Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) develops leaf rosettes under short-day conditions, and starts reproductive growth including bolting and flowering under long-day conditions. Japanese people prefer Oriental spinach that ...Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) develops leaf rosettes under short-day conditions, and starts reproductive growth including bolting and flowering under long-day conditions. Japanese people prefer Oriental spinach that bolts easily with a shorter photoperiod than European spinach. This is one of the main reasons that Oriental spinach is difficult to grow year-round. In order to understand spinach flowering mechanisms and obtain knowledge for spinach breeding, we isolated one CONSTANS-like (COL) and two FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologs, which are key components of photoperiodic regulation of flowering time, from a Japanese cultivar. The expression of SoCOL1 showed diurnal rhythm with the highest expression at the end of the dark cycle. This diurnal rhythm is similar to the expression of BvCOL1 from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), whose flower-promoting effect was observed when overexpressed in Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SoCOL1 is the closest homolog of BvCOL1, suggesting that SoCOL1 is an ortholog of BvCOL1. SoFT1 and SoFT2 are closely related to BvFT1 and BvFT2, respectively. The expression of SoFT1 and SoFT2 were induced in advance of flower bud formation after changing the photoperiod, but the expression level of SoFT1 was much lower than SoFT2. Currently, we are speculating that SoFT2 is a flower-promoting factor of spinach, and that SoFT1 has a role in light signaling because the expression of SoFT1 showed a diurnal rhythm.展开更多
目的:分析卡度尼利单抗所致不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)的发生情况及临床特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:对2021年1月—2022年12月我院应用卡度尼利单抗发生ADR的18例住院患者病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果:18例发生卡度...目的:分析卡度尼利单抗所致不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)的发生情况及临床特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:对2021年1月—2022年12月我院应用卡度尼利单抗发生ADR的18例住院患者病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果:18例发生卡度尼利单抗相关ADR中,男性12例(66.67%),女性6例(33.33%),中位发病年龄为64岁,原发疾病以肺癌为主(14例,77.78%)。临床主要表现为皮疹瘙痒、免疫相关甲状腺功能异常、免疫相关垂体炎、免疫相关心肌炎等。免疫相关肝炎和甲状腺功能减退ADR的中位发生时间分别为11和12周,免疫相关肺炎中位发生时间为给药19.7周,脑炎中位发生时间为43.3周,心肌炎和垂体炎的中位发生时间为30周左右,皮肤毒性的中位时间为6.1周。所有的ADR经对症支持治疗后症状治愈或好转,无不良事件相关死亡病例。结论:在临床合理使用卡度尼利单抗时,应提高临床工作者卡度尼利单抗ADR的监测,保障患者安全有效用药。展开更多
文摘Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) develops leaf rosettes under short-day conditions, and starts reproductive growth including bolting and flowering under long-day conditions. Japanese people prefer Oriental spinach that bolts easily with a shorter photoperiod than European spinach. This is one of the main reasons that Oriental spinach is difficult to grow year-round. In order to understand spinach flowering mechanisms and obtain knowledge for spinach breeding, we isolated one CONSTANS-like (COL) and two FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) homologs, which are key components of photoperiodic regulation of flowering time, from a Japanese cultivar. The expression of SoCOL1 showed diurnal rhythm with the highest expression at the end of the dark cycle. This diurnal rhythm is similar to the expression of BvCOL1 from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), whose flower-promoting effect was observed when overexpressed in Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SoCOL1 is the closest homolog of BvCOL1, suggesting that SoCOL1 is an ortholog of BvCOL1. SoFT1 and SoFT2 are closely related to BvFT1 and BvFT2, respectively. The expression of SoFT1 and SoFT2 were induced in advance of flower bud formation after changing the photoperiod, but the expression level of SoFT1 was much lower than SoFT2. Currently, we are speculating that SoFT2 is a flower-promoting factor of spinach, and that SoFT1 has a role in light signaling because the expression of SoFT1 showed a diurnal rhythm.
文摘目的:分析卡度尼利单抗所致不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)的发生情况及临床特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:对2021年1月—2022年12月我院应用卡度尼利单抗发生ADR的18例住院患者病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果:18例发生卡度尼利单抗相关ADR中,男性12例(66.67%),女性6例(33.33%),中位发病年龄为64岁,原发疾病以肺癌为主(14例,77.78%)。临床主要表现为皮疹瘙痒、免疫相关甲状腺功能异常、免疫相关垂体炎、免疫相关心肌炎等。免疫相关肝炎和甲状腺功能减退ADR的中位发生时间分别为11和12周,免疫相关肺炎中位发生时间为给药19.7周,脑炎中位发生时间为43.3周,心肌炎和垂体炎的中位发生时间为30周左右,皮肤毒性的中位时间为6.1周。所有的ADR经对症支持治疗后症状治愈或好转,无不良事件相关死亡病例。结论:在临床合理使用卡度尼利单抗时,应提高临床工作者卡度尼利单抗ADR的监测,保障患者安全有效用药。
