Forecasting tropical cyclone(TC)activities has been a topic of great interest and research.Taiwan Island(TW)is one of the key regions that is highly exposed to TCs originated from the western North Pacific.Here,the au...Forecasting tropical cyclone(TC)activities has been a topic of great interest and research.Taiwan Island(TW)is one of the key regions that is highly exposed to TCs originated from the western North Pacific.Here,the authors utilize two mainstream reanalysis datasets for the period 1979-2013 and propose an effective statistical seasonal forecasting model-namely,the Sun Yat-sen University(SYSU)Model-for predicting the number of TC landfalls on TW based on the environmental factors in the preseason.The comprehensive predictor sampling and multiple linear regression show that the 850-hPa meridional wind over the west of the Antarctic Peninsula in January,the 300-hPa specific humidity over the open ocean southwest of Australia in January,the 300-hPa relative vorticity over the west of the Sea of Okhotsk in March,and the sea surface temperature in the South Indian Ocean in April,are the most significant predictors.The correlation coefficient between the modeled results and observations reaches 0.87.The model is validated by the leave-one-out and nine-fold cross-validation methods,and recent 9-yr observations(2014-2022).The Antarctic Oscillation,variabilities of the western Pacific subtropical high,Asian summer monsoon,and oceanic tunnel are the possible physical linkages or mechanisms behind the model result.The SYSU Model exhibits a 98%hit rate in 1979-2022(43 out of 44),suggesting an operational potential in the seasonal forecasting of TC landfalls on TW.展开更多
The release of accumulated stress through earthquakes is known to devote to the mud volcanism occurrence,which may in turn affect subsequent regional seismicity.Mud volcanoes have been observed on the northeast contin...The release of accumulated stress through earthquakes is known to devote to the mud volcanism occurrence,which may in turn affect subsequent regional seismicity.Mud volcanoes have been observed on the northeast continental margin of the South China Sea as well.Based on the mud volcanoes and earthquakes catalogue,we measured the spatial and temporal distribution of z and b values,to explore the geodynamic process of the repeated eruptions of mud volcanoes influence on the regional seismicity.The results suggest a close correlation between the b-z values and mud volcanism occurrence in the SW Taiwan.Generally,the z-value anomalies in where the mud volcanoes eruptions show unchanged negative values and indicate seismic quiescence before a big earthquake,whereas the b-values often show periodicity fluctuations around the value of 0.5.This may indicate a mutual triggering relationship between the mud volcanoes and earthquakes.We infer that mud volcano eruptions help to partition and release part of the regional stress accumulation from the seismogenic structures,thus balancing the local stress and mitigating large-magnitude seismicity occurring probability.展开更多
Taiwan,a Southeast Asian region,achieved rapid economic growth and the level of economic development it achieved in the 20th century,making it one of the countries and/or regions that created the Asian Miracle in the ...Taiwan,a Southeast Asian region,achieved rapid economic growth and the level of economic development it achieved in the 20th century,making it one of the countries and/or regions that created the Asian Miracle in the 1990s.Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China under the leadership of Mao,Chinese Nationalist Party leader Chiang Kai-shek established the Republic of China in Taiwan and established Taipei as its capital.Taiwan's automotive industry began with the establishment of a vehicle manufacturing company in 1953.Starting in the mid-1960s,automotive industry production began to increase,and with the new economic policies of the government from 1985 onwards,rapid production increases in the automotive industry accompanied the high economic growth rates.In addition,Taiwan Region of China automotive companies were able to shift their production to China in order to benefit from the rapid economic growth period in China in the 1980s.Thus,we can say that the rapidly growing Taiwan Region of China automotive industry came into question in the 1990s with all internal and external effects.Focusing on the historical development of the automotive industry is important in order to determine whether the development in the automotive industry is dependent on path.Today,we can say that Taiwan is one of the important automotive manufacturers.However,we can say that it is not one of the leading manufacturers.展开更多
When it comes to the Taiwan question,people tend to focus on American factors.However,if tracing the source,the Japanese factors may be more profound than the American ones.After World WarⅡ,a group of intellectuals f...When it comes to the Taiwan question,people tend to focus on American factors.However,if tracing the source,the Japanese factors may be more profound than the American ones.After World WarⅡ,a group of intellectuals from Taiwan region of China represented by Thomas W.I.Liao established various“Taiwan independence”organizations in Japan and engaged in“Taiwan independence”activities,which can be regarded as the origin of the post-war“Taiwan independence”movement.Their journey to“Taiwan independence”was also influenced by the political situation at home and abroad at that time,and their experiences also showed that the“Taiwan independence”elements were just victims of international political transactions.The Taiwan question,which continues to this day,has been influenced by the complicated international political situation from the very beginning.展开更多
