Since their birth in 2012,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have demonstrated astonishing development potential in the fields of energy,sensing,and advanced materials science.The capability of TENGs to convert high-e...Since their birth in 2012,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have demonstrated astonishing development potential in the fields of energy,sensing,and advanced materials science.The capability of TENGs to convert high-entropy energy into electrical signals has led to technological breakthroughs in multiple domains.In the field of energy harvesting,TENGs have moved beyond conventional fluid energy harvesting,harvesting energy even from slow,low-frequency fluid motion.This has given them significant advantages in distributed energy scenarios.In the field of intelligent sensing,TENG-based sensors have achieved high sensitivity,driving advancements in the industrial Internet of Things and environmental monitoring.High-voltage output(tens of kilovolts)and contact electrification are two characteristics of TENGs.Based on these two characteristics,TENGs can be used to develop new high-voltage power sources and interface probe applications.This topical review introduces the working principles and theoretical foundations of TENGs and then presents four of their cutting-edge applications:fluid energy harvesting,self-adaptive sensors and systems,high-voltage power sources,and interface probes.Finally,the current challenges faced by TENGs in these fields are discussed,and some solutions are offered.This review not only provides a comprehensive overview of the latest applications of TENGs but also offers guidance for their future development.展开更多
Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGS)represent a cutting-edge class of devices for energy conversion and self-powered sensing.The selection of appror priate triboelectric and conductive materials is critical in determin...Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGS)represent a cutting-edge class of devices for energy conversion and self-powered sensing.The selection of appror priate triboelectric and conductive materials is critical in determining the performance of TENGS.In recent years,MXenes,particularly T,C,MXenes,have emerged as promising candidates for triboelectric/conductive materials in TENGS.To elucidate the multifaceted roles of MXenes,this review examines their applications from a materials science perspective.The applications are categorized into four types based on the functional layers of TENGS where MXenes are applied:(1)MXene films as conductive laye rs,(2)MXene films as triboelectric layers,(3)MXene nanosheets as fillers in polymer-based triboelectric layers,and(4)MXene films as charge trapping layers.The rationale and advantages of utilizi ng MXenes in each application are analyzed and elucidated.Owing to their unique combination of properties,including electronegativity,electrical conductivity,and flexibility,MXenes demonstrate remarkable versatility in all functional layers,either as pure films or composite films.Systematic analysis reveals that MXene composite films are particularly promising for various applications.This review represents the first comprehensive attempt to classify MXene applications in TENGS and articulate their inherent advantages,thereby providing a foundation for the design and development of high-performance MXene-based TENGS.展开更多
Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,whi...Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,which have to function under harsh space conditions such as extreme temperatures(−270 to 1650℃),microgravity(10^(-6)g),unhealthy humidity(<20%RH or>60%RH),high atmospheric pressure(~1450 psi),and radiation(4000–5000 mSv).Conventional energy-harvesting technologies(solar cells,fuel cells,and nuclear energy),that are normally used to power these space systems have certain limitations(e.g.,sunlight dependence,weight,degradation,big size,high cost,low capacity,radioactivity,complexity,and low efficiency).The constraints in conventional energy resources have made it imperative to look for non-conventional yet efficient alternatives.A great potential for enhancing efficiency,sustainability,and mission duration in space exploration can be offered by integrating triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)with existing energy sources.Recently,the potential of TENG including energy harvesting(from vibrations/movements in satellites and spacecraft),self-powered sensing,and microgravity,for multiple applications in different space missions has been discussed.This review comprehensively covers the use of TENGs for various space applications,such as planetary exploration missions(Mars environment monitoring),manned space equipment,In-orbit robotic operations/collision monitoring,spacecraft’s design and structural health monitoring,Aeronautical systems,and conventional energy harvesting(solar and nuclear).This review also discusses the use of self-powered TENG sensors for deep space object perception.At the same time,this review compares TENGs with conventional energy harvesting technologies for space systems.Lastly,this review talks about energy harvesting in satellites,TENG-based satellite communication systems,and future practical implementation challenges(with possible solutions).展开更多
