[Objectives]The paper was to explore the effects of low temperature stress on germination and physiological characteristics of different sweet maize varieties.[Methods]Taking Taitian 264,Zhexuetian 1 and Chaotian 4 as...[Objectives]The paper was to explore the effects of low temperature stress on germination and physiological characteristics of different sweet maize varieties.[Methods]Taking Taitian 264,Zhexuetian 1 and Chaotian 4 as the research objects,the changes in germination potential,germination index,plant height,biomass,and antioxidant enzyme activity of maize seeds were studied under optimal temperature conditions(25℃)and low temperature stress conditions(10℃).[Results]Under 10℃stress,the germination rate and germination index of Taitian 264 were higher than that of Zhexuetian 1 and Chaotian 4.Under low temperature stress,Taitian 264 exhibited the least reduction in height and biomass,while Zhexuetian 1 had the most reduction.Additionally,the SOD and POD activities of Taitian 264 were higher than that of Zhexuetian 1 and Chaotian 4 under both temperature conditions,while the MDA content of Taitian 264 was lower.Taitian 264 showed strong germination ability against low temperature stress.[Conclusions]This study provides a basis for timely sowing practices of sweet maize in agricultural production.展开更多
Ginger is an important cash crop in Shandong Province and it usually takes the sole cropping in the production.In order to explore new ginger cultivation patterns and improve planting benefits,sweet maize(Jingengtian ...Ginger is an important cash crop in Shandong Province and it usually takes the sole cropping in the production.In order to explore new ginger cultivation patterns and improve planting benefits,sweet maize(Jingengtian 1)was intercropped with ginger(Laiwu ginger).The plug seedling was performed for sweet maize on April 18.Ginger was planted with plastic film mulching on April 20,and double-row sweet maize seedlings were transplanted on the ridges of interlaced ginger fields on May 2.The sweet maize was harvested from July 18 to 25,and the tillering rate of sweet maize reached 100%.The number of tillers in intercropping was more than that of sole cropping,and the highest average tiller reached 5.32 per plant;when sweet maize was intercropped,the number of ears decreased by 17.35%and the ear weight decreased by 8.07%.Ginger was harvested on October 20,the number of branches of intercropping ginger decreased by 5.12%to 6.47%,and the rhizomes weight per plant decreased by 5.64%to 16.43%.The economic benefit of ginger intercropping sweet maize was higher than that of sole ginger cropping.The intercropping model increased the efficiency by 6.28%and 2.87%respectively in the two bases,and increased the net income by 12000 and 5000 yuan/ha,respectively.展开更多
Maize(Zea mays L.)is recognized as one of the most significant cereal crops worldwide,serving as a primary source of human food,animal feed,and industrial raw materials.With increasing diversification of market demand...Maize(Zea mays L.)is recognized as one of the most significant cereal crops worldwide,serving as a primary source of human food,animal feed,and industrial raw materials.With increasing diversification of market demands for specialty maize varieties,distinctive fresh produce cultivars characterized by unique textures have gained considerable popularity among consumers(Boyer and Shannon 1984).Notably,sweet maize is often referred to as the‘King of fruits and vegetables'due to its richness in polysaccharides,dietary fiber,trace elements,vitamins,linoleic acid,and other essential nutrients(Revilla et al.2021).展开更多
A comparative study was conducted to elucidate differences in the functional properties of arabinoxylans(AXs)derived from different sweet maize fibers(AX2,AX6,and AX39).AX39 had the highest A/X value of 0.68 and the l...A comparative study was conducted to elucidate differences in the functional properties of arabinoxylans(AXs)derived from different sweet maize fibers(AX2,AX6,and AX39).AX39 had the highest A/X value of 0.68 and the largest Mw,while AX6 contained more disubstituted xylose.The difference in Mw led to the changes in viscosity of AXs.When the concentration was 9%,the difference in viscosity of AXs was obvious:AX39>AX6>AX2,and AX39 showed distinct shear thinning property.Moreover,ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid were the dominant phenolic acids in AXs.The content of ferulic acid was proportional to antioxidant activity,and AX2 with the highest content of ferulic acid(96.13μg/g)had the highest antioxidant activity.The contents of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)produced during the in vitro fermentation of AXs were influenced by their structural properties.The total SCFAs of AX39 and AX2 were higher than that in AX6 due to their higher A/X and ferulic acid content.These results indicate that AX from different sources has different structural and functional characteristics,appropriate AXs can be selected according to actual needs to enhance the texture or nutritional value of the food.展开更多
