Electrochemical water splitting has long been considered an effective energy conversion technology for trans-ferring intermittent renewable electricity into hydrogen fuel,and the exploration of cost-effective and high...Electrochemical water splitting has long been considered an effective energy conversion technology for trans-ferring intermittent renewable electricity into hydrogen fuel,and the exploration of cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts is crucial in making electrolyzed water technology commercially viable.Cobalt phosphide(Co-P)has emerged as a catalyst of high potential owing to its high catalytic activity and durability in water splitting.This paper systematically reviews the latest advances in the development of Co-P-based materials for use in water splitting.The essential effects of P in enhancing the catalytic performance of the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction are first outlined.Then,versatile synthesis techniques for Co-P electrocatalysts are summarized,followed by advanced strategies to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of Co-P materials,including heteroatom doping,composite construction,integration with well-conductive sub-strates,and structure control from the viewpoint of experiment.Along with these optimization strategies,the understanding of the inherent mechanism of enhanced catalytic performance is also discussed.Finally,some existing challenges in the development of highly active and stable Co-P-based materials are clarified,and pro-spective directions for prompting the wide commercialization of water electrolysis technology are proposed.展开更多
Converting sunlight directly to fuels and chemicals is a great latent capacity for storing renewable energy.Due to the advantages of large surface area,short diffusion paths for electrons,and more exposed active sites...Converting sunlight directly to fuels and chemicals is a great latent capacity for storing renewable energy.Due to the advantages of large surface area,short diffusion paths for electrons,and more exposed active sites,few‐layer carbon nitride(FLCN)materials present great potential for production of solar fuels and chemicals and set off a new wave of research in the last few years.Herein,the recent progress in synthesis and regulation of FLCN‐based photocatalysts,and their applications in the conversion of sunlight into fuels and chemicals,is summarized.More importantly,the regulation strategies from chemical modification to microstructure control toward the production of solar fuels and chemicals has been deeply analyzed,aiming to inspire critical thinking about the effective approaches for photocatalyst modification rather than developing new materials.At the end,the key scientific challenges and some future trend of FLCN‐based materials as advanced photocatalysts are also discussed.展开更多
In this work,phase and morphology-tuned MoO_(3) nanostructures are synthesized through a novel modified co-precipitation method,and their electrochemical properties are investigated.For the first time,such a simple su...In this work,phase and morphology-tuned MoO_(3) nanostructures are synthesized through a novel modified co-precipitation method,and their electrochemical properties are investigated.For the first time,such a simple surfactant-assisted synthesis process aided by minor temperature variations is reported which results in phase transition of the nanoparticles from h-MoO_(3) nano-rods to a-MoO_(3) nano-flakes.The nanostructures thus developed are highly porous and crystalline with significantly large specific surface area as compared to previous literature.The theoretical bandgap energy of the optimized sample calculated using Perdew-Zunger local density approximation(LDA) is in good agreement with the experimental findings.An overall structural,morphological,and surface-behavioural analysis predicts the electrochemical superiority in 2D a-MoO_(3).The cyclic voltammetry and galvano-potentiometry measurements of 2D a-MoO_(3) in the potential window of-0.6 V to +0.2 V present the highest pseudosupercapacitive response with a maximum specific capacitance of 829 F g^(-1)at 2 A g^(-1)as compared to h-MoO_(3) (452 F g^(-1)) and h@a-MoO_(3) (783 F g^(-1)).Thus,the MoO_(3) 2D nanostructures synthesized through our novel synthesis technique display excellent specific capacitance as compared to previous reported data.Additionally,a-MoO_(3) exhibits a galvanostatic charging-discharging cyclic stability of about 91%after 2000 cycles,indicating that it can serve as an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors.A solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor device is successfully constructed using a-MoO_(3) which can light up 4 red LEDs for 10 s.The specific energy density of the device reaches a maximum value of 36.3 W h kg^(-1)at the power density of 50 W kg^(-1).展开更多
