In the present study, 7 day postnatal C57/BL6 wild-type mice （hyperoxia group） and 7 day postnatal N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor subtype 3A knockout mice （NR3A KO group） were exposed to 75% oxygen and 15% nitrogen...In the present study, 7 day postnatal C57/BL6 wild-type mice （hyperoxia group） and 7 day postnatal N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor subtype 3A knockout mice （NR3A KO group） were exposed to 75% oxygen and 15% nitrogen in a closed container for 5 days. Wild-type mice raised in normoxia served as controls. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL）/neuron-specific nuclear protein （NeuN） and 5-bromo-2＇-deoxyuridine （BrdU）/NeuN immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of apoptotic cells and the number of proliferative cells in the dentate subgranular zone significantly increased in the hyperoxia group compared with the control group. However, in the same hyperoxia environment, the number of apoptotic cells and the number of proliferative cells significantly decreased in the NR3A KO group compared with hyperoxia group. TUNEL＋/NeuN＋ and BrdU＋/NeuN~ cells were observed in the NR3A KO and the hyperoxia groups. These results demonstrated that the NR3A gene can promote cell apoptosis and mediate the potential damage in the developing brain induced by exposure to non-physiologically high concentrations of oxygen.展开更多
In peripheral artery disease patients,the blood supply directed to the lower limbs is reduced.This results in severe limb ischemia and thereby enhances pain sensitivity in lower limbs.The painful perception is induced...In peripheral artery disease patients,the blood supply directed to the lower limbs is reduced.This results in severe limb ischemia and thereby enhances pain sensitivity in lower limbs.The painful perception is induced and exaggerate during walking,and is relieved by rest.This symptom is termed by intermittent claudication.The limb ischemia also amplifies autonomic responses during exercise.In the process of pain and autonomic responses originating exercising muscle,a number of receptors in afferent nerves sense ischemic changes and send signals to the central nervous system leading to autonomic responses.This review integrates recent study results in terms of perspectives including how nerve growth factor affects muscle sensory nerve receptors in peripheral artery disease and thereby alters responses of sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure to active muscle.For the sensory nerve receptors,we emphasize the role played by transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1,purinergic P2X purinoceptor 3 and acid sensing ion channel subtype 3 in amplified sympathetic nerve activity responses in peripheral artery disease.展开更多
Objective:To describe the clinical features of autoimmune encephalitis complicated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods:The clinical data of one patient whose initial symptom was mental abnormality were collected ...Objective:To describe the clinical features of autoimmune encephalitis complicated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods:The clinical data of one patient whose initial symptom was mental abnormality were collected and the related examinations,such as cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),were improved.Results: Cerebrospinal fluid examination found that anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor(AMPAR)2 antibody was strongly positive,although the patient had repeated gastrointestinal hemorrhage but,after hormone combined with immunoglobulin treatment,the symptoms gradual-ly improved.Conclusion:Mental disorders are not all psychosis,and autoimmune encephalitis should not be ignored.It is very important to perform anti-AMPAR encephalitis antibody test;accurate diagnosis and timely treatment can improve the prognosis.展开更多
Background H3N2 subtype influenza A viruses have been identified in humans worldwide, raising concerns about their pandemic potential and prompting the development of candidate vaccines to protect humans against this ...Background H3N2 subtype influenza A viruses have been identified in humans worldwide, raising concerns about their pandemic potential and prompting the development of candidate vaccines to protect humans against this subtype of influenza A virus. The aim of this study was to establish a system for rescuing of a cold-adapted high-yielding H3N2 subtype human influenza virus by reverse genetics, Methods In order to generate better and safer vaccine candidate viruses, a cold-adapted high yielding reassortant H3N2 influenza A virus was genetically constructed by reverse genetics and was designated as rgAA-H3N2. The rgAA-H3N2 virus contained HA and NA genes from an epidemic strain A/Wisconsin/67/2005 （H3N2） in a background of internal genes derived from the master donor viruses （MDV）, cold-adapted （ca）, temperature sensitive （ts）, live attenuated influenza virus strain A/Ann Arbor/6/60 （MDV-A）. Results In this presentation, the virus HA titer of rgAA-H3N2 in the allantoic fluid from infected embryonated eggs was as high as 1：1024. A fluorescent focus assay （FFU） was performed 24-36 hours post-infection using a specific antibody and bright staining was used for determining the virus titer. The allantoic fluid containing the recovered influenza virus was analyzed in a hemagglutination inhibition （HI） test and the specific inhibition was found. Conclusion The results mentioned above demonstrated that cold-adapted, attenuated reassortant H3N2 subtype influenza A virus was successfully generated, which laid a good foundation for the further related research.展开更多
