[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of high-yield soybean varieties.[Method] The agronomic traits of six high-yield soybean varieties and other 57 summer sowing ones were investigated from ...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of high-yield soybean varieties.[Method] The agronomic traits of six high-yield soybean varieties and other 57 summer sowing ones were investigated from 2007 to 2010.[Result] The higher-yield summer sowing soybean varieties should have higher plants （R=0.551 6＊）,more effective pods （R=0.739 7＊）,more seeds per pod （R=0.318 9）,more flowers per plant （＞130）,higher pod setting rate （＞52％）,smaller ratio of aborted pods （＜40％）,longer tap roots （more than 20 cm） and lateral roots （more than 15 cm）,shorter bottom nodes （the length of six bottom nodes should be less than 25 cm）,lower center of gravity of the plant （＜40 cm）,greater stem dry weight,higher dry matter transformation rate and continuously increasing seed weight in late seed filling stage.The ideal growth stage model for summer sowing soybean was that the durations between adjacent stages of sowing,seedling emergence,flowering,seed setting and maturity stage were 5,29-33,29-33,32-36 d,respectively.[Conclusion] This pattern could not only satisfy the ecological conditions for double cropping system,but also balance the full development of vegetative and reproductive growth,promote the yield formation of summer sowing soybean.展开更多
Genetic variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between 12 yield-related agronomic traits of 87 summer sowing soybean eultivars in Huang...Genetic variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between 12 yield-related agronomic traits of 87 summer sowing soybean eultivars in Huang-Huai-Hai region. According to the experimental results, effective branch number showed the maxi- mum variation coefficient and growth duration showed the minimum variation coefficient. The variation coefficient of bottom pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per plant, grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight of semi-determinate summer sowing soybean ranged between 18.38% -27.56. The variation coeffi- eient of plant height, bottom pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per plant and grain weight per plant of determinate summer sowing soybean ranged from 21.02% to 8.04%. In semi-determinate summer sowing soybean, yield showed extremely significantly positive correlation with grain number per pod, grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight, but extremely significantly negative correlation with effective branch number and significantly negative correlation with growth duration. In determinate summer sowing soybean, yidd showed extremely significantly positive correlation with stem diameter but significantly positive correlation with bottom pod height, while it showed no significant correlation with other agronomic traits. Principal component analysis of yield-rdated agronomic traits showed that cumulative contribution rates of the former four principal components to the variation of seml-determinate and determinate summer sowing soybean were 79.92% and 79.50%, respectively. Agronomic traits with the greatest variation should be selected first. Semi-determinate and determinate summer sowing soybean individu- als in Huang-Hnai-Hai region should be selected according to different podding habits. In addition, semi-determlnate soybean varieties with moderate plant height and growth duration, fewer effective branches, more grains per pod and greater 100-grain weight should be selected; determinate soybean varieties with thicker stem diameter, higher plant height and bottom pod height, more nodes on main stem, fewer grains per pod, more pods per plant and grains per plant should be selected.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enhance the disease resistance of summer-sown hybrid millet varieties and improve the quality of millet.[Methods]Zhangzagu No.24 was bred by Zhangjiakou Academy of Agric...[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enhance the disease resistance of summer-sown hybrid millet varieties and improve the quality of millet.[Methods]Zhangzagu No.24 was bred by Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences with sterile line A2 as the female parent and"5170"as the male parent.[Results]The growth period for summer sowing of Zhangzagu No.24 is 88 d.The seedlings are green and have green leaf sheaths.The plant height is 110 cm.The panicles are 26 cm in length,in a stick panicle type,and moderate in tightness.The single panicle weight is 15.3 g,and the grain weight per panicle is 12.9 g.The grain yield is 84.2%,and the milled rice rate is 78.2%.The 1000-grain weight is 3.11 g.Zhangzagu No.24 shows yellow grains and yellow rice.There is one or two tillers per plant.Zhangzagu No.24 is resistant to herbicide sethoxydim.It obtained the registration certificate for non-main crop varieties,registration number:GPD millet(2018)130194.[Conclusions]This study will contribute to the development of water-saving,high-efficiency and green industrialization of hybrid millet in summer sowing areas in China.展开更多
Background:Pearl millet is characterized by its high dry matter(DM)yields with a high moisture content,which makes it difficult to process as silage.Methods:Pearl millet was sown in mid-September for 3 years to examin...Background:Pearl millet is characterized by its high dry matter(DM)yields with a high moisture content,which makes it difficult to process as silage.Methods:Pearl millet was sown in mid-September for 3 years to examine its growth,DM yields in early December,and decrease in DM percentage after frost exposure.The crop was processed as round-bale silage to assess silage quality and preference by breeding beef cattle.Results:Plants reached a height of 160-200 cm,with heading tiller percentages of 50%-70%in early December.With frost exposure,DM percentage increased in leaves and panicles,followed by stems,reaching over 40%,1 month after exposure.These increases were positively correlated with cumulative frost exposure.After frost exposure,in vitro DM digestibility and crude protein content declined while acid detergent fiber content increased.Repeated cafeteria feeding experiments showed a reduced preference for either pearl millet silage or Italian ryegrass hay.The silage showed moderate acidity at pH 4.73-5.40,with lactic acid at 0.58%-1.62%DM,acetic acid at 0.03%-0.10%DM,and negligible butyric acid,indicating a satisfactory quality.Conclusions:In Southern Kyushu,pearl millet sown in late summer can be processed into low-moisture round-bale silage in January,the year following sowing.展开更多
