In recent years,graphics processing units(GPUs)have been applied to accelerate Monte Carlo(MC)simulations for proton dose calculation in radiotherapy.Nonetheless,current GPU platforms,such as Compute Unified Device Ar...In recent years,graphics processing units(GPUs)have been applied to accelerate Monte Carlo(MC)simulations for proton dose calculation in radiotherapy.Nonetheless,current GPU platforms,such as Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)and Open Computing Language(OpenCL),suffer from cross-platform limitation or relatively high programming barrier.However,the Taichi toolkit,which was developed to overcome these difficulties,has been successfully applied to high-performance numerical computations.Based on the class II condensed history simulation scheme with various proton-nucleus interactions,we developed a GPU-accelerated MC engine for proton transport using the Taichi toolkit.Dose distributions in homogeneous and heterogeneous geometries were calculated for 110,160,and 200 MeV protons and were compared with those obtained by full MC simulations using TOPAS.The gamma passing rates were greater than 0.99 and 0.95 with criteria of 2 mm,2%and 1 mm,1%,respectively,in all the benchmark tests.Moreover,the calculation speed was at least 5800 times faster than that of TOPAS,and the number of lines of code was approximately 10 times less than those of CUDA or OpenCL.Our study provides a highly accurate,efficient,and easy-to-use proton dose calculation engine for fast prototyping,beamlet calculation,and education purposes.展开更多
Background: Taichi softball was voted as one of the most popular health-promoting exercises in the category of ball games, which is attributed to that Taichi softball is not only beneficial for lower extremity-related...Background: Taichi softball was voted as one of the most popular health-promoting exercises in the category of ball games, which is attributed to that Taichi softball is not only beneficial for lower extremity-related physical health (e.g., balance, leg strength, and flexibility), but can also develop manipulative skill and hand-eye coordination (eating, bathing, dressing, bathing required manipulative skills, grips movement and strength). However, the positive effects of Taichi softball on physical health have rarely been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of Taichi softball on physical health. Methods: Five electronic databases were used to conduct literature searches. Two review authors independently extracted data in a standardized manner. The methodological quality of studies included was independently evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration’s for Assessing Risk of Bias from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review Interventions. The standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using more conservative random effects model were calculated. Results: The sample size of 411 participants ranged from 32 to 150 in the RCTs, along with a wide age range from 18 to 75. The length of Taichi softball intervention peri-ods in the eligible studies ranged from 12 weeks to 12 months. The participants in the studies consisted of healthy college students, patients with Type 2 diabe-tes, and older adults from community centers. Six randomized controlled trials were used for the meta-analysis. The aggregated results are in favor of Taichi softball on improving physical health in participants with healthy status and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The improvement on the primary components of the physical health consisted of handgrip strength (SMD, -0.6, 95% CI -0.84 to 0.36, p < 0.00001), trunk flexibility (SMD, -0.4, 95% CI -0.74 to -0.05, p = 0.03), static (SMD, -0.73, 95% CI -0.94 to -0.51, p < 0.00001) and dynamic balance (SMD, -0.68, 95% CI -1.2 to -0.17, p = 0.009). Conclusions: Taichi softball appears to be beneficial for improving physical health (hand strength, physical balance, flexibility, aerobic endurance, resting heart rate, diastolic and systolic pressures) among healthy adults and patients with Type 2 Diabetes. However, because of the low methodological quality of assessment, ill-designed experimental designs, and small study size, a definite conclusion of Taichi softball improving physical health can be confirmed along with high-quality studies with long follow-up.展开更多
