The primary function of terminators is to terminate transcription in gene expression.Although some studies have suggested that terminators also contribute positively to upstream gene expression,the extent and underlyi...The primary function of terminators is to terminate transcription in gene expression.Although some studies have suggested that terminators also contribute positively to upstream gene expression,the extent and underlying mechanism of this effect remain largely unexplored.Here,the correlation between terminating strength and upstream mRNA stability was investigated by constructing a terminator mutation library through randomizing 5 nucleotides,assisted by FlowSeq technology,terminator variants were categorized based on the downstream fluorescence intensity,followed by high-throughput sequencing.To examine the impact of terminators on mRNA stability,the abundance of downstream gene transcripts for each terminator variant was quantified through cDNA sequencing.The results revealed that the transcript abundance controlled by strong terminators was,on average 2.2 times greater than those controlled by weak terminators on average.Moreover,several distinct features could be ascribed to high relative abundance of upstream gene transcript,including a high GC content at the base region of hairpin,and a high AT content in downstream of the U-tract.Additionally,these terminators showed a free energy between28 and22 kcal/mol,and a stem length of 14 nt.Finally,these features ascribed the upstream beneficial terminator were validated across various expression systems.By incorporating the optimal terminator downstream of RSF,GSH and HIS in three different strains,the fermentation productions-NMN SAM and VD13 exhibited a remarkable enhancement of 30%-70%.The findings presented here uncov-ered the terminator characteristics contributed to the upstream mRNA stability,providing guiding principles for gene circuit design.展开更多
DNA sequencing using reversible terminators, as one sequencing by synthesis strategy, has garnered a great deal of interest due to its popular application in the second-generation high-throughput DNA sequencing techno...DNA sequencing using reversible terminators, as one sequencing by synthesis strategy, has garnered a great deal of interest due to its popular application in the second-generation high-throughput DNA sequencing technology. In this review, we provided its history of develop- ment, classification, and working mechanism of this technology. We also outlined the screening strategies for DNA polymerases to accommodate the reversible terminators as substrates during polymerization; particularly, we introduced the ＂REAP＂ method developed by us. At the end of this review, we discussed current limitations of this approach and provided potential solutions to extend its application.展开更多
The intrinsic terminator in prokaryotic forms secondary RNA structure and terminates the transcription.However,leaking transcription is common due to varied terminator strength.Besides of the representative hairpin an...The intrinsic terminator in prokaryotic forms secondary RNA structure and terminates the transcription.However,leaking transcription is common due to varied terminator strength.Besides of the representative hairpin and U-tract structure,detailed sequence and thermodynamic features of terminators were not completely clear,and the effect of terminator on the upstream gene expression was unclearly.Thus,it is still challenging to use terminator to control expression with higher precision.Here,in E.Coli,we firstly determined the effect of the 3′-end sequences including spacer sequences and terminator sequences on the expression of upstream and downstream genes.Secondly,terminator mutation library was constructed,and the thermodynamic and sequence features differing in the termination efficiency were analyzed using the FlowSeq technique.The result showed that under the regulation of terminators,a negative correlation was presented between the expression of upstream and downstream genes(r=0.60),and the terminators with lower free energy corelated with higher upstream gene expression.Meanwhile,the terminator with longer stem length,more compact loop and perfect U-tract structure was benefit to the transcription termination.Finally,a terminator strength classification model was established,and the verification experiment based on 20 synthetic terminators indicated that the model can distinguish strong and weak terminators to certain extent.The results help to elucidate the role of terminators in gene expression,and the key factors identified are crucial for rational design of terminators,and the model provided a method for terminator strength prediction.展开更多
To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt b...To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt by physical property index,microscopic morphology,rheological testing,and infrared spectroscopy on multiple scales.The results show that the best preparation process for TB-modified asphalt is stirring at 260℃ for 4 h at 400 rpm,which significantly reduces the modification time of the asphalt.From a physical property viewpoint,the TB composite-modified asphalt sample with 5% styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)+1% aromatics+0.1% sulfur exhibits high-comprehensive,high-and low-temperature properties.More-over,its crosslinked mesh structure comprises black rubber particles uniformly interwoven in the middle,which further enhances the performance of the asphalt and results in an excellent performance formulation.In addition,the sample with 5%SBS content has a higher G*value and smaller δ value than that with 3%SBS content,indicating that its high-temperature resistance is improved.The effect of adding 3%SBS content on the viscoelastic ratio is,to some extent,less than that caused by 20% rubber powder.展开更多