The rapid development of nanotechnology has significantly revolutionized wearable electronics and expanded their functionality.Through introducing innovative solutions for energy harvesting and autonomous sensing,this...The rapid development of nanotechnology has significantly revolutionized wearable electronics and expanded their functionality.Through introducing innovative solutions for energy harvesting and autonomous sensing,this research presents a cost-effective strategy to enhance the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs).The TENG was fabricated from polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)and N,N'-poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)blend with a porous structure via a novel optimized quenching method.The developed approach results in a highβ-phase content(85.7%)PVDF/3wt.%PMMA porous blend,known for its superior piezoelectric properties.PVDF/3wt.%PMMA modified porous TENG demonstrates remarkable electrical output,with a dielectric constant of 40 and an open-circuit voltage of approximately 600 V.The porous matrix notably increases durability,enduring over 36000 operational cycles without performance degradation.Moreover,practical applications were explored in this research,including powering LEDs and pacemakers with a maximum power output of 750mWm^(-2).Also,TENG served as a self-powered tactile sensor for robotic applications in various temperature conditions.The work highlights the potential of the PVDF/PMMA porous blend to utilize the next-generation self-powered sensors and power small electronic devices.展开更多
Although traditional soft magnetic materials have been investigated to improve triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)performance,their electrical output performance remains insufficient.Magnetic high-entropy alloys(HEAs),a...Although traditional soft magnetic materials have been investigated to improve triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)performance,their electrical output performance remains insufficient.Magnetic high-entropy alloys(HEAs),a new type of magnetic functional material,possess excellent mechanical and magnetic properties.However,the electrical characteristics of TENGs based on magnetic HEAs remain unexplored.Therefore,a TENG based on polyvinylidene fluoride/HEA-polyamide 66(PHP-TENG)is proposed in this study.The coupling of displacement current from the polarization field and magnetization current generated by time-varying electric-field magnetization of magnetic HEAs can improve the electrical characteristics of TENGs.The maximum voltage,current,and power density of the PHP-TENG are 156.34 V,1.56μA,and 188.40 mW·m^(−2),respectively.PHP-TENG maintains a stable current output even after 20,000 cycles.Furthermore,it can power a 47μF commercial capacitor to 2.5 V in 70 s and propel a hygrometer to function normally.In addition,PHP-TENG exhibits satisfactory sensitivity to humidity.These results indicate that TENGs based on magnetic HEAs exhibit potential for high-efficiency energy-collecting devices.展开更多
The application of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)for collecting and converting waste energy into usable electrical energy has been widely reported.However,their practical application in real-time,self-powered com...The application of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)for collecting and converting waste energy into usable electrical energy has been widely reported.However,their practical application in real-time,self-powered communication systems,particularly for robust information transmission,remains underexplored.To achieve stable self-energy supply information transmission,this study presents a lightweight and flexible single-electrode TENG sensor based on a copper(Cu)foil and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)composite.We systematically studied the stability of the device and found that it could maintain an output voltage of approximately 9 V after being stored at room temperature for 1 month.We also evaluated its power generation capacity,which was demonstrated by successfully lighting up to seven LEDs simultaneously.Additionally,we utilized its unique voltage signal to transmit Morse code and successfully sent the messages“SOS”and“HELLO”over a long distance.Furthermore,a 2×2 TENG array was fabricated and tested,confirming excellent channel independence with minimal crosstalk during simultaneous or selective activation.This work demonstrates that the Cu/PTFE TENG sensor is not only a stable energy harvester but also a viable platform for self-powered communication and distributed sensing and holds promise in applications integrating flexible electronics and the Internet of things.展开更多