Influenza A(H3N2)virus has a faster evolution rate than other types of influenza viruses.In this study,whole genome sequencing was performed to better understand themolecular evolution of influenzaH3N2 and the protect...Influenza A(H3N2)virus has a faster evolution rate than other types of influenza viruses.In this study,whole genome sequencing was performed to better understand themolecular evolution of influenzaH3N2 and the protective effect of influenza virus vaccine in Qinghai Province,China,in 2017.Complete sequences of eight gene segments of two seasonal influenza H3N2 isolates were sequenced and analyzed using DNASTAR and MEGA 6.06 software.Additionally,the three-dimensional structure of the HA protein was predicted using the SWISS-MODEL server.Phylogenetic and amino acid sequence analysis revealed that two Qinghai H3N2 isolates were typical low-pathogenic influenza viruses,and were relatively closely related to the 2016–2017 vaccine strain,3C.2a-A/Hong Kong/4801/2014.The presence of several antigenic site substitutions(T131K,G/R142K,K160T and R261Q in the HA protein)were specific for the two Qinghai H3N2 virus strains.In addition,amino acid substitution of K160T at the glycosylation site of HA and H75P in PB1-F2 in Qinghai isolatesmight affect the antibody binding ability and virulence of the influenza virus.The presence of several antigenic site mutations in the Qinghai H3N2 isolates confirmed the evolution of circulating H3N2 strains.展开更多
Background PB1-F2 protein has been proven to increase the pathogenicity of influenza A virus （IAV） strains in primary infection and in secondary bacterial infection. It can also regulate the activity of viral polyme...Background PB1-F2 protein has been proven to increase the pathogenicity of influenza A virus （IAV） strains in primary infection and in secondary bacterial infection. It can also regulate the activity of viral polymerase. However, it was shown in another retrospective study that a portion of IAVs do not express full-length PB1-F2 protein during virus development; different kinds of stop codons cause exits in the open reading frames and form PB1-F2 gene products with the corresponding genotypes. Truncated PB1-F2 in human H3N2 IAVs has long been detected in North America but its evolution in China is still unclear. Methods Influenza-like illnesses （ILls） from the whole of Jiangsu Province were collected and inspected to determine the type and subtype of the viruses. A portion of isolates collected in the epidemic period were selected as samples for later whole-genome sequencing, and the exact sequences were determined and analyzed. Results H3N2 influenza virus was one of the epidemical strains which had been prevalent during 2009-2010, in Jiangsu. Five H3N2 isolates with truncated PB1-F2 protein （25aa） were detected in influenza samples from Nanjing and Xuzhou, while seven similar H3N2 isolates were also reported in Niigata, Japan. Conclusion This emergence indicates the possibility that there has been transmission of the H3N2 virus between the two countries.展开更多
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health, USA, No. NS 045810, NS 057255the BasicClinical Scientific Research Foundation Program of the Capital Medical University, China, No. 2006JL19
文摘In the present study, 7 day postnatal C57/BL6 wild-type mice （hyperoxia group） and 7 day postnatal N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor subtype 3A knockout mice （NR3A KO group） were exposed to 75% oxygen and 15% nitrogen in a closed container for 5 days. Wild-type mice raised in normoxia served as controls. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL）/neuron-specific nuclear protein （NeuN） and 5-bromo-2＇-deoxyuridine （BrdU）/NeuN immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of apoptotic cells and the number of proliferative cells in the dentate subgranular zone significantly increased in the hyperoxia group compared with the control group. However, in the same hyperoxia environment, the number of apoptotic cells and the number of proliferative cells significantly decreased in the NR3A KO group compared with hyperoxia group. TUNEL＋/NeuN＋ and BrdU＋/NeuN~ cells were observed in the NR3A KO and the hyperoxia groups. These results demonstrated that the NR3A gene can promote cell apoptosis and mediate the potential damage in the developing brain induced by exposure to non-physiologically high concentrations of oxygen.
基金This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health,No.NIH P01 HL134609 and R01 HL141198(to JL).
文摘In peripheral artery disease patients,the blood supply directed to the lower limbs is reduced.This results in severe limb ischemia and thereby enhances pain sensitivity in lower limbs.The painful perception is induced and exaggerate during walking,and is relieved by rest.This symptom is termed by intermittent claudication.The limb ischemia also amplifies autonomic responses during exercise.In the process of pain and autonomic responses originating exercising muscle,a number of receptors in afferent nerves sense ischemic changes and send signals to the central nervous system leading to autonomic responses.This review integrates recent study results in terms of perspectives including how nerve growth factor affects muscle sensory nerve receptors in peripheral artery disease and thereby alters responses of sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure to active muscle.For the sensory nerve receptors,we emphasize the role played by transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1,purinergic P2X purinoceptor 3 and acid sensing ion channel subtype 3 in amplified sympathetic nerve activity responses in peripheral artery disease.
基金Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneur-ship Program Project of Hubei University of Medicine(X202210929021)Scientific research program of Hubei Provincial Department of education in 2019(Q20192103).
