Dear Editor,Since 2024,the clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)H5N1 viruses have been identified in dairy cattle in the United States,raising global concerns about public health(Neumann and Kawaoka,2...Dear Editor,Since 2024,the clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)H5N1 viruses have been identified in dairy cattle in the United States,raising global concerns about public health(Neumann and Kawaoka,2024).As of December 18,2024,the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)has reported over 61 confirmed cases of H5N1 infection in humans,predominantly associated with exposure to infected poultry or dairy cattle(U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,2024).Notably,the circulating 2.3.4.4b H5N1 clade has demonstrated continuous evolution in both wild and domestic birds globally,with expanding mammalian host tropism that now includes swine,cats,red foxes,harbor seals,and skunks(Peacock et al.,2024).These viruses have not only incurred substantial economic impacts but also posed dual threats to human health and ecological stability particularly during co-infections with other viruses(Abolnik,2024;Wang and Wang,2023).展开更多
On February 8,2025,a remote area in the Caribbean Sea was rocked by a large M_(W)7.6(USGS,2025) earthquake,centered 209 km SSW of Georgetown,the capital of the Cayman Islands,and the largest city(population~41 000) of...On February 8,2025,a remote area in the Caribbean Sea was rocked by a large M_(W)7.6(USGS,2025) earthquake,centered 209 km SSW of Georgetown,the capital of the Cayman Islands,and the largest city(population~41 000) of the British Overseas Territories(Figure 1).The earthquake was significant due to its large magnitude,potential regional impact,and the possibility of generating a tsunami.展开更多
获取高分辨率的风场数据和气压场数据是精确模拟台风浪的基础,采用经验公式构建台风风场和气压场对海浪模式进行驱动,无法反映台风影响下海气动力过程,难以提供高精度的风场、气压场数据。本文基于中尺度大气模式WRF(Weather Research a...获取高分辨率的风场数据和气压场数据是精确模拟台风浪的基础,采用经验公式构建台风风场和气压场对海浪模式进行驱动,无法反映台风影响下海气动力过程,难以提供高精度的风场、气压场数据。本文基于中尺度大气模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting model)和第三代海浪模式SWAN(Simulating WAves Nearshore model),构建了南中国海地区大气—海浪实时双向耦合模式,针对超强台风"威马逊"进行数值模拟。将数值模拟结果与现场观测结果及卫星高度计观测结果进行对比验证,验证结果表明,本文建立的WRF-SWAN耦合模式在对台风"威马逊"影响下的南中国海台风浪的模拟中展现出较高的模拟精度,揭示了台风风场分布和台风浪分布在空间上的"右偏性"不对称分布特征及其形成机制。基于WRF和SWAN建立的大气-海浪实时双向耦合模式能够准确模拟台风动力过程以及台风浪的时空分布特征,可以推广用于南中国海地区台风浪的模拟分析。展开更多
Wave fields in Beibu Bay during Typhoon Damrey （2005） were simulated by SWAN wave model through inputting high resolution reanalysis wind fields data, current and water level data. Comparisons for wind input and wav...Wave fields in Beibu Bay during Typhoon Damrey （2005） were simulated by SWAN wave model through inputting high resolution reanalysis wind fields data, current and water level data. Comparisons for wind input and wave hindcast between observation and simulation show good consistency. Distributions of wave parameters such as wave height, wave period, wave length and wave direction under typhoon wind forcing were given. Also, the directional spectra related to the different position from the typhoon center were discussed. And at last, the variation and characteristics of observed frequency spectrum during the passage of Damrey were presented.展开更多
文摘Dear Editor,Since 2024,the clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)H5N1 viruses have been identified in dairy cattle in the United States,raising global concerns about public health(Neumann and Kawaoka,2024).As of December 18,2024,the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)has reported over 61 confirmed cases of H5N1 infection in humans,predominantly associated with exposure to infected poultry or dairy cattle(U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,2024).Notably,the circulating 2.3.4.4b H5N1 clade has demonstrated continuous evolution in both wild and domestic birds globally,with expanding mammalian host tropism that now includes swine,cats,red foxes,harbor seals,and skunks(Peacock et al.,2024).These viruses have not only incurred substantial economic impacts but also posed dual threats to human health and ecological stability particularly during co-infections with other viruses(Abolnik,2024;Wang and Wang,2023).
文摘On February 8,2025,a remote area in the Caribbean Sea was rocked by a large M_(W)7.6(USGS,2025) earthquake,centered 209 km SSW of Georgetown,the capital of the Cayman Islands,and the largest city(population~41 000) of the British Overseas Territories(Figure 1).The earthquake was significant due to its large magnitude,potential regional impact,and the possibility of generating a tsunami.
文摘获取高分辨率的风场数据和气压场数据是精确模拟台风浪的基础,采用经验公式构建台风风场和气压场对海浪模式进行驱动,无法反映台风影响下海气动力过程,难以提供高精度的风场、气压场数据。本文基于中尺度大气模式WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting model)和第三代海浪模式SWAN(Simulating WAves Nearshore model),构建了南中国海地区大气—海浪实时双向耦合模式,针对超强台风"威马逊"进行数值模拟。将数值模拟结果与现场观测结果及卫星高度计观测结果进行对比验证,验证结果表明,本文建立的WRF-SWAN耦合模式在对台风"威马逊"影响下的南中国海台风浪的模拟中展现出较高的模拟精度,揭示了台风风场分布和台风浪分布在空间上的"右偏性"不对称分布特征及其形成机制。基于WRF和SWAN建立的大气-海浪实时双向耦合模式能够准确模拟台风动力过程以及台风浪的时空分布特征,可以推广用于南中国海地区台风浪的模拟分析。
文摘Wave fields in Beibu Bay during Typhoon Damrey （2005） were simulated by SWAN wave model through inputting high resolution reanalysis wind fields data, current and water level data. Comparisons for wind input and wave hindcast between observation and simulation show good consistency. Distributions of wave parameters such as wave height, wave period, wave length and wave direction under typhoon wind forcing were given. Also, the directional spectra related to the different position from the typhoon center were discussed. And at last, the variation and characteristics of observed frequency spectrum during the passage of Damrey were presented.
