In our study, we chose python as the programming platform for finding an Automatic Bengali Document Summarizer. English has sufficient tools to process and receive summarized records. However, there is no specifically...In our study, we chose python as the programming platform for finding an Automatic Bengali Document Summarizer. English has sufficient tools to process and receive summarized records. However, there is no specifically applicable to Bengali since Bengali has a lot of ambiguity, it differs from English in terms of grammar. Afterward, this language holds an important place because this language is spoken by 26 core people all over the world. As a result, it has taken a new method to summarize Bengali documents. The proposed system has been designed by using the following stages: pre-processing the sample doc/input doc, word tagging, pronoun replacement, sentence ranking, as well as summary. Pronoun replacement has been used to reduce the incidence of swinging pronouns in the performance review. We ranked sentences based on sentence frequency, numerical figures, and pronoun replacement. Checking the similarity between two sentences in order to exclude one since it has less duplication. Hereby, we’ve taken 3000 data as input from newspaper and book documents and learned the words to be appropriate with syntax. In addition, to evaluate the performance of the designed summarizer, the design system looked at the different documents. According to the assessment method, the recall, precision, and F-score were 0.70, 0.82 and 0.74, respectively, representing 70%, 82% and 74% recall, precision, and F-score. It has been found that the proper pronoun replacement was 72%.展开更多
Liver transplantation,as an effective therapy for patients with liver cancer,plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients.However,the com-plexity and trauma of liver transplantation can easily ...Liver transplantation,as an effective therapy for patients with liver cancer,plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients.However,the com-plexity and trauma of liver transplantation can easily lead to the occurrence of malnutrition in patients,and then increase the risk of postoperative complica-tions,which has aroused widespread clinical attention.Reasonable nutritional support can not only maintain the stability of the body’s internal environment,reduce the occurrence of complications,but also promote the recovery of liver and other organ functions.In recent years,with the in-depth understanding of nut-ritional metabolism after liver transplantation,the application of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition in nutritional support after liver transplantation has been increasingly extensive and achieved remarkable results.This paper discusses the effect of early postoperative nutritional intervention on patients with liver cancer and liver transplantation,and combined with its mechanism of action,can better understand the effectiveness of intervention,and provide reference for the deve-lopment of scientific and reasonable nutritional support programs in clinical pra-ctice.展开更多
Scientific research is a journey into an uncharted territory.Researchers need to have the big picture for navigation and at the same time be detail-oriented,as details make a difference.Here I offer a few tips for con...Scientific research is a journey into an uncharted territory.Researchers need to have the big picture for navigation and at the same time be detail-oriented,as details make a difference.Here I offer a few tips for conducting research that I summarized based on my 30+years of research experience.展开更多
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/energy-and-buildings/vol/328/suppl/C Volume 328,1 February 2025[OA](1)Best practices of techno-economic methods for solar photovoltaic coupled heat pump analysis in cold climates ...https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/energy-and-buildings/vol/328/suppl/C Volume 328,1 February 2025[OA](1)Best practices of techno-economic methods for solar photovoltaic coupled heat pump analysis in cold climates by Shafquat Rana,Nelson Sommerfeldt,Joshua M.Pearce,Article 115196 Abstract:One of the most promising methods of decarbonizing the global building heating and cooling load is with solar photovoltaic(PV)powered heat pumps(HP).The complex nature of these systems and the interdependent interactions between each technology and the energy markets involve various sophisticated models to simulate accurately.This often leaves model descriptions lacking,particularly when qualitative discussion is required.This article reviews the models that exist and provides best practices for designing and simulating PV+HP systems of various complexities.The key performance indicators for electricity generation and total life cycle cost are summarized.This article then provides a detailed and comprehensive method for the techno-economic analysis of heat pumps powered with PV using an example of North American cold climates.For each component of the system。展开更多
The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and...The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and insights, influencing daily habits, and driving business, political, and economic decisions. Text posts are particularly significant, and natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing such data. While traditional NLP methods have been effective for structured media, social media content poses unique challenges due to its informal and diverse nature. This has spurred the development of new techniques tailored for processing and extracting insights from unstructured user-generated text. One key application of NLP is the summarization of user comments to manage overwhelming content volumes. Abstractive summarization has proven highly effective in generating concise, human-like summaries, offering clear overviews of key themes and sentiments. This enhances understanding and engagement while reducing cognitive effort for users. For businesses, summarization provides actionable insights into customer preferences and feedback, enabling faster trend analysis, improved responsiveness, and strategic adaptability. By distilling complex data into manageable insights, summarization plays a vital role in improving user experiences and empowering informed decision-making in a data-driven landscape. This paper proposes a new implementation framework by fine-tuning and parameterizing Transformer Large Language Models to manage and maintain linguistic and semantic components in abstractive summary generation. The system excels in transforming large volumes of data into meaningful summaries, as evidenced by its strong performance across metrics like fluency, consistency, readability, and semantic coherence.展开更多
