More studies have indicated that polysaccharide sulfate has anti-coagulant activity.Now,heparin is the most popular anticoagulant used in clinic,however,its side effects have also caused highly concern.It is still und...More studies have indicated that polysaccharide sulfate has anti-coagulant activity.Now,heparin is the most popular anticoagulant used in clinic,however,its side effects have also caused highly concern.It is still under intensive investigations to synthesize effective safe polysaccharide sulfate as heparin substitute.We extracted water-soluble polysaccharide from fermented mycelium of edible polyporus albicans（Imaz.） teng,and got the water-soluble polyporus albicans teng sulfate（PATS） by modifying the water-solubility polyose with the method of chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine.The anti-coagulant assay of PATS in vitro towards normal human plasma indicates its remarkable anticoagulant activity,while the dose could be as low as 5 mg/L for anticoagulation.The anti-coagulant effect was equivalent to that of heparin about 150 U when the concentration of PATS was 10 mg/L.The study on anti-coagulation mechanism suggests that PATS got involved in the intrinsic pathway.The anti-coagulation activity of PATS was due to the inhibition of the coagulation factors IIa and Xa activities mediated by antithrombin Ⅲ（ATIII）.The anti-coagulation mechanism of PATS is absolutely identical to that of heparin.In conclusion,we suggest that PATS has the similar anti-coagulation characteristic to heparin,but with a better anti-coagulation effect.Meanwhile,derived from edible fungus-polysaccharide,PATS has more bio-safety advantage.Therefore,PATS has promising future to be developed and used as an ideal substitute for heparin in clinic.展开更多
Raindrops contain abundant renewable energy including both kinetic energy and electrostatic energy,and how to effectively harvest it becomes a hot research topic.Recently,a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)using liqui...Raindrops contain abundant renewable energy including both kinetic energy and electrostatic energy,and how to effectively harvest it becomes a hot research topic.Recently,a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)using liquid-solid contact electrification has been demonstrated for achieving an ultra-high instantaneous power output.However,when harvesting the energy from the dense raindrops instead of a single droplet,a more rational structure to eliminate the mutual influence of individual generation units is needed for maximize the output.In this work,a“solar panel-like”bridge array generators(BAGs)is proposed.By adopting array lower electrodes(ALE)and bridge reflux structure(BRS),BAGs could minimize the sharp drop in the peak power output for large-scale energy harvesting devices.When the area of the raindrop energy harvesting device is 15×15 cm2,the peak power output of BAGs reached 200 W/m2,which is remarkable for paving a potential industrial approach for effective harvesting raindrop energy at a large scale.展开更多
Background:This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of the Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe on ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment through its potential to modulate cellular autophagy,with a focus on id...Background:This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of the Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe on ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment through its potential to modulate cellular autophagy,with a focus on identifying its active ingredients and their target proteins.Methods:The study began with the identification of active ingredients in the Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe.It proceeded to screen the gene expression omnibus database for ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment-associated differentially expressed mRNAs and to identify cellular autophagy-related proteins via the Human Autophagy Database.These proteins were annotated with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functions and subjected to molecular docking with the recipe’s core active ingredients.In vitro cell experiments were conducted on hypoxic HT22 cells,involving CCK8 assay,lentiviral transfection to silence autophagy related 9B(ATG9B),immunofluorescence staining,and qPCR validation to investigate the effects of the recipe on autophagy.Results:The analysis identified 104 active ingredients targeting 408 proteins and forming a complex ingredient-target network.Intersecting 55 ischemic stroke-related and 909 vascular cognitive impairment-related differentially expressed mRNAs revealed 14 co-expressed mRNAs.Molecular docking showed quercetin,kaempferol,myrcene,and conferone as key ingredients targeting autophagy-related proteins.Cellular experiments indicated that the recipe significantly enhanced cell viability under hypoxic conditions,reduced apoptosis,and modulated the expression of autophagy-related factors,thereby decreasing apoptosis rates in HT22 cells.Conclusion:The Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe offers protective effects against ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment by modulating autophagy-related proteins.Its efficacy highlights the potential of traditional Chinese medicine in treating these conditions,though further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and clinical applications.展开更多