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of high-yield soybean varieties.[Method] The agronomic traits of six high-yield soybean varieties and other 57 summer sowing ones were investigated from 2007 to 2010.[Result] The higher-yield summer sowing soybean varieties should have higher plants （R=0.551 6＊）,more effective pods （R=0.739 7＊）,more seeds per pod （R=0.318 9）,more flowers per plant （＞130）,higher pod setting rate （＞52％）,smaller ratio of aborted pods （＜40％）,longer tap roots （more than 20 cm） and lateral roots （more than 15 cm）,shorter bottom nodes （the length of six bottom nodes should be less than 25 cm）,lower center of gravity of the plant （＜40 cm）,greater stem dry weight,higher dry matter transformation rate and continuously increasing seed weight in late seed filling stage.The ideal growth stage model for summer sowing soybean was that the durations between adjacent stages of sowing,seedling emergence,flowering,seed setting and maturity stage were 5,29-33,29-33,32-36 d,respectively.[Conclusion] This pattern could not only satisfy the ecological conditions for double cropping system,but also balance the full development of vegetative and reproductive growth,promote the yield formation of summer sowing soybean.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(nyhyzx07-004-06)National Science and Technology Support Program of China(2006BAD521B01-3)
文摘Genetic variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between 12 yield-related agronomic traits of 87 summer sowing soybean eultivars in Huang-Huai-Hai region. According to the experimental results, effective branch number showed the maxi- mum variation coefficient and growth duration showed the minimum variation coefficient. The variation coefficient of bottom pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per plant, grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight of semi-determinate summer sowing soybean ranged between 18.38% -27.56. The variation coeffi- eient of plant height, bottom pod height, pod number per plant, grain number per plant and grain weight per plant of determinate summer sowing soybean ranged from 21.02% to 8.04%. In semi-determinate summer sowing soybean, yield showed extremely significantly positive correlation with grain number per pod, grain weight per plant and 100-grain weight, but extremely significantly negative correlation with effective branch number and significantly negative correlation with growth duration. In determinate summer sowing soybean, yidd showed extremely significantly positive correlation with stem diameter but significantly positive correlation with bottom pod height, while it showed no significant correlation with other agronomic traits. Principal component analysis of yield-rdated agronomic traits showed that cumulative contribution rates of the former four principal components to the variation of seml-determinate and determinate summer sowing soybean were 79.92% and 79.50%, respectively. Agronomic traits with the greatest variation should be selected first. Semi-determinate and determinate summer sowing soybean individu- als in Huang-Hnai-Hai region should be selected according to different podding habits. In addition, semi-determlnate soybean varieties with moderate plant height and growth duration, fewer effective branches, more grains per pod and greater 100-grain weight should be selected; determinate soybean varieties with thicker stem diameter, higher plant height and bottom pod height, more nodes on main stem, fewer grains per pod, more pods per plant and grains per plant should be selected.
基金Supported by National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(CARS-06-14.5-A7)Hebei Provincial Key R&D Program:Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation of Modern Seed Industry(21326302D,19226328D).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enhance the disease resistance of summer-sown hybrid millet varieties and improve the quality of millet.[Methods]Zhangzagu No.24 was bred by Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences with sterile line A2 as the female parent and"5170"as the male parent.[Results]The growth period for summer sowing of Zhangzagu No.24 is 88 d.The seedlings are green and have green leaf sheaths.The plant height is 110 cm.The panicles are 26 cm in length,in a stick panicle type,and moderate in tightness.The single panicle weight is 15.3 g,and the grain weight per panicle is 12.9 g.The grain yield is 84.2%,and the milled rice rate is 78.2%.The 1000-grain weight is 3.11 g.Zhangzagu No.24 shows yellow grains and yellow rice.There is one or two tillers per plant.Zhangzagu No.24 is resistant to herbicide sethoxydim.It obtained the registration certificate for non-main crop varieties,registration number:GPD millet(2018)130194.[Conclusions]This study will contribute to the development of water-saving,high-efficiency and green industrialization of hybrid millet in summer sowing areas in China.
文摘Background:Pearl millet is characterized by its high dry matter(DM)yields with a high moisture content,which makes it difficult to process as silage.Methods:Pearl millet was sown in mid-September for 3 years to examine its growth,DM yields in early December,and decrease in DM percentage after frost exposure.The crop was processed as round-bale silage to assess silage quality and preference by breeding beef cattle.Results:Plants reached a height of 160-200 cm,with heading tiller percentages of 50%-70%in early December.With frost exposure,DM percentage increased in leaves and panicles,followed by stems,reaching over 40%,1 month after exposure.These increases were positively correlated with cumulative frost exposure.After frost exposure,in vitro DM digestibility and crude protein content declined while acid detergent fiber content increased.Repeated cafeteria feeding experiments showed a reduced preference for either pearl millet silage or Italian ryegrass hay.The silage showed moderate acidity at pH 4.73-5.40,with lactic acid at 0.58%-1.62%DM,acetic acid at 0.03%-0.10%DM,and negligible butyric acid,indicating a satisfactory quality.Conclusions:In Southern Kyushu,pearl millet sown in late summer can be processed into low-moisture round-bale silage in January,the year following sowing.
