Objective To develop QingNangTCM,a specialized large language model(LLM)tailored for expert-level traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)question-answering and clinical reasoning,addressing the scarcity of domain-specific c...Objective To develop QingNangTCM,a specialized large language model(LLM)tailored for expert-level traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)question-answering and clinical reasoning,addressing the scarcity of domain-specific corpora and specialized alignment.Methods We constructed QnTCM_Dataset,a corpus of 100000 entries,by integrating data from ShenNong_TCM_Dataset and SymMap v2.0,and synthesizing additional samples via retrieval-augmented generation(RAG)and persona-driven generation.The dataset comprehensively covers diagnostic inquiries,prescriptions,and herbal knowledge.Utilizing P-Tuning v2,we fine-tuned the GLM-4-9B-Chat backbone to develop QingNangTCM.A multidimensional evaluation framework,assessing accuracy,coverage,consistency,safety,professionalism,and fluency,was established using metrics such as bilingual evaluation understudy(BLEU),recall-oriented understudy for gisting evaluation(ROUGE),metric for evaluation of translation with explicit ordering(METEOR),and LLM-as-a-Judge with expert review.Qualitative analysis was conducted across four simulated clinical scenarios:symptom analysis,disease treatment,herb inquiry,and failure cases.Baseline models included GLM-4-9BChat,DeepSeek-V2,HuatuoGPT-II(7B),and GLM-4-9B-Chat(freeze-tuning).Results QingNangTCM achieved the highest scores in BLEU-1/2/3/4(0.425/0.298/0.137/0.064),ROUGE-1/2(0.368/0.157),and METEOR(0.218),demonstrating a balanced and superior normalized performance profile of 0.900 across the dimensions of accuracy,coverage,and consistency.Although its ROUGE-L score(0.299)was lower than that of HuatuoGPT-II(7B)(0.351),it significantly outperformed domain-specific models in expert-validated win rates for professionalism(86%)and safety(73%).Qualitative analysis confirmed that the model strictly adheres to the“symptom-syndrome-pathogenesis-treatment”reasoning chain,though occasional misclassifications and hallucinations persisted when dealing with rare medicinal materials and uncommon syndromes.展开更多
Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of TCM syndrome differentiation-guided herbal intervention for patients with five constitutions during the high-risk window period of acute exacerbation of chronic obstruct...Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of TCM syndrome differentiation-guided herbal intervention for patients with five constitutions during the high-risk window period of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)based on TCM constitution theory.Methods:A total of 300 AECOPD patients in the high-risk window period(54-66 cases for each constitution)were randomly divided into two groups(150 cases each).The control group received fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol inhalation therapy,while the experimental group was additionally given constitution-specific TCM decoctions(e.g.,Erchen Decoction combined with Sanzi Yangqin Decoction for Phlegm-Dampness constitution).The treatment course was 8 weeks with a 6-month follow-up.CAT score,TCM syndrome score,pulmonary function,6-minute walking distance(6MWD),and levels of CRP and IL-6 were observed.Recurrence and safety indicators were recorded.Results:After treatment,all indicators improved significantly in both groups(p<0.05),with the experimental group showing superior improvements in CAT score,TCM syndrome score,FEV1,6MWD,and inflammatory indicators(p<0.01).The recurrence rate was lower in the experimental group during follow-up(p<0.05).No severe adverse reactions or abnormalities in liver/kidney function were observed in either group.Conclusion:TCM syndrome differentiation treatment guided by constitution theory can improve symptoms,quality of life,and pulmonary function,reduce inflammatory levels and recurrence rate in AECOPD patients during the high-risk window period,with good safety.展开更多
为了将列车数据应用到实际运营工作中,本文设计了一种车辆分析系统。该系统实现了对网络控制系统(Train Control and Management System,TCMS)数据的接收、校验、存储、计算、展示等全生命周期管理,并将数据用于分析统计、故障预警等,...为了将列车数据应用到实际运营工作中,本文设计了一种车辆分析系统。该系统实现了对网络控制系统(Train Control and Management System,TCMS)数据的接收、校验、存储、计算、展示等全生命周期管理,并将数据用于分析统计、故障预警等,为地面运营工作提供辅助决策支撑。展开更多
当前“中医”主要有“Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)”与“Chinese Medicine(CM)”两种译法。国际上对这两种译法的接受度和使用率较高,但“TCM”与“CM”有着各自不同的特点和语境。在不同的语境中,选择合适的翻译形式对于准确传...当前“中医”主要有“Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)”与“Chinese Medicine(CM)”两种译法。国际上对这两种译法的接受度和使用率较高,但“TCM”与“CM”有着各自不同的特点和语境。在不同的语境中,选择合适的翻译形式对于准确传达“中医”概念至关重要。本文分析了“中医”的内涵及当前国内外对其的英译情况,并在此基础上提出了关于“中医”英译的思考。展开更多