According to the requirements of the bus terminal regulator,a linear regulator with 3-A source-sink current ability is presented.The use of the NMOS pass transistor and load current feedback technique enhances the sys...According to the requirements of the bus terminal regulator,a linear regulator with 3-A source-sink current ability is presented.The use of the NMOS pass transistor and load current feedback technique enhances the system current ability and response speed.The method of adaptive zero compensation realizes loop stability over the whole load range for either source or sink loop.Furthermore,the transconductance matching technique reduces the shoot-through current through the output stage to less than 3μA.The regulator has been fabricated with a 0.6-μm 30 V BCD process successfully,and the area size is about 1 mm;.With a 20μF output capacitor, the maximum transient output-voltage variation is within 3.5%of the output voltage with load step changes of±2 A/lμs.At the load range of±3 A,the variation of output voltage is less than±15 mV.展开更多
Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene g...Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic nerves.We have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor recovery.Furthermore,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target muscles.In this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic nerve.Young adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of PEG.Compound action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury site.The success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days postoperatively.At 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase.PEG-fusion repair reestablished axonal continuity.Compared to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal areas.Unexpectedly,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repair.This central reorganization may contribute to the improved behavioral recovery seen after PEG-fusion repair,supporting the use of this novel repair methodology over currently available treatments.展开更多
[Objective] Taqman Quantitative PCR technique was adopted to detect the copies of exogenous nos terminator in transgenic hybrid soybean.[Method] With soybean Lectin as the endogenous reference gene,and gene complex DN...[Objective] Taqman Quantitative PCR technique was adopted to detect the copies of exogenous nos terminator in transgenic hybrid soybean.[Method] With soybean Lectin as the endogenous reference gene,and gene complex DNA in non-GMO soybeans as the endogenous reference standard,the method of gradient dilution was used for separately calculate Ct value of endogenous reference gene and plasmid DNA and correlation standard curve equation of logarithm of copies,and then to calculate the copies of samples through substituting thus-obtained Ct into the standard curve equation.[Result] The standard curve equation of endogenous reference gene is y=-3.422x＋35.201,R2=0.998;and the standard curve equation of exogenous gene is y=-3.348x＋34.890,R2=0.999.Nos terminator and its lower boundary sequences in transgenic soybean is of single copy.[Conclusion] The study has provided a theoretical basis for determining exogenous gene copies in transgenic soybean.展开更多
Construction of LNG receiving terminals The scale of receiving terminals is expanding rapidly At the end of 1999,the state approved the Guangdong LNG Pilot Project,which opened the prelude to the construction of LNG r...Construction of LNG receiving terminals The scale of receiving terminals is expanding rapidly At the end of 1999,the state approved the Guangdong LNG Pilot Project,which opened the prelude to the construction of LNG receiving terminals.In 2006,China's first LNG receiving terminal,namely Dapeng LNG Receiving Terminal in Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,was put into operation,marking the beginning of the use of overseas natural gas in China.展开更多
BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children ...BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children with enterostomies.METHODS One hundred twenty children with enterostomies and their caregivers in a children's hospital in Beijing were divided into a control group and a study group.The control group(60 cases)received traditional telephone follow-up for continuity of care,while the study group(60 cases)used a visualization mobile terminal-based care model.The incidence of stoma-related complications,caregiver burden scale,and competence scores of children with stoma were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The primary caregiver burden score in the study group(37.22±3.17)was significantly lower than that in the control group(80.00±4.47),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Additionally,the caregiving ability score of the study group(172.08±3.49)was significantly higher than that of the control group(117.55±4.28;P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the study group(11.7%,7/60)was significantly lower compared to the control group(33.3%,20/60;χ2=8.086,P=0.004).CONCLUSION The visual mobile terminal-based care model reduces caregiver burden,improves home care ability,lowers the incidence of complications and readmission rates,and supports successful second-stage reduction surgery for children with enterostomies.展开更多