Objecrive:To investigate the expression of TNF-αand NF-κB in the uterus of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease(CPID)model rats.Methods:40 female rats that adaptive fed for 5 days were randomly divided into normal gr...Objecrive:To investigate the expression of TNF-αand NF-κB in the uterus of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease(CPID)model rats.Methods:40 female rats that adaptive fed for 5 days were randomly divided into normal group,model group,high dose group,medium dose group and low dosegroup.In addition to the normal group:the rats in each group were made chronic pelvic inflammatory model by mechanical injuuy combined with implantation of bacteria.The rats in each group were administrated by gavage for 20days.After the last administration,the level of TNF-αand NF-κB in serum was measured by ELASA method.Results:(1)after the establishment of the model,the uterus of the chronic pelvic inflammatory model rats showed the pathological damage of chroic infilammation;the levels of lNF-αand NF-κB inserum were higher than those in the normal group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)After the drug intervention,the uterine tissue morphology of the rats in the Zhuang Yi Liu Fang Teng Fang Group was basically restored to normal,with only a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and other pathological changes;compared with the rats in the model group,the TNF-αin serum of the rats in each treatment group was lower,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of NF-κB in serum of each treatment group was lower fthan that of the model group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Zhuang Yi Liu Teng Fang can efectively improve the endometrial histomorphology of CPID model rats,and regulate the levels of TNF-αand NF-κB in the uterus of chronic pelvic inflammatory model rats.展开更多
The Teng people are an ethnic group who live in the boundary area of Tibet.For various reasons,the survey of ethnic minorities in China.conducted in the 1950s,excluded the Teng people. Nevertheless,the products,the li...The Teng people are an ethnic group who live in the boundary area of Tibet.For various reasons,the survey of ethnic minorities in China.conducted in the 1950s,excluded the Teng people. Nevertheless,the products,the lifestyle and even the culture of the Teng people are unique amongst ethnic Tibetan.Moinpa, and Lhopa.They are,therefore,named as the"Teng people".展开更多
Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGS)represent a cutting-edge class of devices for energy conversion and self-powered sensing.The selection of appror priate triboelectric and conductive materials is critical in determin...Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGS)represent a cutting-edge class of devices for energy conversion and self-powered sensing.The selection of appror priate triboelectric and conductive materials is critical in determining the performance of TENGS.In recent years,MXenes,particularly T,C,MXenes,have emerged as promising candidates for triboelectric/conductive materials in TENGS.To elucidate the multifaceted roles of MXenes,this review examines their applications from a materials science perspective.The applications are categorized into four types based on the functional layers of TENGS where MXenes are applied:(1)MXene films as conductive laye rs,(2)MXene films as triboelectric layers,(3)MXene nanosheets as fillers in polymer-based triboelectric layers,and(4)MXene films as charge trapping layers.The rationale and advantages of utilizi ng MXenes in each application are analyzed and elucidated.Owing to their unique combination of properties,including electronegativity,electrical conductivity,and flexibility,MXenes demonstrate remarkable versatility in all functional layers,either as pure films or composite films.Systematic analysis reveals that MXene composite films are particularly promising for various applications.This review represents the first comprehensive attempt to classify MXene applications in TENGS and articulate their inherent advantages,thereby providing a foundation for the design and development of high-performance MXene-based TENGS.展开更多
Since their birth in 2012,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have demonstrated astonishing development potential in the fields of energy,sensing,and advanced materials science.The capability of TENGs to convert high-e...Since their birth in 2012,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have demonstrated astonishing development potential in the fields of energy,sensing,and advanced materials science.The capability of TENGs to convert high-entropy energy into electrical signals has led to technological breakthroughs in multiple domains.In the field of energy harvesting,TENGs have moved beyond conventional fluid energy harvesting,harvesting energy even from slow,low-frequency fluid motion.This has given them significant advantages in distributed energy scenarios.In the field of intelligent sensing,TENG-based sensors have achieved high sensitivity,driving advancements in the industrial Internet of Things and environmental monitoring.High-voltage output(tens of kilovolts)and contact electrification are two characteristics of TENGs.Based on these two characteristics,TENGs can be used to develop new high-voltage power sources and interface probe applications.This topical review introduces the working principles and theoretical foundations of TENGs and then presents four of their cutting-edge applications:fluid energy harvesting,self-adaptive sensors and systems,high-voltage power sources,and interface probes.Finally,the current challenges faced by TENGs in these fields are discussed,and some solutions are offered.This review not only provides a comprehensive overview of the latest applications of TENGs but also offers guidance for their future development.展开更多
Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)are promising for self-powered biomedical applications such as wound healing,cancer therapy,and biosensing.However,their dependence on external wires and electrodes limits usability ...Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)are promising for self-powered biomedical applications such as wound healing,cancer therapy,and biosensing.However,their dependence on external wires and electrodes limits usability and comfort.Here,we introduce a wire-free approach using dermal conductive tattoos.Unlike conventional systems requiring a back conductor,our method uses skin as the triboelectric layer,with charge transferred via subdermal conductive tattoos—eliminating external accessories.This concept was validated through triboelectric testing of skin,tattoo performance on artificial models,bioresorbable ink development,and in vivo voltage generation.The system successfully accelerated wound healing in freely walking animals,powered solely by body motion.The use of bioresorbable zinc-based inks enabled temporary functionality that disappeared naturally with the healing process.Furthermore,the tattooed electrodes can be seamlessly merged with artistic designs,paving the way for next-generation bioelectronic tattoos that are both therapeutic and aesthetically personalized.展开更多
Ionogel,a novel flexible electronic material,presents a plethora of applications.Despite its potential,the fabrication of multifunctional ionogel with high-performance suitable for diverse scenarios remains a signific...Ionogel,a novel flexible electronic material,presents a plethora of applications.Despite its potential,the fabrication of multifunctional ionogel with high-performance suitable for diverse scenarios remains a significant challenge.In this study,we prepare a multifunctional amphibious ionogel skin(AIGS)using a polymerizable ionic liquid(PIL)and a conductive ionic liquid(IL)in conjunction with titanium carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-MXene).The resulting soft AIGS materials exhibit ductility,self-healing,and robust adhesion in mechanical properties due to non-covalent interactions,such as ion-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding.They also demonstrate a wide sensing range(2%-400%),high sensing sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)up to 6.06),and stable sensing performance(good reliability and stability after strain)in electrical properties.The hydrophobic and dynamic viscoelastic network formed by extensive C-F bonds in the used polymer matrix,ensures the AIGS's suitability for amphibious environments.We find that AIGS has excellent triboelectric properties.Utilizing AIGS as a flexible electrode,a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator(SE-TENG)was constructed,achieving outstanding output performance(~300 V open-circuit voltage,172 nA short-circuit current,and 34 nC transferred charge).This device can power commercial portable electronic devices and identify different body movements.AIGS-based wearable strain sensors have also been shown to reliably detect human motion,including larger limb movements such as finger flexion and elbow flexion and extension,as well as subtle muscle movements such as frowning and swallowing.In addition,depending on the characteristics of the AIGS application in amphibious environments,the following functions can be realized simultaneously.AIGS in an aquatic environment combined with machine learning for intelligent recognition of breathing type,in an underwater environment combined with Morse code to convey simple information,and motion monitoring in an amphibious environment,demonstrates its potential feasibility in a variety of situations.展开更多
While the instantaneous power of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)has significantly increased,the average power remains unsatisfactory.Achieving a continuous and stable output remains a significant challenge.Herein,...While the instantaneous power of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)has significantly increased,the average power remains unsatisfactory.Achieving a continuous and stable output remains a significant challenge.Herein,a self-excited vibration TENG inspired by woodpeckers is proposed.This structure converts gravitational potential energy into the continuous vibration of a cantilever beam.A dynamic simulation model of the system is established,and the influence of different structural parameters on the motion characteristics and electrical performance is discussed.Meanwhile,the experimental results indicate that the accelerated motion(approximate free-fall motion)is transformed into approximately uniform velocity motion.For a 3 cm^(2) TENG,the instantaneous power density reaches 2.03 W m^(-2),and the average power is 127%higher than that of the conventional cantilever beam mode.The proposed self-excited vibration mechanism is a promising approach for enhancing the average power and operational duration of TENGs.It shows great potential in fluid energy harvesting.展开更多
Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,whi...Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,which have to function under harsh space conditions such as extreme temperatures(−270 to 1650℃),microgravity(10^(-6)g),unhealthy humidity(<20%RH or>60%RH),high atmospheric pressure(~1450 psi),and radiation(4000–5000 mSv).Conventional energy-harvesting technologies(solar cells,fuel cells,and nuclear energy),that are normally used to power these space systems have certain limitations(e.g.,sunlight dependence,weight,degradation,big size,high cost,low capacity,radioactivity,complexity,and low efficiency).The constraints in conventional energy resources have made it imperative to look for non-conventional yet efficient alternatives.A great potential for enhancing efficiency,sustainability,and mission duration in space exploration can be offered by integrating triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)with existing energy sources.Recently,the potential of TENG including energy harvesting(from vibrations/movements in satellites and spacecraft),self-powered sensing,and microgravity,for multiple applications in different space missions has been discussed.This review comprehensively covers the use of TENGs for various space applications,such as planetary exploration missions(Mars environment monitoring),manned space equipment,In-orbit robotic operations/collision monitoring,spacecraft’s design and structural health monitoring,Aeronautical systems,and conventional energy harvesting(solar and nuclear).This review also discusses the use of self-powered TENG sensors for deep space object perception.At the same time,this review compares TENGs with conventional energy harvesting technologies for space systems.Lastly,this review talks about energy harvesting in satellites,TENG-based satellite communication systems,and future practical implementation challenges(with possible solutions).展开更多