We demonstrate a multi-method approach towards discovering and structuring sustainability transition knowl edge in marginalized mountain regions.By employing reflective thinking,artificial intelligence(AI)-powered tex...We demonstrate a multi-method approach towards discovering and structuring sustainability transition knowl edge in marginalized mountain regions.By employing reflective thinking,artificial intelligence(AI)-powered text summarization and text mining,we synthesize experts’narratives on sustainable development challenges and solutions in Kardüz Upland,Türkiye.We then analyze their alignment with the UN Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)using document embedding.Investment in infrastructure,education,and resilient socio-ecological systems emerged as priority sectors to combat poor infrastructure,geographic isolation,climate change,poverty,depopulation,unemployment,low education levels,and inadequate social services.The narratives were closest in substance to SDG 1,3,and 11.Social dimensions of sustainability were more pronounced than environmental dimensions.The presented approach supports policymakers in organizing loosely structured sustainability tran sition knowledge and fragmented data corpora,while also advancing AI applications for designing and planning sustainable development policies at the regional level.展开更多
We analyze the suitability of existing pre-trained transformer-based language models(PLMs)for abstractive text summarization on German technical healthcare texts.The study focuses on the multilingual capabilities of t...We analyze the suitability of existing pre-trained transformer-based language models(PLMs)for abstractive text summarization on German technical healthcare texts.The study focuses on the multilingual capabilities of these models and their ability to perform the task of abstractive text summarization in the healthcare field.The research hypothesis was that large language models could perform high-quality abstractive text summarization on German technical healthcare texts,even if the model is not specifically trained in that language.Through experiments,the research questions explore the performance of transformer language models in dealing with complex syntax constructs,the difference in performance between models trained in English and German,and the impact of translating the source text to English before conducting the summarization.We conducted an evaluation of four PLMs(GPT-3,a translation-based approach also utilizing GPT-3,a German language Model,and a domain-specific bio-medical model approach).The evaluation considered the informativeness using 3 types of metrics based on Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation(ROUGE)and the quality of results which is manually evaluated considering 5 aspects.The results show that text summarization models could be used in the German healthcare domain and that domain-independent language models achieved the best results.The study proves that text summarization models can simplify the search for pre-existing German knowledge in various domains.展开更多
The special issue deals with the Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China and relevant sedimentological problems about deserts. The study area is located between 101°10＇- 107°00＇E and 28°00＇...The special issue deals with the Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China and relevant sedimentological problems about deserts. The study area is located between 101°10＇- 107°00＇E and 28°00＇-30°40′ N. The ancient desert study is so little in China that there has not been a systematic report about it up to now. Based on the study in many ways on Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China, plentiful data have been obtained. Though it is still a bit rough, the study is a good beginning of the ancient desert study in China. The main ideas and conclusions are summarized as follows.展开更多
This paper is summarized from the speeches given by foreign entrepreneurs at Chinese Enterprises’ Summit Meeting 2000. In the paper, the entrepreneurs set forth the opportunities for Chinese enterprises and the exist...This paper is summarized from the speeches given by foreign entrepreneurs at Chinese Enterprises’ Summit Meeting 2000. In the paper, the entrepreneurs set forth the opportunities for Chinese enterprises and the existing problems from several aspects as globalization of China, influence of WTO, as well as financial reform and capital market opening, etc.展开更多
The following six aspects in the utilization of lake resources and progress of limnological research in China are described : 1 . Expeditions for comprehensive investigation of lakes ; 2 . Physical limnology; 3 . Lacu...The following six aspects in the utilization of lake resources and progress of limnological research in China are described : 1 . Expeditions for comprehensive investigation of lakes ; 2 . Physical limnology; 3 . Lacustrine sedimentology and paleolimnology ; 4 . Hydrobiology and ecology ; 5 . Hydrochemistry and environmental protection; 6 . Development and utilization of lake resources.展开更多