Hydrogen production via water electrolysis defines the novel energy vector for achieving a sustainable society.However,the true progress of the given technology is hindered by the sluggish and complex hydrogen evoluti...Hydrogen production via water electrolysis defines the novel energy vector for achieving a sustainable society.However,the true progress of the given technology is hindered by the sluggish and complex hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)occurring at the cathodic side of the system where overpriced and scarce Pt-based electrocatalysts are usually employed.Therefore,efficient platinum group metals(PGMs)-free electrocatalysts to carry out HER with accelerated kinetics are urgently demanded.In this scenario,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))owing to efficacious structural attributes and optimum hydrogen-binding free energy(ΔG_(H*))is emerging as a reliable alternative to PGMs.However,the performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts is still far away from the benchmark performance.The HER activity of MoS_(2)can be improved by engineering the structural parameters i.e.,doping,defects inducement,modulating the electronic structure,stabilizing the 1 T phase,creating nanocomposites,and altering the morphologies using appropriate fabrication pathways.Here,we have comprehensively reviewed the majority of the scientific endeavors published in recent years to uplift the HER activity of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts using different methods.Advancements in the major fabrication strategies including hydrothermal synthesis methods,chemical vapor deposition,exfoliation techniques,plasma treatments,chemical methodologies,etc.to tune the structural parameters and hence their ultimate influence on the electrocatalytic activity in acidic and/or alkaline media have been thoroughly discussed.This study can provide encyclopedic insights about the fabrication routes that have been pursued to improve the HER performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts.展开更多
Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)have emerged as highly promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their simple synthesis,low cost,structural tunability,and high theoretical capacity.However,despite ...Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)have emerged as highly promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their simple synthesis,low cost,structural tunability,and high theoretical capacity.However,despite their significant potential,practical applications of PBAs still face multiple performance limitations.This review provides a comprehensive examination of PBAs structures and their electrochemical reaction mechanisms,and systematically summarizes current synthesis methods and modification strategies,while offering forward-looking insights.Furthermore,from the perspective of industrialization,this review systematically analyzes the synthesis,modification,and core challenges of PBAs by comparatively evaluating the feasibility of different technological pathways based on multiple dimensions,including cost-effectiveness,process scalability,environmental impact,and supply chain security,with the aim of providing forward-looking guidance for bridging the critical gap from lab to market.展开更多
The successful approval of peptide-based drugs can be attributed to a collaborative effort across multiple disciplines.The integration of novel drug design and synthesis techniques,display library technology,delivery ...The successful approval of peptide-based drugs can be attributed to a collaborative effort across multiple disciplines.The integration of novel drug design and synthesis techniques,display library technology,delivery systems,bioengineering advancements,and artificial intelligence have significantly expedited the development of groundbreaking peptide-based drugs,effectively addressing the obstacles associated with their character,such as the rapid clearance and degradation,necessitating subcutaneous injection leading to increasing patient discomfort,and ultimately advancing translational research efforts.Peptides are presently employed in the management and diagnosis of a diverse array of medical conditions,such as diabetes mellitus,weight loss,oncology,and rare diseases,and are additionally garnering interest in facilitating targeted drug delivery platforms and the advancement of peptide-based vaccines.This paper provides an overview of the present market and clinical trial progress of peptide-based therapeutics,delivery platforms,and vaccines.It examines the key areas of research in peptide-based drug development through a literature analysis and emphasizes the structural modification principles of peptide-based drugs,as well as the recent advancements in screening,design,and delivery technologies.The accelerated advancement in the development of novel peptide-based therapeutics,including peptide-drug complexes,new peptide-based vaccines,and innovative peptide-based diagnostic reagents,has the potential to promote the era of precise customization of disease therapeutic schedule.