The recovery of Taiwan was the victorious outcome of the joint resistance against Japanese aggression by compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.Taiwan's return to China was an important part of the post-wa...The recovery of Taiwan was the victorious outcome of the joint resistance against Japanese aggression by compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.Taiwan's return to China was an important part of the post-war international order,and irrefutable historical evidence that both sides of the Strait belong to one and the same China.It proclaims the prevailing trend that both sides of the Taiwan Strait must and will be reunified.Lai Ching-te and the Democratic Progressive Party(DPP)authorities'attempts to downplay and distort the history of Taiwan's recovery cannot overturn the historical and legal fact that Taiwan is part of China.National reunification is a prevailing trend of China's historical development,an essential requirement for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,and will be a sure result of China's development and progress.Compatriots on both sides of the Strait should remember the history of Taiwan's recovery and return to the motherland,firmly safeguard state sovereignty and territorial integrity,and resolutely oppose"Taiwan independence"separatist acts.The international community should also be fully aware of and show understanding for the confidence and determination of the Chinese people to achieve China's complete reunification.展开更多
Earthquakes not only release the long-term accumulated stress on the seismogenic fault but may also increase the stress on some surrounding faults or other segments of the seismogenic fault,thereby raising the seismic...Earthquakes not only release the long-term accumulated stress on the seismogenic fault but may also increase the stress on some surrounding faults or other segments of the seismogenic fault,thereby raising the seismic risk on these faults.This study investigates the impact of the April 2,2024,Mw 7.4 earthquake in Hualien,Taiwan,China,on the surrounding faults and aftershocks.We analyze stress-triggering effects by calculating Coulomb stress changes(ΔCFS)using rupture models and focal mechanism data.Historical focal mechanism nodal planes serve as receiver fault parameters forΔCFS calculations.Our findings indicate signifi cant Coulomb stress loading on the Longitudinal Valley fault and Central Range structure due to the mainshock,promoting their seismic activity.Loading effects vary by fault type,with thrust and strike-slip faults experiencing more stress loading than normal and odd faults.Conversely,the rupture’s coseismic slip concentration area shows predominant stress unloading,inhibiting seismic activity in the region.Aftershocks mainly experience increasedΔCFS,suggesting that the stress-triggering induced by the mainshock considerably influences the earthquake sequence evolution.These insights are crucial for understanding aftershock patterns and enhancing seismic hazard assessments.展开更多
El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)affects the changes in ocean physical elements in Taiwan Strait(TWS)primarily by regulating the strength of the East Asian Winter Monsoon(EAWM)and the intrusion of the Kuroshio.A...El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)affects the changes in ocean physical elements in Taiwan Strait(TWS)primarily by regulating the strength of the East Asian Winter Monsoon(EAWM)and the intrusion of the Kuroshio.Additionally,the fluctuating impact between nutrient-poor seawater with high dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)that infiltrates owing to the Kuroshio during El Niño phases and nutrient-rich seawater with low DIC from the South China Sea(SCS)carried by the EAWM during La Niña phases determines the nutrient content in TWS,thereby sculpting appropriate or unsuitable biochemical environment.In this study,based on high-resolution sea-surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide(pCO_(2))data,we investigate the relationship between pCO_(2)level of TWS and ENSO events in winter.The physical mechanisms affecting the anomalous distribution of pCO_(2)level during ENSO are also explored.Stepwise regression was employed to identify the optimal influencing factors for modeling pCO_(2).Results indicate a significant positive correlation between Niño3.4 index and pCO_(2),which is significantly influenced by factors such as sea-surface temperature(SST),chlorophyll-a(Chl a),and DIC.These are related to the anomalously strong Kuroshio intrusion and weaker EAWM during El Niño years.It brings a large amount of high SST water with low nutrient concentration and high DIC,which is detrimental to CO_(2)dissolution and phytoplankton growth over the TWS,leading to an increase in pCO_(2).Conversely,pCO_(2)level is significantly low under the influence of SCS seawater during La Niña years.Based on the characterization of the pCO_(2)level response to ENSO,the carbon balance at TWS can be explored.展开更多