As a new electrochemical power system,safety(especially thermal safety)of Na-ion batteries(NIBs)is the key towards large-scale industrialization and market application.Thus,research on the thermal stability of NIBs is...As a new electrochemical power system,safety(especially thermal safety)of Na-ion batteries(NIBs)is the key towards large-scale industrialization and market application.Thus,research on the thermal stability of NIBs is helpful to evaluate the safety properties and to provide effective strategies to prevent the occurrence of battery safety failure.Thermal stability of the high-power 26650 cylindrical NIBs using Cu-based layered oxide cathode and hard carbon anode is studied.The high power NIBs can achieve fast charge and discharge at 5–10 C rate and maintain 80%capacity after 4729 cycles at 2 C/2 C rate,where the unit C denotes a measure of the rate at which a battery is charge-discharged relative to its maximum capacity.The results of accelerating rate calorimeter and differential scanning calorimetry(ARC-DSC)test results show that NIBs have a higher initial decomposition temperature(≥110℃)and a lower maximum thermal runaway temperature(≤350℃)than those of Li-ion batteries(LIBs),exhibiting a favorable thermal stability.It should be noted that the heat generation of cathode accounts for a large proportion of the total heat generation while the thermal stability of the anode determines the initial thermal runaway temperature,which is similar to LIBs.Finally,the whole temperature characteristics of the NIBs in the range of−60℃–1000℃are summarized,which provide guidance for the safety design and applications of NIBs.展开更多
Biomineralization is the process by which organisms form mineralized tissues with hierarchical structures and excellent properties,including the bones and teeth in vertebrates.The underlying mechanisms and pathways of...Biomineralization is the process by which organisms form mineralized tissues with hierarchical structures and excellent properties,including the bones and teeth in vertebrates.The underlying mechanisms and pathways of biomineralization provide inspiration for designing and constructing materials to repair hard tissues.In particular,the formation processes of minerals can be partly replicated by utilizing bioinspired artificial materials to mimic the functions of biomolecules or stabilize intermediate mineral phases involved in biomineralization.Here,we review recent advances in biomineralization-inspired materials developed for hard tissue repair.Biomineralization-inspired materials are categorized into different types based on their specific applications,which include bone repair,dentin remineralization,and enamel remineralization.Finally,the advantages and limitations of these materials are summarized,and several perspectives on future directions are discussed.展开更多
Distraction osteogenesis(DO) is widely used for bone tissue engineering technology. Immune regulations play important roles in the process of DO like other bone regeneration mechanisms. Compared with others, the immun...Distraction osteogenesis(DO) is widely used for bone tissue engineering technology. Immune regulations play important roles in the process of DO like other bone regeneration mechanisms. Compared with others, the immune regulation processes of DO have their distinct features. In this review, we summarized the immune-related events including changes in and effects of immune cells, immune-related cytokines, and signaling pathways at different periods in the process of DO. We aim to elucidated our understanding and unknowns about the immunomodulatory role of DO. The goal of this is to use the known knowledge to further modify existing methods of DO, and to develop novel DO strategies in our unknown areas through more detailed studies of the work we have done.展开更多
With the emergence of DNA nanotechnology in the 1980s, self-assembled DNA nanostructures have attracted considerable attention worldwide due to their inherent biocompatibility, unsurpassed programmability, and versati...With the emergence of DNA nanotechnology in the 1980s, self-assembled DNA nanostructures have attracted considerable attention worldwide due to their inherent biocompatibility, unsurpassed programmability, and versatile functions. Especially promising nanostructures are tetrahedral framework nucleic acids(t FNAs), first proposed by Turberfield with the use of a one-step annealing approach. Benefiting from their various merits, such as simple synthesis, high reproducibility, structural stability, cellular internalization, tissue permeability, and editable functionality, t FNAs have been widely applied in the biomedical field as threedimensional DNA nanomaterials. Surprisingly, t FNAs exhibit positive effects on cellular biological behaviors and tissue regeneration,which may be used to treat inflammatory and degenerative diseases. According to their intended application and carrying capacity,t FNAs could carry functional nucleic acids or therapeutic molecules through extended sequences, sticky-end hybridization,intercalation, and encapsulation based on the Watson and Crick principle. Additionally, dynamic t FNAs also have potential applications in controlled and targeted therapies. This review summarized the latest progress in pure/modified/dynamic t FNAs and demonstrated their regenerative medicine applications. These applications include promoting the regeneration of the bone,cartilage, nerve, skin, vasculature, or muscle and treating diseases such as bone defects, neurological disorders, joint-related inflammatory diseases, periodontitis, and immune diseases.展开更多
Cytokines provided locally at tbe tumor site mayinitiate an effective anti-tumor immune responsewhich leads to rejection of a tumor which otherwisegrows progressively. Experimentillly, this can betested by gene transf...Cytokines provided locally at tbe tumor site mayinitiate an effective anti-tumor immune responsewhich leads to rejection of a tumor which otherwisegrows progressively. Experimentillly, this can betested by gene transfer into cultured tumor cellsfollowed by the analysis of the tumorigenicity of suchgenetically engincered cells. This approach allows展开更多
