We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the predictive value of different parameters in the sperm retrieval rate （SRR） of microdissection testicular sperm extraction （TESE） in patients with nonobstructive azoo...We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the predictive value of different parameters in the sperm retrieval rate （SRR） of microdissection testicular sperm extraction （TESE） in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia （NOA）. All relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO. We chose three parameters to perform the meta-analysis： follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, testicular volume, and testicular histopathological findings which included three patterns： hypospermatogenesis （HS）, maturation arrest （MA）, and Sertoli-cell-only syndrome （SCOS）. If there was a threshold effect, only the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve （AUSROC） was calculated. Otherwise, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio （PLR）, negative likelihood ratio （NLR）, and the diagnostic odds ratio （DOR） were also calculated. Twenty-one articles were included in our study finally. There was a threshold effect among studies investigating FSH and SCOS. The AUSROCs of FSH, testicular volume, HS, MA, and SCOS were 0.6119, 0.6389, 0.6758, 0.5535, and 0.2763, respectively. The DORs of testicular volume, HS, and MA were 1.98, 16.49, and 1.26, respectively. The sensitivities of them were 0.80, 0.30, and 0.27, while the specificities of them were 0.35, 0.98, and 0.76, respectively. The PLRs of them were 1.49, 10.63, and 1.15, respectively. And NLRs were 0.73, 0.72, and 0.95, respectively. All the investigated factors in our study had limited predictive value. However, the histopathological findings were helpful to some extent. Most patients with HS could get sperm by microdissection TESE.展开更多
Increasing evidence shows a relationship between epigenetic regulation and male infertility. The GTF2A1L gene promoter contains the DNA methylation site of a tissue-specific differentially methylated region （TDMR）. ...Increasing evidence shows a relationship between epigenetic regulation and male infertility. The GTF2A1L gene promoter contains the DNA methylation site of a tissue-specific differentially methylated region （TDMR）. Eighty-six patients with non-obstructive azoospermia were assessed for the DNA methylation state of CpG islands in the GTF2AIL promoter using testicular genomic DNA. Based on histological criteria, 26 of the 86 patients had normal spermatogenesis （controls）, 17 had hypospermatogenesis and 26 had a Sertoli cell-only phenotype or tubular sclerosis. GTF2AIL TDMR methylation was significantly lower in testes DNA from control samples than from hypospermatogenic samples （P=0.029）. Patients with hypospermatogenesis were divided into two subgroups： high DNA methylation （HM, n=5） and low DNA methylation （LM, n= 12）. The GTF2AIL TDMR methylation rate differed significantly between the HM and LM groups （P=0.0019）, and GTF2A 1L expression was significantly higher among the LM than in the HM patients （P=0.023）. High TDMR methylation was correlated with low GTF2AIL gene expression levels. Both groups demonstrated relatively good outcomes with respect to sperm retrieval, fertilisation, pregnancy and childbirth rates. We observed that aberrant GTF2AIL gene expression was not correlated with fertilisation rates. The testicular sperm extraction （TESE） technique may be used to overcome male infertility due to aberrant TDMR methvlation.展开更多
We sought to evaluate the ability of fine-needle aspiration (FNA)mapping to find sperm and to guide sperm retrieval after failed microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE)in nonobstructive azoospermic me...We sought to evaluate the ability of fine-needle aspiration (FNA)mapping to find sperm and to guide sperm retrieval after failed microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE)in nonobstructive azoospermic men.In this study of consecutive male infertility cases,interventions included testicular FNA mapping and subsequent sperm retrieval.Outcomes included the frequency and location of found sperm on FNA maps after failed micro-TESE and the salvage sperm retrieval success.Among 548 patients undergoing FNA mapping from 2010 to 2016,82 men with previous micro-TESE procedures were identified.The mean time between micro-TESE and FNA mapping was 2.2 years.A total of 2825 (1424 on right and 1401 on left)sites were mapped.At least one site revealed mature sperm in 24 (29.3%)of 82 men with prior failed micro-TESE procedures.There was an equal likelihood of detecting sperm in either testis (6.1%right;5.7%left;P=0.58).Digital "heat maps"revealed differences in sperm findings within the testis with mature sperm more likely found in the testis periphery rather than centrally.Fifteen (62.5%)patients subsequently underwent sperm retrieval procedures guided by FNA maps.Sufficient sperm were retrieved in all cases,and in 10 (66.7%)of 15 cases,extra sperm were frozen for future use.in a significant proportion of failed micro-TESE procedures representing the largest study to date,sperm were detected by FNA mapping and could be reliably retrieved through FNA map-guided surgical sperm retrieval.When present,sperm were more likely to be found in the testis periphery rather than centrally with FNA mapping.展开更多