1|Background The innovation of triboelectric nanogenerators and their application in self‐powered sensors[1-3]provides a new strat-egy for sensor development.Such a development is becoming an important part of IoT as...1|Background The innovation of triboelectric nanogenerators and their application in self‐powered sensors[1-3]provides a new strat-egy for sensor development.Such a development is becoming an important part of IoT as a large number of sensors are needed to sense different things and communicate over net-works.Among the sensors,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)based sensors are attracting rising attention during the last 10 years.A unique feature of the TENG sensors is the self‐powering,which eliminates the need for batteries that are normally required of other types of sensors.In the early years of TENG sensors,researchers focused on the sensors'feasibility,flexibility,and sensitivity[4-7].Lately,TENG sensing systems[8,9]have been developed to obtain information from different places and times,which provides more data to be analyzed to describe a specific scenario.Moreover,the data could be communicated over a cloud.展开更多
Vibration energy harvesting presents a significant opportunity for powering wireless sensor networks and internet of things(IoT)devices,offering a sustainable alternative to traditional battery-based power sources.How...Vibration energy harvesting presents a significant opportunity for powering wireless sensor networks and internet of things(IoT)devices,offering a sustainable alternative to traditional battery-based power sources.However,environmental vibrations are predominantly low-frequency,which presents a significant challenge to the efficient conversion of such energy.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a novel twodegree-of-freedom(2-DOF)energy harvester.The first layer of the harvester incorporates a piezoelectric composite beam(PCB)paired with permanent magnets to form a negative stiffness mechanism(NSM),which counteracts the stiffness of linear springs,thereby achieving quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)or bistable characteristics.The second layer integrates piezoelectric transduction units with triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)units to further enhance the efficiency of low-frequency vibration energy conversion.By considering the modal characteristics of the PCB,this paper establishes the electromechanical coupling equations of the harvester from an energy perspective.The mechanical responses of the masses in both layers,as well as the electrical outputs of the PCB,are analytically solved.Furthermore,the effects of the system parameters on the efficiency of low-frequency vibration energy harvesting are thoroughly analyzed.This work provides a theoretical foundation for the development of self-powered IoT sensor nodes,enabling efficient energy harvesting from ambient low-frequency vibrations.展开更多
The use of water resources for energy generation has become increasingly prevalent,encompassing the conversion of kinetic energy from streams,tides,and waves into renewable electrical power.Water energy sources offer ...The use of water resources for energy generation has become increasingly prevalent,encompassing the conversion of kinetic energy from streams,tides,and waves into renewable electrical power.Water energy sources offer numerous benefits,including widespread availability,stability,and the absence of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions,making them a clean and environmentally friendly form of energy.In this work,we develop a droplet-based liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator(LS-TENG)using sophisticatedly designed inflatable columnar structures with inner and outer dual-electrodes.This device can be utilized to harvest both the internal droplet-rolling mechanical energy and the external droplet-falling mechanical energy,capable of being assembled into various structures for versatile applications.The design incorporates a combined structure of both internal and external TENG to optimize output performance via multiple energy harvesting strategies.The internal structure features a dual-electrode columnar-shaped LS-TENG,designed to harvest fluid kinetic energy from water droplets.By leveraging the back-and-forth motion of a small amount of water within the air column,mechanical energy can be readily collected,achieving a maximum mass power density of 9.02 W·Kg^(−1)and an energy conversion efficiency of 10.358%.The external component is a droplet-based LS-TENG,which utilizes a double-layer capacitor switch effect elucidated with an equivalent circuit model.Remarkably,without the need for pre-charging,a single droplet can generate over 140 V of high voltage,achieving a maximum power density of 7.35 W·m^(−2)and an energy conversion efficiency of 22.058%.The combined LS-TENG with a sophisticated inflatable columnar structure can simultaneously collect multiple types of energy with high efficacy,exhibiting great significance in potential applications such as TENG aeration rollers,inflatable lifejacket,wind energy harvesting,TENG tents,and green houses.展开更多