文摘Objective:To describe the clinical features of autoimmune encephalitis complicated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.Methods:The clinical data of one patient whose initial symptom was mental abnormality were collected and the related examinations,such as cerebrospinal fluid and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),were improved.Results: Cerebrospinal fluid examination found that anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor(AMPAR)2 antibody was strongly positive,although the patient had repeated gastrointestinal hemorrhage but,after hormone combined with immunoglobulin treatment,the symptoms gradual-ly improved.Conclusion:Mental disorders are not all psychosis,and autoimmune encephalitis should not be ignored.It is very important to perform anti-AMPAR encephalitis antibody test;accurate diagnosis and timely treatment can improve the prognosis.
文摘Background H3N2 subtype influenza A viruses have been identified in humans worldwide, raising concerns about their pandemic potential and prompting the development of candidate vaccines to protect humans against this subtype of influenza A virus. The aim of this study was to establish a system for rescuing of a cold-adapted high-yielding H3N2 subtype human influenza virus by reverse genetics, Methods In order to generate better and safer vaccine candidate viruses, a cold-adapted high yielding reassortant H3N2 influenza A virus was genetically constructed by reverse genetics and was designated as rgAA-H3N2. The rgAA-H3N2 virus contained HA and NA genes from an epidemic strain A/Wisconsin/67/2005 （H3N2） in a background of internal genes derived from the master donor viruses （MDV）, cold-adapted （ca）, temperature sensitive （ts）, live attenuated influenza virus strain A/Ann Arbor/6/60 （MDV-A）. Results In this presentation, the virus HA titer of rgAA-H3N2 in the allantoic fluid from infected embryonated eggs was as high as 1：1024. A fluorescent focus assay （FFU） was performed 24-36 hours post-infection using a specific antibody and bright staining was used for determining the virus titer. The allantoic fluid containing the recovered influenza virus was analyzed in a hemagglutination inhibition （HI） test and the specific inhibition was found. Conclusion The results mentioned above demonstrated that cold-adapted, attenuated reassortant H3N2 subtype influenza A virus was successfully generated, which laid a good foundation for the further related research.
基金supported by Doctor research startup foundation of Changzhi Medical College(BS201912,BS201921)Key Project of Qinghai Health and Family Planning Commission(2017-wjzd-08)and Qinghai Thousand People Plan.
文摘Influenza A(H3N2)virus has a faster evolution rate than other types of influenza viruses.In this study,whole genome sequencing was performed to better understand themolecular evolution of influenzaH3N2 and the protective effect of influenza virus vaccine in Qinghai Province,China,in 2017.Complete sequences of eight gene segments of two seasonal influenza H3N2 isolates were sequenced and analyzed using DNASTAR and MEGA 6.06 software.Additionally,the three-dimensional structure of the HA protein was predicted using the SWISS-MODEL server.Phylogenetic and amino acid sequence analysis revealed that two Qinghai H3N2 isolates were typical low-pathogenic influenza viruses,and were relatively closely related to the 2016–2017 vaccine strain,3C.2a-A/Hong Kong/4801/2014.The presence of several antigenic site substitutions(T131K,G/R142K,K160T and R261Q in the HA protein)were specific for the two Qinghai H3N2 virus strains.In addition,amino acid substitution of K160T at the glycosylation site of HA and H75P in PB1-F2 in Qinghai isolatesmight affect the antibody binding ability and virulence of the influenza virus.The presence of several antigenic site mutations in the Qinghai H3N2 isolates confirmed the evolution of circulating H3N2 strains.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province （No. BK20131450）, Jiangsu Province Key Medical Talent Foundation （No. RC2011084） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81273143）.
文摘Background PB1-F2 protein has been proven to increase the pathogenicity of influenza A virus （IAV） strains in primary infection and in secondary bacterial infection. It can also regulate the activity of viral polymerase. However, it was shown in another retrospective study that a portion of IAVs do not express full-length PB1-F2 protein during virus development; different kinds of stop codons cause exits in the open reading frames and form PB1-F2 gene products with the corresponding genotypes. Truncated PB1-F2 in human H3N2 IAVs has long been detected in North America but its evolution in China is still unclear. Methods Influenza-like illnesses （ILls） from the whole of Jiangsu Province were collected and inspected to determine the type and subtype of the viruses. A portion of isolates collected in the epidemic period were selected as samples for later whole-genome sequencing, and the exact sequences were determined and analyzed. Results H3N2 influenza virus was one of the epidemical strains which had been prevalent during 2009-2010, in Jiangsu. Five H3N2 isolates with truncated PB1-F2 protein （25aa） were detected in influenza samples from Nanjing and Xuzhou, while seven similar H3N2 isolates were also reported in Niigata, Japan. Conclusion This emergence indicates the possibility that there has been transmission of the H3N2 virus between the two countries.