This article explores the styles and characteristics of thematic art creation in Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions,analyzing the uniqueness of these regions’artistic backgrounds,artistic languages,theme selections,a...This article explores the styles and characteristics of thematic art creation in Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions,analyzing the uniqueness of these regions’artistic backgrounds,artistic languages,theme selections,and expressive techniques.The art creation in Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions is deeply influenced by traditional Chinese culture while incorporating Western artistic elements,exhibiting a diversified artistic style.Thematic art creation in these three regions has its own distinct features,including a deep exploration of local culture and a sensitive capture of the spirit of the times,which together constitute a rich and colorful artistic landscape in Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions.展开更多
Diurnal and semi-diurnal tides in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas are calculated by using a two-dimensional finite-difference model. Compared with data of more than 20 observation stations around the Taiwan S...Diurnal and semi-diurnal tides in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas are calculated by using a two-dimensional finite-difference model. Compared with data of more than 20 observation stations around the Taiwan Strait, the model-produced results agree quite well with those of previous researches using observational data from coastal tidal gauge stations. According to the results, the co-tidal and co-range charts are given. Furthermore, the characteristics of 8 major tidal constituents have been uminated respectively. The result shows that： （1） The tide motion can be attributed to the interaction between the degenerative rotary tidal system in the north and the progressive tidal system in the south. （2） The southward and northward tidal waves of semi-diurnal tide converge in the middle of the Taiwan Strait while the diurnal tidal waves propagate southwestward through the Taiwan Strait and the Luzon Strait. （3） The maximum amplitude of semi-diurnal tides exists at the area between the Meizhou Bay and Xinghua Bay, and that of diurnal tides appears in the region to the east of the Leizhou Peninsula, （4） The patterns of co-tidal and co-range charts of N2, K2 and P1, Q1 tidal constituents are similar to those of M2, S2 and K1 O1 tidat constituents, respectively展开更多
The complexity of natural conditions leads to the complexity of vegetation types of Taiwan of China, which has both tropical and cold-temperate vegetation types, and could be depicted as the vegetation miniature of Ch...The complexity of natural conditions leads to the complexity of vegetation types of Taiwan of China, which has both tropical and cold-temperate vegetation types, and could be depicted as the vegetation miniature of China or even for the world. The physiognomic-floristic principle was adopted for the vegetation classification of Taiwan. The units of rank from top to bottom are: class of vegetation-type, order of vegetation-type, vegetation-type, alliance group, alliance and association. The high-rank units (class, order and vegetation-type) are classified by ecological physiognomy, while the median and lower units by the species composition of community. At the same time the role of dominant species and character species will also be considered. The dominant species are the major factor concerned with the median ranks (alliance group, and alliance) because they are the chief components of community, additionally their remarkable appearance is easy to identify; the character species (or diagnostic species) are for relatively low ranks (association) because they will clearly show the interspecies relation-ship and the characteristics of community. According to this principle, vegetation of Taiwan is classi-fied into five classes of vegetation-types (forests, thickets, herbaceous vegetation, rock fields vegetation, swamps and aquatic vegetation), 29 orders of vegetation-types (cold-temperate needle-leaved forests, cool-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm needle-leaved forests, deciduous broad-leaved forests, mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, evergreen mossy forests, evergreen sclerophyllous forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, tropical rain forests, tropical monsoon forests, coastal forests, warm bamboo forests, evergreen needle-leaved thickets, sclerophyllous thickets, deciduous broad-leaved thickets, evergreen broad-leaved thickets, xerothermic thorn-succulent thickets, bamboo thickets, meadows, sparse shrub grasslands, savannahic grasslands, sparse scree communities, chasmophytic vegetation, woody swamps, herbaceous swamps, moss bogs, fresh water aquatic vegetation, salt water aquatic vegetation) and 53 vegetation-types. The main alliances of each vegetation-type are described.展开更多
