星基全球导航卫星系统反射测量(Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry,GNSS-R)技术已经成为大范围监测地表土壤湿度的一个有效手段.旋风全球导航卫星系统(Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System,CYGNSS)以高时空分...星基全球导航卫星系统反射测量(Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry,GNSS-R)技术已经成为大范围监测地表土壤湿度的一个有效手段.旋风全球导航卫星系统(Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System,CYGNSS)以高时空分辨率的优势广泛应用于土壤湿度反演研究.2024年9月,土壤湿度主被动(soil moisture active passive,SMAP)遥感卫星首次公开了GNSS-R反射率数据.本文首先对多源GNSS-R地表反射率、SMAP卫星土壤湿度产品和第五代全球气候和天气再分析数据集(fifth generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate,ERA5)土壤湿度产品进行时空匹配;其次讨论不同地理纬度、不同土地类型、不同植被光学厚度情况下CYGNSS和SMAP的星基GNSS-R地表反射率在全球范围内的差异性,并提出了基于幂律函数的经验公式模型对它们的差异进行了修正;最后分析了星基GNSS-R地表反射率对土壤湿度的响应.结果表明:CYGNSS在38°S~38°N数据量充足且分布较均匀,有利于开展地表参数反演,而SMAP数据量偏少,但能覆盖中高纬度地区,二者具有互补性;在不同地理纬度、土地类型、植被光学厚度情况下,CYGNSS和SMAP的地表反射率在数值上存在非线性差异,这与二者接收到的信号频率和极化方式不同有很大关系,前者接收的是GPS L1频段的左旋圆极化反射信号,后者接收的是GPS L2C频段的水平和垂直线性极化反射信号,可用幂律函数很好地修正它们之间的差异;CYGNSS和SMAP的地表反射率与土壤湿度整体上存在较好的相关性.研究结果有利于未来开展多源星基GNSS-R反射率联合反演地表环境参数.展开更多
In this paper,we will conclude the results of Bufeng-1(BF-1)A/B data processing,calibration workflow,and validation of the calibrated sea surface winds,land surface soil moisture,and sea surface height measurements.Si...In this paper,we will conclude the results of Bufeng-1(BF-1)A/B data processing,calibration workflow,and validation of the calibrated sea surface winds,land surface soil moisture,and sea surface height measurements.Since 2019,the BF-1 mission has operated in-orbit for over 4 years.The Earth reflected delay Doppler maps(DDMs)are continuously collected to perform global sea surface and land observations.At the same time,the intermediate frequency(IF)raw data are also obtained for 12 seconds every pass in diagnostic mode.To begin with,a brief description of the spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry(GNSS-R)technique will be provided in the introduction.Next,we will present the overview of Chinese BF-1 mission and the data specifications used in our research.In the next section,the BF-1 mission-related spaceborne power calibration and validation are presented to show the support to power DDM observable production for sea surface and land surface applications.Then,the status of Chinese Beidou System(BDS)Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power(EIRP)acquisition programme is then introduced.Furthermore,the latest sea surface height(SSH)measurements results including two modes(group delay and carrier phase)and wind speed derivation based on machine learning(ML)method will be spatial-temporal aligned and validated with auxiliary datasets including Denmark Technology University(DTU)mean sea surface(MSS)products and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)ERA5 reanalysis.The previous published results of sea surface winds retrieval under Hurricane conditions and soil moisture retrieval are also reviewed for the BF-1 mission applications.Finally,the conclusion of BF-1 derived results will be discussed to draw out ongoing/future works.展开更多
文摘星基全球导航卫星系统反射测量(Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry,GNSS-R)技术已经成为大范围监测地表土壤湿度的一个有效手段.旋风全球导航卫星系统(Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System,CYGNSS)以高时空分辨率的优势广泛应用于土壤湿度反演研究.2024年9月,土壤湿度主被动(soil moisture active passive,SMAP)遥感卫星首次公开了GNSS-R反射率数据.本文首先对多源GNSS-R地表反射率、SMAP卫星土壤湿度产品和第五代全球气候和天气再分析数据集(fifth generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate,ERA5)土壤湿度产品进行时空匹配;其次讨论不同地理纬度、不同土地类型、不同植被光学厚度情况下CYGNSS和SMAP的星基GNSS-R地表反射率在全球范围内的差异性,并提出了基于幂律函数的经验公式模型对它们的差异进行了修正;最后分析了星基GNSS-R地表反射率对土壤湿度的响应.结果表明:CYGNSS在38°S~38°N数据量充足且分布较均匀,有利于开展地表参数反演,而SMAP数据量偏少,但能覆盖中高纬度地区,二者具有互补性;在不同地理纬度、土地类型、植被光学厚度情况下,CYGNSS和SMAP的地表反射率在数值上存在非线性差异,这与二者接收到的信号频率和极化方式不同有很大关系,前者接收的是GPS L1频段的左旋圆极化反射信号,后者接收的是GPS L2C频段的水平和垂直线性极化反射信号,可用幂律函数很好地修正它们之间的差异;CYGNSS和SMAP的地表反射率与土壤湿度整体上存在较好的相关性.研究结果有利于未来开展多源星基GNSS-R反射率联合反演地表环境参数.
基金supported by the ESA&NRSCC Dragon 5 Cooperation[Grant No.58070]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.42101409]+2 种基金China Spacesat[Grant No.SK2020014]funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 with contributions by“European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR”[Grant No.RYC2019-027000-I]is also supported by Spanish National Research Council[Grant No.20215AT007].
文摘In this paper,we will conclude the results of Bufeng-1(BF-1)A/B data processing,calibration workflow,and validation of the calibrated sea surface winds,land surface soil moisture,and sea surface height measurements.Since 2019,the BF-1 mission has operated in-orbit for over 4 years.The Earth reflected delay Doppler maps(DDMs)are continuously collected to perform global sea surface and land observations.At the same time,the intermediate frequency(IF)raw data are also obtained for 12 seconds every pass in diagnostic mode.To begin with,a brief description of the spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry(GNSS-R)technique will be provided in the introduction.Next,we will present the overview of Chinese BF-1 mission and the data specifications used in our research.In the next section,the BF-1 mission-related spaceborne power calibration and validation are presented to show the support to power DDM observable production for sea surface and land surface applications.Then,the status of Chinese Beidou System(BDS)Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power(EIRP)acquisition programme is then introduced.Furthermore,the latest sea surface height(SSH)measurements results including two modes(group delay and carrier phase)and wind speed derivation based on machine learning(ML)method will be spatial-temporal aligned and validated with auxiliary datasets including Denmark Technology University(DTU)mean sea surface(MSS)products and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)ERA5 reanalysis.The previous published results of sea surface winds retrieval under Hurricane conditions and soil moisture retrieval are also reviewed for the BF-1 mission applications.Finally,the conclusion of BF-1 derived results will be discussed to draw out ongoing/future works.