With the support of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),the international reach of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is taking shape as a“Silk Road of Health,”opening new pathways for closer connections among peoples.T...With the support of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),the international reach of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is taking shape as a“Silk Road of Health,”opening new pathways for closer connections among peoples.The journey of TCM,in turn.展开更多
Background:The I Ching,or the Book of Changes,in the Han Dynasty was mainly based on symbolism and mathematics and was combined with the astronomical calendar that was popular at the time,forming a theory of hexagram ...Background:The I Ching,or the Book of Changes,in the Han Dynasty was mainly based on symbolism and mathematics and was combined with the astronomical calendar that was popular at the time,forming a theory of hexagram Qi(the life force or vital energy,Qi is the dialectical unity of the spirit and matter of the human body and nature)as the main focus.The people of the Han Dynasty believed that the development and changes in cosmic and human society were consistent with the changes in the hexagrams.Therefore,exploring the construction of the theoretical system of medical epistemology by the philosophy of the I Ching will help to inherit better and develop TCM today.Methods:This paper mainly uses the analysis method of literature review,including famous ancient books on TCM from the Han Dynasties to the Song,Yuan,Ming,and Qing Dynasties and the cosmological concept of Yin-Yang,the Five Elements,and the unity of man and nature in Chinese philosophy.Results:This article provides a new explanation of the theory of I Ching in the Han Dynasty on the thinking mode of the epistemology of TCM from three aspects:(1)The“unchangeable”theoretical basis of image-numerical thinking;(2)The“simple”way of life with one Yin and one Yang;and(3)The“cosmology”view of the evolution of life.Conclusion:This shows that TCM,at its inception in the Han Dynasty,consciously used a rational thinking attitude to construct a harmonious and unified cosmic view of life in which heaven,earth,and man are of the same origin and holographic structure.This philosophy of life is that humanity is the comprehensive embodiment and development of the Way of Heaven.It is also the field where TCM,as an original life science,makes fundamental contributions to human health today.However,the specific historical limitations,such as the Han Dynasty’s reliance on cosmological analogies,may lack empirical rigor compared to modern scientific standards.Also,TCM’s subjective interpretations can limit precision.Therefore,integrating TCM’s unique wisdom with modern science methodologies can advance its global relevance in the future.展开更多
Background:This essay mainly explores the theoretical roots of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practice in the Han Dynasty.It places individual small lives in the big life of heaven,earth and the universe and looks a...Background:This essay mainly explores the theoretical roots of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practice in the Han Dynasty.It places individual small lives in the big life of heaven,earth and the universe and looks at life’s occurrence,development and death from a broader cosmology perspective,and thus provide the“Great Harmony between Heaven and Human”in the Huangdi Neijing(Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor)of the Han Dynasty.Methods:This paper mainly uses the analysis method of literature review and philosophical concepts.It uses the image-number logic thinking method of I Ching to compare images with analogy and the holistic thinking method of the three-talent view of heaven,earth,and man to understand life.Results:It is mainly reflected in three aspects:(1)One Yin and one Yang are called Tao((1)Yin Yang as the coherent fabric of nature and mind,exhibited in all existence,(2)Yin Yang as Jiao(interaction)between the waxing and waning of the cosmic and human realms,and(3)Yin Yang as a process of harmonization ensuring a constant,dynamic balance of all things);(2)The way of life in the Book of Changes;and(3)The Unity of the Way of Heaven and the Way of TCM.Conclusion:The main medical thought laid the theoretical foundation of early practice and the development model of life cognition.It is still worthy of continuous exploration,development,and innovation in contemporary philosophy and life sciences.展开更多
Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a treasure of China’s traditional medical heritage,embodying the wisdom and cultural depth of the Chinese nation.Higher TCM education shoulders the important responsibility of pres...Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a treasure of China’s traditional medical heritage,embodying the wisdom and cultural depth of the Chinese nation.Higher TCM education shoulders the important responsibility of preserving and advancing TCM,and in today’s context,it offers significant advantages while also facing numerous challenges.Among its strengths are a profound cultural foundation in TCM,utilizing classic texts and unique theories to cultivate students’TCM thinking and competence;diversified teaching methods that integrate knowledge from multiple disciplines,innovate instructional models,and combine traditional with modern educational approaches;a complete teaching system characterized by professional faculty and advanced facilities;and interdisciplinary integration fostering innovation.However,problems persist,including some students lacking confidence in TCM culture due to the influence of Western medicine concepts and the westernization of the educational model;weak practical teaching where theory dominates,practice time is limited,and there are insufficient bases and instructors;and a shortage of faculty resulting in an imbalanced student-to-teacher ratio and an unreasonable structure.To address these issues,it is recommended to enhance cultural confidence,strengthen faculty development,and optimize practical teaching,thereby promoting the sustainable development of higher TCM education and achieving the shared prosperity of TCM education and the TCM profession.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate optimal storage methods and shelf life determination for several representative bagged traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoctions under centralized preparation conditions in intelligent TCM...[Objectives]To investigate optimal storage methods and shelf life determination for several representative bagged traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoctions under centralized preparation conditions in intelligent TCM pharmacies.[Methods]First,the nourishing formula was prepared and packaged in bags.Under the three storage conditions of 37℃before cold storage(including full high temperature),cold storage before 37℃(including full cold storage),and alternating 37℃and cold storage,the 30 d cycle was investigated to determine the total microbial colony count,so as to determine a reasonable storage method of traditional Chinese medicine decoction.Secondly,five representative prescriptions were prepared and packaged in bags,stored under 37℃,room temperature and cold conditions.The investigation period was 30 d.The pH,total bacterial count and soluble solid content were measured,and the changes of each index were analyzed to obtain the shelf life of the bagged Chinese medicine decoction.[Results]First,the nourishing formula was investigated for 30 d.The microbial results of refrigeration after 1-2 d of 37℃,complete refrigeration and 37℃cooling with an alternate interval of 2 d or less met the requirements,while the microbial results of refrigeration after 3 d or above of 37℃,refrigeration after 1-5 d and then 37℃,complete 37℃,37℃and cooling with an alternate interval of 3 d or above excessive microorganism.Second,under the condition of 37℃storage,the pH of the five prescriptions decreased significantly,the total microbial colonies exceeded the standard,and the solid content decreased significantly.However,under the condition of room temperature and cold storage,the pH,total microbial colonies,and solid content of the five prescriptions remained stable.[Conclusions]The first is to refrigerate the decoction after 1-2 d of 37℃,completely refrigerate it,and refrigerate the decoction with an alternate interval of 2 d or less at 37℃.The shelf life can last for 30 d.Several storage conditions are conducive to guiding the development of the storage mode of the decoction.Second,under the conditions of cold storage,all the indexes were stable,and the shelf life of the five representative formulas was 30 d.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation in the treatment of patients with gouty nephropathy.Methods:From June 2023 to December 2024,80 patients with ...Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation in the treatment of patients with gouty nephropathy.Methods:From June 2023 to December 2024,80 patients with gouty nephropathy were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups:group A received TCM syndrome differentiation treatment,while group B received conventional treatment.The efficacy,laboratory indicators,symptom scores,and safety were compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of group A was higher than that of group B(P<0.05).The uric acid,blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine,and 24-hour urinary protein levels in group A were lower than those in group B(P<0.05).The symptom score of group A was lower than that of group B(P<0.05).The adverse reactions of gouty nephropathy in group A were lower than those in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:TCM syndrome differentiation treatment for gouty nephropathy can alleviate symptoms,protect renal function,and is highly effective and feasible.展开更多
基金Hebei Province Higher Education Scientific Research Project(QN2025367)Zhangjiakou City 2022 Municipal Science and Technology Plan Self-raised Fund Project(221105D)Hebei Province Education Science“14th Five-Year Plan”Project(2404224).