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Ultraviolet(UV)light,spanning wavelengths from 10 to 400 nm,is ubiquitous in military,livelihood,and scientific domains.Accurate UV photodetection is therefore essential for monitoring environmental radiati...CONSPECTUS:Ultraviolet(UV)light,spanning wavelengths from 10 to 400 nm,is ubiquitous in military,livelihood,and scientific domains.Accurate UV photodetection is therefore essential for monitoring environmental radiation,safeguarding human health,and advancing technological applications in fields such as aerospace,medical science,and ecology.The fabrication of high-performance UV photodetection devices fundamentally depends on the development of high-sensitivity UV photosensitive materials.The evolution of UV photodetection materials has progressed from early wide-bandgap semiconductors like ZnS and ZnSe to third-generation semiconductors such as GaN and Ga_(2)O_(3),and most recently to two-dimensional(2D)wide-bandgap materials that combine exceptional optoelectronic properties with compelling physicochemical properties.Among these,2D perovskite oxides stand out due to their prominent advantages for UV detection.First,this large family of materials generally features wide bandgaps,strong UV absorption,and high spectral selectivity.Second,the tunable bandgaps of 2D perovskite oxides enable precise detection at specific wavelengths.Third,their excellent processability and flexibility facilitate feasible integration into devices,making them promising candidates for flexible photodetectors.Furthermore,2D perovskite oxides boast other properties such as high stability,dielectricity,ferroelectricity,and biocompatibility.These characteristics have promoted the blossoming of 2D perovskite oxides for highperformance UV photodetection and are poised to expand their applications in novel functional optoelectronics.In this Account,we systematically review the development of 2D perovskite oxides,with a focus on their application in the fabrication of high-performance UV photodetectors.First,we describe the top-down synthesis of these materials,highlighting key advances in synthesis techniques.Second,we specifically analyze the intrinsic advantages of 2D perovskite oxides which render them highly suitable for UV detection.Third,we discuss recent progress in the fabrication of UV photodetectors based on 2D perovskite oxides,emphasizing effective strategies for achieving high-performance devices.Next,we explore state-of-the-art optoelectronic applications leveraging these materials.Finally,we present our perspectives on the future development of this promising class of UVsensitive materials.Given their remarkable material diversity,we believe that this Account will provide valuable insights to guide future research and the application of 2D perovskite oxides in high-performance UV photodetectors and functional optoelectronics.展开更多
The emergence and development of sequencing and DNA synthesis techniques have empowered us with the ability to read and write genomes,thereby enhancing our understanding and manipulation of biological processes.Over t...The emergence and development of sequencing and DNA synthesis techniques have empowered us with the ability to read and write genomes,thereby enhancing our understanding and manipulation of biological processes.Over the past two decades,numerous genomes ranging from kilobase-sized viruses to megabase-sized bacteria and yeast chromosomes have been artificially synthesized[1].Notably,the Synthetic Yeast Genome Project(Sc2.0)has successfully constructed all the chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae,with a strain containing 7.5 synthetic chromosomes also being generated[2–11].It is anticipated that collaborative efforts among scientists worldwide will soon lead to the creation of the first eukaryotic cell harboring a fully synthesized genome.Furthermore,synthetic genomes for higher eukaryotes are also emerging,as exemplified by the ongoing initial phase of the Synthetic Moss Genome Project(Syn-Moss)[12].展开更多
This research paper reports the fabrication and evaluation of titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))-and zinc oxide(ZnO)-based dye-sensitized solar cells with anthocyanin dye extracted from pomegranate.TiO_(2) and ZnO were synthes...This research paper reports the fabrication and evaluation of titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))-and zinc oxide(ZnO)-based dye-sensitized solar cells with anthocyanin dye extracted from pomegranate.TiO_(2) and ZnO were synthesized using the hydrothermal synthesis and chemical bath deposition techniques,respectively.The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that TiO_(2) had nanopillars made up of nano rods with dimensions of 111.866,90.521,and 81.908 nm,while ZnO had hexagonal patterned nanorods with lengths of 283.294 nm and diameters of 91.782 nm.The absorption spectra of the pomegranate dye were analysed and the strongest absorp-tion peak was found to be at 520 nm,which corresponds to the existing anthocyanin pigment.The band gap of pomegranate dye was noted down to be 2.45 eV.The performance of the dye-sensitized solar cells was evaluated using one sun illumination(100 mW/cm^(2))where the dye-sensitized solar cell with TiO_(2) nanopillars achieved an improved efficiency of 0.46%whereas the dye-sensitized solar cell with ZnO nanorods showed a considerably reduced efficiency of 0.42%.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21962008)Yunnan Province Excellent Youth Fund Project(202001AW070005)+1 种基金Candidate Talents Training Fund of Yunnan Province(2017PY269SQ,2018HB007)Yunnan Ten Thousand Talents Plan Young&Elite Talents Project(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-346).