In fleshy fruits,organic acids are the main source of fruit acidity and play an important role in regulating osmotic pressure,pH homeostasis,stress resistance,and fruit quality.The transport of organic acids from the ...In fleshy fruits,organic acids are the main source of fruit acidity and play an important role in regulating osmotic pressure,pH homeostasis,stress resistance,and fruit quality.The transport of organic acids from the cytosol to the vacuole and their storage are complex processes.A large number of transporters carry organic acids from the cytosol to the vacuole with the assistance of various proton pumps and enzymes.However,much remains to be explored regarding the vacuolar transport mechanism of organic acids as well as the substances involved and their association.In this review,recent advances in the vacuolar transport mechanism of organic acids in plants are summarized from the perspectives of transporters,channels,proton pumps,and upstream regulators to better understand the complex regulatory networks involved in fruit acid formation.展开更多
Due to its unique layered structure, bismuth oxychloride(BiOCl) has potential applications as a photocatalytic material in clean energy utilization and environmental purification. In recent years, researchers have car...Due to its unique layered structure, bismuth oxychloride(BiOCl) has potential applications as a photocatalytic material in clean energy utilization and environmental purification. In recent years, researchers have carried out a lot of studies and made important progress for the preparation and performance enhancement of BiOCl.In this review, the charge separation property of BiOCl was analyzed based on the crystal structure and electronic structure. Subsequently, the common preparation method of BiOCl was expounded, and the growth mechanism of BiOCl was introduced. Furthermore, the strategies for modulating the photocatalytic performance of BiOCl via doping, vacancy creation, internal electric field tuning, co-catalysts modification, composites construction, and using sensitizers were summarized. Finally, in view of the current research status of the BiOCl photocatalytic material, some problems still need to be addressed including exploring the method of controlled synthesis of BiOCl exposed other high energy surfaces, developing advanced characterization methods to clarify the detailed transfer path of the photogenerated charge, and expanding the photocatalytic application range of BiOCl.展开更多
Presented in this paper is a report of our studies on 386 traditional effective anti-agingmedications,the effects of which on cell generation,survival time,immunomodulation,im-provement of visceral and metabolic funct...Presented in this paper is a report of our studies on 386 traditional effective anti-agingmedications,the effects of which on cell generation,survival time,immunomodulation,im-provement of visceral and metabolic functions,and anti-infection,and their trace elementcontents were further summarized and analysed.This suggests that the investigations of tra-ditional anti-aging materia medica in China are now well under way and some effectivedrugs and compound prescriptions have been explored,such as Ginseng,Radix Astragali seuHedysari,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Herba Epimedii,Cordyceps,Ganoderma Lucidum seuJaponicum,Radix Polygoni Multiflori,Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi,RhizomaPolygonati,Fructus Lycii,and Poria.However,all of these preliminary results remain to befurther investigated.展开更多
INSPIRED by the insight from American political scientist Lasswell, who summarized the environmental role in societal surveillance [1], Schramm coined the term “social radar” [2] as it resembles the activities of ra...INSPIRED by the insight from American political scientist Lasswell, who summarized the environmental role in societal surveillance [1], Schramm coined the term “social radar” [2] as it resembles the activities of radar in collecting and processing information, playing a crucial role in helping humans perceive changes in the internal and external environment and promptly adjusting adaptive behaviors.展开更多
A long history has passed since electromyography(EMG)signals have been explored in human-centered robots for intuitive interaction.However,it still has a gap between scientific research and real-life applications.Prev...A long history has passed since electromyography(EMG)signals have been explored in human-centered robots for intuitive interaction.However,it still has a gap between scientific research and real-life applications.Previous studies mainly focused on EMG decoding algorithms,leaving a dynamic relationship between the human,robot,and uncertain environment in real-life scenarios seldomly concerned.To fill this gap,this paper presents a comprehensive review of EMG-based techniques in human-robot-environment interaction(HREI)systems.The general processing framework is summarized,and three interaction paradigms,including direct control,sensory feedback,and partial autonomous control,are introduced.EMG-based intention decoding is treated as a module of the proposed paradigms.Five key issues involving precision,stability,user attention,compliance,and environmental awareness in this field are discussed.Several important directions,including EMG decomposition,robust algorithms,HREI dataset,proprioception feedback,reinforcement learning,and embodied intelligence,are proposed to pave the way for future research.To the best of what we know,this is the first time that a review of EMG-based methods in the HREI system is summarized.It provides a novel and broader perspective to improve the practicability of current myoelectric interaction systems,in which factors in human-robot interaction,robot-environment interaction,and state perception by human sensations are considered,which has never been done by previous studies.展开更多