文摘Objective To develop QingNangTCM,a specialized large language model(LLM)tailored for expert-level traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)question-answering and clinical reasoning,addressing the scarcity of domain-specific corpora and specialized alignment.Methods We constructed QnTCM_Dataset,a corpus of 100000 entries,by integrating data from ShenNong_TCM_Dataset and SymMap v2.0,and synthesizing additional samples via retrieval-augmented generation(RAG)and persona-driven generation.The dataset comprehensively covers diagnostic inquiries,prescriptions,and herbal knowledge.Utilizing P-Tuning v2,we fine-tuned the GLM-4-9B-Chat backbone to develop QingNangTCM.A multidimensional evaluation framework,assessing accuracy,coverage,consistency,safety,professionalism,and fluency,was established using metrics such as bilingual evaluation understudy(BLEU),recall-oriented understudy for gisting evaluation(ROUGE),metric for evaluation of translation with explicit ordering(METEOR),and LLM-as-a-Judge with expert review.Qualitative analysis was conducted across four simulated clinical scenarios:symptom analysis,disease treatment,herb inquiry,and failure cases.Baseline models included GLM-4-9BChat,DeepSeek-V2,HuatuoGPT-II(7B),and GLM-4-9B-Chat(freeze-tuning).Results QingNangTCM achieved the highest scores in BLEU-1/2/3/4(0.425/0.298/0.137/0.064),ROUGE-1/2(0.368/0.157),and METEOR(0.218),demonstrating a balanced and superior normalized performance profile of 0.900 across the dimensions of accuracy,coverage,and consistency.Although its ROUGE-L score(0.299)was lower than that of HuatuoGPT-II(7B)(0.351),it significantly outperformed domain-specific models in expert-validated win rates for professionalism(86%)and safety(73%).Qualitative analysis confirmed that the model strictly adheres to the“symptom-syndrome-pathogenesis-treatment”reasoning chain,though occasional misclassifications and hallucinations persisted when dealing with rare medicinal materials and uncommon syndromes.
基金Longquan Yi District Health Bureau Project(Project No.:WJKY2023009)。
文摘Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of TCM syndrome differentiation-guided herbal intervention for patients with five constitutions during the high-risk window period of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)based on TCM constitution theory.Methods:A total of 300 AECOPD patients in the high-risk window period(54-66 cases for each constitution)were randomly divided into two groups(150 cases each).The control group received fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol inhalation therapy,while the experimental group was additionally given constitution-specific TCM decoctions(e.g.,Erchen Decoction combined with Sanzi Yangqin Decoction for Phlegm-Dampness constitution).The treatment course was 8 weeks with a 6-month follow-up.CAT score,TCM syndrome score,pulmonary function,6-minute walking distance(6MWD),and levels of CRP and IL-6 were observed.Recurrence and safety indicators were recorded.Results:After treatment,all indicators improved significantly in both groups(p<0.05),with the experimental group showing superior improvements in CAT score,TCM syndrome score,FEV1,6MWD,and inflammatory indicators(p<0.01).The recurrence rate was lower in the experimental group during follow-up(p<0.05).No severe adverse reactions or abnormalities in liver/kidney function were observed in either group.Conclusion:TCM syndrome differentiation treatment guided by constitution theory can improve symptoms,quality of life,and pulmonary function,reduce inflammatory levels and recurrence rate in AECOPD patients during the high-risk window period,with good safety.
