AIM:To identify a possible role of home echocardiography for monitoring chronic heart failure(CHF)patients.METHODS:We prospectively investigated 118 patients hospitalized during the last year for CHF who could not eas...AIM:To identify a possible role of home echocardiography for monitoring chronic heart failure(CHF)patients.METHODS:We prospectively investigated 118 patients hospitalized during the last year for CHF who could not easily reach the pertaining District Healthcare Center.The patients were followed up with 2 home management programs:one including clinical and electrocardiographic evaluations and also periodic home echocardiographic examinations(group A),the other including clinical and electrocardiographic evaluations only(group B).RESULTS:At the end of the 18-mo follow-up no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups as regards the primary endpoint:rehospitalization occurred in 4 patients of the group A and in 6 patients of the group B;major cardiovascular events occurred in 2 and in 3 patients,respectively.No significant differences were observed with respect to the secondary endpoints:one vascular event appeared in both the groups,3 cardiovascular deaths occurred in group A and 2 in group B.No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups as regards the composite endpoint of death plus hospitalization.CONCLUSION:Home echocardiography for monitoring of CHF patients does not improve the cardiovascular endpoints.In our CHF patients,a low incidence of vascular events was observed.展开更多
This paper covers the monitoring activities of organochlorine (OCS) pesticide residues in the GEMS/Food program, which China took part in for the first time in 1992. The levels of HCH and DDT were determined in 355 sa...This paper covers the monitoring activities of organochlorine (OCS) pesticide residues in the GEMS/Food program, which China took part in for the first time in 1992. The levels of HCH and DDT were determined in 355 samples of eight main varieties of food , taken from five provinces and cities. The results show that the positive rate of HCH is 69%, of which 99. 44 % is in accord with the National Standards of Food Hygiene of China. As to DDT, the two rates are 42 % and 100 % respectively. The daily intakes of HCH and DDT are 0. 22 mg/ kg.bw and 0. 54 mg/kg. bw respectively, which are far below their corresponding ADIs.Compared with those in 1970s, the OCS residues have decreased significantly. Therefore the monitored varieties of food are safe to people's health展开更多
Based on the new algorithm for GIS image pixel topographic factors in remote sensing monitoring ofsoil losses, a software was developed for microcomputer to carry out computation at a medium river basin(county). This ...Based on the new algorithm for GIS image pixel topographic factors in remote sensing monitoring ofsoil losses, a software was developed for microcomputer to carry out computation at a medium river basin(county). This paper lays its emphasis on algorithmic skills and programming techniques as well as applicationof the software.展开更多
The National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS) is an integrated network of 29 protected and coordinated estuarine reserve sites in 23 states and one territory (Puerto Rico) covering more than 525,000 ha of est...The National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS) is an integrated network of 29 protected and coordinated estuarine reserve sites in 23 states and one territory (Puerto Rico) covering more than 525,000 ha of estuarine habitat, adjoining wetlands, and uplands that encompass 19 biogeographical regions along the Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Pacific coasts, as well as the Caribbean Sea and Great Lakes. NERRS is an ecosystem-based research and monitoring network of sites serving as platforms to develop quantitative databases of value to coastal management programs in identifying and tracking short-term variability and long-term changes in the integrity and biodiversity of estuarine systems nationwide due to natural perturbations and anthropogenic disturbances. The reserve sites also play a vital role in assessing coastal issues of local, regional, and national significance for the purpose of sustaining estuarine systems and coastal lands, such as evaluating their responses to climate change and other major stressors to inform coastal decision-making and public awareness for the protection and resilience of natural resources and coastal communities. Over the past four decades, NERRS sites have collected large volumes of research and monitoring data of great utility in characterizing estuarine environments and addressing an array of resource-management concerns, including degraded water quality, loss and alteration of essential habitat, impacted fisheries, invasive species, and conservation.展开更多