In this paper,an improved error-rate sliding window decoder is proposed for spatially coupled low-density parity-check(SC-LDPC)codes.For the conventional sliding window decoder,the message retention mechanism causes u...In this paper,an improved error-rate sliding window decoder is proposed for spatially coupled low-density parity-check(SC-LDPC)codes.For the conventional sliding window decoder,the message retention mechanism causes unreliable messages along the edges of belief propagation(BP)decoding in the current window to be kept for subsequent window decoding.To improve the reliability of the retained messages during the window transition,a reliable termination method is embedded,where the retained messages undergo more reliable parity checks.Additionally,decoding failure is unavoidable and even causes error propagation when the number of errors exceeds the error-correcting capability of the window.To mitigate this problem,a channel value reuse mechanism is designed,where the received channel values are utilized to reinitialize the window.Furthermore,considering the complexity and performance of decoding,a feasible sliding optimized window decoding(SOWD)scheme is introduced.Finally,simulation results confirm the superior performance of the proposed SOWD scheme in both the waterfall and error floor regions.This work has great potential in the applications of wireless optical communication and fiber optic communication.展开更多
The approximately 3000 km long Tan-Lu fault zone(TLFZ)in East Asia is the longest continental strike-slip fault zone in the world and exemplifies how such a fault zone forms and propagates on a continental scale.Struc...The approximately 3000 km long Tan-Lu fault zone(TLFZ)in East Asia is the longest continental strike-slip fault zone in the world and exemplifies how such a fault zone forms and propagates on a continental scale.Structural and geochronological data from the TLFZ and surrounding regions indicate that the fault zone originated as NE/SW-striking sinistral ductile shear zones along an oblique continental convergence margin during the Triassic indentation collision between the North China Craton and the Yangtze Block.The Triassic fault zone,with a total length of about 720 km between the Dabie and Sulu orogens,exhibited an apparent sinistral offset of approximately 300 km along the TLFZ.The second stage of sinistral movement occurred in the earliest Late Jurassic,reactivating the pre-existing southern segment and propagating northwards to the southern coastline of present-day Bohai Bay,as well as forming a significant portion of the Dunhua-Mishan fault zone.The third stage of sinistral movement,in the earliest Early Cretaceous,was the most intense strike-slip movement of the Mesozoic,leading to the complete linkage of the TLFZ.This stage included further northward propagation of the southern-middle segment,both southward and northward propagation of the Dunhua-Mishan fault zone,as well as the formation of the entire Yilan-Yitong fault zone.The fourth stage,in the earliest Late Cretaceous,involved the reactivation of the entire TLFZ.Following its Triassic origin due to the indentation collision,the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate and the subduction and closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean were responsible for the multi-stage sinistral movements from the Late Jurassic to the Cretaceous.The evolution of the TLFZ demonstrates that a continental-scale strike-slip fault zone(>1000 km long)forms through multiple stages of propagation and linkage in dynamic settings of plate convergence.展开更多
Mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles present in eukaryotic cells,containing their own genome and transcriptional machinery.However,their functions are intricately linked to proteins encoded by the nuclear genom...Mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles present in eukaryotic cells,containing their own genome and transcriptional machinery.However,their functions are intricately linked to proteins encoded by the nuclear genome.Mitochondrial transcription termination factors(mTERFs)are nucleic acid-binding proteins involved in RNA splicing and transcription termination within plant mitochondria and chloroplasts.Despite their recognized importance,the specific roles of mTERF proteins in maize remain largely unexplored.Here,we clone and functionally characterize the maize mTERF18 gene.Our findings reveal that mTERF18 mutations lead to severely undifferentiated embryos,resulting in abortive phenotypes.Early kernel exhibits abnormal basal endosperm transfer layer and a significant reduction in both starch and protein accumulation in mterf18.We identify the mTERF18 gene through mapping-based cloning and validate this gene through allelic tests.mTERF18 is widely expressed across various maize tissues and encodes a highly conserved mitochondrial protein.Transcriptome data reveal that mTERF18 mutations disrupt transcriptional termination of the nad6 gene,leading to undetectable levels of Nad6 protein and reduced complex I assembly and activity.Furthermore,transmission electron microscopy observation of mterf18 endosperm uncover severe mitochondrial defects.Collectively,these findings highlight the critical role of mTERF18 in mitochondrial gene transcription termination and its pivotal impact on maize kernel development.展开更多