This paper provides an overview of the recent advancements in magnetic structured triboelectric nanogenerators(MSTENGs)and their potential for energy harvesting and sensing in coastal bridge infrastructure.This paper ...This paper provides an overview of the recent advancements in magnetic structured triboelectric nanogenerators(MSTENGs)and their potential for energy harvesting and sensing in coastal bridge infrastructure.This paper begins with a brief discussion on the fundamental physics modes of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs),triboelectric series,and factors affecting TENG power generation and transmission,providing a foundation for the subsequent sections.The review focuses on the different types of MSTENGs and their applications in coastal infrastructure.Specifically,it covers magnetic spherical TENG networks,magnet-assisted TENGs,MSTENGs for bridges,and magnetic multilayer structures based on TENGs.The advantages and limitations of each type of MSTENG are discussed in detail,highlighting their respective suitability for different coastal bridge infrastructure applications.In addition,the paper addresses the challenges and provides insights into the future of MSTENGs.These include the need for improved durability and sustainability of MSTENGs in harsh coastal environments,increasing their power-output levels to fulfll high energy needs,and the requirement for collaborative efforts between academia,industry,and government institutions to optimize MSTENG performance.展开更多
High performance is always the research objective in developing triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)for future versatile applications.In this study,flexible triboelectric membranes were prepared based on polyimide(PI)m...High performance is always the research objective in developing triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)for future versatile applications.In this study,flexible triboelectric membranes were prepared based on polyimide(PI)membranes doped with barium titanate(BTO)nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs).The piezoelectric BTO nanoparticles were incorporated to boost the electric outputs by the synergistic effect of piezoelectricity and triboelectricity and MWCNTs were incorporated to provide a microcapacitor structure for enhancing the performance of TENGs.When the mass fraction of the BTO nanoparticle was 10%and the mass fraction of the MWCNT was 0.1%,the corresponding TENG achieved optimum electric outputs(an open-circuit voltage of around 65 V,a short-circuit current of about 20.0μA and a transferred charge of about 25.0 nC),much higher than those of the TENG with a single PI membrane.The TENG is potentially used to supply energy for commercial light-emitting diodes and as self-powered sensors to monitor human physical training conditions.This research provides a guideline for developing TENGs with high performance,which is crucial for their long-term use.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52277227).
文摘Since their birth in 2012,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have demonstrated astonishing development potential in the fields of energy,sensing,and advanced materials science.The capability of TENGs to convert high-entropy energy into electrical signals has led to technological breakthroughs in multiple domains.In the field of energy harvesting,TENGs have moved beyond conventional fluid energy harvesting,harvesting energy even from slow,low-frequency fluid motion.This has given them significant advantages in distributed energy scenarios.In the field of intelligent sensing,TENG-based sensors have achieved high sensitivity,driving advancements in the industrial Internet of Things and environmental monitoring.High-voltage output(tens of kilovolts)and contact electrification are two characteristics of TENGs.Based on these two characteristics,TENGs can be used to develop new high-voltage power sources and interface probe applications.This topical review introduces the working principles and theoretical foundations of TENGs and then presents four of their cutting-edge applications:fluid energy harvesting,self-adaptive sensors and systems,high-voltage power sources,and interface probes.Finally,the current challenges faced by TENGs in these fields are discussed,and some solutions are offered.This review not only provides a comprehensive overview of the latest applications of TENGs but also offers guidance for their future development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372284)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.232300421135).