文摘当前“中医”主要有“Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)”与“Chinese Medicine(CM)”两种译法。国际上对这两种译法的接受度和使用率较高,但“TCM”与“CM”有着各自不同的特点和语境。在不同的语境中,选择合适的翻译形式对于准确传达“中医”概念至关重要。本文分析了“中医”的内涵及当前国内外对其的英译情况,并在此基础上提出了关于“中医”英译的思考。
文摘With the support of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),the international reach of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is taking shape as a“Silk Road of Health,”opening new pathways for closer connections among peoples.The journey of TCM,in turn.
基金the National Social Science Foundation project“Research on Chinese Life Wisdom from the Perspective of Creative Transformation and Innovative Development”(22ZDA082).
文摘Background:The I Ching,or the Book of Changes,in the Han Dynasty was mainly based on symbolism and mathematics and was combined with the astronomical calendar that was popular at the time,forming a theory of hexagram Qi(the life force or vital energy,Qi is the dialectical unity of the spirit and matter of the human body and nature)as the main focus.The people of the Han Dynasty believed that the development and changes in cosmic and human society were consistent with the changes in the hexagrams.Therefore,exploring the construction of the theoretical system of medical epistemology by the philosophy of the I Ching will help to inherit better and develop TCM today.Methods:This paper mainly uses the analysis method of literature review,including famous ancient books on TCM from the Han Dynasties to the Song,Yuan,Ming,and Qing Dynasties and the cosmological concept of Yin-Yang,the Five Elements,and the unity of man and nature in Chinese philosophy.Results:This article provides a new explanation of the theory of I Ching in the Han Dynasty on the thinking mode of the epistemology of TCM from three aspects:(1)The“unchangeable”theoretical basis of image-numerical thinking;(2)The“simple”way of life with one Yin and one Yang;and(3)The“cosmology”view of the evolution of life.Conclusion:This shows that TCM,at its inception in the Han Dynasty,consciously used a rational thinking attitude to construct a harmonious and unified cosmic view of life in which heaven,earth,and man are of the same origin and holographic structure.This philosophy of life is that humanity is the comprehensive embodiment and development of the Way of Heaven.It is also the field where TCM,as an original life science,makes fundamental contributions to human health today.However,the specific historical limitations,such as the Han Dynasty’s reliance on cosmological analogies,may lack empirical rigor compared to modern scientific standards.Also,TCM’s subjective interpretations can limit precision.Therefore,integrating TCM’s unique wisdom with modern science methodologies can advance its global relevance in the future.
基金The National Social Science Foundation Project“Research on Chinese Life Wisdom from the Perspective of Creative Transformation and Innovative Development”(22ZDA082).
文摘Background:This essay mainly explores the theoretical roots of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practice in the Han Dynasty.It places individual small lives in the big life of heaven,earth and the universe and looks at life’s occurrence,development and death from a broader cosmology perspective,and thus provide the“Great Harmony between Heaven and Human”in the Huangdi Neijing(Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor)of the Han Dynasty.Methods:This paper mainly uses the analysis method of literature review and philosophical concepts.It uses the image-number logic thinking method of I Ching to compare images with analogy and the holistic thinking method of the three-talent view of heaven,earth,and man to understand life.Results:It is mainly reflected in three aspects:(1)One Yin and one Yang are called Tao((1)Yin Yang as the coherent fabric of nature and mind,exhibited in all existence,(2)Yin Yang as Jiao(interaction)between the waxing and waning of the cosmic and human realms,and(3)Yin Yang as a process of harmonization ensuring a constant,dynamic balance of all things);(2)The way of life in the Book of Changes;and(3)The Unity of the Way of Heaven and the Way of TCM.Conclusion:The main medical thought laid the theoretical foundation of early practice and the development model of life cognition.It is still worthy of continuous exploration,development,and innovation in contemporary philosophy and life sciences.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82260925)Yunnan Provincial High-level Scientific and Technological Talents and Innovative Teams Selection Special Project(Grant No.202305AS350007)+2 种基金Yunnan Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Special Project Program for Biomedicine(Grant No.202402AA310028)Yunnan Province’s High-level Talent Cultivation Project for Successors in Traditional Chinese Medicine Disciplines(Yun Cai She[2024]No.103)Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dai and Yi Medicine Open Research Topics(2024SS24010).
