultured in wastewater only, followed by Conway + wastewater and Conway medium only. Therefore, the incorporation of wastewater with commercial medium Convey is recommended for a cost-effective microalgae culture, as well as for the enhancement of growth and nutritional content of microalgae.
文摘Tetraselmis sp.-1 is a new microalgae strain constructed by cell fusion technique. In this paper, the mixotrophic cultivation of Tetraselmis sp.-1 in airlift photobioreactor is investigated. Firstly, the paper calculates the light attenuation in the mixotrophic medium, and sets the light attenuation model. Secondly, it uses the same dissolved oxygen coefficient (K d) of flask culture to select the aeration of bioreactor. Finally, it sets the growth kinetic model, production (chlorophyll-a and total lipid) kinetic models and substrate (glucose) consumption kinetic model of Tetraselmis sp.-1 in airlift photobioreactor.
基金Supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in Universities (PCSIRT) (Grant No. IRT0734)Project of National Ocean Bureau (Grant No. 200805067)+1 种基金Project of Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant No. 2007BAD43B09)K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘Precise structural identification of photosynthetic polar glycerolipids in microalga Tetraselmis chuii has been established using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray ionization-Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS) by direct analysis of the total lipids extract. The mass spectrometry was performed in reflective time-of-flight using electron spraying ionization in both positive and negative modes. The structural determination was based on the char-acteristic product ions yielded by different glycerolipids under ESI-MS/MS mode, and confirmed the molecular species by the carboxylate anions produced by glycerolipids in the negative mode. As a result, more than 40 lipid molecular species, including 11 monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG), 7 digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDG), 16 sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDG), and 9 phosphatidyl-glycerols (PG), were detected in Tetraselmis chuii, which had never been identified before in this mi-croalga. Furthermore, some intact lipid molecules with hydroxylated fatty acids that could not be de-tected by the traditional GC-MS method were found this time, providing novel information for the pho-tosynthetic lipidome of Tetraselmis chuii. Comparative studies on fatty acids at the sn-2 position showed that SQDG and MGDG are dominantly biosynthesized through the prokaryotic pathway, PG is a typically mixed biosynthetic pathway, while DGDG is somewhat peculiar with C14:0 and C16:0 at its sn-2 position. This method could provide a full structural profile of intact photosynthetic lipid molecular species, which may be applied to study the physiological and ecological functions of lipid by monitor-ing their individual changes.
文摘利用整合了燃料电池的平板光生物反应器,探讨了将亚心型四爿藻高密度培养和产氢两段工艺一体化集成的可行性.在培养阶段通入体积分数为2%～5%的CO2可使藻细胞迅速增殖,9 d内即可达到产氢要求的生物量（8.5×10^6cell/mL）.通过叶绿素荧光参数分析,选择2%的CO2培养的藻进行后续的产氢实验.结果表明,PSⅡ活性和光合电子传递速率均随时间的推移而逐渐下降.通过对产氢动力学曲线的分析,计算出最大产氢速率为1.1 mL/（h·L）,持续产氢时间为60 h.
文摘In this study on the possiblities of microalgae technology as an option for CO2 mitiga-tion, many microalgae were isolated from seawater. Some species of the isolates, Chlamydomonas sp.strain YA-SH-1, which accumulates starch in cells under light and ferment ethanol in dark and anaerobiccondition, was grown outdoors by using 50-L tubular bioreactors in batch cultivation and harvested. Usingthese cells, the performance of ethanol production was examined quantitatively in a 0.5-L scale fermen-tor. Another species, Tetraselmis sp. strain Tt-1, was cultivated in a semi-batch manner by a similar typeof tubular bioreactor indoors and examined for its utilization. Tests showed these cells could be used aspartial substitute for wood and kenaf pulp for processing into paper. With the idea of making microalgaeproduce cellulose by genetic engineering in their minds, the authors studied the structure of bacterial cel-lulose synthase genes and the low temperature-induced, reversible flocculation in a thermophilic bluegreen alga (Cyanobacterium), Synechocystis vulcanus in order to examine the feasibility of using thesegenes as gene source and the cynanobacterium as host.