Based on the historical observed data and the modeling results,this paper investigated the seasonal variations in the Taiwan Warm Current Water(TWCW)using a cluster analysis method and examined the contributions of th...Based on the historical observed data and the modeling results,this paper investigated the seasonal variations in the Taiwan Warm Current Water(TWCW)using a cluster analysis method and examined the contributions of the Kuroshio onshore intrusion and the Taiwan Strait Warm Current(TSWC)to the TWCW on seasonal time scales.The TWCW has obviously seasonal variation in its horizontal distribution,T-S characteristics and volume.The volume of TWCW is maximum(13746 km^3)in winter and minimum(11397 km^3)in autumn.As to the contributions to the TWCW,the TSWC is greatest in summer and smallest in winter,while the Kuroshio onshore intrusion northeast of Taiwan Island is strongest in winter and weakest in summer.By comparison,the Kuroshio onshore intrusion make greater contributions to the Taiwan Warm Current Surface Water(TWCSW)than the TSWC for most of the year,except for in the summertime(from June to August),while the Kuroshio Subsurface Water(KSSW)dominate the Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water(TWCDW).The analysis results demonstrate that the local monsoon winds is the dominant factor controlling the seasonal variation in the TWCW volume via Ekman dynamics,while the surface heat fl ux can play a secondary role via the joint ef fect of baroclinicity and relief.展开更多
Introduction:Since 2015 is the year of FinTech in Taiwan,it is worth investigating the challenges that emerged when banks were encouraged to invest in FinTech companies for collaboration.This study aims to identify th...Introduction:Since 2015 is the year of FinTech in Taiwan,it is worth investigating the challenges that emerged when banks were encouraged to invest in FinTech companies for collaboration.This study aims to identify the strategic considerations in the process of searching for FinTech investment targets.Case description:This study used a case study investigation of a top-5 bank in Taiwan.The major data sources include the meeting notes of the FinTech investment task force and interviews with the team members.Co-opetition theory was adopted as the theoretical framework and interview questions were derived from the PARTS strategies in co-petition theory.The results relate to:(1)the strategic goals of FinTech investment,(2)the added value from FinTech companies,(3)criteria in selecting candidates in the same FinTech area,(4)choosing to work as either a cooperator or a competitor,and(5)barriers from policies and regulations.Discussion and evaluation:This study has several findings:(1)regulations and policies shape FinTech’s development;(2)banks,technology companies,and customers are not“FinTech ready;”(3)Compare top-down with bottom up strategies;(4)banks and FinTech companies have complex relationships;(5)it is unlikely that Taiwan will produce FinTech disruptors in the near future.Conclusion:The findings and discussion can benefit researchers and administrators in finance-related industries.More studies are desired to observe long-term development in terms of how companies collaborate or compete in specific FinTech areas.展开更多
By using the reanalysis data, the impact of oceanic eddies and frontal wave on Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan （KFETW） is studied. The result indicates that cold eddies （warm eddies） corresponding to the firs...By using the reanalysis data, the impact of oceanic eddies and frontal wave on Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan （KFETW） is studied. The result indicates that cold eddies （warm eddies） corresponding to the first baroclinic mode of Rossby wave can weaken （strengthen） the strength of the KFETW and narrow （widen） the width of this front. A frontal wave of the KFETW during January to February in 1991 is detected from the reanalysis data. And the trough （crest） of the frontal wave may weaken （strengthen） the strength of the KFETW and narrow （widen） the width and thickness of this front. It is found through the diagnostic analysis of the energy source of the frontal wave that the contribution of barotropic instability or that of baroclinic instability is more than that of Ketvin-Helmholtz （K-H） instability by 1 - 2 order of magnitude, and the contribution of the baroclinic instability is 5 times than that of the barotropic instability, thereby the frontal wave is basically driven by the baroclinic instability.展开更多
Oceanic front, especially Kuroshio front, is an important phenomenon that is of great significance for scientific research, national economy and military uses. However, Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan （KFETW in ...Oceanic front, especially Kuroshio front, is an important phenomenon that is of great significance for scientific research, national economy and military uses. However, Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan （KFETW in brief） was rare investigated. In this study, reanalysis method is used to study the KFETW＇s temporal and spatial variability and frontogenesis mechanism. It is found that although surface thermal front to the east of Taiwan is not obvious, there is an all-year strong Kuroshio thermal front called KFETW under the surface. The KFETW is connected to the south section of Kuroshio front in the East China Sea （KFECS in brief） and distributes along the east coastline of Taiwan. The KFETW has multi-scale variation feature. It has significant seasonal signal, and its intensity and width reach their maximum in summer. By using the reanalysis results obtained from this study, frontogenesis and changing mechanisms of the KFETW are discussed. It is found that both the Kuroshio and up-welling to the east of Taiwan can affect this front, and the up-welling may be the predominant factor in KFETW＇s frontogenesis and maintenance mechanism.展开更多