Objective： By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time, to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Methods： A total of 468 h...Objective： By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time, to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Methods： A total of 468 healthy college student volunteers received moxibustion at the eight confluent points in three different periods of time, i.e. Chen （7：00-9：00）, Wu （11：00-13：00） and Xu （19：00-21：00）. The thermal pain threshold latency was adopted to measure the changes in pain threshold of the eight confluent points under different conditions （different periods of time, different genders, different acupoints and different states of the acupoints） based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Results： Finally, thirty subjects dropped out and 438 subjects were included. The comparison of thermal pain threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in the same opening or closing state based on Fei Teng Ba Fa： latencies of the closing points and adjunct points were significantly different in different periods of time （P〈0.05）, the latencies of the males were significantly longer than those of the females （P〈0.05）; there was no significant difference in the latency between the left and right sides （P〉0.05）; in the female group, there was a significant difference in the latency between the lower-limb points and the upper-limb points （P〈0.05）. The comparison of thermal point threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in different opening or closing state： in the period of Wu （11：00-13：00）, the latencies of the opening points were significantly longer than those of the closing points and adjunct points （P〈0.05）; for men, their opening and closing points had significantly longer thermal pain threshold latencies than their adjunct points （P〈0.05）; despite the gender, the latencies of the upper limb opening and closing points were significantly longer than the latency of the adjunct points （P〈0.05）; in the female group, the latencies of the lower-limb opening points were significantly shorter than those of the lower-limb closing and adjunct points （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Based on Fei Teng Ba Fa, the pain thresholds of the eight confluent points vary in different periods of time, gender, acupoint location and opening/closing state, which can be taken as the evidence of making time-based acu puncture-moxibustion prescriptions.展开更多
文摘More studies have indicated that polysaccharide sulfate has anti-coagulant activity.Now,heparin is the most popular anticoagulant used in clinic,however,its side effects have also caused highly concern.It is still under intensive investigations to synthesize effective safe polysaccharide sulfate as heparin substitute.We extracted water-soluble polysaccharide from fermented mycelium of edible polyporus albicans（Imaz.） teng,and got the water-soluble polyporus albicans teng sulfate（PATS） by modifying the water-solubility polyose with the method of chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine.The anti-coagulant assay of PATS in vitro towards normal human plasma indicates its remarkable anticoagulant activity,while the dose could be as low as 5 mg/L for anticoagulation.The anti-coagulant effect was equivalent to that of heparin about 150 U when the concentration of PATS was 10 mg/L.The study on anti-coagulation mechanism suggests that PATS got involved in the intrinsic pathway.The anti-coagulation activity of PATS was due to the inhibition of the coagulation factors IIa and Xa activities mediated by antithrombin Ⅲ（ATIII）.The anti-coagulation mechanism of PATS is absolutely identical to that of heparin.In conclusion,we suggest that PATS has the similar anti-coagulation characteristic to heparin,but with a better anti-coagulation effect.Meanwhile,derived from edible fungus-polysaccharide,PATS has more bio-safety advantage.Therefore,PATS has promising future to be developed and used as an ideal substitute for heparin in clinic.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant No.52007095 and in part by NSFC under Grant No.51977118.
文摘Raindrops contain abundant renewable energy including both kinetic energy and electrostatic energy,and how to effectively harvest it becomes a hot research topic.Recently,a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)using liquid-solid contact electrification has been demonstrated for achieving an ultra-high instantaneous power output.However,when harvesting the energy from the dense raindrops instead of a single droplet,a more rational structure to eliminate the mutual influence of individual generation units is needed for maximize the output.In this work,a“solar panel-like”bridge array generators(BAGs)is proposed.By adopting array lower electrodes(ALE)and bridge reflux structure(BRS),BAGs could minimize the sharp drop in the peak power output for large-scale energy harvesting devices.When the area of the raindrop energy harvesting device is 15×15 cm2,the peak power output of BAGs reached 200 W/m2,which is remarkable for paving a potential industrial approach for effective harvesting raindrop energy at a large scale.
