BACKGROUND Aseptic meningitis is defined as meningeal inflammation caused by various etio-logies with negative cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)bacterial culture.The most common etiologies are viruses[enteroviruses,arboviruses...BACKGROUND Aseptic meningitis is defined as meningeal inflammation caused by various etio-logies with negative cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)bacterial culture.The most common etiologies are viruses[enteroviruses,arboviruses,and herpes simplex virus type 2(HSV-2)].Aseptic meningitis can have various presentations,including sensori-neural deafness.While sensorineural deafness from mumps meningoencephalitis has been reported,cases of HSV-2-induced hearing loss are rare.Herein,we re-port a case of HSV-2-induced meningitis that presented with sudden deafness.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old man experienced a profound sudden onset of left-sided hearing loss for one day.Pure-tone audiograms demonstrated sudden left-sided sensorineural hearing loss(thresholds 80-90 dB).After treatment with high-dose steroids for 1 week,he experienced an acute consciousness change with left hemiparesis.The laboratory data showed no significant abnormalities.Brain computed tomography without contrast and magnetic resonance imaging revealed no intracranial hemo-rrhage or obvious brain lesion.The CSF analysis and the Multiplex PCR panels showed HSV-2 positivity.Hence,under the diagnosis of herpes meningoenceph-alitis,acyclovir was prescribed and his symptoms gradually resolved.CONCLUSION This case report further demonstrates that a viral infection could be a cause of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the necessity and effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation training instruction in the treatment of sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo.Methods:Sixty medical staff who learned the treatment m...Objective:To analyze the necessity and effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation training instruction in the treatment of sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo.Methods:Sixty medical staff who learned the treatment methods for sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo(vestibular rehabilitation training)from January 2024 to February 2025 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups according to the time of study:the control group,who participated in the training teaching first,and the observation group,who participated later.Each group had 30 people.The control group received conventional training,while the observation group underwent continuous quality improvement.The effects and assessment results of different teaching methods were compared.Results:The theoretical and practical assessment scores of medical staff in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(p<0.05);the satisfaction of medical staff in the observation group with the teaching mode was higher than that in the control group(p<0.05).Conclusion:Vestibular rehabilitation training has significant effects on sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo.Training medical staff not only enhances their understanding of training methods but also enables them to provide specialized guidance to patients,improving their vertigo condition.展开更多
BACKGROUND Managing refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss(RSSHL)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)presents significant therapeutic challenges,highlighting the importance of identifying effective treatment s...BACKGROUND Managing refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss(RSSHL)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)presents significant therapeutic challenges,highlighting the importance of identifying effective treatment strategies.AIM To analyze the therapeutic effectiveness of intratympanic injection plus retroauricular injection for RSSHL complicated with DM.METHODS This study included 84 patients with RSSHL complicated with DM from April 2021 to April 2024,all receiving routine treatment.Participants were categorized into the control group(40 cases),receiving an intratympanic injection of methylprednisolone sodium succinate(MPSS),and the research group(44 cases),treated with retroauricular MPSS injection the next day in addition to the treatment administered in the control group.The efficacy,adverse reactions(tympanic membrane perforation,middle ear infections,burning sensation,vertigo,and tinnitus),blood glucose(BG)[fasting BG(FBG),2-hour postprandial BG(2hPBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)],hearing thresholds at different frequencies(250 Hz,500 Hz,and 1000 Hz),serum biochemical indexes[interleukin(IL)-6,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)],and quality of life assessed by the short-form 36 item health survey(SF-36)were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS The research group demonstrated a markedly higher total effectiveness rate(81.82%vs 60.00%,P=0.027)and a comparable incidence of total adverse reactions than the control group.Further,the research group exhibited notably reduced FBG,2hPBG,HbA1c,IL-6,CRP,and PCT post-treatment(P<0.01),which were lower compared with the pre-treatment levels and the control group(P<0.05),as well as reduced hearing thresholds at different frequencies(250 Hz,500 Hz,and 1000 Hz,P<0.05).Furthermore,the post-treatment SF-36 scores of the research group in terms of energy,social functioning,role functioning,physical functioning,mental health,and overall health were all significantly improved than the pre-treatment levels and the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The above results indicate that intratympanic plus retroauricular injections of MPSS are effective in treating RSSHL complicated with DM without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions,which has a health promotion value.展开更多
Sudden cardiac death(SCD)is one of the most devastating sequelae of myocardial diseases and can be the initial symptom in younger athletes or middle-aged busi-nesspeople.An implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD)p...Sudden cardiac death(SCD)is one of the most devastating sequelae of myocardial diseases and can be the initial symptom in younger athletes or middle-aged busi-nesspeople.An implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD)prevents SCD and dramatically reduces the arrhythmic events in these patients;hence,the risk strati-fication for the SCD is important.In survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest,identification of its etiologies is required to select the appropriate treat-ments following ICD installation.Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is useful for evaluating the morphology and function of the heart and for tissue character-ization,MRI can therefore be used to stratify the risk of SCD associated with various myocardial diseases and leads to primary prevention using ICD.MRI can predict arrhythmic events,which suggest the progression of myocardial damage,following secondary prevention.In this review,we provide a clinical and MRI focused update and MRI protocol for the primary and secondary prevention of SCD.We summarize the contribution and limitations of cardiac MRI for pre-vention SCD using ICD implantation.展开更多