基金jointly supported by the Innovation Group Project of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)[grant number 316323005]the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation[grant numbers 2023A1515010741 and 2024B1515020035]the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province[grant number 2023B1212060019]。
文摘Forecasting tropical cyclone(TC)activities has been a topic of great interest and research.Taiwan Island(TW)is one of the key regions that is highly exposed to TCs originated from the western North Pacific.Here,the authors utilize two mainstream reanalysis datasets for the period 1979-2013 and propose an effective statistical seasonal forecasting model-namely,the Sun Yat-sen University(SYSU)Model-for predicting the number of TC landfalls on TW based on the environmental factors in the preseason.The comprehensive predictor sampling and multiple linear regression show that the 850-hPa meridional wind over the west of the Antarctic Peninsula in January,the 300-hPa specific humidity over the open ocean southwest of Australia in January,the 300-hPa relative vorticity over the west of the Sea of Okhotsk in March,and the sea surface temperature in the South Indian Ocean in April,are the most significant predictors.The correlation coefficient between the modeled results and observations reaches 0.87.The model is validated by the leave-one-out and nine-fold cross-validation methods,and recent 9-yr observations(2014-2022).The Antarctic Oscillation,variabilities of the western Pacific subtropical high,Asian summer monsoon,and oceanic tunnel are the possible physical linkages or mechanisms behind the model result.The SYSU Model exhibits a 98%hit rate in 1979-2022(43 out of 44),suggesting an operational potential in the seasonal forecasting of TC landfalls on TW.
基金supported by the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(No.SML2021SP318)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20190391)+1 种基金the Guangdong Province Introduced Innovative R&D Team of Geological Processes and Natural Disasters around the South China Sea founded by the Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province(No.2016ZT06N331)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2019A1515110305,2021A1515011130,2021A1515110288)。
文摘The release of accumulated stress through earthquakes is known to devote to the mud volcanism occurrence,which may in turn affect subsequent regional seismicity.Mud volcanoes have been observed on the northeast continental margin of the South China Sea as well.Based on the mud volcanoes and earthquakes catalogue,we measured the spatial and temporal distribution of z and b values,to explore the geodynamic process of the repeated eruptions of mud volcanoes influence on the regional seismicity.The results suggest a close correlation between the b-z values and mud volcanism occurrence in the SW Taiwan.Generally,the z-value anomalies in where the mud volcanoes eruptions show unchanged negative values and indicate seismic quiescence before a big earthquake,whereas the b-values often show periodicity fluctuations around the value of 0.5.This may indicate a mutual triggering relationship between the mud volcanoes and earthquakes.We infer that mud volcano eruptions help to partition and release part of the regional stress accumulation from the seismogenic structures,thus balancing the local stress and mitigating large-magnitude seismicity occurring probability.
文摘Taiwan,a Southeast Asian region,achieved rapid economic growth and the level of economic development it achieved in the 20th century,making it one of the countries and/or regions that created the Asian Miracle in the 1990s.Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China under the leadership of Mao,Chinese Nationalist Party leader Chiang Kai-shek established the Republic of China in Taiwan and established Taipei as its capital.Taiwan's automotive industry began with the establishment of a vehicle manufacturing company in 1953.Starting in the mid-1960s,automotive industry production began to increase,and with the new economic policies of the government from 1985 onwards,rapid production increases in the automotive industry accompanied the high economic growth rates.In addition,Taiwan Region of China automotive companies were able to shift their production to China in order to benefit from the rapid economic growth period in China in the 1980s.Thus,we can say that the rapidly growing Taiwan Region of China automotive industry came into question in the 1990s with all internal and external effects.Focusing on the historical development of the automotive industry is important in order to determine whether the development in the automotive industry is dependent on path.Today,we can say that Taiwan is one of the important automotive manufacturers.However,we can say that it is not one of the leading manufacturers.
基金supported by“National Social Science Foundation of China 2020”(Grant No.20CSS011).