Purpose:To investigate and compare the rehabilitation effects of Taichi exercise and functional exercise on scapulohumeral periarthritis.Method:Eighty patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis from a community in Jin...Purpose:To investigate and compare the rehabilitation effects of Taichi exercise and functional exercise on scapulohumeral periarthritis.Method:Eighty patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis from a community in Jingzhou,Hubei,China,were randomly selected from January to June 2016.They were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.On the basis of routine treatment and nursing,the experimental group(40 patients)adopted the Taichi exercise treatment while the control group(40 patients)adopted the functional exercise treatment.In the end,the shoulder joint pain degree changes,and the improvement of shoulder joint movements and the myoelectricity and myodynamia on the surfaces of the shoulder muscle group of the two groups were tested and measured.Result:The scoring difference of shoulder joint pain between the experimental group and the control group is significant,which is of statistical significance(P<0.05).Before the treatment,the difference of shoulder joint movement between the two groups isn't significant,with no statistical significance,but after the treatment,the difference is significant,which is of statistical significance(P<0.05).The myodynamia difference between the two groups after the treatment is significant,which is of statistical significance(P<0.05).The therapy efficiency of the experimental group is higher than that of the control group and the difference is significant,which is of statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of routine physical treatment,adopting Taichi exercise can increase the therapy efficiency on the patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis,can improve the blood supply and inflammation on the shoulder and improve patient's life quality.展开更多
Objective:To examine the leakage radiation dose from the accelerator module's primary beam self-shielding,aswell as stray radiation levels and distribution in the treatment room across various planes for the innov...Objective:To examine the leakage radiation dose from the accelerator module's primary beam self-shielding,aswell as stray radiation levels and distribution in the treatment room across various planes for the innovative X/γmultimodal radiotherapy system,TaiChi Pro,which is the world's first digitally integrated system that combines alinear accelerator,multi-source rotational focused gamma knife,and multi-modal image guidance,in order toformulate treatment room safety strategies and estimate additional radiation doses to patients.Methods:The TaiChi Pro multi-mode integrated radiotherapy system was utilized with a 6 MV X-ray accelerator inthe flatten-filter free(FFF)treatment mode.The system has a primary radiation beam self-shielding,and anisocenter dose rate of 800 cGy/min.For detection points in various planes,an x,y,z coordinate system wasestablished with the isocenter as the origin.To simulate the situation of patient,water-equivalent phantom wasemployed.The ambient dose equivalent and ambient dose equivalent rate at detection points in the radiation fieldwere measured using thermoluminescence dosimeters.Results:The self-shielding area achieved a maximum dose of 114.0 mGy at 1 m distance from the target point after3 min of cumulative irradiation.The leakage radiation ratios at all points remained below 0.5%,fulfilling the selfshielding design requirements.Regarding the couch,the highest radiation was observed in the opposite directionof the beam at the target point.The stray radiation on the treatment bed plane resulted in an ambient doseequivalent that did not exceed 0.5%of the ambient dose equivalent at the central point.Conclusion:The levels and distribution patterns of stray and leakage radiation inside the TaiChi Pro treatmentroom meet the requirements of the relevant national standard.The measured values of indoor radiation levels anddistribution are very useful for room shielding design and personnel protection.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.11735003,11975041,and 11961141004)。
文摘In recent years,graphics processing units(GPUs)have been applied to accelerate Monte Carlo(MC)simulations for proton dose calculation in radiotherapy.Nonetheless,current GPU platforms,such as Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)and Open Computing Language(OpenCL),suffer from cross-platform limitation or relatively high programming barrier.However,the Taichi toolkit,which was developed to overcome these difficulties,has been successfully applied to high-performance numerical computations.Based on the class II condensed history simulation scheme with various proton-nucleus interactions,we developed a GPU-accelerated MC engine for proton transport using the Taichi toolkit.Dose distributions in homogeneous and heterogeneous geometries were calculated for 110,160,and 200 MeV protons and were compared with those obtained by full MC simulations using TOPAS.The gamma passing rates were greater than 0.99 and 0.95 with criteria of 2 mm,2%and 1 mm,1%,respectively,in all the benchmark tests.Moreover,the calculation speed was at least 5800 times faster than that of TOPAS,and the number of lines of code was approximately 10 times less than those of CUDA or OpenCL.Our study provides a highly accurate,efficient,and easy-to-use proton dose calculation engine for fast prototyping,beamlet calculation,and education purposes.