1 Among many of my favorite books,the one that is called Tuesdays with Morrie has touched me the most.The book is a memoir by Mitch Albom that recounts the author's conversations with his former college professor,...1 Among many of my favorite books,the one that is called Tuesdays with Morrie has touched me the most.The book is a memoir by Mitch Albom that recounts the author's conversations with his former college professor,Morrie Schwartz.2 After learning that Morrie is terminally ill with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS),Mitch reconnects with him and begins visiting him every Tuesday.Through these meetings,Morrie shares his insights into life,love,work,family,aging and death.展开更多
Benzotriazole(BTA)-based A_(2)-A_1-D-A_1-A_(2)type wide-bandgap(WBG)non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have shown promising potential in indoor photovoltaic,and in-depth investigation of their structure-property relationshi...Benzotriazole(BTA)-based A_(2)-A_1-D-A_1-A_(2)type wide-bandgap(WBG)non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have shown promising potential in indoor photovoltaic,and in-depth investigation of their structure-property relationship is of great significance.Herein,we explored the chlorination effect of the side chain on the terminals.We introduced Cl atoms into the benzyl side chains in parent BTA5 to synthesize two NFAs,BTA5-Cl with mono-chlorinated benzyl groups and BTA5-2Cl containing bi-chlorinated benzyl groups.We chose D18-Cl with deep-energy levels and strong crystallinity to pair with these three acceptors,affording high photovoltage and photocurrent.With the stepwise chlorination,the open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))values decrease from 1.28,1.22,to 1.20 V,while the corresponding power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)improve from 5.07%,9.15%,to 10.96%.Compared with BTA5-based OSCs,introducing Cl atoms downshifts the energy levels and slightly increases the non-radiative energy loss(0.14<0.17<0.19 e V),resulting in a sequential decrease in VO C.However,more chlorine atom replacements produce more effective exciton dissociation,higher charge transfer,and balanced carrier mobility in the blend films,ultimately achieving better PCEs.This work indicates that chlorination of the benzyl group on the terminals can improve the device's performance,implying good application potential in indoor photovoltaics.展开更多
In the context of the diversity of smart terminals,the unity of the root of trust becomes complicated,which not only affects the efficiency of trust propagation,but also poses a challenge to the security of the whole ...In the context of the diversity of smart terminals,the unity of the root of trust becomes complicated,which not only affects the efficiency of trust propagation,but also poses a challenge to the security of the whole system.In particular,the solidification of the root of trust in non-volatile memory(NVM)restricts the system’s dynamic updating capability,which is an obvious disadvantage in a rapidly changing security environment.To address this issue,this study proposes a novel approach to generate root security parameters using static random access memory(SRAM)physical unclonable functions(PUFs).SRAM PUFs,as a security primitive,show great potential in lightweight security solutions due to their inherent physical properties,low cost and scalability.However,the stability of SRAM PUFs in harsh environments is a key issue.These environmental conditions include extreme temperatures,high humidity,and strong electromagnetic radiation,all of which can affect the performance of SRAM PUFs.In order to ensure the stability of root safety parameters under these conditions,this study proposes an integrated approach that covers not only the acquisition of entropy sources,but also the implementation of algorithms and configuration management.In addition,this study develops a series of reliability-enhancing algorithms,including adaptive parameter selection,data preprocessing,auxiliary data generation,and error correction,which are essential for improving the performance of SRAM PUFs in harsh environments.Based on these techniques,this study establishes six types of secure parameter generation mechanisms,which not only improve the security of the system,but also enhance its adaptability in variable environments.Through a series of experiments,we verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.Under 10 different environmental conditions,our method is able to achieve full recovery of security data with an error rate of less than 25%,which proves the robustness and reliability of our method.These results not only provide strong evidence for the stability of SRAM PUFs in practical applications,but also provide a new direction for future research in the field of smart terminal security.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[32171421].
