A high-precision CFD/CSD(Computational Fluid Dynamics/Computational Structural Dynamics)coupling method is developed to study the aeroelastic behavior and design the vibration reduction strategy of NTBT(New Type Blade...A high-precision CFD/CSD(Computational Fluid Dynamics/Computational Structural Dynamics)coupling method is developed to study the aeroelastic behavior and design the vibration reduction strategy of NTBT(New Type Blade-Tip)rotor with TEF(Trailing Edge Flap)technology in forward flight.In the aspect of CSD method,the closed-form dynamical governing equation is modified using Hamilton’s principle to consider the influence of the movable TEF,in which the NTBT geometric nonlinearity is considered through coordinate transformation by virtue of finite element method.In the aspect of CFD method,a moving-embedded grid method for rotor blades is developed to account for the dynamic deflection of TEF,in which the grid deformation is achieved through algebraic transformations,and a high-precision unsteady CFD method with 5th-order TENO(Targeted Essentially Non-Oscillatory)scheme is introduced to effectively simulate the rotor flowfield.Considering the computational efficiency,the loosely-coupling strategy is introduced to build up the CFD/CSD method.The validity of the coupling method is verified by comparing the computed aerodynamic loads,frequency spectrum,and structural loads with the referential or the experimental results of the typical model rotors.Based on that,the frequency,phase,and amplitude-sweeping parametric analyses of TEF are conducted thoroughly to reveal the influence mechanisms on the aeroelastic characteristics of NTBT rotor.Furthermore,an optimal control strategy is proposed to suppress the vibration intensity of hub loads,showing that the active vibration reduction method can effectively suppress the rotor hub vibratory intensity by over 40%in typical forward flight conditions.展开更多
随着汽车工业和汽车多媒体技术的发展,汽车收音机调谐器技术也趋向于单片集成化、全球应用化、自动调试化等特点发展。本文结合飞利浦公司最新开发设计的CREST IC TEF6860HL型高性能汽车收音机处理芯片,阐述了汽车收音机调谐器的最新技...随着汽车工业和汽车多媒体技术的发展,汽车收音机调谐器技术也趋向于单片集成化、全球应用化、自动调试化等特点发展。本文结合飞利浦公司最新开发设计的CREST IC TEF6860HL型高性能汽车收音机处理芯片,阐述了汽车收音机调谐器的最新技术发展方向和原理应用。展开更多
试验旨在探究SIX1和TEF基因在苏尼特羊(Sunite sheep,SNT)和小尾寒羊(Small Tail Han sheep,STH)相关组织中的表达特征,有助于揭示上述2个基因在绵羊季节性发情和繁殖调控中的重要作用。选取季节性发情的SNT母羊在短光照(模拟繁殖季节)...试验旨在探究SIX1和TEF基因在苏尼特羊(Sunite sheep,SNT)和小尾寒羊(Small Tail Han sheep,STH)相关组织中的表达特征,有助于揭示上述2个基因在绵羊季节性发情和繁殖调控中的重要作用。选取季节性发情的SNT母羊在短光照(模拟繁殖季节)和长光照(模拟休情期)条件下及常年发情的STH母羊在不同繁殖时期(卵泡期和黄体期)的下丘脑等10种组织,利用qPCR技术分析上述不同繁殖状态下各组织中SIX1和TEF基因的相对表达量。结果表明,SIX1基因在SNT和STH的垂体组织中均高表达,其它组织中微弱表达;TEF基因在2个绵羊品种的多个组织中广泛表达;SNT垂体中TEF基因在短光照条件下其表达量显著高于长光照条件(P<0.05),STH垂体中TEF基因在卵泡期其表达量显著高于黄体期(P<0.05);SNT子宫体中TEF在长光照条件下其表达量显著高于短光照条件(P<0.05),STH子宫体中TEF在黄体期其表达量极显著高于卵泡期(P<0.01)。研究结果显示,SIX1和TEF基因表达在绵羊垂体中发挥重要作用,2个基因在SNT垂体中的表达变化趋势与已知的长光照诱导基因EYA3的表达变化不同,暗示绵羊垂体中SIX1和TEF基因不是通过转录水平变化来参与季节性发情上游基因的调控;TEF基因可能参与绵羊不同繁殖状态下子宫生理变化的调控。本研究为深入探究这2个基因在绵羊繁殖性能调控方面的作用奠定了基础。展开更多
Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is the major cereal crop in Ethiopia. Increasing tef yield requires improving soil phosphorus (P) supply and identifying P efficient varieties. An experiment was conducted at Wenag...Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is the major cereal crop in Ethiopia. Increasing tef yield requires improving soil phosphorus (P) supply and identifying P efficient varieties. An experiment was conducted at Wenago, Ethiopia, from May to August, 2011, during the main cropping season, to investigate the role of P supply in relation to grain yield, nutrient uptake (N, P, Ca and K) and P efficiency, and to investigate varietal differences for these parameters using four P rates (0, 3, 6 and 9 g/m2 P2O5) as main plots and three tef varieties (DZ-Cr-37, DZ-Cr-82, and DZ-Cr-255) as subplots in split-plot design with three replications. For respective 0, 3, 6 and 9 g/m2 P2O5, grain yield was 84, 203, 215 and 218 g/m2, total biomass 586, 897, 971 and 1016 g/m2, and harvest index 0.14, 0.23, 0.22 and 0.22. For respective variety DZ-Cr-37, DZ-Cr-82, and DZ-Cr-255, grain yield was 194, 182 and 163 g/m2, total biomass 810, 922 and 871 g/m2, and harvest index 0.24, 0.19 and 0.18. Total plant nutrients (g/m2) for respective 0, 3, 6 and 9 g/m2 P2O5 were