文摘Background:This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of the Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe on ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment through its potential to modulate cellular autophagy,with a focus on identifying its active ingredients and their target proteins.Methods:The study began with the identification of active ingredients in the Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe.It proceeded to screen the gene expression omnibus database for ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment-associated differentially expressed mRNAs and to identify cellular autophagy-related proteins via the Human Autophagy Database.These proteins were annotated with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functions and subjected to molecular docking with the recipe’s core active ingredients.In vitro cell experiments were conducted on hypoxic HT22 cells,involving CCK8 assay,lentiviral transfection to silence autophagy related 9B(ATG9B),immunofluorescence staining,and qPCR validation to investigate the effects of the recipe on autophagy.Results:The analysis identified 104 active ingredients targeting 408 proteins and forming a complex ingredient-target network.Intersecting 55 ischemic stroke-related and 909 vascular cognitive impairment-related differentially expressed mRNAs revealed 14 co-expressed mRNAs.Molecular docking showed quercetin,kaempferol,myrcene,and conferone as key ingredients targeting autophagy-related proteins.Cellular experiments indicated that the recipe significantly enhanced cell viability under hypoxic conditions,reduced apoptosis,and modulated the expression of autophagy-related factors,thereby decreasing apoptosis rates in HT22 cells.Conclusion:The Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe offers protective effects against ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment by modulating autophagy-related proteins.Its efficacy highlights the potential of traditional Chinese medicine in treating these conditions,though further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and clinical applications.
基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine,No.:Gui Jiao Ke Yan〔2013〕20Guangxi first-class discipline construction project(No.Gui Jiao Ke Yan[2018]12)+1 种基金Open Project for Guangxi First-class Discipline Constuction of GuangxiUniversity of Chinese Medicine(No.2019XK038)Funded by Development Program of High-level Talent Team under Qihuang Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(No.2018005).
文摘Objecrive:To investigate the expression of TNF-αand NF-κB in the uterus of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease(CPID)model rats.Methods:40 female rats that adaptive fed for 5 days were randomly divided into normal group,model group,high dose group,medium dose group and low dosegroup.In addition to the normal group:the rats in each group were made chronic pelvic inflammatory model by mechanical injuuy combined with implantation of bacteria.The rats in each group were administrated by gavage for 20days.After the last administration,the level of TNF-αand NF-κB in serum was measured by ELASA method.Results:(1)after the establishment of the model,the uterus of the chronic pelvic inflammatory model rats showed the pathological damage of chroic infilammation;the levels of lNF-αand NF-κB inserum were higher than those in the normal group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)After the drug intervention,the uterine tissue morphology of the rats in the Zhuang Yi Liu Fang Teng Fang Group was basically restored to normal,with only a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and other pathological changes;compared with the rats in the model group,the TNF-αin serum of the rats in each treatment group was lower,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of NF-κB in serum of each treatment group was lower fthan that of the model group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Zhuang Yi Liu Teng Fang can efectively improve the endometrial histomorphology of CPID model rats,and regulate the levels of TNF-αand NF-κB in the uterus of chronic pelvic inflammatory model rats.
文摘The Teng people are an ethnic group who live in the boundary area of Tibet.For various reasons,the survey of ethnic minorities in China.conducted in the 1950s,excluded the Teng people. Nevertheless,the products,the lifestyle and even the culture of the Teng people are unique amongst ethnic Tibetan.Moinpa, and Lhopa.They are,therefore,named as the"Teng people".
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372284)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.232300421135).