The Law of Soil and Water Conservation entitles the administrations of water resources at various level to monitor ecological environment and to proclaim status of soil erosion periodically.Monitoring units of soil an...The Law of Soil and Water Conservation entitles the administrations of water resources at various level to monitor ecological environment and to proclaim status of soil erosion periodically.Monitoring units of soil and water conservation approved by local governments are obliged to undertake this work.How to develop a monitoring program needs an overall and long-term concept.Particularity and objectives of ecological environment monitoring was discussed. Monitoring at provincial level may be divided into two levels:province-wide and at project level. Those indicators meaningful,sensitive to any disturbances,and simple to measure may be selected to test status of ecosystem stability and health.It makes sense to have an integrated sampling design,to set up permanent observation plots and to collect data, so that to have a relative timely,accurate understanding of ecosystems in the province.A program regarding sampling design,field methods, data analysis,documentation and implementation was detailed.展开更多
Assessment of the current status of Lake Baikal proved to be based on changes in natural (“preindustrial”) chemical content in basic abiotic and biological compartments of the Lake geosystem. This approach was used ...Assessment of the current status of Lake Baikal proved to be based on changes in natural (“preindustrial”) chemical content in basic abiotic and biological compartments of the Lake geosystem. This approach was used to evaluate background “base-line levels” of 6 major and about 50 minor and trace ele-ments in the Lake Baikal water body using a number of most reliable data re-ported within 1992-2012. In terms of environment geochemistry Baikal is one of the purest water reservoirs on the Earth. A simple mass balance model was proposed for assessing possible anthropogenic impact on Baikal water geo-chemistry. Estimations of change trends showed that only for Na+, SO42-, Cl- and Mo growth rate of their average concentrations in the Lake occurred to be 1%, 3%, 7% and 2% in every 10 years. Space-time monitoring schedules for all water body compartments of the Lake are proposed as well as similar moni-toring programs for tributaries, precipitations, bottom sediments, aquatic biota.展开更多
This study makes a significant progress in addressing the challenges of short-term slope displacement prediction in the Universal Landslide Monitoring Program,an unprecedented disaster mitigation program in China,wher...This study makes a significant progress in addressing the challenges of short-term slope displacement prediction in the Universal Landslide Monitoring Program,an unprecedented disaster mitigation program in China,where lots of newly established monitoring slopes lack sufficient historical deformation data,making it difficult to extract deformation patterns and provide effective predictions which plays a crucial role in the early warning and forecasting of landslide hazards.A slope displacement prediction method based on transfer learning is therefore proposed.Initially,the method transfers the deformation patterns learned from slopes with relatively rich deformation data by a pre-trained model based on a multi-slope integrated dataset to newly established monitoring slopes with limited or even no useful data,thus enabling rapid and efficient predictions for these slopes.Subsequently,as time goes on and monitoring data accumulates,fine-tuning of the pre-trained model for individual slopes can further improve prediction accuracy,enabling continuous optimization of prediction results.A case study indicates that,after being trained on a multi-slope integrated dataset,the TCN-Transformer model can efficiently serve as a pretrained model for displacement prediction at newly established monitoring slopes.The three-day average RMSE is significantly reduced by 34.6%compared to models trained only on individual slope data,and it also successfully predicts the majority of deformation peaks.The fine-tuned model based on accumulated data on the target newly established monitoring slope further reduced the three-day RMSE by 37.2%,demonstrating a considerable predictive accuracy.In conclusion,taking advantage of transfer learning,the proposed slope displacement prediction method effectively utilizes the available data,which enables the rapid deployment and continual refinement of displacement predictions on newly established monitoring slopes.展开更多
This study proposes the use of the MERISE conceptual data model to create indicators for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training in the Republic of Congo. The importance of MERISE for struct...This study proposes the use of the MERISE conceptual data model to create indicators for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training in the Republic of Congo. The importance of MERISE for structuring and analyzing data is underlined, as it enables the measurement of the adequacy between training and the needs of the labor market. The innovation of the study lies in the adaptation of the MERISE model to the local context, the development of innovative indicators, and the integration of a participatory approach including all relevant stakeholders. Contextual adaptation and local innovation: The study suggests adapting MERISE to the specific context of the Republic of Congo, considering the local particularities of the labor market. Development of innovative indicators and new measurement tools: It proposes creating indicators to assess skills matching and employer satisfaction, which are crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training. Participatory approach and inclusion of stakeholders: The study emphasizes actively involving training centers, employers, and recruitment agencies in the evaluation process. This participatory approach ensures that the perspectives of all stakeholders are considered, leading