文摘The primary function of terminators is to terminate transcription in gene expression.Although some studies have suggested that terminators also contribute positively to upstream gene expression,the extent and underlying mechanism of this effect remain largely unexplored.Here,the correlation between terminating strength and upstream mRNA stability was investigated by constructing a terminator mutation library through randomizing 5 nucleotides,assisted by FlowSeq technology,terminator variants were categorized based on the downstream fluorescence intensity,followed by high-throughput sequencing.To examine the impact of terminators on mRNA stability,the abundance of downstream gene transcripts for each terminator variant was quantified through cDNA sequencing.The results revealed that the transcript abundance controlled by strong terminators was,on average 2.2 times greater than those controlled by weak terminators on average.Moreover,several distinct features could be ascribed to high relative abundance of upstream gene transcript,including a high GC content at the base region of hairpin,and a high AT content in downstream of the U-tract.Additionally,these terminators showed a free energy between28 and22 kcal/mol,and a stem length of 14 nt.Finally,these features ascribed the upstream beneficial terminator were validated across various expression systems.By incorporating the optimal terminator downstream of RSF,GSH and HIS in three different strains,the fermentation productions-NMN SAM and VD13 exhibited a remarkable enhancement of 30%-70%.The findings presented here uncov-ered the terminator characteristics contributed to the upstream mRNA stability,providing guiding principles for gene circuit design.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31270846)the Chinese Academy of Sciences "100-Talent Program" for the support of this work
文摘DNA sequencing using reversible terminators, as one sequencing by synthesis strategy, has garnered a great deal of interest due to its popular application in the second-generation high-throughput DNA sequencing technology. In this review, we provided its history of develop- ment, classification, and working mechanism of this technology. We also outlined the screening strategies for DNA polymerases to accommodate the reversible terminators as substrates during polymerization; particularly, we introduced the ＂REAP＂ method developed by us. At the end of this review, we discussed current limitations of this approach and provided potential solutions to extend its application.
基金This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[2018YFA0900300]National Natural Science Foundation of China[32171421].
文摘The intrinsic terminator in prokaryotic forms secondary RNA structure and terminates the transcription.However,leaking transcription is common due to varied terminator strength.Besides of the representative hairpin and U-tract structure,detailed sequence and thermodynamic features of terminators were not completely clear,and the effect of terminator on the upstream gene expression was unclearly.Thus,it is still challenging to use terminator to control expression with higher precision.Here,in E.Coli,we firstly determined the effect of the 3′-end sequences including spacer sequences and terminator sequences on the expression of upstream and downstream genes.Secondly,terminator mutation library was constructed,and the thermodynamic and sequence features differing in the termination efficiency were analyzed using the FlowSeq technique.The result showed that under the regulation of terminators,a negative correlation was presented between the expression of upstream and downstream genes(r=0.60),and the terminators with lower free energy corelated with higher upstream gene expression.Meanwhile,the terminator with longer stem length,more compact loop and perfect U-tract structure was benefit to the transcription termination.Finally,a terminator strength classification model was established,and the verification experiment based on 20 synthetic terminators indicated that the model can distinguish strong and weak terminators to certain extent.The results help to elucidate the role of terminators in gene expression,and the key factors identified are crucial for rational design of terminators,and the model provided a method for terminator strength prediction.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52278446)。