文摘When it comes to the Taiwan question,people tend to focus on American factors.However,if tracing the source,the Japanese factors may be more profound than the American ones.After World WarⅡ,a group of intellectuals from Taiwan region of China represented by Thomas W.I.Liao established various“Taiwan independence”organizations in Japan and engaged in“Taiwan independence”activities,which can be regarded as the origin of the post-war“Taiwan independence”movement.Their journey to“Taiwan independence”was also influenced by the political situation at home and abroad at that time,and their experiences also showed that the“Taiwan independence”elements were just victims of international political transactions.The Taiwan question,which continues to this day,has been influenced by the complicated international political situation from the very beginning.
文摘The recovery of Taiwan was the victorious outcome of the joint resistance against Japanese aggression by compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.Taiwan's return to China was an important part of the post-war international order,and irrefutable historical evidence that both sides of the Strait belong to one and the same China.It proclaims the prevailing trend that both sides of the Taiwan Strait must and will be reunified.Lai Ching-te and the Democratic Progressive Party(DPP)authorities'attempts to downplay and distort the history of Taiwan's recovery cannot overturn the historical and legal fact that Taiwan is part of China.National reunification is a prevailing trend of China's historical development,an essential requirement for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,and will be a sure result of China's development and progress.Compatriots on both sides of the Strait should remember the history of Taiwan's recovery and return to the motherland,firmly safeguard state sovereignty and territorial integrity,and resolutely oppose"Taiwan independence"separatist acts.The international community should also be fully aware of and show understanding for the confidence and determination of the Chinese people to achieve China's complete reunification.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42364005,42174074,42064008 and 41704053)Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program(Grant No.2023FY201500)+1 种基金Science and Technology Plan Project of Jiangxi Province(20212BCJ23002,20232ACB213013)the East China University of Technology Research Foundation for Advanced Talents(ECUT)(DHBK2019084)。
文摘Earthquakes not only release the long-term accumulated stress on the seismogenic fault but may also increase the stress on some surrounding faults or other segments of the seismogenic fault,thereby raising the seismic risk on these faults.This study investigates the impact of the April 2,2024,Mw 7.4 earthquake in Hualien,Taiwan,China,on the surrounding faults and aftershocks.We analyze stress-triggering effects by calculating Coulomb stress changes(ΔCFS)using rupture models and focal mechanism data.Historical focal mechanism nodal planes serve as receiver fault parameters forΔCFS calculations.Our findings indicate signifi cant Coulomb stress loading on the Longitudinal Valley fault and Central Range structure due to the mainshock,promoting their seismic activity.Loading effects vary by fault type,with thrust and strike-slip faults experiencing more stress loading than normal and odd faults.Conversely,the rupture’s coseismic slip concentration area shows predominant stress unloading,inhibiting seismic activity in the region.Aftershocks mainly experience increasedΔCFS,suggesting that the stress-triggering induced by the mainshock considerably influences the earthquake sequence evolution.These insights are crucial for understanding aftershock patterns and enhancing seismic hazard assessments.
基金The Key R&D Project of Zhejiang Province under contract No.2023C03120the General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Province under contract No.Y202353957the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.42106017.
文摘El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)affects the changes in ocean physical elements in Taiwan Strait(TWS)primarily by regulating the strength of the East Asian Winter Monsoon(EAWM)and the intrusion of the Kuroshio.Additionally,the fluctuating impact between nutrient-poor seawater with high dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC)that infiltrates owing to the Kuroshio during El Niño phases and nutrient-rich seawater with low DIC from the South China Sea(SCS)carried by the EAWM during La Niña phases determines the nutrient content in TWS,thereby sculpting appropriate or unsuitable biochemical environment.In this study,based on high-resolution sea-surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide(pCO_(2))data,we investigate the relationship between pCO_(2)level of TWS and ENSO events in winter.The physical mechanisms affecting the anomalous distribution of pCO_(2)level during ENSO are also explored.Stepwise regression was employed to identify the optimal influencing factors for modeling pCO_(2).Results indicate a significant positive correlation between Niño3.4 index and pCO_(2),which is significantly influenced by factors such as sea-surface temperature(SST),chlorophyll-a(Chl a),and DIC.These are related to the anomalously strong Kuroshio intrusion and weaker EAWM during El Niño years.It brings a large amount of high SST water with low nutrient concentration and high DIC,which is detrimental to CO_(2)dissolution and phytoplankton growth over the TWS,leading to an increase in pCO_(2).Conversely,pCO_(2)level is significantly low under the influence of SCS seawater during La Niña years.Based on the characterization of the pCO_(2)level response to ENSO,the carbon balance at TWS can be explored.