文摘In our study, we chose python as the programming platform for finding an Automatic Bengali Document Summarizer. English has sufficient tools to process and receive summarized records. However, there is no specifically applicable to Bengali since Bengali has a lot of ambiguity, it differs from English in terms of grammar. Afterward, this language holds an important place because this language is spoken by 26 core people all over the world. As a result, it has taken a new method to summarize Bengali documents. The proposed system has been designed by using the following stages: pre-processing the sample doc/input doc, word tagging, pronoun replacement, sentence ranking, as well as summary. Pronoun replacement has been used to reduce the incidence of swinging pronouns in the performance review. We ranked sentences based on sentence frequency, numerical figures, and pronoun replacement. Checking the similarity between two sentences in order to exclude one since it has less duplication. Hereby, we’ve taken 3000 data as input from newspaper and book documents and learned the words to be appropriate with syntax. In addition, to evaluate the performance of the designed summarizer, the design system looked at the different documents. According to the assessment method, the recall, precision, and F-score were 0.70, 0.82 and 0.74, respectively, representing 70%, 82% and 74% recall, precision, and F-score. It has been found that the proper pronoun replacement was 72%.
文摘Liver transplantation,as an effective therapy for patients with liver cancer,plays an important role in improving the quality of life of patients.However,the com-plexity and trauma of liver transplantation can easily lead to the occurrence of malnutrition in patients,and then increase the risk of postoperative complica-tions,which has aroused widespread clinical attention.Reasonable nutritional support can not only maintain the stability of the body’s internal environment,reduce the occurrence of complications,but also promote the recovery of liver and other organ functions.In recent years,with the in-depth understanding of nut-ritional metabolism after liver transplantation,the application of enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition in nutritional support after liver transplantation has been increasingly extensive and achieved remarkable results.This paper discusses the effect of early postoperative nutritional intervention on patients with liver cancer and liver transplantation,and combined with its mechanism of action,can better understand the effectiveness of intervention,and provide reference for the deve-lopment of scientific and reasonable nutritional support programs in clinical pra-ctice.
文摘Scientific research is a journey into an uncharted territory.Researchers need to have the big picture for navigation and at the same time be detail-oriented,as details make a difference.Here I offer a few tips for conducting research that I summarized based on my 30+years of research experience.
文摘https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/energy-and-buildings/vol/328/suppl/C Volume 328,1 February 2025[OA](1)Best practices of techno-economic methods for solar photovoltaic coupled heat pump analysis in cold climates by Shafquat Rana,Nelson Sommerfeldt,Joshua M.Pearce,Article 115196 Abstract:One of the most promising methods of decarbonizing the global building heating and cooling load is with solar photovoltaic(PV)powered heat pumps(HP).The complex nature of these systems and the interdependent interactions between each technology and the energy markets involve various sophisticated models to simulate accurately.This often leaves model descriptions lacking,particularly when qualitative discussion is required.This article reviews the models that exist and provides best practices for designing and simulating PV+HP systems of various complexities.The key performance indicators for electricity generation and total life cycle cost are summarized.This article then provides a detailed and comprehensive method for the techno-economic analysis of heat pumps powered with PV using an example of North American cold climates.For each component of the system。
文摘The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and insights, influencing daily habits, and driving business, political, and economic decisions. Text posts are particularly significant, and natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing such data. While traditional NLP methods have been effective for structured media, social media content poses unique challenges due to its informal and diverse nature. This has spurred the development of new techniques tailored for processing and extracting insights from unstructured user-generated text. One key application of NLP is the summarization of user comments to manage overwhelming content volumes. Abstractive summarization has proven highly effective in generating concise, human-like summaries, offering clear overviews of key themes and sentiments. This enhances understanding and engagement while reducing cognitive effort for users. For businesses, summarization provides actionable insights into customer preferences and feedback, enabling faster trend analysis, improved responsiveness, and strategic adaptability. By distilling complex data into manageable insights, summarization plays a vital role in improving user experiences and empowering informed decision-making in a data-driven landscape. This paper proposes a new implementation framework by fine-tuning and parameterizing Transformer Large Language Models to manage and maintain linguistic and semantic components in abstractive summary generation. The system excels in transforming large volumes of data into meaningful summaries, as evidenced by its strong performance across metrics like fluency, consistency, readability, and semantic coherence.