文摘Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGS)represent a cutting-edge class of devices for energy conversion and self-powered sensing.The selection of appror priate triboelectric and conductive materials is critical in determining the performance of TENGS.In recent years,MXenes,particularly T,C,MXenes,have emerged as promising candidates for triboelectric/conductive materials in TENGS.To elucidate the multifaceted roles of MXenes,this review examines their applications from a materials science perspective.The applications are categorized into four types based on the functional layers of TENGS where MXenes are applied:(1)MXene films as conductive laye rs,(2)MXene films as triboelectric layers,(3)MXene nanosheets as fillers in polymer-based triboelectric layers,and(4)MXene films as charge trapping layers.The rationale and advantages of utilizi ng MXenes in each application are analyzed and elucidated.Owing to their unique combination of properties,including electronegativity,electrical conductivity,and flexibility,MXenes demonstrate remarkable versatility in all functional layers,either as pure films or composite films.Systematic analysis reveals that MXene composite films are particularly promising for various applications.This review represents the first comprehensive attempt to classify MXene applications in TENGS and articulate their inherent advantages,thereby providing a foundation for the design and development of high-performance MXene-based TENGS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52277227).
文摘Since their birth in 2012,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have demonstrated astonishing development potential in the fields of energy,sensing,and advanced materials science.The capability of TENGs to convert high-entropy energy into electrical signals has led to technological breakthroughs in multiple domains.In the field of energy harvesting,TENGs have moved beyond conventional fluid energy harvesting,harvesting energy even from slow,low-frequency fluid motion.This has given them significant advantages in distributed energy scenarios.In the field of intelligent sensing,TENG-based sensors have achieved high sensitivity,driving advancements in the industrial Internet of Things and environmental monitoring.High-voltage output(tens of kilovolts)and contact electrification are two characteristics of TENGs.Based on these two characteristics,TENGs can be used to develop new high-voltage power sources and interface probe applications.This topical review introduces the working principles and theoretical foundations of TENGs and then presents four of their cutting-edge applications:fluid energy harvesting,self-adaptive sensors and systems,high-voltage power sources,and interface probes.Finally,the current challenges faced by TENGs in these fields are discussed,and some solutions are offered.This review not only provides a comprehensive overview of the latest applications of TENGs but also offers guidance for their future development.
基金funded by Iran National Science Foundation(INSF)under project no.4022012.
文摘Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)are promising for self-powered biomedical applications such as wound healing,cancer therapy,and biosensing.However,their dependence on external wires and electrodes limits usability and comfort.Here,we introduce a wire-free approach using dermal conductive tattoos.Unlike conventional systems requiring a back conductor,our method uses skin as the triboelectric layer,with charge transferred via subdermal conductive tattoos—eliminating external accessories.This concept was validated through triboelectric testing of skin,tattoo performance on artificial models,bioresorbable ink development,and in vivo voltage generation.The system successfully accelerated wound healing in freely walking animals,powered solely by body motion.The use of bioresorbable zinc-based inks enabled temporary functionality that disappeared naturally with the healing process.Furthermore,the tattooed electrodes can be seamlessly merged with artistic designs,paving the way for next-generation bioelectronic tattoos that are both therapeutic and aesthetically personalized.
基金Outstanding Talent in Tianjin(JC20230428)Young Scientific and Technological Talents(Level Three)in Tianjin(QN20230304)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.AMMS-QNPY-2021-008,2021ZZKY02)。
文摘Ionogel,a novel flexible electronic material,presents a plethora of applications.Despite its potential,the fabrication of multifunctional ionogel with high-performance suitable for diverse scenarios remains a significant challenge.In this study,we prepare a multifunctional amphibious ionogel skin(AIGS)using a polymerizable ionic liquid(PIL)and a conductive ionic liquid(IL)in conjunction with titanium carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-MXene).The resulting soft AIGS materials exhibit ductility,self-healing,and robust adhesion in mechanical properties due to non-covalent interactions,such as ion-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonding.They also demonstrate a wide sensing range(2%-400%),high sensing sensitivity(gauge factor(GF)up to 6.06),and stable sensing performance(good reliability and stability after strain)in electrical properties.The hydrophobic and dynamic viscoelastic network formed by extensive C-F bonds in the used polymer matrix,ensures the AIGS's suitability for amphibious environments.We find that AIGS has excellent triboelectric properties.Utilizing AIGS as a flexible electrode,a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator(SE-TENG)was constructed,achieving outstanding output performance(~300 V open-circuit voltage,172 nA short-circuit current,and 34 nC transferred charge).This device can power commercial portable electronic devices and identify different body movements.AIGS-based wearable strain sensors have also been shown to reliably detect human motion,including larger limb movements such as finger flexion and elbow flexion and extension,as well as subtle muscle movements such as frowning and swallowing.In addition,depending on the characteristics of the AIGS application in amphibious environments,the following functions can be realized simultaneously.AIGS in an aquatic environment combined with machine learning for intelligent recognition of breathing type,in an underwater environment combined with Morse code to convey simple information,and motion monitoring in an amphibious environment,demonstrates its potential feasibility in a variety of situations.