to more relevant and practical outcomes. Using the MERISE model allows for: • Rigorous data structuring, organization, and standardization: Clearly defining entities and relationships facilitates data organization and standardization, crucial for effective data analysis. • Facilitation of monitoring, analysis, and relevant indicators: Developing both quantitative and qualitative indicators helps measure the effectiveness of training in relation to the labor market, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation. • Improved communication and common language: By providing a common language for different stakeholders, MERISE enhances communication and collaboration, ensuring that all parties have a shared understanding. The study’s approach and contribution to existing research lie in: • Structured theoretical and practical framework and holistic approach: The study offers a structured framework for data collection and analysis, covering both quantitative and qualitative aspects, thus providing a comprehensive view of the training system. • Reproducible methodology and international comparison: The proposed methodology can be replicated in other contexts, facilitating international comparison and the adoption of best practices. • Extension of knowledge and new perspective: By integrating a participatory approach and developing indicators adapted to local needs, the study extends existing research and offers new perspectives on vocational training evaluation.展开更多
The Ross Sea region is a biologically rich and dynamic environment and,although protected under various instruments of the Antarctic Treaty System,is threatened by a changing climate and increasing human activities lo...The Ross Sea region is a biologically rich and dynamic environment and,although protected under various instruments of the Antarctic Treaty System,is threatened by a changing climate and increasing human activities locally and globally.This opinion editorial describes the importance of research and monitoring in the Ross Sea and identifies opportunities and barriers to enhance them.展开更多
While the expression of programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1)is associated with response to immune therapy,PD-L1-negative patients may still benefit from immune treatment.Programmed death ligand-2(PD-L2),another crucial im...While the expression of programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1)is associated with response to immune therapy,PD-L1-negative patients may still benefit from immune treatment.Programmed death ligand-2(PD-L2),another crucial immune checkpoint molecule interacting with PD-1,correlates with the efficacy of various tumor immune therapies.This study investigates the expression of PD-L2 in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients following anti-PD-1 therapy and its predictive value for clinical survival outcomes.Additionally,we explore the noninvasive,real-time,and dynamic quantitative analysis potential of PD-L2 positron emission tomography(PET)imaging in transplanted tumors.We utilized[^(68)Ga]Ga-labeled peptide HN11-1 for PD-L2 PET imaging.The results indicate a higher response rate to anti-PD-1 therapy in patients positive for both PD-L1 and PD-L2,with PD-L2 status independently predicting progression-free survival(PFS)with pembrolizumab treatment.Furthermore,[^(68)Ga]Ga-HN11-1 PET imaging demonstrates specificity in assessing PD-L2 status.Overall,we confirm the correlation between high PD-L2 expression and favorable PFS in NSCLC patients post anti-PD-1 therapy and highlight the promising potential of[^(68)Ga]Ga-HN11-1 as a specific tracer for PD-L2 in preclinical and initial human trials.展开更多
Based on the Chinese Meridian Project(CMP),the International Meridian Circle Program(IMCP)aims to coordinate the deployment of a comprehensive ground-based monitoring network along the 120°E-60°W Great Merid...Based on the Chinese Meridian Project(CMP),the International Meridian Circle Program(IMCP)aims to coordinate the deployment of a comprehensive ground-based monitoring network along the 120°E-60°W Great Meridian Circle to track the propagation and evolution of space weather events from the Sun to the Earth,as well as the imprints of other major natural and anthropic hazards on the ionosphere,the middle and upper atmosphere.Currently,we have completed the IMCP headquarters building in Beijing and established the China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather in cooperation with Brazil.Meanwhile,the Chinese Meridian Project PhaseⅡand different components of the IMCP observation system are under construction.展开更多
目的分析2018—2024年辽宁省非免疫规划(non-national immunization program,nNIP)疫苗使用情况,对全省nNIP疫苗接种现状进行评估,为制定公共卫生政策和优化疫苗接种策略提供科学依据。方法通过“中国免疫规划信息管理系统”和“辽宁省...目的分析2018—2024年辽宁省非免疫规划(non-national immunization program,nNIP)疫苗使用情况,对全省nNIP疫苗接种现状进行评估,为制定公共卫生政策和优化疫苗接种策略提供科学依据。方法通过“中国免疫规划信息管理系统”和“辽宁省免疫规划综合信息平台-预防接种信息系统”提取2018—2022年以及2023—2024年nNIP疫苗接种数据,其中包括nNIP疫苗替代记录。利用SPSS 13.0软件进行Pearson相关系数矩阵分析,并采用描述性分析方法对数据进行综合分析。结果2018—2024年辽宁省nNIP疫苗共接种25726024剂次,人均接种剂次为866剂次/万人,nNIP疫苗人均接种剂次、占所有疫苗接种总剂次比例均为逐年递增趋势。使用量居前3位的nNIP疫苗品种为人用狂犬病疫苗(rabies vaccine for human use,Rab)、流感疫苗(influenza vaccine,InfV)、水痘减毒活疫苗(varicella attenuated live vaccine,VarV)。在NIP中,替代率最高的为脊髓灰质炎疫苗(poliomyelitis vaccine,PV)(30.40%),其次为甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗(hepayitis A attenuated live vaccine,HepA-L)(29.08%)、无细胞百白破联合疫苗(diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine,DTaP)(16.37%)。结论nNIP疫苗在公共卫生中的重要性日益凸显,作为预防接种的重要组成部分,需进一步加强监测质量;nNIP疫苗能够弥补NIP疫苗覆盖的不足,还可在一些NIP疫苗供应暂时短缺时发挥重要作用,在优化NIP疫苗的供应及分配的基础上提高nNIP疫苗接种水平,可有效防控疫苗可预防传染病的流行。展开更多