Edible maize is an important food crop that provides energy and nutrients to meet human health and nutritional requirements.However,how environmental pressures and human activity have shaped the metabolome of edible m...Edible maize is an important food crop that provides energy and nutrients to meet human health and nutritional requirements.However,how environmental pressures and human activity have shaped the metabolome of edible maize remains unclear.In this study,we collected 452 diverse edible maize accessions worldwide,including waxy,sweet,and field maize.A total of 3020 non-redundant metabolites,including 802 annotated metabolites,were identified using a two-step optimized approach,which generated the most comprehensive annotated metabolite dataset in plants to date.Although specific metabolite differentiation was detected between field and sweet maize and between field and waxy maize,convergent metabolite differentiation was the dominant pattern.We identified hub genes in all metabolite classes by hotspot analysis in a metabolite genome-wide association study.Seventeen and 15 hub genes were selected as the key differentiation genes for flavonoids and lipids,respectively.Surprisingly,almost all of these genes were under diversifying selection,suggesting that diversifying selection was the main genetic mechanism of convergent metabolic differentiation.Further genetic and molecular studies revealed the roles and genetic diversifying selection mechanisms of ZmGPAT11 in convergent metabolite differentiation in the lipid pathway.On the basis of our research,we established the first edible maize metabolome database,EMMDB(https://www.maizemdb.site/home/).We successfully used EMMDB for precision improvement of nutritional and flavor traits and bred the elite inbred line 6644_2,with greatly increased contents of flavonoids,lysophosphatidylcholines,lysophosphatidylethanolamines,and vitamins.Collectively,our study sheds light on the genetic mechanisms of metabolite differentiation in edible maize and provides a database for breeding improvement of flavor and nutritional traits in edible maize by metabolome precision design.展开更多
基金Supported by Zhejiang Basic Public Welfare Research Program Project(LGN21C020006)Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province(2021C02057)+1 种基金Zhejiang Major Science and Technology Project of Agricultural New Variety(Upland Food)Breeding(2021C02064)Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province(2022C04024).
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to explore the effects of low temperature stress on germination and physiological characteristics of different sweet maize varieties.[Methods]Taking Taitian 264,Zhexuetian 1 and Chaotian 4 as the research objects,the changes in germination potential,germination index,plant height,biomass,and antioxidant enzyme activity of maize seeds were studied under optimal temperature conditions(25℃)and low temperature stress conditions(10℃).[Results]Under 10℃stress,the germination rate and germination index of Taitian 264 were higher than that of Zhexuetian 1 and Chaotian 4.Under low temperature stress,Taitian 264 exhibited the least reduction in height and biomass,while Zhexuetian 1 had the most reduction.Additionally,the SOD and POD activities of Taitian 264 were higher than that of Zhexuetian 1 and Chaotian 4 under both temperature conditions,while the MDA content of Taitian 264 was lower.Taitian 264 showed strong germination ability against low temperature stress.[Conclusions]This study provides a basis for timely sowing practices of sweet maize in agricultural production.
基金the Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Finance(CARS-24-G-10).
文摘Ginger is an important cash crop in Shandong Province and it usually takes the sole cropping in the production.In order to explore new ginger cultivation patterns and improve planting benefits,sweet maize(Jingengtian 1)was intercropped with ginger(Laiwu ginger).The plug seedling was performed for sweet maize on April 18.Ginger was planted with plastic film mulching on April 20,and double-row sweet maize seedlings were transplanted on the ridges of interlaced ginger fields on May 2.The sweet maize was harvested from July 18 to 25,and the tillering rate of sweet maize reached 100%.The number of tillers in intercropping was more than that of sole cropping,and the highest average tiller reached 5.32 per plant;when sweet maize was intercropped,the number of ears decreased by 17.35%and the ear weight decreased by 8.07%.Ginger was harvested on October 20,the number of branches of intercropping ginger decreased by 5.12%to 6.47%,and the rhizomes weight per plant decreased by 5.64%to 16.43%.The economic benefit of ginger intercropping sweet maize was higher than that of sole ginger cropping.The intercropping model increased the efficiency by 6.28%and 2.87%respectively in the two bases,and increased the net income by 12000 and 5000 yuan/ha,respectively.