文摘Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGS)represent a cutting-edge class of devices for energy conversion and self-powered sensing.The selection of appror priate triboelectric and conductive materials is critical in determining the performance of TENGS.In recent years,MXenes,particularly T,C,MXenes,have emerged as promising candidates for triboelectric/conductive materials in TENGS.To elucidate the multifaceted roles of MXenes,this review examines their applications from a materials science perspective.The applications are categorized into four types based on the functional layers of TENGS where MXenes are applied:(1)MXene films as conductive laye rs,(2)MXene films as triboelectric layers,(3)MXene nanosheets as fillers in polymer-based triboelectric layers,and(4)MXene films as charge trapping layers.The rationale and advantages of utilizi ng MXenes in each application are analyzed and elucidated.Owing to their unique combination of properties,including electronegativity,electrical conductivity,and flexibility,MXenes demonstrate remarkable versatility in all functional layers,either as pure films or composite films.Systematic analysis reveals that MXene composite films are particularly promising for various applications.This review represents the first comprehensive attempt to classify MXene applications in TENGS and articulate their inherent advantages,thereby providing a foundation for the design and development of high-performance MXene-based TENGS.
基金supported by Swedish Research Council(Vetenskapsradet,2023-04962).
文摘Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,which have to function under harsh space conditions such as extreme temperatures(−270 to 1650℃),microgravity(10^(-6)g),unhealthy humidity(<20%RH or>60%RH),high atmospheric pressure(~1450 psi),and radiation(4000–5000 mSv).Conventional energy-harvesting technologies(solar cells,fuel cells,and nuclear energy),that are normally used to power these space systems have certain limitations(e.g.,sunlight dependence,weight,degradation,big size,high cost,low capacity,radioactivity,complexity,and low efficiency).The constraints in conventional energy resources have made it imperative to look for non-conventional yet efficient alternatives.A great potential for enhancing efficiency,sustainability,and mission duration in space exploration can be offered by integrating triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)with existing energy sources.Recently,the potential of TENG including energy harvesting(from vibrations/movements in satellites and spacecraft),self-powered sensing,and microgravity,for multiple applications in different space missions has been discussed.This review comprehensively covers the use of TENGs for various space applications,such as planetary exploration missions(Mars environment monitoring),manned space equipment,In-orbit robotic operations/collision monitoring,spacecraft’s design and structural health monitoring,Aeronautical systems,and conventional energy harvesting(solar and nuclear).This review also discusses the use of self-powered TENG sensors for deep space object perception.At the same time,this review compares TENGs with conventional energy harvesting technologies for space systems.Lastly,this review talks about energy harvesting in satellites,TENG-based satellite communication systems,and future practical implementation challenges(with possible solutions).
基金supported by the research projects AP14869428 from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan20122022FD4135 from Nazarbayev University.
文摘The rapid development of nanotechnology has significantly revolutionized wearable electronics and expanded their functionality.Through introducing innovative solutions for energy harvesting and autonomous sensing,this research presents a cost-effective strategy to enhance the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs).The TENG was fabricated from polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)and N,N'-poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)blend with a porous structure via a novel optimized quenching method.The developed approach results in a highβ-phase content(85.7%)PVDF/3wt.%PMMA porous blend,known for its superior piezoelectric properties.PVDF/3wt.%PMMA modified porous TENG demonstrates remarkable electrical output,with a dielectric constant of 40 and an open-circuit voltage of approximately 600 V.The porous matrix notably increases durability,enduring over 36000 operational cycles without performance degradation.Moreover,practical applications were explored in this research,including powering LEDs and pacemakers with a maximum power output of 750mWm^(-2).Also,TENG served as a self-powered tactile sensor for robotic applications in various temperature conditions.The work highlights the potential of the PVDF/PMMA porous blend to utilize the next-generation self-powered sensors and power small electronic devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52273077)the State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers&Eco-Textiles,Qingdao University(Nos.ZDKT202108 and G2RC202022).