文摘AIM:To identify a possible role of home echocardiography for monitoring chronic heart failure(CHF)patients.METHODS:We prospectively investigated 118 patients hospitalized during the last year for CHF who could not easily reach the pertaining District Healthcare Center.The patients were followed up with 2 home management programs:one including clinical and electrocardiographic evaluations and also periodic home echocardiographic examinations(group A),the other including clinical and electrocardiographic evaluations only(group B).RESULTS:At the end of the 18-mo follow-up no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups as regards the primary endpoint:rehospitalization occurred in 4 patients of the group A and in 6 patients of the group B;major cardiovascular events occurred in 2 and in 3 patients,respectively.No significant differences were observed with respect to the secondary endpoints:one vascular event appeared in both the groups,3 cardiovascular deaths occurred in group A and 2 in group B.No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups as regards the composite endpoint of death plus hospitalization.CONCLUSION:Home echocardiography for monitoring of CHF patients does not improve the cardiovascular endpoints.In our CHF patients,a low incidence of vascular events was observed.
文摘This paper covers the monitoring activities of organochlorine (OCS) pesticide residues in the GEMS/Food program, which China took part in for the first time in 1992. The levels of HCH and DDT were determined in 355 samples of eight main varieties of food , taken from five provinces and cities. The results show that the positive rate of HCH is 69%, of which 99. 44 % is in accord with the National Standards of Food Hygiene of China. As to DDT, the two rates are 42 % and 100 % respectively. The daily intakes of HCH and DDT are 0. 22 mg/ kg.bw and 0. 54 mg/kg. bw respectively, which are far below their corresponding ADIs.Compared with those in 1970s, the OCS residues have decreased significantly. Therefore the monitored varieties of food are safe to people's health
文摘Based on the new algorithm for GIS image pixel topographic factors in remote sensing monitoring ofsoil losses, a software was developed for microcomputer to carry out computation at a medium river basin(county). This paper lays its emphasis on algorithmic skills and programming techniques as well as applicationof the software.
文摘The National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS) is an integrated network of 29 protected and coordinated estuarine reserve sites in 23 states and one territory (Puerto Rico) covering more than 525,000 ha of estuarine habitat, adjoining wetlands, and uplands that encompass 19 biogeographical regions along the Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Pacific coasts, as well as the Caribbean Sea and Great Lakes. NERRS is an ecosystem-based research and monitoring network of sites serving as platforms to develop quantitative databases of value to coastal management programs in identifying and tracking short-term variability and long-term changes in the integrity and biodiversity of estuarine systems nationwide due to natural perturbations and anthropogenic disturbances. The reserve sites also play a vital role in assessing coastal issues of local, regional, and national significance for the purpose of sustaining estuarine systems and coastal lands, such as evaluating their responses to climate change and other major stressors to inform coastal decision-making and public awareness for the protection and resilience of natural resources and coastal communities. Over the past four decades, NERRS sites have collected large volumes of research and monitoring data of great utility in characterizing estuarine environments and addressing an array of resource-management concerns, including degraded water quality, loss and alteration of essential habitat, impacted fisheries, invasive species, and conservation.
基金the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese ScholarsState Education Ministry"Response ofForest Regeneration in Alpine Region to Global Climate Change"( 2 0 0 2 -2 0 0 4) Shaanxi Provincial Foreign Expert Bu-reau"Trial on Vegetation Rehabilitation in Degraded Mountain Ecosystem"( 2 0 0 2 -2 0 0 3 )
文摘The Law of Soil and Water Conservation entitles the administrations of water resources at various level to monitor ecological environment and to proclaim status of soil erosion periodically.Monitoring units of soil and water conservation approved by local governments are obliged to undertake this work.How to develop a monitoring program needs an overall and long-term concept.Particularity and objectives of ecological environment monitoring was discussed. Monitoring at provincial level may be divided into two levels:province-wide and at project level. Those indicators meaningful,sensitive to any disturbances,and simple to measure may be selected to test status of ecosystem stability and health.It makes sense to have an integrated sampling design,to set up permanent observation plots and to collect data, so that to have a relative timely,accurate understanding of ecosystems in the province.A program regarding sampling design,field methods, data analysis,documentation and implementation was detailed.