文摘Electrochemical water splitting has long been considered an effective energy conversion technology for trans-ferring intermittent renewable electricity into hydrogen fuel,and the exploration of cost-effective and high-performance electrocatalysts is crucial in making electrolyzed water technology commercially viable.Cobalt phosphide(Co-P)has emerged as a catalyst of high potential owing to its high catalytic activity and durability in water splitting.This paper systematically reviews the latest advances in the development of Co-P-based materials for use in water splitting.The essential effects of P in enhancing the catalytic performance of the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction are first outlined.Then,versatile synthesis techniques for Co-P electrocatalysts are summarized,followed by advanced strategies to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of Co-P materials,including heteroatom doping,composite construction,integration with well-conductive sub-strates,and structure control from the viewpoint of experiment.Along with these optimization strategies,the understanding of the inherent mechanism of enhanced catalytic performance is also discussed.Finally,some existing challenges in the development of highly active and stable Co-P-based materials are clarified,and pro-spective directions for prompting the wide commercialization of water electrolysis technology are proposed.
文摘Converting sunlight directly to fuels and chemicals is a great latent capacity for storing renewable energy.Due to the advantages of large surface area,short diffusion paths for electrons,and more exposed active sites,few‐layer carbon nitride(FLCN)materials present great potential for production of solar fuels and chemicals and set off a new wave of research in the last few years.Herein,the recent progress in synthesis and regulation of FLCN‐based photocatalysts,and their applications in the conversion of sunlight into fuels and chemicals,is summarized.More importantly,the regulation strategies from chemical modification to microstructure control toward the production of solar fuels and chemicals has been deeply analyzed,aiming to inspire critical thinking about the effective approaches for photocatalyst modification rather than developing new materials.At the end,the key scientific challenges and some future trend of FLCN‐based materials as advanced photocatalysts are also discussed.
文摘In this work,phase and morphology-tuned MoO_(3) nanostructures are synthesized through a novel modified co-precipitation method,and their electrochemical properties are investigated.For the first time,such a simple surfactant-assisted synthesis process aided by minor temperature variations is reported which results in phase transition of the nanoparticles from h-MoO_(3) nano-rods to a-MoO_(3) nano-flakes.The nanostructures thus developed are highly porous and crystalline with significantly large specific surface area as compared to previous literature.The theoretical bandgap energy of the optimized sample calculated using Perdew-Zunger local density approximation(LDA) is in good agreement with the experimental findings.An overall structural,morphological,and surface-behavioural analysis predicts the electrochemical superiority in 2D a-MoO_(3).The cyclic voltammetry and galvano-potentiometry measurements of 2D a-MoO_(3) in the potential window of-0.6 V to +0.2 V present the highest pseudosupercapacitive response with a maximum specific capacitance of 829 F g^(-1)at 2 A g^(-1)as compared to h-MoO_(3) (452 F g^(-1)) and h@a-MoO_(3) (783 F g^(-1)).Thus,the MoO_(3) 2D nanostructures synthesized through our novel synthesis technique display excellent specific capacitance as compared to previous reported data.Additionally,a-MoO_(3) exhibits a galvanostatic charging-discharging cyclic stability of about 91%after 2000 cycles,indicating that it can serve as an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors.A solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor device is successfully constructed using a-MoO_(3) which can light up 4 red LEDs for 10 s.The specific energy density of the device reaches a maximum value of 36.3 W h kg^(-1)at the power density of 50 W kg^(-1).