基金work conducted under COST Action CA21125-a European forum for revitalisation of marginalised moun-tain areas(MARGISTAR)supported by COST(European Cooperation in Science and Technology)gratefully acknowledges the support received for the research from the University of Ljubljana’s research program Forest,forestry and renewable forest resources(P4-0059).
文摘We demonstrate a multi-method approach towards discovering and structuring sustainability transition knowl edge in marginalized mountain regions.By employing reflective thinking,artificial intelligence(AI)-powered text summarization and text mining,we synthesize experts’narratives on sustainable development challenges and solutions in Kardüz Upland,Türkiye.We then analyze their alignment with the UN Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)using document embedding.Investment in infrastructure,education,and resilient socio-ecological systems emerged as priority sectors to combat poor infrastructure,geographic isolation,climate change,poverty,depopulation,unemployment,low education levels,and inadequate social services.The narratives were closest in substance to SDG 1,3,and 11.Social dimensions of sustainability were more pronounced than environmental dimensions.The presented approach supports policymakers in organizing loosely structured sustainability tran sition knowledge and fragmented data corpora,while also advancing AI applications for designing and planning sustainable development policies at the regional level.
文摘We analyze the suitability of existing pre-trained transformer-based language models(PLMs)for abstractive text summarization on German technical healthcare texts.The study focuses on the multilingual capabilities of these models and their ability to perform the task of abstractive text summarization in the healthcare field.The research hypothesis was that large language models could perform high-quality abstractive text summarization on German technical healthcare texts,even if the model is not specifically trained in that language.Through experiments,the research questions explore the performance of transformer language models in dealing with complex syntax constructs,the difference in performance between models trained in English and German,and the impact of translating the source text to English before conducting the summarization.We conducted an evaluation of four PLMs(GPT-3,a translation-based approach also utilizing GPT-3,a German language Model,and a domain-specific bio-medical model approach).The evaluation considered the informativeness using 3 types of metrics based on Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation(ROUGE)and the quality of results which is manually evaluated considering 5 aspects.The results show that text summarization models could be used in the German healthcare domain and that domain-independent language models achieved the best results.The study proves that text summarization models can simplify the search for pre-existing German knowledge in various domains.
文摘The special issue deals with the Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China and relevant sedimentological problems about deserts. The study area is located between 101°10＇- 107°00＇E and 28°00＇-30°40′ N. The ancient desert study is so little in China that there has not been a systematic report about it up to now. Based on the study in many ways on Cretaceous-Tertiary deserts in southwestern China, plentiful data have been obtained. Though it is still a bit rough, the study is a good beginning of the ancient desert study in China. The main ideas and conclusions are summarized as follows.
文摘This paper is summarized from the speeches given by foreign entrepreneurs at Chinese Enterprises’ Summit Meeting 2000. In the paper, the entrepreneurs set forth the opportunities for Chinese enterprises and the existing problems from several aspects as globalization of China, influence of WTO, as well as financial reform and capital market opening, etc.
文摘The following six aspects in the utilization of lake resources and progress of limnological research in China are described : 1 . Expeditions for comprehensive investigation of lakes ; 2 . Physical limnology; 3 . Lacustrine sedimentology and paleolimnology ; 4 . Hydrobiology and ecology ; 5 . Hydrochemistry and environmental protection; 6 . Development and utilization of lake resources.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0901500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51725206)+2 种基金NSFCUKRI_EPSRC(Grant No.51861165201)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA21070500)Beijing Natural Science Fund-Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund(Grant No.L182056).