文摘This article explores the styles and characteristics of thematic art creation in Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions,analyzing the uniqueness of these regions’artistic backgrounds,artistic languages,theme selections,and expressive techniques.The art creation in Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions is deeply influenced by traditional Chinese culture while incorporating Western artistic elements,exhibiting a diversified artistic style.Thematic art creation in these three regions has its own distinct features,including a deep exploration of local culture and a sensitive capture of the spirit of the times,which together constitute a rich and colorful artistic landscape in Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos. 40576015, 40810069004 and 40821063by the key research project of Fujian Province under contract No. 2004N203by the Fujian demonstrating region of the "863" Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China
文摘Diurnal and semi-diurnal tides in the Taiwan Strait and its adjacent areas are calculated by using a two-dimensional finite-difference model. Compared with data of more than 20 observation stations around the Taiwan Strait, the model-produced results agree quite well with those of previous researches using observational data from coastal tidal gauge stations. According to the results, the co-tidal and co-range charts are given. Furthermore, the characteristics of 8 major tidal constituents have been uminated respectively. The result shows that： （1） The tide motion can be attributed to the interaction between the degenerative rotary tidal system in the north and the progressive tidal system in the south. （2） The southward and northward tidal waves of semi-diurnal tide converge in the middle of the Taiwan Strait while the diurnal tidal waves propagate southwestward through the Taiwan Strait and the Luzon Strait. （3） The maximum amplitude of semi-diurnal tides exists at the area between the Meizhou Bay and Xinghua Bay, and that of diurnal tides appears in the region to the east of the Leizhou Peninsula, （4） The patterns of co-tidal and co-range charts of N2, K2 and P1, Q1 tidal constituents are similar to those of M2, S2 and K1 O1 tidat constituents, respectively
文摘The complexity of natural conditions leads to the complexity of vegetation types of Taiwan of China, which has both tropical and cold-temperate vegetation types, and could be depicted as the vegetation miniature of China or even for the world. The physiognomic-floristic principle was adopted for the vegetation classification of Taiwan. The units of rank from top to bottom are: class of vegetation-type, order of vegetation-type, vegetation-type, alliance group, alliance and association. The high-rank units (class, order and vegetation-type) are classified by ecological physiognomy, while the median and lower units by the species composition of community. At the same time the role of dominant species and character species will also be considered. The dominant species are the major factor concerned with the median ranks (alliance group, and alliance) because they are the chief components of community, additionally their remarkable appearance is easy to identify; the character species (or diagnostic species) are for relatively low ranks (association) because they will clearly show the interspecies relation-ship and the characteristics of community. According to this principle, vegetation of Taiwan is classi-fied into five classes of vegetation-types (forests, thickets, herbaceous vegetation, rock fields vegetation, swamps and aquatic vegetation), 29 orders of vegetation-types (cold-temperate needle-leaved forests, cool-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm-temperate needle-leaved forests, warm needle-leaved forests, deciduous broad-leaved forests, mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests, evergreen mossy forests, evergreen sclerophyllous forests, evergreen broad-leaved forests, tropical rain forests, tropical monsoon forests, coastal forests, warm bamboo forests, evergreen needle-leaved thickets, sclerophyllous thickets, deciduous broad-leaved thickets, evergreen broad-leaved thickets, xerothermic thorn-succulent thickets, bamboo thickets, meadows, sparse shrub grasslands, savannahic grasslands, sparse scree communities, chasmophytic vegetation, woody swamps, herbaceous swamps, moss bogs, fresh water aquatic vegetation, salt water aquatic vegetation) and 53 vegetation-types. The main alliances of each vegetation-type are described.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41506020,41476019,41528601)the CAS Strategy Pioneering Program(No.XDA110020104)+2 种基金the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41421005)the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers(No.U1406401)the Global Change and Air-Sea Interaction(No.GASI-03-01-01-02)
文摘Based on the historical observed data and the modeling results,this paper investigated the seasonal variations in the Taiwan Warm Current Water(TWCW)using a cluster analysis method and examined the contributions of the Kuroshio onshore intrusion and the Taiwan Strait Warm Current(TSWC)to the TWCW on seasonal time scales.The TWCW has obviously seasonal variation in its horizontal distribution,T-S characteristics and volume.The volume of TWCW is maximum(13746 km^3)in winter and minimum(11397 km^3)in autumn.As to the contributions to the TWCW,the TSWC is greatest in summer and smallest in winter,while the Kuroshio onshore intrusion northeast of Taiwan Island is strongest in winter and weakest in summer.By comparison,the Kuroshio onshore intrusion make greater contributions to the Taiwan Warm Current Surface Water(TWCSW)than the TSWC for most of the year,except for in the summertime(from June to August),while the Kuroshio Subsurface Water(KSSW)dominate the Taiwan Warm Current Deep Water(TWCDW).The analysis results demonstrate that the local monsoon winds is the dominant factor controlling the seasonal variation in the TWCW volume via Ekman dynamics,while the surface heat fl ux can play a secondary role via the joint ef fect of baroclinicity and relief.
