The renewed interest that is being paid by architects, project developers and local governments to integrate wind turbines with buildings is mainly required a framework to unify much data, criteria and variables to ea...The renewed interest that is being paid by architects, project developers and local governments to integrate wind turbines with buildings is mainly required a framework to unify much data, criteria and variables to ease the design process to many architects. Therefore, this paper introduces and elaborates the systematic framework towards the efficient integration of wind technologies into new building. Moreover, it evaluates the framework effectiveness by comparing the current status of wind technologies integration into a buitding with the suggested status if the framework is followed.展开更多
On July 2^(nd),2025,32 scientists representing 15 countries gathered at Tartu,Estonia to make on-site endorsements for the Global ONCE(Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions)Program at the 12th INTECOL Wetlands Conference.Th...On July 2^(nd),2025,32 scientists representing 15 countries gathered at Tartu,Estonia to make on-site endorsements for the Global ONCE(Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions)Program at the 12th INTECOL Wetlands Conference.This marks a significant milestone for ONCE in establishing a systematic framework for coastal wetland carbon sequestration research and global collaboration(Figs.1,2).Coastal wetlands are critical transition zones linking terrestrial and marine ecosystems,yet they face severe degradation from anthropogenic land-based activities and sea level rise that propagate impacts to the ocean.As a UN Ocean Decade Program,the Global ONCE Program champions interdisciplinary and cross-regional collaboration to enhance carbon sequestration in the ocean and coastal wetlands through science and innovation.Aligned with the Tartu Declaration on Wetlands that includes resolutions to promote the rights of global wetlands(especially peatlands)and advance the discipline of wetland science based on facts,this initiative addresses key knowledge gaps in land-ocean interactions.The goal is to harness the full potential of coastal wetlands and ocean systems for climate mitigation,thereby laying a scientific foundation for international policy formulation and implementation.展开更多
Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)in critical infrastructure face serious threats of attack,motivating research into a wide variety of defence mechanisms such as those that monitor for violations of invariants,i.e.logical p...Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)in critical infrastructure face serious threats of attack,motivating research into a wide variety of defence mechanisms such as those that monitor for violations of invariants,i.e.logical properties over sensor and actuator states that should always be true.Many approaches for identifying invariants attempt to do so automatically,typically using data logs,but these can miss valid system properties if relevant behaviours are not well-represented in the data.Furthermore,as the CPS is already built,resolving any design flaws or weak points identified through this process is costly.In this paper,we propose a systematic method for deriving invariants from an analysis of a CPS design,based on principles of the axiomatic design methodology from design science.Our method iteratively decomposes a high-level CPS design to identify sets of dependent design parameters(i.e.sensors and actuators),allowing for invariants and invariant checkers to be derived in parallel to the implementation of the system.We apply our method to the designs of two CPS testbeds,SWaT and WADI,deriving a suite of invariant checkers that are able to detect a variety of single-and multi-stage attacks without any false positives.Finally,we reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of our approach,how it can be complemented by other defence mechanisms,and how it could help engineers to identify and resolve weak points in a design before the controllers of a CPS are implemented.展开更多
文摘The renewed interest that is being paid by architects, project developers and local governments to integrate wind turbines with buildings is mainly required a framework to unify much data, criteria and variables to ease the design process to many architects. Therefore, this paper introduces and elaborates the systematic framework towards the efficient integration of wind technologies into new building. Moreover, it evaluates the framework effectiveness by comparing the current status of wind technologies integration into a buitding with the suggested status if the framework is followed.
文摘On July 2^(nd),2025,32 scientists representing 15 countries gathered at Tartu,Estonia to make on-site endorsements for the Global ONCE(Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions)Program at the 12th INTECOL Wetlands Conference.This marks a significant milestone for ONCE in establishing a systematic framework for coastal wetland carbon sequestration research and global collaboration(Figs.1,2).Coastal wetlands are critical transition zones linking terrestrial and marine ecosystems,yet they face severe degradation from anthropogenic land-based activities and sea level rise that propagate impacts to the ocean.As a UN Ocean Decade Program,the Global ONCE Program champions interdisciplinary and cross-regional collaboration to enhance carbon sequestration in the ocean and coastal wetlands through science and innovation.Aligned with the Tartu Declaration on Wetlands that includes resolutions to promote the rights of global wetlands(especially peatlands)and advance the discipline of wetland science based on facts,this initiative addresses key knowledge gaps in land-ocean interactions.The goal is to harness the full potential of coastal wetlands and ocean systems for climate mitigation,thereby laying a scientific foundation for international policy formulation and implementation.
基金the National Research Foundation,Singapore,under its National Satellite of Excellence Programme“Design Science and Technology for Secure Critical Infrastructure”(Award Number:NSoE DeST-SCI2019-0004).
文摘Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)in critical infrastructure face serious threats of attack,motivating research into a wide variety of defence mechanisms such as those that monitor for violations of invariants,i.e.logical properties over sensor and actuator states that should always be true.Many approaches for identifying invariants attempt to do so automatically,typically using data logs,but these can miss valid system properties if relevant behaviours are not well-represented in the data.Furthermore,as the CPS is already built,resolving any design flaws or weak points identified through this process is costly.In this paper,we propose a systematic method for deriving invariants from an analysis of a CPS design,based on principles of the axiomatic design methodology from design science.Our method iteratively decomposes a high-level CPS design to identify sets of dependent design parameters(i.e.sensors and actuators),allowing for invariants and invariant checkers to be derived in parallel to the implementation of the system.We apply our method to the designs of two CPS testbeds,SWaT and WADI,deriving a suite of invariant checkers that are able to detect a variety of single-and multi-stage attacks without any false positives.Finally,we reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of our approach,how it can be complemented by other defence mechanisms,and how it could help engineers to identify and resolve weak points in a design before the controllers of a CPS are implemented.