文摘Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a treasure of China’s traditional medical heritage,embodying the wisdom and cultural depth of the Chinese nation.Higher TCM education shoulders the important responsibility of preserving and advancing TCM,and in today’s context,it offers significant advantages while also facing numerous challenges.Among its strengths are a profound cultural foundation in TCM,utilizing classic texts and unique theories to cultivate students’TCM thinking and competence;diversified teaching methods that integrate knowledge from multiple disciplines,innovate instructional models,and combine traditional with modern educational approaches;a complete teaching system characterized by professional faculty and advanced facilities;and interdisciplinary integration fostering innovation.However,problems persist,including some students lacking confidence in TCM culture due to the influence of Western medicine concepts and the westernization of the educational model;weak practical teaching where theory dominates,practice time is limited,and there are insufficient bases and instructors;and a shortage of faculty resulting in an imbalanced student-to-teacher ratio and an unreasonable structure.To address these issues,it is recommended to enhance cultural confidence,strengthen faculty development,and optimize practical teaching,thereby promoting the sustainable development of higher TCM education and achieving the shared prosperity of TCM education and the TCM profession.
文摘[Objectives]To investigate optimal storage methods and shelf life determination for several representative bagged traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoctions under centralized preparation conditions in intelligent TCM pharmacies.[Methods]First,the nourishing formula was prepared and packaged in bags.Under the three storage conditions of 37℃before cold storage(including full high temperature),cold storage before 37℃(including full cold storage),and alternating 37℃and cold storage,the 30 d cycle was investigated to determine the total microbial colony count,so as to determine a reasonable storage method of traditional Chinese medicine decoction.Secondly,five representative prescriptions were prepared and packaged in bags,stored under 37℃,room temperature and cold conditions.The investigation period was 30 d.The pH,total bacterial count and soluble solid content were measured,and the changes of each index were analyzed to obtain the shelf life of the bagged Chinese medicine decoction.[Results]First,the nourishing formula was investigated for 30 d.The microbial results of refrigeration after 1-2 d of 37℃,complete refrigeration and 37℃cooling with an alternate interval of 2 d or less met the requirements,while the microbial results of refrigeration after 3 d or above of 37℃,refrigeration after 1-5 d and then 37℃,complete 37℃,37℃and cooling with an alternate interval of 3 d or above excessive microorganism.Second,under the condition of 37℃storage,the pH of the five prescriptions decreased significantly,the total microbial colonies exceeded the standard,and the solid content decreased significantly.However,under the condition of room temperature and cold storage,the pH,total microbial colonies,and solid content of the five prescriptions remained stable.[Conclusions]The first is to refrigerate the decoction after 1-2 d of 37℃,completely refrigerate it,and refrigerate the decoction with an alternate interval of 2 d or less at 37℃.The shelf life can last for 30 d.Several storage conditions are conducive to guiding the development of the storage mode of the decoction.Second,under the conditions of cold storage,all the indexes were stable,and the shelf life of the five representative formulas was 30 d.
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation in the treatment of patients with gouty nephropathy.Methods:From June 2023 to December 2024,80 patients with gouty nephropathy were selected as samples and randomly divided into two groups:group A received TCM syndrome differentiation treatment,while group B received conventional treatment.The efficacy,laboratory indicators,symptom scores,and safety were compared between the two groups.Results:The efficacy of group A was higher than that of group B(P<0.05).The uric acid,blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine,and 24-hour urinary protein levels in group A were lower than those in group B(P<0.05).The symptom score of group A was lower than that of group B(P<0.05).The adverse reactions of gouty nephropathy in group A were lower than those in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:TCM syndrome differentiation treatment for gouty nephropathy can alleviate symptoms,protect renal function,and is highly effective and feasible.