文摘As a new electrochemical power system,safety(especially thermal safety)of Na-ion batteries(NIBs)is the key towards large-scale industrialization and market application.Thus,research on the thermal stability of NIBs is helpful to evaluate the safety properties and to provide effective strategies to prevent the occurrence of battery safety failure.Thermal stability of the high-power 26650 cylindrical NIBs using Cu-based layered oxide cathode and hard carbon anode is studied.The high power NIBs can achieve fast charge and discharge at 5–10 C rate and maintain 80%capacity after 4729 cycles at 2 C/2 C rate,where the unit C denotes a measure of the rate at which a battery is charge-discharged relative to its maximum capacity.The results of accelerating rate calorimeter and differential scanning calorimetry(ARC-DSC)test results show that NIBs have a higher initial decomposition temperature(≥110℃)and a lower maximum thermal runaway temperature(≤350℃)than those of Li-ion batteries(LIBs),exhibiting a favorable thermal stability.It should be noted that the heat generation of cathode accounts for a large proportion of the total heat generation while the thermal stability of the anode determines the initial thermal runaway temperature,which is similar to LIBs.Finally,the whole temperature characteristics of the NIBs in the range of−60℃–1000℃are summarized,which provide guidance for the safety design and applications of NIBs.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51925304 and 51903175)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2019M663503).
文摘Biomineralization is the process by which organisms form mineralized tissues with hierarchical structures and excellent properties,including the bones and teeth in vertebrates.The underlying mechanisms and pathways of biomineralization provide inspiration for designing and constructing materials to repair hard tissues.In particular,the formation processes of minerals can be partly replicated by utilizing bioinspired artificial materials to mimic the functions of biomolecules or stabilize intermediate mineral phases involved in biomineralization.Here,we review recent advances in biomineralization-inspired materials developed for hard tissue repair.Biomineralization-inspired materials are categorized into different types based on their specific applications,which include bone repair,dentin remineralization,and enamel remineralization.Finally,the advantages and limitations of these materials are summarized,and several perspectives on future directions are discussed.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC1102800)National Natural Science Foundation of China (81879741, 51872332)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (20170541040)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant (2020M681020)
文摘Distraction osteogenesis(DO) is widely used for bone tissue engineering technology. Immune regulations play important roles in the process of DO like other bone regeneration mechanisms. Compared with others, the immune regulation processes of DO have their distinct features. In this review, we summarized the immune-related events including changes in and effects of immune cells, immune-related cytokines, and signaling pathways at different periods in the process of DO. We aim to elucidated our understanding and unknowns about the immunomodulatory role of DO. The goal of this is to use the known knowledge to further modify existing methods of DO, and to develop novel DO strategies in our unknown areas through more detailed studies of the work we have done.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0110600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82101077,81970916)+3 种基金Sichuan Province Youth Science and Technology Innovation Team(2022JDTD0021)Sichuan University Postdoctoral Interdisciplinary Innovation Fundthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Grant 2021M692271)West China School/Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University(No.RCDWJS2022-14 and RCDWJS2021-20)。
文摘With the emergence of DNA nanotechnology in the 1980s, self-assembled DNA nanostructures have attracted considerable attention worldwide due to their inherent biocompatibility, unsurpassed programmability, and versatile functions. Especially promising nanostructures are tetrahedral framework nucleic acids(t FNAs), first proposed by Turberfield with the use of a one-step annealing approach. Benefiting from their various merits, such as simple synthesis, high reproducibility, structural stability, cellular internalization, tissue permeability, and editable functionality, t FNAs have been widely applied in the biomedical field as threedimensional DNA nanomaterials. Surprisingly, t FNAs exhibit positive effects on cellular biological behaviors and tissue regeneration,which may be used to treat inflammatory and degenerative diseases. According to their intended application and carrying capacity,t FNAs could carry functional nucleic acids or therapeutic molecules through extended sequences, sticky-end hybridization,intercalation, and encapsulation based on the Watson and Crick principle. Additionally, dynamic t FNAs also have potential applications in controlled and targeted therapies. This review summarized the latest progress in pure/modified/dynamic t FNAs and demonstrated their regenerative medicine applications. These applications include promoting the regeneration of the bone,cartilage, nerve, skin, vasculature, or muscle and treating diseases such as bone defects, neurological disorders, joint-related inflammatory diseases, periodontitis, and immune diseases.