基金supported by the Youth Research Foundation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,China(QNJJ202420)the Beijing Science and Technology Association Youth Lifting Project,Chinathe Beijing Municipal Rural Revitalization Agricultural Science and Technology Development Project,China(NY2401020224)。
文摘Maize(Zea mays L.)is recognized as one of the most significant cereal crops worldwide,serving as a primary source of human food,animal feed,and industrial raw materials.With increasing diversification of market demands for specialty maize varieties,distinctive fresh produce cultivars characterized by unique textures have gained considerable popularity among consumers(Boyer and Shannon 1984).Notably,sweet maize is often referred to as the‘King of fruits and vegetables'due to its richness in polysaccharides,dietary fiber,trace elements,vitamins,linoleic acid,and other essential nutrients(Revilla et al.2021).
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1100101)the Key area research and development program of Guangdong Province(2018B020202008)+2 种基金the Key area research and development program of Hainan Province(ZDYF2021XDNY126)Agricultural competitive industry discipline team building project of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(202115TD)the project of Guangdong Key Lab for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization(2020B121201008).
文摘A comparative study was conducted to elucidate differences in the functional properties of arabinoxylans(AXs)derived from different sweet maize fibers(AX2,AX6,and AX39).AX39 had the highest A/X value of 0.68 and the largest Mw,while AX6 contained more disubstituted xylose.The difference in Mw led to the changes in viscosity of AXs.When the concentration was 9%,the difference in viscosity of AXs was obvious:AX39>AX6>AX2,and AX39 showed distinct shear thinning property.Moreover,ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid were the dominant phenolic acids in AXs.The content of ferulic acid was proportional to antioxidant activity,and AX2 with the highest content of ferulic acid(96.13μg/g)had the highest antioxidant activity.The contents of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)produced during the in vitro fermentation of AXs were influenced by their structural properties.The total SCFAs of AX39 and AX2 were higher than that in AX6 due to their higher A/X and ferulic acid content.These results indicate that AX from different sources has different structural and functional characteristics,appropriate AXs can be selected according to actual needs to enhance the texture or nutritional value of the food.
基金supported by grants from the Special Program for Innovation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(KJCX20240408)the Beijing Scholars Program(BSP041)+1 种基金the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(YXQN202401)the Youth Scientific Research Foundation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(QNJJ202407).
文摘Edible maize is an important food crop that provides energy and nutrients to meet human health and nutritional requirements.However,how environmental pressures and human activity have shaped the metabolome of edible maize remains unclear.In this study,we collected 452 diverse edible maize accessions worldwide,including waxy,sweet,and field maize.A total of 3020 non-redundant metabolites,including 802 annotated metabolites,were identified using a two-step optimized approach,which generated the most comprehensive annotated metabolite dataset in plants to date.Although specific metabolite differentiation was detected between field and sweet maize and between field and waxy maize,convergent metabolite differentiation was the dominant pattern.We identified hub genes in all metabolite classes by hotspot analysis in a metabolite genome-wide association study.Seventeen and 15 hub genes were selected as the key differentiation genes for flavonoids and lipids,respectively.Surprisingly,almost all of these genes were under diversifying selection,suggesting that diversifying selection was the main genetic mechanism of convergent metabolic differentiation.Further genetic and molecular studies revealed the roles and genetic diversifying selection mechanisms of ZmGPAT11 in convergent metabolite differentiation in the lipid pathway.On the basis of our research,we established the first edible maize metabolome database,EMMDB(https://www.maizemdb.site/home/).We successfully used EMMDB for precision improvement of nutritional and flavor traits and bred the elite inbred line 6644_2,with greatly increased contents of flavonoids,lysophosphatidylcholines,lysophosphatidylethanolamines,and vitamins.Collectively,our study sheds light on the genetic mechanisms of metabolite differentiation in edible maize and provides a database for breeding improvement of flavor and nutritional traits in edible maize by metabolome precision design.