基金support from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No.62225308)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62473246).
文摘While the instantaneous power of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)has significantly increased,the average power remains unsatisfactory.Achieving a continuous and stable output remains a significant challenge.Herein,a self-excited vibration TENG inspired by woodpeckers is proposed.This structure converts gravitational potential energy into the continuous vibration of a cantilever beam.A dynamic simulation model of the system is established,and the influence of different structural parameters on the motion characteristics and electrical performance is discussed.Meanwhile,the experimental results indicate that the accelerated motion(approximate free-fall motion)is transformed into approximately uniform velocity motion.For a 3 cm^(2) TENG,the instantaneous power density reaches 2.03 W m^(-2),and the average power is 127%higher than that of the conventional cantilever beam mode.The proposed self-excited vibration mechanism is a promising approach for enhancing the average power and operational duration of TENGs.It shows great potential in fluid energy harvesting.
基金supported by Swedish Research Council(Vetenskapsradet,2023-04962).
文摘Space exploration is significant for scientific innovation,resource utilization,and planetary security.Space exploration involves several systems including satellites,space suits,communication systems,and robotics,which have to function under harsh space conditions such as extreme temperatures(−270 to 1650℃),microgravity(10^(-6)g),unhealthy humidity(<20%RH or>60%RH),high atmospheric pressure(~1450 psi),and radiation(4000–5000 mSv).Conventional energy-harvesting technologies(solar cells,fuel cells,and nuclear energy),that are normally used to power these space systems have certain limitations(e.g.,sunlight dependence,weight,degradation,big size,high cost,low capacity,radioactivity,complexity,and low efficiency).The constraints in conventional energy resources have made it imperative to look for non-conventional yet efficient alternatives.A great potential for enhancing efficiency,sustainability,and mission duration in space exploration can be offered by integrating triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)with existing energy sources.Recently,the potential of TENG including energy harvesting(from vibrations/movements in satellites and spacecraft),self-powered sensing,and microgravity,for multiple applications in different space missions has been discussed.This review comprehensively covers the use of TENGs for various space applications,such as planetary exploration missions(Mars environment monitoring),manned space equipment,In-orbit robotic operations/collision monitoring,spacecraft’s design and structural health monitoring,Aeronautical systems,and conventional energy harvesting(solar and nuclear).This review also discusses the use of self-powered TENG sensors for deep space object perception.At the same time,this review compares TENGs with conventional energy harvesting technologies for space systems.Lastly,this review talks about energy harvesting in satellites,TENG-based satellite communication systems,and future practical implementation challenges(with possible solutions).
文摘Objective： By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time, to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Methods： A total of 468 healthy college student volunteers received moxibustion at the eight confluent points in three different periods of time, i.e. Chen （7：00-9：00）, Wu （11：00-13：00） and Xu （19：00-21：00）. The thermal pain threshold latency was adopted to measure the changes in pain threshold of the eight confluent points under different conditions （different periods of time, different genders, different acupoints and different states of the acupoints） based on Fei Teng Ba Fa. Results： Finally, thirty subjects dropped out and 438 subjects were included. The comparison of thermal pain threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in the same opening or closing state based on Fei Teng Ba Fa： latencies of the closing points and adjunct points were significantly different in different periods of time （P〈0.05）, the latencies of the males were significantly longer than those of the females （P〈0.05）; there was no significant difference in the latency between the left and right sides （P〉0.05）; in the female group, there was a significant difference in the latency between the lower-limb points and the upper-limb points （P〈0.05）. The comparison of thermal point threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in different opening or closing state： in the period of Wu （11：00-13：00）, the latencies of the opening points were significantly longer than those of the closing points and adjunct points （P〈0.05）; for men, their opening and closing points had significantly longer thermal pain threshold latencies than their adjunct points （P〈0.05）; despite the gender, the latencies of the upper limb opening and closing points were significantly longer than the latency of the adjunct points （P〈0.05）; in the female group, the latencies of the lower-limb opening points were significantly shorter than those of the lower-limb closing and adjunct points （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Based on Fei Teng Ba Fa, the pain thresholds of the eight confluent points vary in different periods of time, gender, acupoint location and opening/closing state, which can be taken as the evidence of making time-based acu puncture-moxibustion prescriptions.