Objectives:Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is a sudden onset condition of unknown etiology,often accompanied by tinnitus and vertigo,significantly affecting patients'quality of life.While some individuals ...Objectives:Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is a sudden onset condition of unknown etiology,often accompanied by tinnitus and vertigo,significantly affecting patients'quality of life.While some individuals experience spontaneous recovery,the unpredictability of treatment outcomes and potential complications pose clinical challenges.Recent studies suggest a potential link between thyroid hormone levels-particularly free triiodothyronine(FT3)and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)-and both the pathogenesis and prognosis of SSNHL.However,the precise mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the correlation between thyroid hormone abnormalities and hearing recovery in SSNHL patients,providing insights to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.Methods:This prospective observational study included 66 SSNHL patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between April 2024 and February 2025.Serum TSH and FT3 levels were measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay,while hearing function was evaluated through pure-tone audiometry following standard guidelines.The“posttreatment hearing gap(PTHG)”was introduced as a quantitative measure of treatment efficacy.All patients received comprehensive treatment,including glucocorticoid therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy,and were classified into effective and ineffective groups based on hearing recovery outcomes.Results:No significant differences in gender or comorbidities(tinnitus,ear fullness,dizziness)were observed between the abnormal thyroid function group(n=45)and the normal thyroid function group(n=21)(all p>0.05).Similarly,initial TSH and FT3 levels did not differ significantly among patients with varying degrees of hearing impairment(mild,moderate,severe)(p>0.05).However,during treatment,ΔFT3 demonstrated a significant negative correlation with PTHG(r=-0.739,p=0.002),suggesting that a greater increase inΔFT3 is associated with improved hearing recovery.Additionally,TSH levels showed a significant positive correlation withΔFT3(p<0.05).Conclusions:Abnormal thyroid function in SSNHL patients was not associated with the severity of hearing loss.However,dynamic changes in FT3 during treatment showed a significant correlation with therapeutic efficacy,suggesting that monitoringΔFT3 may have clinical value in prognostic assessment.Nonetheless,this study had a limited sample size,and the potential influence of hormone therapy on thyroid function was not accounted for.Therefore,the role of thyroid hormones in SSNHL warrants further validation through large-scale prospective studies and mechanistic investigations.展开更多
Background Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is a rapid condition of hearing impairment,typically occurring over 72 hours and affecting the inner ear or auditory nerve pathways.The etiology of SSNHL remains larg...Background Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is a rapid condition of hearing impairment,typically occurring over 72 hours and affecting the inner ear or auditory nerve pathways.The etiology of SSNHL remains largely idiopathic,with potential causes including viral infections,vascular occlusions,and autoimmune disorders.Traditional treatment primarily involves systemic corticosteroids,but their efficacy is inconsistent,leading to exploring alternative and adjunctive therapies such as intratympanic steroid(ITS)injections.Objective This Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis intends to determine the effectiveness of ITS injections as an initial treatment,combined therapy,or salvage treatment for SSNHL compared to systemic steroids alone.Methods An inclusive study was performed through the PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library databases,encompassing publications published from 2015 to 2024.Case-control studies,cohort studies,randomized controlled trials(RCTs),and systematic reviews were included.Two separate reviewers read the studies and extracted data on steroid administration methods,study outcomes,and risk of bias(ROB)using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool and RevMan 5.4.Results The review included 12 studies with varied designs,including prospective RCTs,systematic reviews,and retrospective analyses.Combined ITS and systemic steroid therapy showed superior hearing recovery compared to systemic steroids alone in several studies.ITS alone demonstrated variable efficacy,with some studies indicating benefits,particularly as a salvage therapy.ROB assessment revealed variability in methodological rigor,with studies like those of Li&Ding et al.(2020)and Devantier et al.(2022)showing low risk,while others exhibited higher risks,particularly in random sequence generation and allocation concealment.Conclusion The findings suggest that ITS injections,particularly when combined with systemic steroids,can enhance hearing recovery in SSNHL patients.However,variability in study outcomes and methodological quality underscores the need for standardized protocols and further high-quality RCTs.This analysis underscores the prospective advantages of ITS therapy while stressing the need for stringent study designs to enhance SSNHL treatment methodologies.展开更多
Quantum interferometric power(IP), a discordlike measure, plays an important role in quantum metrology. We study the dynamics of IP for two-qubit X-shape states under different noisy environments. Our study shows that...Quantum interferometric power(IP), a discordlike measure, plays an important role in quantum metrology. We study the dynamics of IP for two-qubit X-shape states under different noisy environments. Our study shows that IP exhibits sudden change, and one side quantum channel is enough for the occurrence of a sudden change of IP. In particular, we show that the initial state having no sudden change of quantum discord exhibits a sudden change of IP under the dynamics of amplitude noise, but the converse is not true. Besides, we also investigate the dynamics of IP under two different kinds of composite noises. Our results also confirm that sudden change of IP occurs under such composite noises.展开更多
BACKGROUND Managing sudden deafness(SD)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)is partic-ularly challenging due to the heightened risk of adverse effects associated with systemic drug administration.This study explores ...BACKGROUND Managing sudden deafness(SD)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)is partic-ularly challenging due to the heightened risk of adverse effects associated with systemic drug administration.This study explores the potential of retroauricular subperiosteal injection as a localized drug delivery method for a more effective and safe treatment.AIM To compare the efficacy of retroauricular subperiosteal injection vs systemic intravenous glucocorticoid(GC)administration for SD in patients with DM and assess the effects on blood glucose levels.METHODS A total of 128 cases of type 2 DM(T2DM)with SD diagnosed and treated in Zibo Central Hospital from February 2021 to July 2023 were divided into two groups:An observation group(66 cases receiving retroauricular subperiosteal injection of methylprednisolone)and a control group(62 cases receiving systemic intravenous administration of methylprednisolone).The two groups were compared in terms of therapeutic efficacy,hearing recovery,blood glucose level changes,and incidence of adverse reactions.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting therapeutic efficacy.RESULTS The observation group showed a significantly higher total effective rate(90.91%)compared with the control group(75.81%,P<0.05).Additionally,pure-tone hearing threshold,fasting plasma glucose,and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose were significantly lower in the observation group compared with the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was also lower in the observation group than in the control group(7.58%vs 22.58%,P<0.05).A T2DM course longer than 5 years and systemic intravenous GC administration were identified as independent risk factors for treatment inefficacy(P<0.05).INTRODUCTION Sudden deafness(SD)is a clinical emergency characterized by rapid-onset hearing loss that is often accompanied by clinical symptoms such as tinnitus and vertigo[1].Although its pathogenesis remains unclear,it is supposedly associated with factors,including inner ear microcirculation disorders,autoimmune diseases,and viral infections[2,3].Patients with diabetes are particularly susceptible to microvascular complications due to poor long-term glycemic control,affecting the ear’s microcirculation,subsequently increasing the risk of SD[4].Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),a chronic metabolic disease,causes multiple microvascular damages throughout the body,complicating SD treatment in patients with diabetes[5,6].Inner ear microcirculation disturbances in patients with diabetes may exacerbate the risk of SD,and its pathological process may be related to vascular endothelial dysfunction,inflammatory reactions,and hemorrhological changes caused by diabetes mellitus(DM)[7].Current SD treatments include glucocorticoids(GCs),vasodilators,and hyperbaric oxygen therapy[8].GCs are widely used due to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects[9].However,systemic GCs may cause blood glucose(BG)fluctuations and even increase the risk of complications in patients with DM,limiting their clinical use in this population[10].Therefore,there is a compelling and immediate need for a local alternative solution that minimally affects the metabolic mechanisms.In recent years,retroauricular subperiosteal injection has emerged as a localized administration modality for treating SD[11].This method allows drugs to directly act on the inner ear,avoiding the side effects of systemic administration and having a minor impact on BG levels,providing a potentially effective treatment for patients with diabetes[12].However,there is limited clinical evidence to compare the efficacy and glycaemic effects of retroauricular subperiosteal injection vs systemic intravenous GC administration in patients with SD and diabetes.This study aimed to explore the efficacy of retroauricular subperiosteal injection and systemic intravenous GC administration for treating patients with SD and DM and their effects on BG,providing a safer and more effective clinical treatment approach.展开更多
Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage(SSAH)is a relatively uncommon but significant cause of acute and progressive neurological impairment.It represents less than 1.5%of all instances of bleeding within the subarachnoid spac...Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage(SSAH)is a relatively uncommon but significant cause of acute and progressive neurological impairment.It represents less than 1.5%of all instances of bleeding within the subarachnoid space.[1]The early stages of SSAH often present atypical clinical symptoms,making diagnosis challenging and potentially leading to treatment delays,which further result in irreversible neurological damage.Lower back pain is a common complaint in the emergency department(ED).[2]Common causes include overuse resulting in back strain.展开更多
Protected vegetable production made the traditional agriculture gradually get rid of the shackles of nature, broke the seasonal traditional agriculture and realized the anti season list of agricultural products. While...Protected vegetable production made the traditional agriculture gradually get rid of the shackles of nature, broke the seasonal traditional agriculture and realized the anti season list of agricultural products. While protected vegetables often encountered sudden disasters in production and were restricted with the conditions of low temperature and weak light. Aimed at the sudden disasters of protected vegetable production in Hebei Province,the countermeasures for disaster prevention and control were put forward from the aspects of variety selection, seedling treatment technology,grafting technique,cultivation and management,flower and fruit retention technology,application of exogenous substance,rational fertilization,transgenic technology and so on,in order to reduce production risks and cut loss,realize that protected vegetable production is safe,good-quality and efficient.展开更多
Objective To compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on the different frequency hearing damages for the patients with sudden deafness between the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicin...Objective To compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on the different frequency hearing damages for the patients with sudden deafness between the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicine and the simple western medicine comprehensive therapy. Methods Fifty-eight cases were randomized into an acupuncture plus medication group （28 cases, 32 damaged ears） and a western medicine group （30 cases, 34 damaged ears）. In the acupuncture plus medication group, the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicine was used. The main points were ěrmén （耳门 TE 21）, Tīnggōng （听宫 SI 19）, Tīnghuì （听会 GB 2）, Yìfēng （翳风 TE 17）, etc. The western medicine therapy was the comprehensive treatment with vasodilators, the medicines for promoting nerve function and releasing inner ear edema and hyperbaric oxygen. In the western medicine group, the western medicine comprehensive therapy was adopted. 10-day treatment made one session. Two sessions of treatment were required. In 1 or 2 sessions of treatment, the efficacy was observed, the electric audiometry was evaluated. Additionally, the blood routine and liver and kidney functions were detected. Results The total effective rate was 50.0% （16/32） in the acupuncture ＋ medication group and was 55.9% （19/34） in the western medicine group. The efficacies were similar between the two groups （P〉0.05）. In 1 and 2 sessions of treatment, at 250 Hz, 500 Hz and 1 kHz, the electric audiometry values in either group were recovered significantly as compared with those before treatment （all P〈0.01）. At 2 kHz, in 1 and 2 sessions of treatment, the improvements of the electric audiometry values were significant as compared with those before treatment in the acupuncture plus medication group separately （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. At 4 kHz, the differences were not significant statistically before and after treatment in either group （all P〉0.05）. There were no abnormalities in the blood routine and liver and kidney function detections before and after treatment in either group. Conclusion Either the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicine or the simple western medicine comprehensive therapy is effective in the treatment of low frequency hearing damage of sudden deafness. Either of them has no effect on high frequency hearing damage. But for the middle frequency hearing damage, the efficacy of the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicine is superior to that of the simple western medicine comprehensive therapy.展开更多
From the viewpoint of quantum information, this paper proposes a concept and a definition of the atomic optimal entropy squeezing sudden generation （AOESSG） for the system of an effective two-level moving atom which...From the viewpoint of quantum information, this paper proposes a concept and a definition of the atomic optimal entropy squeezing sudden generation （AOESSG） for the system of an effective two-level moving atom which entangles with the two-mode coherent fields. It also researches the relationship between the AOESSG and entanglement sudden death of the atom-fields, and discusses the influences of atomic initial state on the AOESSG and obtains the system parameter which controls the AOESSG.展开更多