For men with severe oligozoospermia, sperm cryopreservation can preserve surgically obtained sperm. How to cryopreserve single sperm in men is still a hot topic in assisted reproduction technology. Aim to analyze the ...For men with severe oligozoospermia, sperm cryopreservation can preserve surgically obtained sperm. How to cryopreserve single sperm in men is still a hot topic in assisted reproduction technology. Aim to analyze the laboratory and pregnancy outcomes of single sperm cryopreservation group, we retrospectively selected 38 cycles underwent single sperm cryopreservation and thawing as the study group and 618 cycles underwent conventional sperm cryopreservation and thawing as the control group, which were performed in the reproductive medicine center of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yatsen University, from April 2014 to October 2023. All the sperm came from microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE), and performed intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for fertilization. Zygotes were cultured to Day 3 embryo, which were freshly transferred to female uterus. Surplus embryos were cultured to blastosphere and cryopreserved. There was no statistical difference in female/male age, female BMI, infertility duration and female basal sex hormone (FSH, LH E2, AMH), No. of oocytes retrieved per cycle, No. of ICSI oocytes per cycle and No. of embryos transferred per cycle between the two groups (P > 0.05). No significant difference was found in two-pronuclear oocyte fertilization rate (59.23% VS 58.84%), Day 3 available embryo rate (61.81% VS 63.55%), Day 3 good-quality embryo rate (45.73% VS 50.27%), blastocyst formation rate (47.83% VS 49.46%), the implantation rate (47.37% VS 52.16%), clinical pregnancy rate (36.84% VS 47.18%), miscarriage rate (14.29% VS 12.68%) and live birth rate (85.71% VS 81.70%) between two groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, single-sperm cryopreservation was the optimal method to preserve sperm after micro-TESE. It can increase the utilization of each sperm and lead to clinical pregnancy.展开更多
The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） opened a new era in the field of assisted reproduction and revolutionized the assisted reproductive technology protocols for couples with male factor infert...The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） opened a new era in the field of assisted reproduction and revolutionized the assisted reproductive technology protocols for couples with male factor infertility. Fertilisation and pregnancies can be achieved with spermatozoa recovered not only from the ejaculate but also from the seminiferous tubules. The most common methods for retrieving testicular sperm in non-obstructive azoospermia （NOA） are testicular sperm aspiration （TESA： needle/fine needle aspiration） and open testicular biopsy （testicular sperm extraction： TESE）. The optimal technique for sperm extraction should be minimally invasive and avoid destruction of testicular function, without compromising the chance to retrieve adequate numbers of spermatozoa to perform ICSh Microdissection TESE （micro-TESE）, performed with an operative microscope, is widely considered to be the best method for sperm retrieval in NOA, as larger and opaque tubules, presumably with active spermatogenesis, can be directly identified, resulting in higher spermatozoa retrieval rates with minimal tissue loss and low postoperative complications. Micro-TESE, in combination with ICSI, is applicable in all cases of NOA, including Klinefelter syndrome （KS）. The outcomes of surgical sperm retrieval, primarily in NOA patients with elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） （NOA including KS patients）, are reviewed along with the phenotypic features. The predictive factors for surgical sperm retrieval and outcomes of treatment were analysed. Finally, the short- and long-term complications in micro-TESE in both 46XY males with NOA and KS patients are considered.展开更多
文摘We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the predictive value of different parameters in the sperm retrieval rate （SRR） of microdissection testicular sperm extraction （TESE） in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia （NOA）. All relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO. We chose three parameters to perform the meta-analysis： follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, testicular volume, and testicular histopathological findings which included three patterns： hypospermatogenesis （HS）, maturation arrest （MA）, and Sertoli-cell-only syndrome （SCOS）. If there was a threshold effect, only the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve （AUSROC） was calculated. Otherwise, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio （PLR）, negative likelihood ratio （NLR）, and the diagnostic odds ratio （DOR） were also calculated. Twenty-one articles were included in our study finally. There was a threshold effect among studies investigating FSH and SCOS. The AUSROCs of FSH, testicular volume, HS, MA, and SCOS were 0.6119, 0.6389, 0.6758, 0.5535, and 0.2763, respectively. The DORs of testicular volume, HS, and MA were 1.98, 16.49, and 1.26, respectively. The sensitivities of them were 0.80, 0.30, and 0.27, while the specificities of them were 0.35, 0.98, and 0.76, respectively. The PLRs of them were 1.49, 10.63, and 1.15, respectively. And NLRs were 0.73, 0.72, and 0.95, respectively. All the investigated factors in our study had limited predictive value. However, the histopathological findings were helpful to some extent. Most patients with HS could get sperm by microdissection TESE.
文摘Increasing evidence shows a relationship between epigenetic regulation and male infertility. The GTF2A1L gene promoter contains the DNA methylation site of a tissue-specific differentially methylated region （TDMR）. Eighty-six patients with non-obstructive azoospermia were assessed for the DNA methylation state of CpG islands in the GTF2AIL promoter using testicular genomic DNA. Based on histological criteria, 26 of the 86 patients had normal spermatogenesis （controls）, 17 had hypospermatogenesis and 26 had a Sertoli cell-only phenotype or tubular sclerosis. GTF2AIL TDMR methylation was significantly lower in testes DNA from control samples than from hypospermatogenic samples （P=0.029）. Patients with hypospermatogenesis were divided into two subgroups： high DNA methylation （HM, n=5） and low DNA methylation （LM, n= 12）. The GTF2AIL TDMR methylation rate differed significantly between the HM and LM groups （P=0.0019）, and GTF2A 1L expression was significantly higher among the LM than in the HM patients （P=0.023）. High TDMR methylation was correlated with low GTF2AIL gene expression levels. Both groups demonstrated relatively good outcomes with respect to sperm retrieval, fertilisation, pregnancy and childbirth rates. We observed that aberrant GTF2AIL gene expression was not correlated with fertilisation rates. The testicular sperm extraction （TESE） technique may be used to overcome male infertility due to aberrant TDMR methvlation.