文摘Although traditional soft magnetic materials have been investigated to improve triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)performance,their electrical output performance remains insufficient.Magnetic high-entropy alloys(HEAs),a new type of magnetic functional material,possess excellent mechanical and magnetic properties.However,the electrical characteristics of TENGs based on magnetic HEAs remain unexplored.Therefore,a TENG based on polyvinylidene fluoride/HEA-polyamide 66(PHP-TENG)is proposed in this study.The coupling of displacement current from the polarization field and magnetization current generated by time-varying electric-field magnetization of magnetic HEAs can improve the electrical characteristics of TENGs.The maximum voltage,current,and power density of the PHP-TENG are 156.34 V,1.56μA,and 188.40 mW·m^(−2),respectively.PHP-TENG maintains a stable current output even after 20,000 cycles.Furthermore,it can power a 47μF commercial capacitor to 2.5 V in 70 s and propel a hygrometer to function normally.In addition,PHP-TENG exhibits satisfactory sensitivity to humidity.These results indicate that TENGs based on magnetic HEAs exhibit potential for high-efficiency energy-collecting devices.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University(Grant No.2021KF005).
文摘The application of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)for collecting and converting waste energy into usable electrical energy has been widely reported.However,their practical application in real-time,self-powered communication systems,particularly for robust information transmission,remains underexplored.To achieve stable self-energy supply information transmission,this study presents a lightweight and flexible single-electrode TENG sensor based on a copper(Cu)foil and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)composite.We systematically studied the stability of the device and found that it could maintain an output voltage of approximately 9 V after being stored at room temperature for 1 month.We also evaluated its power generation capacity,which was demonstrated by successfully lighting up to seven LEDs simultaneously.Additionally,we utilized its unique voltage signal to transmit Morse code and successfully sent the messages“SOS”and“HELLO”over a long distance.Furthermore,a 2×2 TENG array was fabricated and tested,confirming excellent channel independence with minimal crosstalk during simultaneous or selective activation.This work demonstrates that the Cu/PTFE TENG sensor is not only a stable energy harvester but also a viable platform for self-powered communication and distributed sensing and holds promise in applications integrating flexible electronics and the Internet of things.
基金supported by the Swedish Research Council,Stiftelsen Promobilia and the Knowledge Foundation of Sweden.
文摘1|Background The innovation of triboelectric nanogenerators and their application in self‐powered sensors[1-3]provides a new strat-egy for sensor development.Such a development is becoming an important part of IoT as a large number of sensors are needed to sense different things and communicate over net-works.Among the sensors,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)based sensors are attracting rising attention during the last 10 years.A unique feature of the TENG sensors is the self‐powering,which eliminates the need for batteries that are normally required of other types of sensors.In the early years of TENG sensors,researchers focused on the sensors'feasibility,flexibility,and sensitivity[4-7].Lately,TENG sensing systems[8,9]have been developed to obtain information from different places and times,which provides more data to be analyzed to describe a specific scenario.Moreover,the data could be communicated over a cloud.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFB3408700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12272129 and 12122206)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.2024JJ4004 and 2024JJ3003)the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation of Hunan Province(No.CX20240444)。
文摘Vibration energy harvesting presents a significant opportunity for powering wireless sensor networks and internet of things(IoT)devices,offering a sustainable alternative to traditional battery-based power sources.However,environmental vibrations are predominantly low-frequency,which presents a significant challenge to the efficient conversion of such energy.To address this challenge,this paper proposes a novel twodegree-of-freedom(2-DOF)energy harvester.The first layer of the harvester incorporates a piezoelectric composite beam(PCB)paired with permanent magnets to form a negative stiffness mechanism(NSM),which counteracts the stiffness of linear springs,thereby achieving quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)or bistable characteristics.The second layer integrates piezoelectric transduction units with triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)units to further enhance the efficiency of low-frequency vibration energy conversion.By considering the modal characteristics of the PCB,this paper establishes the electromechanical coupling equations of the harvester from an energy perspective.The mechanical responses of the masses in both layers,as well as the electrical outputs of the PCB,are analytically solved.Furthermore,the effects of the system parameters on the efficiency of low-frequency vibration energy harvesting are thoroughly analyzed.This work provides a theoretical foundation for the development of self-powered IoT sensor nodes,enabling efficient energy harvesting from ambient low-frequency vibrations.