The present study analyzed a patient with epilepsy due to chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface underwent sudden cardiac arrest. Paradoxical brain discharge, which occurred prior to epileptic seizures, induced ...The present study analyzed a patient with epilepsy due to chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface underwent sudden cardiac arrest. Paradoxical brain discharge, which occurred prior to epileptic seizures, induced a sudden cardiac arrest. However, when the focal brain pressure was relieved, cardiac arrest disappeared. A 27-year-old male patient underwent pre-surgical ram monitoring for 160 hours. During monitoring, secondary tonic-clonic seizures occurred five times. A burst of paradoxical brain discharges occurred at 2-19 seconds （mean 8 seconds） prior to epileptic seizures. After 2-3 seconds, sudden cardiac arrest occurred and lasted for 12-22 seconds （average 16 seconds）. The heart rate subsequently returned to a normal rate. Results revealed arachnoid pachymenia and adhesions, as well as mucus on the focal cerebral surface, combined with poor circulation and increased pressure, lntracranial electrodes were placed using surgical methods. Following removal of the arachnoid adhesions and mucus on the local cerebral surface, paradoxical brain discharge and epileptic seizures occurred three times, but sudden cardiac arrest was not recorded during 150-hour monitoring. Post-surgical histological examination indicated meningitis. Experimental findings suggested that paradoxical brain discharge led to cardiac arrest instead of epileptic seizures; the insult was associated with chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface, which subsequently led to hypertension and poor blood circulation in focal cerebral areas.展开更多
Coronary artery anomaly is known as one of the causes of angina pectoris and sudden death and is an important clinical entity that cannot be overlooked.The incidence of coronary artery anomalies is as low as 1%-2%of t...Coronary artery anomaly is known as one of the causes of angina pectoris and sudden death and is an important clinical entity that cannot be overlooked.The incidence of coronary artery anomalies is as low as 1%-2%of the general population,even when the various types are combined.Coronary anomalies are practically challenging when the left and right coronary ostium are not found around their normal positions during coronary angiography with a catheter.If there is atherosclerotic stenosis of the coronary artery with an anomaly and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)is required,the suitability of the guiding catheter at the entrance and the adequate back up force of the guiding catheter are issues.The level of PCI risk itself should also be considered on a caseby-case basis.In this case,emission computed tomography in the R-1 subtype single coronary artery proved that ischemia occurred in an area where the coronary artery was not visible to the naked eye.Meticulous follow-up would be crucial,because sudden death may occur in single coronary arteries.To prevent atherosclerosis with full efforts is also important,as the authors indicated admirably.展开更多
By analyzing the linkage of the Northern Annular Mode （NAM） anomaly to the East Asian jet and the East Asian trough during Stratospheric Sudden Warming （SSW）, the influence of SSW on East Asian weather is studied....By analyzing the linkage of the Northern Annular Mode （NAM） anomaly to the East Asian jet and the East Asian trough during Stratospheric Sudden Warming （SSW）, the influence of SSW on East Asian weather is studied. The results show that the East Asian jet is strengthened and the East Asian trough is deepened during SSW. With the downward propagation of SSW, the strengthened East Asian jet and the East Asian trough would move southward, expand westward and gradually influence the area of north and northeastern China. This implies that the winter monsoon tends to be enhanced over East Asia during SSW.展开更多
Early repolarization syndrome(ERS), demonstrated as J-point elevation on an electrocardiograph, was formerly thought to be a benign entity, but the recent studies have demonstrated that it can be linked to a considera...Early repolarization syndrome(ERS), demonstrated as J-point elevation on an electrocardiograph, was formerly thought to be a benign entity, but the recent studies have demonstrated that it can be linked to a considerable risk of life- threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death(SCD). Early repolarization characteristics associated with SCD include high-amplitude J-point elevation, horizontal and/or downslopping ST segments, and inferior and/or lateral leads location. The prevalence of ERS varies between 3% and 24%, depending on age, sex and J-point elevation(0.05 m V vs 0.1 m V) being the main determinants.ERS patients are sporadic and they are at a higher risk of having recurrent cardiac events. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation and isoproterenol are the suggested therapies in this set of patients. On the other hand, asymptomatic patients with ERS are common and have a better prognosis. The risk stratification in asymptomatic patients with ERS still remains a grey area. This review provides an outline of the up-to-date evidence associated with ERS and the risk of life- threatening arrhythmias. Further prospective studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmogenesis in patients with ERS.展开更多
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is an enigmatic entity,with obscure pathophysiology and debatable efficacy of the treatment agents used.An underlying cause is identified in only 10-15%of cases.The management o...Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is an enigmatic entity,with obscure pathophysiology and debatable efficacy of the treatment agents used.An underlying cause is identified in only 10-15%of cases.The management of the remaining patients,classified as‘idiopathic’,is empirical,and is conventionally with systemic steroids,vasodilator therapy,rheological agents,and antioxidants,to list a few amongst the host of the agents employed for the treatment.The availability of conflicting outcomes and lack of conclusive evidence has resulted in the propagation of consensus-based treatment protocols.In the present review,we discuss the various controversial issues and newer developments in the management of idiopathic SSNHL.The current review aims to present a narrative outlook of the updated evidence base available from PUBMED,augmented with relevant designated publications.展开更多
Objective Hyperbaric oxygen treatment(HBOT)has demonstrated efficacy in improving hearing levels of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss(ISSHL);however,the underlying mechanisms are not well unde...Objective Hyperbaric oxygen treatment(HBOT)has demonstrated efficacy in improving hearing levels of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss(ISSHL);however,the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.HBOT alleviates the inflammatory response,which is mediated by Toll-like receptor(TLR)4 and nuclear factor(NF)-κB.In this study we investigated whether HBOT attenuates inflammation in ISHHL patients via alteration of TLR4 and NF-κB expression.Methods ISHHL patients(n=120)and healthy control subjects(n=20)were enrolled in this study.Patients were randomly divided into medicine group treated with medicine only(n=60)and HBO group receiving both HBOT and medicine(n=60).Audiometric testing was performed pre-and posttreatment.TLR4,NF-кB,and TNF-αexpression in peripheral blood of ISSHL patients and healthy control subjects was assessed by ELISA before and after treatment.Results TLR4,NF-κB,and TNF-αlevels were upregulated in ISSHL patients relative to healthy control subjects;the levels were decreased following treatment and were lower in the HBO group than that in the medicine group post-treatment(P<0.05 and P<0.01).Conclusion HBOT alleviates hearing loss in ISSHL patients by suppressing the inflammatory response induced by TLR4 and NF-κB signaling.展开更多