文摘Assessment of the current status of Lake Baikal proved to be based on changes in natural (“preindustrial”) chemical content in basic abiotic and biological compartments of the Lake geosystem. This approach was used to evaluate background “base-line levels” of 6 major and about 50 minor and trace ele-ments in the Lake Baikal water body using a number of most reliable data re-ported within 1992-2012. In terms of environment geochemistry Baikal is one of the purest water reservoirs on the Earth. A simple mass balance model was proposed for assessing possible anthropogenic impact on Baikal water geo-chemistry. Estimations of change trends showed that only for Na+, SO42-, Cl- and Mo growth rate of their average concentrations in the Lake occurred to be 1%, 3%, 7% and 2% in every 10 years. Space-time monitoring schedules for all water body compartments of the Lake are proposed as well as similar moni-toring programs for tributaries, precipitations, bottom sediments, aquatic biota.
基金funded by the project of the China Geological Survey(DD20211364)the Science and Technology Talent Program of Ministry of Natural Resources of China(grant number 121106000000180039–2201)。
文摘This study makes a significant progress in addressing the challenges of short-term slope displacement prediction in the Universal Landslide Monitoring Program,an unprecedented disaster mitigation program in China,where lots of newly established monitoring slopes lack sufficient historical deformation data,making it difficult to extract deformation patterns and provide effective predictions which plays a crucial role in the early warning and forecasting of landslide hazards.A slope displacement prediction method based on transfer learning is therefore proposed.Initially,the method transfers the deformation patterns learned from slopes with relatively rich deformation data by a pre-trained model based on a multi-slope integrated dataset to newly established monitoring slopes with limited or even no useful data,thus enabling rapid and efficient predictions for these slopes.Subsequently,as time goes on and monitoring data accumulates,fine-tuning of the pre-trained model for individual slopes can further improve prediction accuracy,enabling continuous optimization of prediction results.A case study indicates that,after being trained on a multi-slope integrated dataset,the TCN-Transformer model can efficiently serve as a pretrained model for displacement prediction at newly established monitoring slopes.The three-day average RMSE is significantly reduced by 34.6%compared to models trained only on individual slope data,and it also successfully predicts the majority of deformation peaks.The fine-tuned model based on accumulated data on the target newly established monitoring slope further reduced the three-day RMSE by 37.2%,demonstrating a considerable predictive accuracy.In conclusion,taking advantage of transfer learning,the proposed slope displacement prediction method effectively utilizes the available data,which enables the rapid deployment and continual refinement of displacement predictions on newly established monitoring slopes.
文摘This study proposes the use of the MERISE conceptual data model to create indicators for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training in the Republic of Congo. The importance of MERISE for structuring and analyzing data is underlined, as it enables the measurement of the adequacy between training and the needs of the labor market. The innovation of the study lies in the adaptation of the MERISE model to the local context, the development of innovative indicators, and the integration of a participatory approach including all relevant stakeholders. Contextual adaptation and local innovation: The study suggests adapting MERISE to the specific context of the Republic of Congo, considering the local particularities of the labor market. Development of innovative indicators and new measurement tools: It proposes creating indicators to assess skills matching and employer satisfaction, which are crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of vocational training. Participatory approach and inclusion of stakeholders: The study emphasizes actively involving training centers, employers, and recruitment agencies in the evaluation process. This participatory approach ensures that the perspectives of all stakeholders are considered, leading to more relevant and practical outcomes. Using the MERISE model allows for: • Rigorous data structuring, organization, and standardization: Clearly defining entities and relationships facilitates data organization and standardization, crucial for effective data analysis. • Facilitation of monitoring, analysis, and relevant indicators: Developing both quantitative and qualitative indicators helps measure the effectiveness of training in relation to the labor market, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation. • Improved communication and common language: By providing a common language for different stakeholders, MERISE enhances communication and collaboration, ensuring that all parties have a shared understanding. The study’s approach and contribution to existing research lie in: • Structured theoretical and practical framework and holistic approach: The study offers a structured framework for data collection and analysis, covering both quantitative and qualitative aspects, thus providing a comprehensive view of the training system. • Reproducible methodology and international comparison: The proposed methodology can be replicated in other contexts, facilitating international comparison and the adoption of best practices. • Extension of knowledge and new perspective: By integrating a participatory approach and developing indicators adapted to local needs, the study extends existing research and offers new perspectives on vocational training evaluation.