文摘To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt by physical property index,microscopic morphology,rheological testing,and infrared spectroscopy on multiple scales.The results show that the best preparation process for TB-modified asphalt is stirring at 260℃ for 4 h at 400 rpm,which significantly reduces the modification time of the asphalt.From a physical property viewpoint,the TB composite-modified asphalt sample with 5% styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)+1% aromatics+0.1% sulfur exhibits high-comprehensive,high-and low-temperature properties.More-over,its crosslinked mesh structure comprises black rubber particles uniformly interwoven in the middle,which further enhances the performance of the asphalt and results in an excellent performance formulation.In addition,the sample with 5%SBS content has a higher G*value and smaller δ value than that with 3%SBS content,indicating that its high-temperature resistance is improved.The effect of adding 3%SBS content on the viscoelastic ratio is,to some extent,less than that caused by 20% rubber powder.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.60806043,60806009)the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Central Colleges Chang'an University,China(No.CHD2010JC077)the Key Laboratory Foundation of Shaanxi Engineering and Technique Research Center for Road and Traffic Detection,China
文摘According to the requirements of the bus terminal regulator,a linear regulator with 3-A source-sink current ability is presented.The use of the NMOS pass transistor and load current feedback technique enhances the system current ability and response speed.The method of adaptive zero compensation realizes loop stability over the whole load range for either source or sink loop.Furthermore,the transconductance matching technique reduces the shoot-through current through the output stage to less than 3μA.The regulator has been fabricated with a 0.6-μm 30 V BCD process successfully,and the area size is about 1 mm;.With a 20μF output capacitor, the maximum transient output-voltage variation is within 3.5%of the output voltage with load step changes of±2 A/lμs.At the load range of±3 A,the variation of output voltage is less than±15 mV.
基金supported by the Department of Defense AFIRMⅢW81XWH-20-2-0029 grant subcontractLone Star Paralysis gift,UT POC19-1774-13 grant+1 种基金Neuraptive Therapeutics Inc.26-7724-56 grantNational Institutes of Health R01-NS128086(all to GDB)。
文摘Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically poor.We used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic nerves.We have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor recovery.Furthermore,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target muscles.In this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic nerve.Young adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of PEG.Compound action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury site.The success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days postoperatively.At 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase.PEG-fusion repair reestablished axonal continuity.Compared to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal areas.Unexpectedly,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repair.This central reorganization may contribute to the improved behavioral recovery seen after PEG-fusion repair,supporting the use of this novel repair methodology over currently available treatments.
基金Funded by Program of Technology Bureau of Harbin(2010RFQXN101)Sub-project of Transgenic Significant Specific Project(2008ZX08012-001)~~
文摘[Objective] Taqman Quantitative PCR technique was adopted to detect the copies of exogenous nos terminator in transgenic hybrid soybean.[Method] With soybean Lectin as the endogenous reference gene,and gene complex DNA in non-GMO soybeans as the endogenous reference standard,the method of gradient dilution was used for separately calculate Ct value of endogenous reference gene and plasmid DNA and correlation standard curve equation of logarithm of copies,and then to calculate the copies of samples through substituting thus-obtained Ct into the standard curve equation.[Result] The standard curve equation of endogenous reference gene is y=-3.422x＋35.201,R2=0.998;and the standard curve equation of exogenous gene is y=-3.348x＋34.890,R2=0.999.Nos terminator and its lower boundary sequences in transgenic soybean is of single copy.[Conclusion] The study has provided a theoretical basis for determining exogenous gene copies in transgenic soybean.
文摘Construction of LNG receiving terminals The scale of receiving terminals is expanding rapidly At the end of 1999,the state approved the Guangdong LNG Pilot Project,which opened the prelude to the construction of LNG receiving terminals.In 2006,China's first LNG receiving terminal,namely Dapeng LNG Receiving Terminal in Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,was put into operation,marking the beginning of the use of overseas natural gas in China.
基金Supported by Project of the Health Bureau of the Logistics and Security Department of the Central Military Commission,No.145BHQ090003076XMilitary Family Planning Special Fund,No.21JSZ18.