Acute sensorineural hearing loss is an uncommon phenomenon in dentistry.We describe the case of a 79-year-old male who presented with acute sensorineural hearing loss occurring 2 days after a tooth extraction procedur...Acute sensorineural hearing loss is an uncommon phenomenon in dentistry.We describe the case of a 79-year-old male who presented with acute sensorineural hearing loss occurring 2 days after a tooth extraction procedure under local anesthesia.Possible mechanisms are discussed.He was treated with vasodilators(Ginaton and Alprostadil Injection)and Mecobalamin injection with benefit.High dose oral steroids(1 mg/kg)and low molecular weight dextran were used.展开更多
We report an acute case of a native man from Bolivia suffered from cephalalgia which rapidly worsened and ended in his sudden and unexpected death.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain was obtained.Features dem...We report an acute case of a native man from Bolivia suffered from cephalalgia which rapidly worsened and ended in his sudden and unexpected death.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain was obtained.Features demonstrated on brain MRI scan were consistent with a diagnosis of neurocysticercosis(NCC).An autopsy showed the presence of intraventricular Taenia solium(T.solium) cysts which caused blockage of cerebrospinal fluid and secondary hydrocephalus.Due to the increasing travel movements of people neurocysticercosis must be considered as a cause of unexplained sudden death.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Aseptic meningitis is defined as meningeal inflammation caused by various etio-logies with negative cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)bacterial culture.The most common etiologies are viruses[enteroviruses,arboviruses,and herpes simplex virus type 2(HSV-2)].Aseptic meningitis can have various presentations,including sensori-neural deafness.While sensorineural deafness from mumps meningoencephalitis has been reported,cases of HSV-2-induced hearing loss are rare.Herein,we re-port a case of HSV-2-induced meningitis that presented with sudden deafness.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old man experienced a profound sudden onset of left-sided hearing loss for one day.Pure-tone audiograms demonstrated sudden left-sided sensorineural hearing loss(thresholds 80-90 dB).After treatment with high-dose steroids for 1 week,he experienced an acute consciousness change with left hemiparesis.The laboratory data showed no significant abnormalities.Brain computed tomography without contrast and magnetic resonance imaging revealed no intracranial hemo-rrhage or obvious brain lesion.The CSF analysis and the Multiplex PCR panels showed HSV-2 positivity.Hence,under the diagnosis of herpes meningoenceph-alitis,acyclovir was prescribed and his symptoms gradually resolved.CONCLUSION This case report further demonstrates that a viral infection could be a cause of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
文摘Objective:To analyze the necessity and effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation training instruction in the treatment of sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo.Methods:Sixty medical staff who learned the treatment methods for sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo(vestibular rehabilitation training)from January 2024 to February 2025 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups according to the time of study:the control group,who participated in the training teaching first,and the observation group,who participated later.Each group had 30 people.The control group received conventional training,while the observation group underwent continuous quality improvement.The effects and assessment results of different teaching methods were compared.Results:The theoretical and practical assessment scores of medical staff in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(p<0.05);the satisfaction of medical staff in the observation group with the teaching mode was higher than that in the control group(p<0.05).Conclusion:Vestibular rehabilitation training has significant effects on sudden deafness accompanied by vertigo.Training medical staff not only enhances their understanding of training methods but also enables them to provide specialized guidance to patients,improving their vertigo condition.
基金Supported by 2023 Science and Technology Innovation Program(Key Laboratory of Sleep Respiratory Disorders)in Huai'an,No.HAP202304。
文摘BACKGROUND Managing refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss(RSSHL)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)presents significant therapeutic challenges,highlighting the importance of identifying effective treatment strategies.AIM To analyze the therapeutic effectiveness of intratympanic injection plus retroauricular injection for RSSHL complicated with DM.METHODS This study included 84 patients with RSSHL complicated with DM from April 2021 to April 2024,all receiving routine treatment.Participants were categorized into the control group(40 cases),receiving an intratympanic injection of methylprednisolone sodium succinate(MPSS),and the research group(44 cases),treated with retroauricular MPSS injection the next day in addition to the treatment administered in the control group.The efficacy,adverse reactions(tympanic membrane perforation,middle ear infections,burning sensation,vertigo,and tinnitus),blood glucose(BG)[fasting BG(FBG),2-hour postprandial BG(2hPBG),and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)],hearing thresholds at different frequencies(250 Hz,500 Hz,and 1000 Hz),serum biochemical indexes[interleukin(IL)-6,C-reactive protein(CRP),and procalcitonin(PCT)],and quality of life assessed by the short-form 36 item health survey(SF-36)were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS The research group demonstrated a markedly higher total effectiveness rate(81.82%vs 60.00%,P=0.027)and a comparable incidence of total adverse reactions than the control group.Further,the research group exhibited notably reduced FBG,2hPBG,HbA1c,IL-6,CRP,and PCT post-treatment(P<0.01),which were lower compared with the pre-treatment levels and the control group(P<0.05),as well as reduced hearing thresholds at different frequencies(250 Hz,500 Hz,and 1000 Hz,P<0.05).Furthermore,the post-treatment SF-36 scores of the research group in terms of energy,social functioning,role functioning,physical functioning,mental health,and overall health were all significantly improved than the pre-treatment levels and the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The above results indicate that intratympanic plus retroauricular injections of MPSS are effective in treating RSSHL complicated with DM without increasing the incidence of adverse reactions,which has a health promotion value.
文摘Sudden cardiac death(SCD)is one of the most devastating sequelae of myocardial diseases and can be the initial symptom in younger athletes or middle-aged busi-nesspeople.An implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD)prevents SCD and dramatically reduces the arrhythmic events in these patients;hence,the risk strati-fication for the SCD is important.In survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest,identification of its etiologies is required to select the appropriate treat-ments following ICD installation.Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is useful for evaluating the morphology and function of the heart and for tissue character-ization,MRI can therefore be used to stratify the risk of SCD associated with various myocardial diseases and leads to primary prevention using ICD.MRI can predict arrhythmic events,which suggest the progression of myocardial damage,following secondary prevention.In this review,we provide a clinical and MRI focused update and MRI protocol for the primary and secondary prevention of SCD.We summarize the contribution and limitations of cardiac MRI for pre-vention SCD using ICD implantation.