文摘We sought to evaluate the ability of fine-needle aspiration (FNA)mapping to find sperm and to guide sperm retrieval after failed microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE)in nonobstructive azoospermic men.In this study of consecutive male infertility cases,interventions included testicular FNA mapping and subsequent sperm retrieval.Outcomes included the frequency and location of found sperm on FNA maps after failed micro-TESE and the salvage sperm retrieval success.Among 548 patients undergoing FNA mapping from 2010 to 2016,82 men with previous micro-TESE procedures were identified.The mean time between micro-TESE and FNA mapping was 2.2 years.A total of 2825 (1424 on right and 1401 on left)sites were mapped.At least one site revealed mature sperm in 24 (29.3%)of 82 men with prior failed micro-TESE procedures.There was an equal likelihood of detecting sperm in either testis (6.1%right;5.7%left;P=0.58).Digital "heat maps"revealed differences in sperm findings within the testis with mature sperm more likely found in the testis periphery rather than centrally.Fifteen (62.5%)patients subsequently underwent sperm retrieval procedures guided by FNA maps.Sufficient sperm were retrieved in all cases,and in 10 (66.7%)of 15 cases,extra sperm were frozen for future use.in a significant proportion of failed micro-TESE procedures representing the largest study to date,sperm were detected by FNA mapping and could be reliably retrieved through FNA map-guided surgical sperm retrieval.When present,sperm were more likely to be found in the testis periphery rather than centrally with FNA mapping.
文摘For men with severe oligozoospermia, sperm cryopreservation can preserve surgically obtained sperm. How to cryopreserve single sperm in men is still a hot topic in assisted reproduction technology. Aim to analyze the laboratory and pregnancy outcomes of single sperm cryopreservation group, we retrospectively selected 38 cycles underwent single sperm cryopreservation and thawing as the study group and 618 cycles underwent conventional sperm cryopreservation and thawing as the control group, which were performed in the reproductive medicine center of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yatsen University, from April 2014 to October 2023. All the sperm came from microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE), and performed intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for fertilization. Zygotes were cultured to Day 3 embryo, which were freshly transferred to female uterus. Surplus embryos were cultured to blastosphere and cryopreserved. There was no statistical difference in female/male age, female BMI, infertility duration and female basal sex hormone (FSH, LH E2, AMH), No. of oocytes retrieved per cycle, No. of ICSI oocytes per cycle and No. of embryos transferred per cycle between the two groups (P > 0.05). No significant difference was found in two-pronuclear oocyte fertilization rate (59.23% VS 58.84%), Day 3 available embryo rate (61.81% VS 63.55%), Day 3 good-quality embryo rate (45.73% VS 50.27%), blastocyst formation rate (47.83% VS 49.46%), the implantation rate (47.37% VS 52.16%), clinical pregnancy rate (36.84% VS 47.18%), miscarriage rate (14.29% VS 12.68%) and live birth rate (85.71% VS 81.70%) between two groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, single-sperm cryopreservation was the optimal method to preserve sperm after micro-TESE. It can increase the utilization of each sperm and lead to clinical pregnancy.
文摘The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） opened a new era in the field of assisted reproduction and revolutionized the assisted reproductive technology protocols for couples with male factor infertility. Fertilisation and pregnancies can be achieved with spermatozoa recovered not only from the ejaculate but also from the seminiferous tubules. The most common methods for retrieving testicular sperm in non-obstructive azoospermia （NOA） are testicular sperm aspiration （TESA： needle/fine needle aspiration） and open testicular biopsy （testicular sperm extraction： TESE）. The optimal technique for sperm extraction should be minimally invasive and avoid destruction of testicular function, without compromising the chance to retrieve adequate numbers of spermatozoa to perform ICSh Microdissection TESE （micro-TESE）, performed with an operative microscope, is widely considered to be the best method for sperm retrieval in NOA, as larger and opaque tubules, presumably with active spermatogenesis, can be directly identified, resulting in higher spermatozoa retrieval rates with minimal tissue loss and low postoperative complications. Micro-TESE, in combination with ICSI, is applicable in all cases of NOA, including Klinefelter syndrome （KS）. The outcomes of surgical sperm retrieval, primarily in NOA patients with elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） （NOA including KS patients）, are reviewed along with the phenotypic features. The predictive factors for surgical sperm retrieval and outcomes of treatment were analysed. Finally, the short- and long-term complications in micro-TESE in both 46XY males with NOA and KS patients are considered.