文摘Introduction:Since 2015 is the year of FinTech in Taiwan,it is worth investigating the challenges that emerged when banks were encouraged to invest in FinTech companies for collaboration.This study aims to identify the strategic considerations in the process of searching for FinTech investment targets.Case description:This study used a case study investigation of a top-5 bank in Taiwan.The major data sources include the meeting notes of the FinTech investment task force and interviews with the team members.Co-opetition theory was adopted as the theoretical framework and interview questions were derived from the PARTS strategies in co-petition theory.The results relate to:(1)the strategic goals of FinTech investment,(2)the added value from FinTech companies,(3)criteria in selecting candidates in the same FinTech area,(4)choosing to work as either a cooperator or a competitor,and(5)barriers from policies and regulations.Discussion and evaluation:This study has several findings:(1)regulations and policies shape FinTech’s development;(2)banks,technology companies,and customers are not“FinTech ready;”(3)Compare top-down with bottom up strategies;(4)banks and FinTech companies have complex relationships;(5)it is unlikely that Taiwan will produce FinTech disruptors in the near future.Conclusion:The findings and discussion can benefit researchers and administrators in finance-related industries.More studies are desired to observe long-term development in terms of how companies collaborate or compete in specific FinTech areas.
文摘By using the reanalysis data, the impact of oceanic eddies and frontal wave on Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan （KFETW） is studied. The result indicates that cold eddies （warm eddies） corresponding to the first baroclinic mode of Rossby wave can weaken （strengthen） the strength of the KFETW and narrow （widen） the width of this front. A frontal wave of the KFETW during January to February in 1991 is detected from the reanalysis data. And the trough （crest） of the frontal wave may weaken （strengthen） the strength of the KFETW and narrow （widen） the width and thickness of this front. It is found through the diagnostic analysis of the energy source of the frontal wave that the contribution of barotropic instability or that of baroclinic instability is more than that of Ketvin-Helmholtz （K-H） instability by 1 - 2 order of magnitude, and the contribution of the baroclinic instability is 5 times than that of the barotropic instability, thereby the frontal wave is basically driven by the baroclinic instability.
基金supported by grants of the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2007CB816001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41030854,40906016 and 40906015)
文摘Oceanic front, especially Kuroshio front, is an important phenomenon that is of great significance for scientific research, national economy and military uses. However, Kuroshio front to the east of Taiwan （KFETW in brief） was rare investigated. In this study, reanalysis method is used to study the KFETW＇s temporal and spatial variability and frontogenesis mechanism. It is found that although surface thermal front to the east of Taiwan is not obvious, there is an all-year strong Kuroshio thermal front called KFETW under the surface. The KFETW is connected to the south section of Kuroshio front in the East China Sea （KFECS in brief） and distributes along the east coastline of Taiwan. The KFETW has multi-scale variation feature. It has significant seasonal signal, and its intensity and width reach their maximum in summer. By using the reanalysis results obtained from this study, frontogenesis and changing mechanisms of the KFETW are discussed. It is found that both the Kuroshio and up-welling to the east of Taiwan can affect this front, and the up-welling may be the predominant factor in KFETW＇s frontogenesis and maintenance mechanism.