基金the Italian Ministry of University and Research(MUR)through the“Rita Levi Montalcini 2018”Fellowship(Grant number PGR18MAZLI)ENEA–UNIMIB PNRR agreement(Attività1.1.3 del PNRR POR H2)+1 种基金the Ministry of Science and Technology(State of Israel)and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation–Directorate General for Cultural and Economic Promotion and Innovation(Italian Republic),respectively,within the bilateral project Italy-Israel(WE-CAT)the Italian ministry MUR for funding through the FISR 2019 project AMPERE(FISR2019_01294)。
文摘Hydrogen production via water electrolysis defines the novel energy vector for achieving a sustainable society.However,the true progress of the given technology is hindered by the sluggish and complex hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)occurring at the cathodic side of the system where overpriced and scarce Pt-based electrocatalysts are usually employed.Therefore,efficient platinum group metals(PGMs)-free electrocatalysts to carry out HER with accelerated kinetics are urgently demanded.In this scenario,molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))owing to efficacious structural attributes and optimum hydrogen-binding free energy(ΔG_(H*))is emerging as a reliable alternative to PGMs.However,the performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts is still far away from the benchmark performance.The HER activity of MoS_(2)can be improved by engineering the structural parameters i.e.,doping,defects inducement,modulating the electronic structure,stabilizing the 1 T phase,creating nanocomposites,and altering the morphologies using appropriate fabrication pathways.Here,we have comprehensively reviewed the majority of the scientific endeavors published in recent years to uplift the HER activity of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts using different methods.Advancements in the major fabrication strategies including hydrothermal synthesis methods,chemical vapor deposition,exfoliation techniques,plasma treatments,chemical methodologies,etc.to tune the structural parameters and hence their ultimate influence on the electrocatalytic activity in acidic and/or alkaline media have been thoroughly discussed.This study can provide encyclopedic insights about the fabrication routes that have been pursued to improve the HER performance of MoS_(2)-based electrocatalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.52301257,62475003)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2252031)。
文摘Prussian blue analogues(PBAs)have emerged as highly promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their simple synthesis,low cost,structural tunability,and high theoretical capacity.However,despite their significant potential,practical applications of PBAs still face multiple performance limitations.This review provides a comprehensive examination of PBAs structures and their electrochemical reaction mechanisms,and systematically summarizes current synthesis methods and modification strategies,while offering forward-looking insights.Furthermore,from the perspective of industrialization,this review systematically analyzes the synthesis,modification,and core challenges of PBAs by comparatively evaluating the feasibility of different technological pathways based on multiple dimensions,including cost-effectiveness,process scalability,environmental impact,and supply chain security,with the aim of providing forward-looking guidance for bridging the critical gap from lab to market.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82073311)Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province Individualized Drug Therapy Small Molecule Innovative Drugs Sichuan Youth Science and Technology Innovation Research Team(No.2022JDTD0025)Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Administration(No.2023MS026).
文摘The successful approval of peptide-based drugs can be attributed to a collaborative effort across multiple disciplines.The integration of novel drug design and synthesis techniques,display library technology,delivery systems,bioengineering advancements,and artificial intelligence have significantly expedited the development of groundbreaking peptide-based drugs,effectively addressing the obstacles associated with their character,such as the rapid clearance and degradation,necessitating subcutaneous injection leading to increasing patient discomfort,and ultimately advancing translational research efforts.Peptides are presently employed in the management and diagnosis of a diverse array of medical conditions,such as diabetes mellitus,weight loss,oncology,and rare diseases,and are additionally garnering interest in facilitating targeted drug delivery platforms and the advancement of peptide-based vaccines.This paper provides an overview of the present market and clinical trial progress of peptide-based therapeutics,delivery platforms,and vaccines.It examines the key areas of research in peptide-based drug development through a literature analysis and emphasizes the structural modification principles of peptide-based drugs,as well as the recent advancements in screening,design,and delivery technologies.The accelerated advancement in the development of novel peptide-based therapeutics,including peptide-drug complexes,new peptide-based vaccines,and innovative peptide-based diagnostic reagents,has the potential to promote the era of precise customization of disease therapeutic schedule.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52425308,62374035 and 92263106).
