Priapism is defined as a prolonged and persistent erection of the penis without sexual stimulation. This is a poorly understood disease process with little information on the pathophysiology of this erectile disorder....Priapism is defined as a prolonged and persistent erection of the penis without sexual stimulation. This is a poorly understood disease process with little information on the pathophysiology of this erectile disorder. Complications from this disorder are devastating due to the irreversible erectile damage and resultant erectile dysfunction （ED）. Stuttering priapism, though relatively rare, affects a high prevalence of men with sickle-cell disease （SCD） and presents a challenging problem with guidelines for treatment lacking or resulting in permanent ED. The mechanisms involved in the development of priapism in this cohort are poorly characterized; therefore, medical management of priapism represents a therapeutic challenge to urologists. Additional research is warranted, so we can effectively target treatments for these patients with prevention as the goal. This review gives an introduction to stuttering priapism and its clinical significance, specifically with regards to the patient with SCD. Additionally, the proposed mechanisms behind its pathophysiology and a summary of the current and future targets for medical management are discussed.展开更多
Stuttering is a common neurological deficit and its underlying cognitive mechanisms are a matter of debate, with evidence suggesting abnormal modulation between speech encoding and other cognitive components. Previous...Stuttering is a common neurological deficit and its underlying cognitive mechanisms are a matter of debate, with evidence suggesting abnormal modulation between speech encoding and other cognitive components. Previous studies have mainly used single task experiments to investigate the disturbance of language production. It is unclear whether there is abnormal interaction between the three language tasks （orthographic, phonological and semantic judgment） in stuttering patients. This study used dual tasks and manipulated the stimulus onset asynchrony （SOA） between tasks 1 and 2 and the nature of the second task, including orthographic, phonological, and semantic judgments. The results showed that the performance records of orthographic judgment, phonological judgment, and semantic judgment were significantly reduced between the patient and control groups with short SOA （P 〈 0.05）. However, different patterns of interaction between task 2 and SOA were observed across subject groups： subjects with stuttering were more strongly modulated by SOA when the second task was semantic judgment or phonological judgment （P 〈 0.05）, but not in the orthographic judgment experiment （P 〉 0.05）. These results indicated that the interaction mechanism between semantic processing and phonological encoding might be an underlying cause for stuttering.展开更多
The public’s attitudes can affect the experience of stuttering of people who stutter.This study investigated the attitudes held by the public about people who stutter in China.A web-based written survey with closed a...The public’s attitudes can affect the experience of stuttering of people who stutter.This study investigated the attitudes held by the public about people who stutter in China.A web-based written survey with closed and open-ended questions was implemented to develop a rich understanding.One hundred and two respondents in 26 provinces and 3 municipalities provided comments on people who stutter in their life aspects such as personality,speech,social life,work,life participation,education,dating and marriage,capability,and communication skills.The predominantly negative attitudes towards the overall domains were identified.Attitudes to people who stutter varied according to the different sources of knowledge.Familiarity with people who stutter might reduce stereotypes.However,knowledge from the media might aggravate stereotypes.Implications and future research orientation were also discussed.展开更多