文摘Objectives:Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is a sudden onset condition of unknown etiology,often accompanied by tinnitus and vertigo,significantly affecting patients'quality of life.While some individuals experience spontaneous recovery,the unpredictability of treatment outcomes and potential complications pose clinical challenges.Recent studies suggest a potential link between thyroid hormone levels-particularly free triiodothyronine(FT3)and thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)-and both the pathogenesis and prognosis of SSNHL.However,the precise mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to investigate the correlation between thyroid hormone abnormalities and hearing recovery in SSNHL patients,providing insights to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.Methods:This prospective observational study included 66 SSNHL patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between April 2024 and February 2025.Serum TSH and FT3 levels were measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay,while hearing function was evaluated through pure-tone audiometry following standard guidelines.The“posttreatment hearing gap(PTHG)”was introduced as a quantitative measure of treatment efficacy.All patients received comprehensive treatment,including glucocorticoid therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy,and were classified into effective and ineffective groups based on hearing recovery outcomes.Results:No significant differences in gender or comorbidities(tinnitus,ear fullness,dizziness)were observed between the abnormal thyroid function group(n=45)and the normal thyroid function group(n=21)(all p>0.05).Similarly,initial TSH and FT3 levels did not differ significantly among patients with varying degrees of hearing impairment(mild,moderate,severe)(p>0.05).However,during treatment,ΔFT3 demonstrated a significant negative correlation with PTHG(r=-0.739,p=0.002),suggesting that a greater increase inΔFT3 is associated with improved hearing recovery.Additionally,TSH levels showed a significant positive correlation withΔFT3(p<0.05).Conclusions:Abnormal thyroid function in SSNHL patients was not associated with the severity of hearing loss.However,dynamic changes in FT3 during treatment showed a significant correlation with therapeutic efficacy,suggesting that monitoringΔFT3 may have clinical value in prognostic assessment.Nonetheless,this study had a limited sample size,and the potential influence of hormone therapy on thyroid function was not accounted for.Therefore,the role of thyroid hormones in SSNHL warrants further validation through large-scale prospective studies and mechanistic investigations.
文摘Background Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is a rapid condition of hearing impairment,typically occurring over 72 hours and affecting the inner ear or auditory nerve pathways.The etiology of SSNHL remains largely idiopathic,with potential causes including viral infections,vascular occlusions,and autoimmune disorders.Traditional treatment primarily involves systemic corticosteroids,but their efficacy is inconsistent,leading to exploring alternative and adjunctive therapies such as intratympanic steroid(ITS)injections.Objective This Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis intends to determine the effectiveness of ITS injections as an initial treatment,combined therapy,or salvage treatment for SSNHL compared to systemic steroids alone.Methods An inclusive study was performed through the PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library databases,encompassing publications published from 2015 to 2024.Case-control studies,cohort studies,randomized controlled trials(RCTs),and systematic reviews were included.Two separate reviewers read the studies and extracted data on steroid administration methods,study outcomes,and risk of bias(ROB)using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool and RevMan 5.4.Results The review included 12 studies with varied designs,including prospective RCTs,systematic reviews,and retrospective analyses.Combined ITS and systemic steroid therapy showed superior hearing recovery compared to systemic steroids alone in several studies.ITS alone demonstrated variable efficacy,with some studies indicating benefits,particularly as a salvage therapy.ROB assessment revealed variability in methodological rigor,with studies like those of Li&Ding et al.(2020)and Devantier et al.(2022)showing low risk,while others exhibited higher risks,particularly in random sequence generation and allocation concealment.Conclusion The findings suggest that ITS injections,particularly when combined with systemic steroids,can enhance hearing recovery in SSNHL patients.However,variability in study outcomes and methodological quality underscores the need for standardized protocols and further high-quality RCTs.This analysis underscores the prospective advantages of ITS therapy while stressing the need for stringent study designs to enhance SSNHL treatment methodologies.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (Grant Nos. 11675119,12275136,and 12075001)the Nankai Zhide Foundations。
文摘Quantum interferometric power(IP), a discordlike measure, plays an important role in quantum metrology. We study the dynamics of IP for two-qubit X-shape states under different noisy environments. Our study shows that IP exhibits sudden change, and one side quantum channel is enough for the occurrence of a sudden change of IP. In particular, we show that the initial state having no sudden change of quantum discord exhibits a sudden change of IP under the dynamics of amplitude noise, but the converse is not true. Besides, we also investigate the dynamics of IP under two different kinds of composite noises. Our results also confirm that sudden change of IP occurs under such composite noises.
文摘BACKGROUND Managing sudden deafness(SD)in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)is partic-ularly challenging due to the heightened risk of adverse effects associated with systemic drug administration.This study explores the potential of retroauricular subperiosteal injection as a localized drug delivery method for a more effective and safe treatment.AIM To compare the efficacy of retroauricular subperiosteal injection vs systemic intravenous glucocorticoid(GC)administration for SD in patients with DM and assess the effects on blood glucose levels.METHODS A total of 128 cases of type 2 DM(T2DM)with SD diagnosed and treated in Zibo Central Hospital from February 2021 to July 2023 were divided into two groups:An observation group(66 cases receiving retroauricular subperiosteal injection of methylprednisolone)and a control group(62 cases receiving systemic intravenous administration of methylprednisolone).The two groups were compared in terms of therapeutic efficacy,hearing recovery,blood glucose level changes,and incidence of adverse reactions.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting therapeutic efficacy.RESULTS The observation group showed a significantly higher total effective rate(90.91%)compared with the control group(75.81%,P<0.05).Additionally,pure-tone hearing threshold,fasting plasma glucose,and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose were significantly lower in the observation group compared with the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was also lower in the observation group than in the control group(7.58%vs 22.58%,P<0.05).A T2DM course longer than 5 years and systemic intravenous GC administration were identified as independent risk factors for treatment inefficacy(P<0.05).INTRODUCTION Sudden deafness(SD)is a clinical emergency characterized by rapid-onset hearing loss that is often accompanied by clinical symptoms such as tinnitus and vertigo[1].Although its pathogenesis remains unclear,it is supposedly associated with factors,including inner ear microcirculation disorders,autoimmune diseases,and viral infections[2,3].Patients with diabetes are particularly susceptible to microvascular complications due to poor long-term glycemic control,affecting the ear’s microcirculation,subsequently increasing the risk of SD[4].Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),a chronic metabolic disease,causes multiple microvascular damages throughout the body,complicating SD treatment in patients with diabetes[5,6].Inner ear microcirculation disturbances in patients with diabetes may exacerbate the risk of SD,and its pathological process may be related to vascular endothelial dysfunction,inflammatory reactions,and hemorrhological changes caused by diabetes mellitus(DM)[7].Current SD treatments include glucocorticoids(GCs),vasodilators,and hyperbaric oxygen therapy[8].GCs are widely used due to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects[9].However,systemic GCs may cause blood glucose(BG)fluctuations and even increase the risk of complications in patients with DM,limiting their clinical use in this population[10].Therefore,there is a compelling and immediate need for a local alternative solution that minimally affects the metabolic mechanisms.In recent years,retroauricular subperiosteal injection has emerged as a localized administration modality for treating SD[11].This method allows drugs to directly act on the inner ear,avoiding the side effects of systemic administration and having a minor impact on BG levels,providing a potentially effective treatment for patients with diabetes[12].However,there is limited clinical evidence to compare the efficacy and glycaemic effects of retroauricular subperiosteal injection vs systemic intravenous GC administration in patients with SD and diabetes.This study aimed to explore the efficacy of retroauricular subperiosteal injection and systemic intravenous GC administration for treating patients with SD and DM and their effects on BG,providing a safer and more effective clinical treatment approach.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(82472218)National Key Clinical Specialist Construction Project(Z155080000004)+4 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFC3044400)Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0506502)the Science and Technology of Shanghai Committee(23Y31900100)Shen Kang Hospital Development Center Project for Technical Standardization Management and Promotion(SHDC22023239)Key Supporting Discipline of Shanghai Healthcare System(2023ZDFC0102).