N 3.92, 7.95, 9.49 and 10.80, P 0.57, 1.20, 1.49 and 1.66, calcium 0.16, 0.27, 0.38 and 0.45, and K 4.45, 7.96, 9.70 and 10.50. For respective 3, 6 and 9 g/m2 P2O5, P physiological efficiency (PE) was 224, 153 and 127, apparent recovery (AR) 0.49, 0.36 and 0.28, and agronomic efficiency (AE) 92, 50 and 35. For respective variety DZ-Cr-37, DZ-Cr-82 and DZ-Cr-255, PE was 248, 130 and 126, AR 0.28, 0.44 and 0.41, and AE 68, 57 and 51. The present experiment suggests that excess P supply beyond 3 g/m2 could result in low grain yield increase and low P recovery requiring soil P assessment prior to fertilizer application. Moreover, variety DZ-Cr-37 may be incorporated in the future breeding programs for P efficiency in tef.展开更多
Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)Trotter] is an ancient and major cereal crop in Ethiopia. Increasing tef grain yield partly requires developing cultivars that are adapted to drought stress environment. An experiment was ca...Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)Trotter] is an ancient and major cereal crop in Ethiopia. Increasing tef grain yield partly requires developing cultivars that are adapted to drought stress environment. An experiment was carried out using 18 tef genotypes grown during September to December, 2010, under two water supply environments (stress during grain filling period, and non-stress) to identify genetic variation, heritability and correlations of grain yield and yield related traits. Broad-sense heritability values under respective stress and non-stress environments were grain yield (g/m2) 0.80 and 0.89, total biomass (g/m2) 0.89 and 0.73, harvest index 0.69 and 0.79, panicle weight (g/plant) 0.93 and 0.92, and seed weight (g/plant) 0.96 and 0.86. The correlations of grain yield under respective stress and non-stress environments were total biomass rp = 0.64, rg = 0.70, and rp = 0.48, rg = 0.56, harvest index rp = 0.70, rg = 0.64, and rp = 0.87, rg = 0.90, panicle weight rp = 0.98, rg = 1.00, and rp = 0.96, rg = 1.00, and seed weight/plant rp = 0.98, rg = 1.00, and rp = 0.90, rg = 1.00. The present experiment showed that either grain yield per se, or seed weight/plant could be used to improve grain yield under stress and non-stress environments.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12102186,12472237)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST,China(No.2022QNRC001)+1 种基金the National Key Laboratory Foundation of China(No.61422202201)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2024Z010052002)。
文摘A high-precision CFD/CSD(Computational Fluid Dynamics/Computational Structural Dynamics)coupling method is developed to study the aeroelastic behavior and design the vibration reduction strategy of NTBT(New Type Blade-Tip)rotor with TEF(Trailing Edge Flap)technology in forward flight.In the aspect of CSD method,the closed-form dynamical governing equation is modified using Hamilton’s principle to consider the influence of the movable TEF,in which the NTBT geometric nonlinearity is considered through coordinate transformation by virtue of finite element method.In the aspect of CFD method,a moving-embedded grid method for rotor blades is developed to account for the dynamic deflection of TEF,in which the grid deformation is achieved through algebraic transformations,and a high-precision unsteady CFD method with 5th-order TENO(Targeted Essentially Non-Oscillatory)scheme is introduced to effectively simulate the rotor flowfield.Considering the computational efficiency,the loosely-coupling strategy is introduced to build up the CFD/CSD method.The validity of the coupling method is verified by comparing the computed aerodynamic loads,frequency spectrum,and structural loads with the referential or the experimental results of the typical model rotors.Based on that,the frequency,phase,and amplitude-sweeping parametric analyses of TEF are conducted thoroughly to reveal the influence mechanisms on the aeroelastic characteristics of NTBT rotor.Furthermore,an optimal control strategy is proposed to suppress the vibration intensity of hub loads,showing that the active vibration reduction method can effectively suppress the rotor hub vibratory intensity by over 40%in typical forward flight conditions.