This study investigated whether adults who stutter and normal adult speakers differ in the production of stop consonants in fluent reading Chinese Putonghua speech.Voice onset time（VOT） was measured and the spectral...This study investigated whether adults who stutter and normal adult speakers differ in the production of stop consonants in fluent reading Chinese Putonghua speech.Voice onset time（VOT） was measured and the spectral moments at the stop burst were calculated for the stutterers（both before and after the speech therapy） and also for the nonstutterers. The statistical results showed that there were no significant differences in VOT between the nonstutterers and stutterers either prior to or after therapy,although the mean VOT of the stutterers was slightly greater than that of the nonstutterers.The results also indicated that both the obstruction place and the subsequent syllabic final exhibited an influence to a greater extent on VOT for the stutterers.In the spectral domain,the spectral mean of the stuttering participants before therapy was significantly different from that of the normal participants, whereas the group difference became insignificant after the therapy session.The smaller spectral mean for the stutterers might be interpreted as a more posterior occlusion in the oral cavity when producing alveolars and velars.In addition,productions of the stutterers scattered with a wider range in the space of spectral moments.Furthermore,the smaller main effect of syllabic finals on the mean spectral frequency of the burst suggested that the stutterers exhibited weaker anticipatory coarticulation than the nonstutterers.展开更多
A forced alignment based algorithms to detect Chinese repetitive stuttering is studied. According to the features of repetitions in Chinese stuttered speech,improvement solutions are provided based on the previous res...A forced alignment based algorithms to detect Chinese repetitive stuttering is studied. According to the features of repetitions in Chinese stuttered speech,improvement solutions are provided based on the previous research findings.First,a multi-span looping forced alignment decoding networks is designed to detect multi-syllable repetitions in Chinese stuttered speech.Second,branch penalty factor is added in the networks to adjust decoding trend using recursive search in order to reduce the error from the complexity of the decoding networks. Finally,we re-judge the detected stutters by calculating confidence to improve the reliability of the detection result.The experimental results show that compared to previous algorithm,the proposed algorithm can improve system performance significantly,about 18%average detection error rate relatively.展开更多
目的:分析近10年全球上口吃康复治疗的研究现状、研究热点和趋势。方法:检索2016年1月1日至2025年5月20日Web of Science核心合集收录的口吃康复治疗相关文献,采用CiteSpace 6.4.R2构建国家、作者、关键词的知识图谱。结果:共纳入171篇...目的:分析近10年全球上口吃康复治疗的研究现状、研究热点和趋势。方法:检索2016年1月1日至2025年5月20日Web of Science核心合集收录的口吃康复治疗相关文献,采用CiteSpace 6.4.R2构建国家、作者、关键词的知识图谱。结果:共纳入171篇文献;发文量最高的国家为美国,中国发文量较少;发文量最高的作者为Onslow Mark。高频关键词包括言语、社交焦虑、生活质量、言语治疗、Lidcombe方案等;关键词聚类标签有神经调节、复杂性、口吃矫正疗法、Lidcombe方案等;近期突现的关键词有经颅磁刺激、互动疗法、经颅直流电刺激、生活质量。结论:近10年全球上关于口吃康复治疗的研究取得了一定的成果,但我国在该领域的研究处于劣势地位,存在着较大的发展空间。言语治疗始终是口吃康复干预的核心手段,其治疗范式已从传统的流畅性塑造逐步转向神经-心理-社会整合的多维功能改善,同时也越来越关注口吃者的生活质量问题。未来研究的重要方向可能聚焦于神经调控技术与言语治疗的协同应用。展开更多
目的分析说话者对口吃经历全面评估问卷(overall assessment of the speaker’s experience of stutteringadult version,OASES-A)对普通话口吃者的评估价值,以及该问卷的可理解程度。方法选取口吃成年人30例,非口吃成年人120例。对比...目的分析说话者对口吃经历全面评估问卷(overall assessment of the speaker’s experience of stutteringadult version,OASES-A)对普通话口吃者的评估价值,以及该问卷的可理解程度。方法选取口吃成年人30例,非口吃成年人120例。对比两组问卷结果的影响分数及平均影响分数,对比两组问卷题目回答的差异性。结果①口吃组问卷每部分的影响分数均显著高于非口吃组(P<0.001)。②口吃组的问卷整体影响分数显著高于非口吃组(P<0.001)。③在口吃者和非口吃者共同适用的54个题目中,41个题目具有显著差异(P<0.01),13个题目不具有显著差异,原因是这些问题涉及口吃基本常识、口吃自助和互助小组等。④93%受试者认为该问卷容易理解或非常容易理解。结论汉语普通话版OASES-A对普通话口吃者具有评估价值,整体被理解度较高。展开更多
Objective:To investigate the personality feature of stuttering. Methods: SAS, SDS, MMPI were administered to 108 patients with stuttering, 110 normal controls, 103 patients with OCD, 137 patients with depression. Resu...Objective:To investigate the personality feature of stuttering. Methods: SAS, SDS, MMPI were administered to 108 patients with stuttering, 110 normal controls, 103 patients with OCD, 137 patients with depression. Results: The scores of F, K, D, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si in stuttering group were significantly differen from OCD and depression groups. The scores of SAS were positively correlated with the score of F, D, Ht, Pd, Pt, Sc, Si. Conclusion: The personality feature of stuttering were depressive and compulsive personality.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the clinical symptoms,personality features and treatment effect of stutterers of different ages.Methods:The SAS,SDS,MMPI and EPQ were administered to 159 stutterers and 110 normal controls.Res...Objective:To investigate the clinical symptoms,personality features and treatment effect of stutterers of different ages.Methods:The SAS,SDS,MMPI and EPQ were administered to 159 stutterers and 110 normal controls.Result:The scores of SAS,SDS,EPQ and MMPI in stutterers were significantly different from that of normal controls.Conclusion:Clinical symptoms and personality of stutterers were different.展开更多