文摘Spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage(SSAH)is a relatively uncommon but significant cause of acute and progressive neurological impairment.It represents less than 1.5%of all instances of bleeding within the subarachnoid space.[1]The early stages of SSAH often present atypical clinical symptoms,making diagnosis challenging and potentially leading to treatment delays,which further result in irreversible neurological damage.Lower back pain is a common complaint in the emergency department(ED).[2]Common causes include overuse resulting in back strain.
文摘Protected vegetable production made the traditional agriculture gradually get rid of the shackles of nature, broke the seasonal traditional agriculture and realized the anti season list of agricultural products. While protected vegetables often encountered sudden disasters in production and were restricted with the conditions of low temperature and weak light. Aimed at the sudden disasters of protected vegetable production in Hebei Province,the countermeasures for disaster prevention and control were put forward from the aspects of variety selection, seedling treatment technology,grafting technique,cultivation and management,flower and fruit retention technology,application of exogenous substance,rational fertilization,transgenic technology and so on,in order to reduce production risks and cut loss,realize that protected vegetable production is safe,good-quality and efficient.
文摘Objective To compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on the different frequency hearing damages for the patients with sudden deafness between the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicine and the simple western medicine comprehensive therapy. Methods Fifty-eight cases were randomized into an acupuncture plus medication group （28 cases, 32 damaged ears） and a western medicine group （30 cases, 34 damaged ears）. In the acupuncture plus medication group, the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicine was used. The main points were ěrmén （耳门 TE 21）, Tīnggōng （听宫 SI 19）, Tīnghuì （听会 GB 2）, Yìfēng （翳风 TE 17）, etc. The western medicine therapy was the comprehensive treatment with vasodilators, the medicines for promoting nerve function and releasing inner ear edema and hyperbaric oxygen. In the western medicine group, the western medicine comprehensive therapy was adopted. 10-day treatment made one session. Two sessions of treatment were required. In 1 or 2 sessions of treatment, the efficacy was observed, the electric audiometry was evaluated. Additionally, the blood routine and liver and kidney functions were detected. Results The total effective rate was 50.0% （16/32） in the acupuncture ＋ medication group and was 55.9% （19/34） in the western medicine group. The efficacies were similar between the two groups （P〉0.05）. In 1 and 2 sessions of treatment, at 250 Hz, 500 Hz and 1 kHz, the electric audiometry values in either group were recovered significantly as compared with those before treatment （all P〈0.01）. At 2 kHz, in 1 and 2 sessions of treatment, the improvements of the electric audiometry values were significant as compared with those before treatment in the acupuncture plus medication group separately （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. At 4 kHz, the differences were not significant statistically before and after treatment in either group （all P〉0.05）. There were no abnormalities in the blood routine and liver and kidney function detections before and after treatment in either group. Conclusion Either the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicine or the simple western medicine comprehensive therapy is effective in the treatment of low frequency hearing damage of sudden deafness. Either of them has no effect on high frequency hearing damage. But for the middle frequency hearing damage, the efficacy of the comprehensive therapy of electroacupuncture and western medicine is superior to that of the simple western medicine comprehensive therapy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 19874020)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China (Grant No 09JJ3012)the Scientific Research Fund of the Education Department of Hunan Province of China (Grant No 07c543)
文摘From the viewpoint of quantum information, this paper proposes a concept and a definition of the atomic optimal entropy squeezing sudden generation （AOESSG） for the system of an effective two-level moving atom which entangles with the two-mode coherent fields. It also researches the relationship between the AOESSG and entanglement sudden death of the atom-fields, and discusses the influences of atomic initial state on the AOESSG and obtains the system parameter which controls the AOESSG.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province, No. 2009011057-2
文摘The present study analyzed a patient with epilepsy due to chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface underwent sudden cardiac arrest. Paradoxical brain discharge, which occurred prior to epileptic seizures, induced a sudden cardiac arrest. However, when the focal brain pressure was relieved, cardiac arrest disappeared. A 27-year-old male patient underwent pre-surgical ram monitoring for 160 hours. During monitoring, secondary tonic-clonic seizures occurred five times. A burst of paradoxical brain discharges occurred at 2-19 seconds （mean 8 seconds） prior to epileptic seizures. After 2-3 seconds, sudden cardiac arrest occurred and lasted for 12-22 seconds （average 16 seconds）. The heart rate subsequently returned to a normal rate. Results revealed arachnoid pachymenia and adhesions, as well as mucus on the focal cerebral surface, combined with poor circulation and increased pressure, lntracranial electrodes were placed using surgical methods. Following removal of the arachnoid adhesions and mucus on the local cerebral surface, paradoxical brain discharge and epileptic seizures occurred three times, but sudden cardiac arrest was not recorded during 150-hour monitoring. Post-surgical histological examination indicated meningitis. Experimental findings suggested that paradoxical brain discharge led to cardiac arrest instead of epileptic seizures; the insult was associated with chronic inflammation on the cerebral surface, which subsequently led to hypertension and poor blood circulation in focal cerebral areas.