文摘试验旨在探究SIX1和TEF基因在苏尼特羊(Sunite sheep,SNT)和小尾寒羊(Small Tail Han sheep,STH)相关组织中的表达特征,有助于揭示上述2个基因在绵羊季节性发情和繁殖调控中的重要作用。选取季节性发情的SNT母羊在短光照(模拟繁殖季节)和长光照(模拟休情期)条件下及常年发情的STH母羊在不同繁殖时期(卵泡期和黄体期)的下丘脑等10种组织,利用qPCR技术分析上述不同繁殖状态下各组织中SIX1和TEF基因的相对表达量。结果表明,SIX1基因在SNT和STH的垂体组织中均高表达,其它组织中微弱表达;TEF基因在2个绵羊品种的多个组织中广泛表达;SNT垂体中TEF基因在短光照条件下其表达量显著高于长光照条件(P<0.05),STH垂体中TEF基因在卵泡期其表达量显著高于黄体期(P<0.05);SNT子宫体中TEF在长光照条件下其表达量显著高于短光照条件(P<0.05),STH子宫体中TEF在黄体期其表达量极显著高于卵泡期(P<0.01)。研究结果显示,SIX1和TEF基因表达在绵羊垂体中发挥重要作用,2个基因在SNT垂体中的表达变化趋势与已知的长光照诱导基因EYA3的表达变化不同,暗示绵羊垂体中SIX1和TEF基因不是通过转录水平变化来参与季节性发情上游基因的调控;TEF基因可能参与绵羊不同繁殖状态下子宫生理变化的调控。本研究为深入探究这2个基因在绵羊繁殖性能调控方面的作用奠定了基础。
文摘Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is the major cereal crop in Ethiopia. Increasing tef yield requires improving soil phosphorus (P) supply and identifying P efficient varieties. An experiment was conducted at Wenago, Ethiopia, from May to August, 2011, during the main cropping season, to investigate the role of P supply in relation to grain yield, nutrient uptake (N, P, Ca and K) and P efficiency, and to investigate varietal differences for these parameters using four P rates (0, 3, 6 and 9 g/m2 P2O5) as main plots and three tef varieties (DZ-Cr-37, DZ-Cr-82, and DZ-Cr-255) as subplots in split-plot design with three replications. For respective 0, 3, 6 and 9 g/m2 P2O5, grain yield was 84, 203, 215 and 218 g/m2, total biomass 586, 897, 971 and 1016 g/m2, and harvest index 0.14, 0.23, 0.22 and 0.22. For respective variety DZ-Cr-37, DZ-Cr-82, and DZ-Cr-255, grain yield was 194, 182 and 163 g/m2, total biomass 810, 922 and 871 g/m2, and harvest index 0.24, 0.19 and 0.18. Total plant nutrients (g/m2) for respective 0, 3, 6 and 9 g/m2 P2O5 were N 3.92, 7.95, 9.49 and 10.80, P 0.57, 1.20, 1.49 and 1.66, calcium 0.16, 0.27, 0.38 and 0.45, and K 4.45, 7.96, 9.70 and 10.50. For respective 3, 6 and 9 g/m2 P2O5, P physiological efficiency (PE) was 224, 153 and 127, apparent recovery (AR) 0.49, 0.36 and 0.28, and agronomic efficiency (AE) 92, 50 and 35. For respective variety DZ-Cr-37, DZ-Cr-82 and DZ-Cr-255, PE was 248, 130 and 126, AR 0.28, 0.44 and 0.41, and AE 68, 57 and 51. The present experiment suggests that excess P supply beyond 3 g/m2 could result in low grain yield increase and low P recovery requiring soil P assessment prior to fertilizer application. Moreover, variety DZ-Cr-37 may be incorporated in the future breeding programs for P efficiency in tef.
文摘Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.)Trotter] is an ancient and major cereal crop in Ethiopia. Increasing tef grain yield partly requires developing cultivars that are adapted to drought stress environment. An experiment was carried out using 18 tef genotypes grown during September to December, 2010, under two water supply environments (stress during grain filling period, and non-stress) to identify genetic variation, heritability and correlations of grain yield and yield related traits. Broad-sense heritability values under respective stress and non-stress environments were grain yield (g/m2) 0.80 and 0.89, total biomass (g/m2) 0.89 and 0.73, harvest index 0.69 and 0.79, panicle weight (g/plant) 0.93 and 0.92, and seed weight (g/plant) 0.96 and 0.86. The correlations of grain yield under respective stress and non-stress environments were total biomass rp = 0.64, rg = 0.70, and rp = 0.48, rg = 0.56, harvest index rp = 0.70, rg = 0.64, and rp = 0.87, rg = 0.90, panicle weight rp = 0.98, rg = 1.00, and rp = 0.96, rg = 1.00, and seed weight/plant rp = 0.98, rg = 1.00, and rp = 0.90, rg = 1.00. The present experiment showed that either grain yield per se, or seed weight/plant could be used to improve grain yield under stress and non-stress environments.