文摘BACKGROUND Children with critical acute abdominal conditions often undergo intestinal stoma surgery.AIM To explore the impact of a visual mobile terminal-based extended care model on caregiver competence for children with enterostomies.METHODS One hundred twenty children with enterostomies and their caregivers in a children's hospital in Beijing were divided into a control group and a study group.The control group(60 cases)received traditional telephone follow-up for continuity of care,while the study group(60 cases)used a visualization mobile terminal-based care model.The incidence of stoma-related complications,caregiver burden scale,and competence scores of children with stoma were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The primary caregiver burden score in the study group(37.22±3.17)was significantly lower than that in the control group(80.00±4.47),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Additionally,the caregiving ability score of the study group(172.08±3.49)was significantly higher than that of the control group(117.55±4.28;P<0.05).The total incidence of complications in the study group(11.7%,7/60)was significantly lower compared to the control group(33.3%,20/60;χ2=8.086,P=0.004).CONCLUSION The visual mobile terminal-based care model reduces caregiver burden,improves home care ability,lowers the incidence of complications and readmission rates,and supports successful second-stage reduction surgery for children with enterostomies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62275193)。
文摘In this paper,an improved error-rate sliding window decoder is proposed for spatially coupled low-density parity-check(SC-LDPC)codes.For the conventional sliding window decoder,the message retention mechanism causes unreliable messages along the edges of belief propagation(BP)decoding in the current window to be kept for subsequent window decoding.To improve the reliability of the retained messages during the window transition,a reliable termination method is embedded,where the retained messages undergo more reliable parity checks.Additionally,decoding failure is unavoidable and even causes error propagation when the number of errors exceeds the error-correcting capability of the window.To mitigate this problem,a channel value reuse mechanism is designed,where the received channel values are utilized to reinitialize the window.Furthermore,considering the complexity and performance of decoding,a feasible sliding optimized window decoding(SOWD)scheme is introduced.Finally,simulation results confirm the superior performance of the proposed SOWD scheme in both the waterfall and error floor regions.This work has great potential in the applications of wireless optical communication and fiber optic communication.
基金funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(Grant 2024ZD1001301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 42272241,42102254 and 41830213)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant JZ2023HGTB0238).
文摘The approximately 3000 km long Tan-Lu fault zone(TLFZ)in East Asia is the longest continental strike-slip fault zone in the world and exemplifies how such a fault zone forms and propagates on a continental scale.Structural and geochronological data from the TLFZ and surrounding regions indicate that the fault zone originated as NE/SW-striking sinistral ductile shear zones along an oblique continental convergence margin during the Triassic indentation collision between the North China Craton and the Yangtze Block.The Triassic fault zone,with a total length of about 720 km between the Dabie and Sulu orogens,exhibited an apparent sinistral offset of approximately 300 km along the TLFZ.The second stage of sinistral movement occurred in the earliest Late Jurassic,reactivating the pre-existing southern segment and propagating northwards to the southern coastline of present-day Bohai Bay,as well as forming a significant portion of the Dunhua-Mishan fault zone.The third stage of sinistral movement,in the earliest Early Cretaceous,was the most intense strike-slip movement of the Mesozoic,leading to the complete linkage of the TLFZ.This stage included further northward propagation of the southern-middle segment,both southward and northward propagation of the Dunhua-Mishan fault zone,as well as the formation of the entire Yilan-Yitong fault zone.The fourth stage,in the earliest Late Cretaceous,involved the reactivation of the entire TLFZ.Following its Triassic origin due to the indentation collision,the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate and the subduction and closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean were responsible for the multi-stage sinistral movements from the Late Jurassic to the Cretaceous.The evolution of the TLFZ demonstrates that a continental-scale strike-slip fault zone(>1000 km long)forms through multiple stages of propagation and linkage in dynamic settings of plate convergence.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32222060)Anhui Agricultural University(RC422404)to J.Y.
文摘Mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles present in eukaryotic cells,containing their own genome and transcriptional machinery.However,their functions are intricately linked to proteins encoded by the nuclear genome.Mitochondrial transcription termination factors(mTERFs)are nucleic acid-binding proteins involved in RNA splicing and transcription termination within plant mitochondria and chloroplasts.Despite their recognized importance,the specific roles of mTERF proteins in maize remain largely unexplored.Here,we clone and functionally characterize the maize mTERF18 gene.Our findings reveal that mTERF18 mutations lead to severely undifferentiated embryos,resulting in abortive phenotypes.Early kernel exhibits abnormal basal endosperm transfer layer and a significant reduction in both starch and protein accumulation in mterf18.We identify the mTERF18 gene through mapping-based cloning and validate this gene through allelic tests.mTERF18 is widely expressed across various maize tissues and encodes a highly conserved mitochondrial protein.Transcriptome data reveal that mTERF18 mutations disrupt transcriptional termination of the nad6 gene,leading to undetectable levels of Nad6 protein and reduced complex I assembly and activity.Furthermore,transmission electron microscopy observation of mterf18 endosperm uncover severe mitochondrial defects.Collectively,these findings highlight the critical role of mTERF18 in mitochondrial gene transcription termination and its pivotal impact on maize kernel development.