文摘Coronary artery anomaly is known as one of the causes of angina pectoris and sudden death and is an important clinical entity that cannot be overlooked.The incidence of coronary artery anomalies is as low as 1%-2%of the general population,even when the various types are combined.Coronary anomalies are practically challenging when the left and right coronary ostium are not found around their normal positions during coronary angiography with a catheter.If there is atherosclerotic stenosis of the coronary artery with an anomaly and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)is required,the suitability of the guiding catheter at the entrance and the adequate back up force of the guiding catheter are issues.The level of PCI risk itself should also be considered on a caseby-case basis.In this case,emission computed tomography in the R-1 subtype single coronary artery proved that ischemia occurred in an area where the coronary artery was not visible to the naked eye.Meticulous follow-up would be crucial,because sudden death may occur in single coronary arteries.To prevent atherosclerosis with full efforts is also important,as the authors indicated admirably.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 40633015).
文摘By analyzing the linkage of the Northern Annular Mode （NAM） anomaly to the East Asian jet and the East Asian trough during Stratospheric Sudden Warming （SSW）, the influence of SSW on East Asian weather is studied. The results show that the East Asian jet is strengthened and the East Asian trough is deepened during SSW. With the downward propagation of SSW, the strengthened East Asian jet and the East Asian trough would move southward, expand westward and gradually influence the area of north and northeastern China. This implies that the winter monsoon tends to be enhanced over East Asia during SSW.
文摘Early repolarization syndrome(ERS), demonstrated as J-point elevation on an electrocardiograph, was formerly thought to be a benign entity, but the recent studies have demonstrated that it can be linked to a considerable risk of life- threatening arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death(SCD). Early repolarization characteristics associated with SCD include high-amplitude J-point elevation, horizontal and/or downslopping ST segments, and inferior and/or lateral leads location. The prevalence of ERS varies between 3% and 24%, depending on age, sex and J-point elevation(0.05 m V vs 0.1 m V) being the main determinants.ERS patients are sporadic and they are at a higher risk of having recurrent cardiac events. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation and isoproterenol are the suggested therapies in this set of patients. On the other hand, asymptomatic patients with ERS are common and have a better prognosis. The risk stratification in asymptomatic patients with ERS still remains a grey area. This review provides an outline of the up-to-date evidence associated with ERS and the risk of life- threatening arrhythmias. Further prospective studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmogenesis in patients with ERS.
文摘Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)is an enigmatic entity,with obscure pathophysiology and debatable efficacy of the treatment agents used.An underlying cause is identified in only 10-15%of cases.The management of the remaining patients,classified as‘idiopathic’,is empirical,and is conventionally with systemic steroids,vasodilator therapy,rheological agents,and antioxidants,to list a few amongst the host of the agents employed for the treatment.The availability of conflicting outcomes and lack of conclusive evidence has resulted in the propagation of consensus-based treatment protocols.In the present review,we discuss the various controversial issues and newer developments in the management of idiopathic SSNHL.The current review aims to present a narrative outlook of the updated evidence base available from PUBMED,augmented with relevant designated publications.
基金supported by Beijing Science and Technology Special Fund[grants number 2161100000116067]。
文摘Objective Hyperbaric oxygen treatment(HBOT)has demonstrated efficacy in improving hearing levels of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss(ISSHL);however,the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.HBOT alleviates the inflammatory response,which is mediated by Toll-like receptor(TLR)4 and nuclear factor(NF)-κB.In this study we investigated whether HBOT attenuates inflammation in ISHHL patients via alteration of TLR4 and NF-κB expression.Methods ISHHL patients(n=120)and healthy control subjects(n=20)were enrolled in this study.Patients were randomly divided into medicine group treated with medicine only(n=60)and HBO group receiving both HBOT and medicine(n=60).Audiometric testing was performed pre-and posttreatment.TLR4,NF-кB,and TNF-αexpression in peripheral blood of ISSHL patients and healthy control subjects was assessed by ELISA before and after treatment.Results TLR4,NF-κB,and TNF-αlevels were upregulated in ISSHL patients relative to healthy control subjects;the levels were decreased following treatment and were lower in the HBO group than that in the medicine group post-treatment(P<0.05 and P<0.01).Conclusion HBOT alleviates hearing loss in ISSHL patients by suppressing the inflammatory response induced by TLR4 and NF-κB signaling.
基金supported by grants from the Youth cultivation project of military medical science(16QNP133)Medical big data research and development project of PLA general hospital(2018MBD-015)+3 种基金the capital health research and development of special project(2016-1-5014)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81670940,81770991)Financial supports from the Beijing Nova Program(xxjh2015105)clinical support fund of General Hospital of the PLA are acknowledged
文摘Acute sensorineural hearing loss is an uncommon phenomenon in dentistry.We describe the case of a 79-year-old male who presented with acute sensorineural hearing loss occurring 2 days after a tooth extraction procedure under local anesthesia.Possible mechanisms are discussed.He was treated with vasodilators(Ginaton and Alprostadil Injection)and Mecobalamin injection with benefit.High dose oral steroids(1 mg/kg)and low molecular weight dextran were used.
文摘We report an acute case of a native man from Bolivia suffered from cephalalgia which rapidly worsened and ended in his sudden and unexpected death.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain was obtained.Features demonstrated on brain MRI scan were consistent with a diagnosis of neurocysticercosis(NCC).An autopsy showed the presence of intraventricular Taenia solium(T.solium) cysts which caused blockage of cerebrospinal fluid and secondary hydrocephalus.Due to the increasing travel movements of people neurocysticercosis must be considered as a cause of unexplained sudden death.