文摘CONSPECTUS:Ultraviolet(UV)light,spanning wavelengths from 10 to 400 nm,is ubiquitous in military,livelihood,and scientific domains.Accurate UV photodetection is therefore essential for monitoring environmental radiation,safeguarding human health,and advancing technological applications in fields such as aerospace,medical science,and ecology.The fabrication of high-performance UV photodetection devices fundamentally depends on the development of high-sensitivity UV photosensitive materials.The evolution of UV photodetection materials has progressed from early wide-bandgap semiconductors like ZnS and ZnSe to third-generation semiconductors such as GaN and Ga_(2)O_(3),and most recently to two-dimensional(2D)wide-bandgap materials that combine exceptional optoelectronic properties with compelling physicochemical properties.Among these,2D perovskite oxides stand out due to their prominent advantages for UV detection.First,this large family of materials generally features wide bandgaps,strong UV absorption,and high spectral selectivity.Second,the tunable bandgaps of 2D perovskite oxides enable precise detection at specific wavelengths.Third,their excellent processability and flexibility facilitate feasible integration into devices,making them promising candidates for flexible photodetectors.Furthermore,2D perovskite oxides boast other properties such as high stability,dielectricity,ferroelectricity,and biocompatibility.These characteristics have promoted the blossoming of 2D perovskite oxides for highperformance UV photodetection and are poised to expand their applications in novel functional optoelectronics.In this Account,we systematically review the development of 2D perovskite oxides,with a focus on their application in the fabrication of high-performance UV photodetectors.First,we describe the top-down synthesis of these materials,highlighting key advances in synthesis techniques.Second,we specifically analyze the intrinsic advantages of 2D perovskite oxides which render them highly suitable for UV detection.Third,we discuss recent progress in the fabrication of UV photodetectors based on 2D perovskite oxides,emphasizing effective strategies for achieving high-performance devices.Next,we explore state-of-the-art optoelectronic applications leveraging these materials.Finally,we present our perspectives on the future development of this promising class of UVsensitive materials.Given their remarkable material diversity,we believe that this Account will provide valuable insights to guide future research and the application of 2D perovskite oxides in high-performance UV photodetectors and functional optoelectronics.
基金Elite Young Scientists Program of CAASNational Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:32150025,31725002+7 种基金Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics,Grant/Award Number:2023B1212060054Shenzhen Outstanding Talents Training FundScience and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2022A0505090009Bureau of International Cooperation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant/Award Number:172644KYSB20180022Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen Science and Technology Program,Grant/Award Number:KQTD20180413181837372National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFF1201800Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Genomics,Grant/Award Number:ZDSYS201802061806209。
文摘The emergence and development of sequencing and DNA synthesis techniques have empowered us with the ability to read and write genomes,thereby enhancing our understanding and manipulation of biological processes.Over the past two decades,numerous genomes ranging from kilobase-sized viruses to megabase-sized bacteria and yeast chromosomes have been artificially synthesized[1].Notably,the Synthetic Yeast Genome Project(Sc2.0)has successfully constructed all the chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae,with a strain containing 7.5 synthetic chromosomes also being generated[2–11].It is anticipated that collaborative efforts among scientists worldwide will soon lead to the creation of the first eukaryotic cell harboring a fully synthesized genome.Furthermore,synthetic genomes for higher eukaryotes are also emerging,as exemplified by the ongoing initial phase of the Synthetic Moss Genome Project(Syn-Moss)[12].
文摘This research paper reports the fabrication and evaluation of titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))-and zinc oxide(ZnO)-based dye-sensitized solar cells with anthocyanin dye extracted from pomegranate.TiO_(2) and ZnO were synthesized using the hydrothermal synthesis and chemical bath deposition techniques,respectively.The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that TiO_(2) had nanopillars made up of nano rods with dimensions of 111.866,90.521,and 81.908 nm,while ZnO had hexagonal patterned nanorods with lengths of 283.294 nm and diameters of 91.782 nm.The absorption spectra of the pomegranate dye were analysed and the strongest absorp-tion peak was found to be at 520 nm,which corresponds to the existing anthocyanin pigment.The band gap of pomegranate dye was noted down to be 2.45 eV.The performance of the dye-sensitized solar cells was evaluated using one sun illumination(100 mW/cm^(2))where the dye-sensitized solar cell with TiO_(2) nanopillars achieved an improved efficiency of 0.46%whereas the dye-sensitized solar cell with ZnO nanorods showed a considerably reduced efficiency of 0.42%.