文摘Cytokines provided locally at tbe tumor site mayinitiate an effective anti-tumor immune responsewhich leads to rejection of a tumor which otherwisegrows progressively. Experimentillly, this can betested by gene transfer into cultured tumor cellsfollowed by the analysis of the tumorigenicity of suchgenetically engincered cells. This approach allows
基金This project was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32122080,31972375,31902049)Shandong Province(ZR2020YQ25).
文摘In fleshy fruits,organic acids are the main source of fruit acidity and play an important role in regulating osmotic pressure,pH homeostasis,stress resistance,and fruit quality.The transport of organic acids from the cytosol to the vacuole and their storage are complex processes.A large number of transporters carry organic acids from the cytosol to the vacuole with the assistance of various proton pumps and enzymes.However,much remains to be explored regarding the vacuolar transport mechanism of organic acids as well as the substances involved and their association.In this review,recent advances in the vacuolar transport mechanism of organic acids in plants are summarized from the perspectives of transporters,channels,proton pumps,and upstream regulators to better understand the complex regulatory networks involved in fruit acid formation.
基金supported by the Foundation of Jiangxi Educational Committee under Grant No.GJJ190865。
文摘Due to its unique layered structure, bismuth oxychloride(BiOCl) has potential applications as a photocatalytic material in clean energy utilization and environmental purification. In recent years, researchers have carried out a lot of studies and made important progress for the preparation and performance enhancement of BiOCl.In this review, the charge separation property of BiOCl was analyzed based on the crystal structure and electronic structure. Subsequently, the common preparation method of BiOCl was expounded, and the growth mechanism of BiOCl was introduced. Furthermore, the strategies for modulating the photocatalytic performance of BiOCl via doping, vacancy creation, internal electric field tuning, co-catalysts modification, composites construction, and using sensitizers were summarized. Finally, in view of the current research status of the BiOCl photocatalytic material, some problems still need to be addressed including exploring the method of controlled synthesis of BiOCl exposed other high energy surfaces, developing advanced characterization methods to clarify the detailed transfer path of the photogenerated charge, and expanding the photocatalytic application range of BiOCl.
文摘Presented in this paper is a report of our studies on 386 traditional effective anti-agingmedications,the effects of which on cell generation,survival time,immunomodulation,im-provement of visceral and metabolic functions,and anti-infection,and their trace elementcontents were further summarized and analysed.This suggests that the investigations of tra-ditional anti-aging materia medica in China are now well under way and some effectivedrugs and compound prescriptions have been explored,such as Ginseng,Radix Astragali seuHedysari,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Herba Epimedii,Cordyceps,Ganoderma Lucidum seuJaponicum,Radix Polygoni Multiflori,Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi,RhizomaPolygonati,Fructus Lycii,and Poria.However,all of these preliminary results remain to befurther investigated.
基金partially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFB3209800)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M740264)。
文摘INSPIRED by the insight from American political scientist Lasswell, who summarized the environmental role in societal surveillance [1], Schramm coined the term “social radar” [2] as it resembles the activities of radar in collecting and processing information, playing a crucial role in helping humans perceive changes in the internal and external environment and promptly adjusting adaptive behaviors.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF1202500,2022YFF1202502,2022YFB4703200,2023YFB4704700,2023YFB4704702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A2067,U20A20197,61773369,61903360,92048302,62203430)+1 种基金the Self-Planned Project of the State Key Laboratory of Robotics(2023-Z05)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project(2022M723312)。
文摘A long history has passed since electromyography(EMG)signals have been explored in human-centered robots for intuitive interaction.However,it still has a gap between scientific research and real-life applications.Previous studies mainly focused on EMG decoding algorithms,leaving a dynamic relationship between the human,robot,and uncertain environment in real-life scenarios seldomly concerned.To fill this gap,this paper presents a comprehensive review of EMG-based techniques in human-robot-environment interaction(HREI)systems.The general processing framework is summarized,and three interaction paradigms,including direct control,sensory feedback,and partial autonomous control,are introduced.EMG-based intention decoding is treated as a module of the proposed paradigms.Five key issues involving precision,stability,user attention,compliance,and environmental awareness in this field are discussed.Several important directions,including EMG decomposition,robust algorithms,HREI dataset,proprioception feedback,reinforcement learning,and embodied intelligence,are proposed to pave the way for future research.To the best of what we know,this is the first time that a review of EMG-based methods in the HREI system is summarized.It provides a novel and broader perspective to improve the practicability of current myoelectric interaction systems,in which factors in human-robot interaction,robot-environment interaction,and state perception by human sensations are considered,which has never been done by previous studies.