文摘1 Among many of my favorite books,the one that is called Tuesdays with Morrie has touched me the most.The book is a memoir by Mitch Albom that recounts the author's conversations with his former college professor,Morrie Schwartz.2 After learning that Morrie is terminally ill with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS),Mitch reconnects with him and begins visiting him every Tuesday.Through these meetings,Morrie shares his insights into life,love,work,family,aging and death.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373176,52073067)。
文摘Benzotriazole(BTA)-based A_(2)-A_1-D-A_1-A_(2)type wide-bandgap(WBG)non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have shown promising potential in indoor photovoltaic,and in-depth investigation of their structure-property relationship is of great significance.Herein,we explored the chlorination effect of the side chain on the terminals.We introduced Cl atoms into the benzyl side chains in parent BTA5 to synthesize two NFAs,BTA5-Cl with mono-chlorinated benzyl groups and BTA5-2Cl containing bi-chlorinated benzyl groups.We chose D18-Cl with deep-energy levels and strong crystallinity to pair with these three acceptors,affording high photovoltage and photocurrent.With the stepwise chlorination,the open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))values decrease from 1.28,1.22,to 1.20 V,while the corresponding power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)improve from 5.07%,9.15%,to 10.96%.Compared with BTA5-based OSCs,introducing Cl atoms downshifts the energy levels and slightly increases the non-radiative energy loss(0.14<0.17<0.19 e V),resulting in a sequential decrease in VO C.However,more chlorine atom replacements produce more effective exciton dissociation,higher charge transfer,and balanced carrier mobility in the blend films,ultimately achieving better PCEs.This work indicates that chlorination of the benzyl group on the terminals can improve the device's performance,implying good application potential in indoor photovoltaics.
基金supported by National key Research and Development Program“Security Protection Technology for Critical Information Infrastructure of Distribution Network”(2022YFB3105100).
文摘In the context of the diversity of smart terminals,the unity of the root of trust becomes complicated,which not only affects the efficiency of trust propagation,but also poses a challenge to the security of the whole system.In particular,the solidification of the root of trust in non-volatile memory(NVM)restricts the system’s dynamic updating capability,which is an obvious disadvantage in a rapidly changing security environment.To address this issue,this study proposes a novel approach to generate root security parameters using static random access memory(SRAM)physical unclonable functions(PUFs).SRAM PUFs,as a security primitive,show great potential in lightweight security solutions due to their inherent physical properties,low cost and scalability.However,the stability of SRAM PUFs in harsh environments is a key issue.These environmental conditions include extreme temperatures,high humidity,and strong electromagnetic radiation,all of which can affect the performance of SRAM PUFs.In order to ensure the stability of root safety parameters under these conditions,this study proposes an integrated approach that covers not only the acquisition of entropy sources,but also the implementation of algorithms and configuration management.In addition,this study develops a series of reliability-enhancing algorithms,including adaptive parameter selection,data preprocessing,auxiliary data generation,and error correction,which are essential for improving the performance of SRAM PUFs in harsh environments.Based on these techniques,this study establishes six types of secure parameter generation mechanisms,which not only improve the security of the system,but also enhance its adaptability in variable environments.Through a series of experiments,we verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.Under 10 different environmental conditions,our method is able to achieve full recovery of security data with an error rate of less than 25%,which proves the robustness and reliability of our method.These results not only provide strong evidence for the stability of SRAM PUFs in practical applications,but also provide a new direction for future research in the field of smart terminal security.