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3208102,2021YFB3200304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52073031)+2 种基金Beijing Nova Program(Z211100002121148)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(E0EG6801X2)the‘Hundred Talents Program’of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘The use of water resources for energy generation has become increasingly prevalent,encompassing the conversion of kinetic energy from streams,tides,and waves into renewable electrical power.Water energy sources offer numerous benefits,including widespread availability,stability,and the absence of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions,making them a clean and environmentally friendly form of energy.In this work,we develop a droplet-based liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator(LS-TENG)using sophisticatedly designed inflatable columnar structures with inner and outer dual-electrodes.This device can be utilized to harvest both the internal droplet-rolling mechanical energy and the external droplet-falling mechanical energy,capable of being assembled into various structures for versatile applications.The design incorporates a combined structure of both internal and external TENG to optimize output performance via multiple energy harvesting strategies.The internal structure features a dual-electrode columnar-shaped LS-TENG,designed to harvest fluid kinetic energy from water droplets.By leveraging the back-and-forth motion of a small amount of water within the air column,mechanical energy can be readily collected,achieving a maximum mass power density of 9.02 W·Kg^(−1)and an energy conversion efficiency of 10.358%.The external component is a droplet-based LS-TENG,which utilizes a double-layer capacitor switch effect elucidated with an equivalent circuit model.Remarkably,without the need for pre-charging,a single droplet can generate over 140 V of high voltage,achieving a maximum power density of 7.35 W·m^(−2)and an energy conversion efficiency of 22.058%.The combined LS-TENG with a sophisticated inflatable columnar structure can simultaneously collect multiple types of energy with high efficacy,exhibiting great significance in potential applications such as TENG aeration rollers,inflatable lifejacket,wind energy harvesting,TENG tents,and green houses.
文摘This paper provides an overview of the recent advancements in magnetic structured triboelectric nanogenerators(MSTENGs)and their potential for energy harvesting and sensing in coastal bridge infrastructure.This paper begins with a brief discussion on the fundamental physics modes of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs),triboelectric series,and factors affecting TENG power generation and transmission,providing a foundation for the subsequent sections.The review focuses on the different types of MSTENGs and their applications in coastal infrastructure.Specifically,it covers magnetic spherical TENG networks,magnet-assisted TENGs,MSTENGs for bridges,and magnetic multilayer structures based on TENGs.The advantages and limitations of each type of MSTENG are discussed in detail,highlighting their respective suitability for different coastal bridge infrastructure applications.In addition,the paper addresses the challenges and provides insights into the future of MSTENGs.These include the need for improved durability and sustainability of MSTENGs in harsh coastal environments,increasing their power-output levels to fulfll high energy needs,and the requirement for collaborative efforts between academia,industry,and government institutions to optimize MSTENG performance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52103267)。
文摘High performance is always the research objective in developing triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)for future versatile applications.In this study,flexible triboelectric membranes were prepared based on polyimide(PI)membranes doped with barium titanate(BTO)nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs).The piezoelectric BTO nanoparticles were incorporated to boost the electric outputs by the synergistic effect of piezoelectricity and triboelectricity and MWCNTs were incorporated to provide a microcapacitor structure for enhancing the performance of TENGs.When the mass fraction of the BTO nanoparticle was 10%and the mass fraction of the MWCNT was 0.1%,the corresponding TENG achieved optimum electric outputs(an open-circuit voltage of around 65 V,a short-circuit current of about 20.0μA and a transferred charge of about 25.0 nC),much higher than those of the TENG with a single PI membrane.The TENG is potentially used to supply energy for commercial light-emitting diodes and as self-powered sensors to monitor human physical training conditions.This research provides a guideline for developing TENGs with high performance,which is crucial for their long-term use.