文摘Background: Taichi softball was voted as one of the most popular health-promoting exercises in the category of ball games, which is attributed to that Taichi softball is not only beneficial for lower extremity-related physical health (e.g., balance, leg strength, and flexibility), but can also develop manipulative skill and hand-eye coordination (eating, bathing, dressing, bathing required manipulative skills, grips movement and strength). However, the positive effects of Taichi softball on physical health have rarely been investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of Taichi softball on physical health. Methods: Five electronic databases were used to conduct literature searches. Two review authors independently extracted data in a standardized manner. The methodological quality of studies included was independently evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration’s for Assessing Risk of Bias from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review Interventions. The standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using more conservative random effects model were calculated. Results: The sample size of 411 participants ranged from 32 to 150 in the RCTs, along with a wide age range from 18 to 75. The length of Taichi softball intervention peri-ods in the eligible studies ranged from 12 weeks to 12 months. The participants in the studies consisted of healthy college students, patients with Type 2 diabe-tes, and older adults from community centers. Six randomized controlled trials were used for the meta-analysis. The aggregated results are in favor of Taichi softball on improving physical health in participants with healthy status and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The improvement on the primary components of the physical health consisted of handgrip strength (SMD, -0.6, 95% CI -0.84 to 0.36, p < 0.00001), trunk flexibility (SMD, -0.4, 95% CI -0.74 to -0.05, p = 0.03), static (SMD, -0.73, 95% CI -0.94 to -0.51, p < 0.00001) and dynamic balance (SMD, -0.68, 95% CI -1.2 to -0.17, p = 0.009). Conclusions: Taichi softball appears to be beneficial for improving physical health (hand strength, physical balance, flexibility, aerobic endurance, resting heart rate, diastolic and systolic pressures) among healthy adults and patients with Type 2 Diabetes. However, because of the low methodological quality of assessment, ill-designed experimental designs, and small study size, a definite conclusion of Taichi softball improving physical health can be confirmed along with high-quality studies with long follow-up.
文摘Purpose:To investigate and compare the rehabilitation effects of Taichi exercise and functional exercise on scapulohumeral periarthritis.Method:Eighty patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis from a community in Jingzhou,Hubei,China,were randomly selected from January to June 2016.They were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.On the basis of routine treatment and nursing,the experimental group(40 patients)adopted the Taichi exercise treatment while the control group(40 patients)adopted the functional exercise treatment.In the end,the shoulder joint pain degree changes,and the improvement of shoulder joint movements and the myoelectricity and myodynamia on the surfaces of the shoulder muscle group of the two groups were tested and measured.Result:The scoring difference of shoulder joint pain between the experimental group and the control group is significant,which is of statistical significance(P<0.05).Before the treatment,the difference of shoulder joint movement between the two groups isn't significant,with no statistical significance,but after the treatment,the difference is significant,which is of statistical significance(P<0.05).The myodynamia difference between the two groups after the treatment is significant,which is of statistical significance(P<0.05).The therapy efficiency of the experimental group is higher than that of the control group and the difference is significant,which is of statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of routine physical treatment,adopting Taichi exercise can increase the therapy efficiency on the patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis,can improve the blood supply and inflammation on the shoulder and improve patient's life quality.
基金supported by the Construction Project of High-Level Public Health Technical Personnel in Beijing(Academic Leader-01-20),China.
文摘Objective:To examine the leakage radiation dose from the accelerator module's primary beam self-shielding,aswell as stray radiation levels and distribution in the treatment room across various planes for the innovative X/γmultimodal radiotherapy system,TaiChi Pro,which is the world's first digitally integrated system that combines alinear accelerator,multi-source rotational focused gamma knife,and multi-modal image guidance,in order toformulate treatment room safety strategies and estimate additional radiation doses to patients.Methods:The TaiChi Pro multi-mode integrated radiotherapy system was utilized with a 6 MV X-ray accelerator inthe flatten-filter free(FFF)treatment mode.The system has a primary radiation beam self-shielding,and anisocenter dose rate of 800 cGy/min.For detection points in various planes,an x,y,z coordinate system wasestablished with the isocenter as the origin.To simulate the situation of patient,water-equivalent phantom wasemployed.The ambient dose equivalent and ambient dose equivalent rate at detection points in the radiation fieldwere measured using thermoluminescence dosimeters.Results:The self-shielding area achieved a maximum dose of 114.0 mGy at 1 m distance from the target point after3 min of cumulative irradiation.The leakage radiation ratios at all points remained below 0.5%,fulfilling the selfshielding design requirements.Regarding the couch,the highest radiation was observed in the opposite directionof the beam at the target point.The stray radiation on the treatment bed plane resulted in an ambient doseequivalent that did not exceed 0.5%of the ambient dose equivalent at the central point.Conclusion:The levels and distribution patterns of stray and leakage radiation inside the TaiChi Pro treatmentroom meet the requirements of the relevant national standard.The measured values of indoor radiation levels anddistribution are very useful for room shielding design and personnel protection.