基金funded by the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition (www.asoc.org)
文摘The Ross Sea region is a biologically rich and dynamic environment and,although protected under various instruments of the Antarctic Treaty System,is threatened by a changing climate and increasing human activities locally and globally.This opinion editorial describes the importance of research and monitoring in the Ross Sea and identifies opportunities and barriers to enhance them.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant numbers 91859207 and 81771873)the Science and Technology Innovation Team Talent Project of Hunan Province(Grant number 2021RC4056)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant number 2023JJ30976)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number 82372003)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant number GZC20233586).
文摘While the expression of programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1)is associated with response to immune therapy,PD-L1-negative patients may still benefit from immune treatment.Programmed death ligand-2(PD-L2),another crucial immune checkpoint molecule interacting with PD-1,correlates with the efficacy of various tumor immune therapies.This study investigates the expression of PD-L2 in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients following anti-PD-1 therapy and its predictive value for clinical survival outcomes.Additionally,we explore the noninvasive,real-time,and dynamic quantitative analysis potential of PD-L2 positron emission tomography(PET)imaging in transplanted tumors.We utilized[^(68)Ga]Ga-labeled peptide HN11-1 for PD-L2 PET imaging.The results indicate a higher response rate to anti-PD-1 therapy in patients positive for both PD-L1 and PD-L2,with PD-L2 status independently predicting progression-free survival(PFS)with pembrolizumab treatment.Furthermore,[^(68)Ga]Ga-HN11-1 PET imaging demonstrates specificity in assessing PD-L2 status.Overall,we confirm the correlation between high PD-L2 expression and favorable PFS in NSCLC patients post anti-PD-1 therapy and highlight the promising potential of[^(68)Ga]Ga-HN11-1 as a specific tracer for PD-L2 in preclinical and initial human trials.
基金Supported by the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(183311KYSB20200003)。
文摘Based on the Chinese Meridian Project(CMP),the International Meridian Circle Program(IMCP)aims to coordinate the deployment of a comprehensive ground-based monitoring network along the 120°E-60°W Great Meridian Circle to track the propagation and evolution of space weather events from the Sun to the Earth,as well as the imprints of other major natural and anthropic hazards on the ionosphere,the middle and upper atmosphere.Currently,we have completed the IMCP headquarters building in Beijing and established the China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather in cooperation with Brazil.Meanwhile,the Chinese Meridian Project PhaseⅡand different components of the IMCP observation system are under construction.
文摘目的分析2018—2024年辽宁省非免疫规划(non-national immunization program,nNIP)疫苗使用情况,对全省nNIP疫苗接种现状进行评估,为制定公共卫生政策和优化疫苗接种策略提供科学依据。方法通过“中国免疫规划信息管理系统”和“辽宁省免疫规划综合信息平台-预防接种信息系统”提取2018—2022年以及2023—2024年nNIP疫苗接种数据,其中包括nNIP疫苗替代记录。利用SPSS 13.0软件进行Pearson相关系数矩阵分析,并采用描述性分析方法对数据进行综合分析。结果2018—2024年辽宁省nNIP疫苗共接种25726024剂次,人均接种剂次为866剂次/万人,nNIP疫苗人均接种剂次、占所有疫苗接种总剂次比例均为逐年递增趋势。使用量居前3位的nNIP疫苗品种为人用狂犬病疫苗(rabies vaccine for human use,Rab)、流感疫苗(influenza vaccine,InfV)、水痘减毒活疫苗(varicella attenuated live vaccine,VarV)。在NIP中,替代率最高的为脊髓灰质炎疫苗(poliomyelitis vaccine,PV)(30.40%),其次为甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗(hepayitis A attenuated live vaccine,HepA-L)(29.08%)、无细胞百白破联合疫苗(diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine,DTaP)(16.37%)。结论nNIP疫苗在公共卫生中的重要性日益凸显,作为预防接种的重要组成部分,需进一步加强监测质量;nNIP疫苗能够弥补NIP疫苗覆盖的不足,还可在一些NIP疫苗供应暂时短缺时发挥重要作用,在优化NIP疫苗的供应及分配的基础上提高nNIP疫苗接种水平,可有效防控疫苗可预防传染病的流行。