文摘Priapism is defined as a prolonged and persistent erection of the penis without sexual stimulation. This is a poorly understood disease process with little information on the pathophysiology of this erectile disorder. Complications from this disorder are devastating due to the irreversible erectile damage and resultant erectile dysfunction （ED）. Stuttering priapism, though relatively rare, affects a high prevalence of men with sickle-cell disease （SCD） and presents a challenging problem with guidelines for treatment lacking or resulting in permanent ED. The mechanisms involved in the development of priapism in this cohort are poorly characterized; therefore, medical management of priapism represents a therapeutic challenge to urologists. Additional research is warranted, so we can effectively target treatments for these patients with prevention as the goal. This review gives an introduction to stuttering priapism and its clinical significance, specifically with regards to the patient with SCD. Additionally, the proposed mechanisms behind its pathophysiology and a summary of the current and future targets for medical management are discussed.
基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2001,#14the Capital Medical Development Science Research Program,No.2005-2003
文摘Stuttering is a common neurological deficit and its underlying cognitive mechanisms are a matter of debate, with evidence suggesting abnormal modulation between speech encoding and other cognitive components. Previous studies have mainly used single task experiments to investigate the disturbance of language production. It is unclear whether there is abnormal interaction between the three language tasks （orthographic, phonological and semantic judgment） in stuttering patients. This study used dual tasks and manipulated the stimulus onset asynchrony （SOA） between tasks 1 and 2 and the nature of the second task, including orthographic, phonological, and semantic judgments. The results showed that the performance records of orthographic judgment, phonological judgment, and semantic judgment were significantly reduced between the patient and control groups with short SOA （P 〈 0.05）. However, different patterns of interaction between task 2 and SOA were observed across subject groups： subjects with stuttering were more strongly modulated by SOA when the second task was semantic judgment or phonological judgment （P 〈 0.05）, but not in the orthographic judgment experiment （P 〉 0.05）. These results indicated that the interaction mechanism between semantic processing and phonological encoding might be an underlying cause for stuttering.
文摘The public’s attitudes can affect the experience of stuttering of people who stutter.This study investigated the attitudes held by the public about people who stutter in China.A web-based written survey with closed and open-ended questions was implemented to develop a rich understanding.One hundred and two respondents in 26 provinces and 3 municipalities provided comments on people who stutter in their life aspects such as personality,speech,social life,work,life participation,education,dating and marriage,capability,and communication skills.The predominantly negative attitudes towards the overall domains were identified.Attitudes to people who stutter varied according to the different sources of knowledge.Familiarity with people who stutter might reduce stereotypes.However,knowledge from the media might aggravate stereotypes.Implications and future research orientation were also discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10874203,10925419, 90920302,61072124,11074275,11161140319,91120001,61271426)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA06030100,XDA06030500)+1 种基金National 863 Program(2012AA012503)CAS Priority Deployment Project(KGZD-EW-103-2)
文摘This study investigated whether adults who stutter and normal adult speakers differ in the production of stop consonants in fluent reading Chinese Putonghua speech.Voice onset time（VOT） was measured and the spectral moments at the stop burst were calculated for the stutterers（both before and after the speech therapy） and also for the nonstutterers. The statistical results showed that there were no significant differences in VOT between the nonstutterers and stutterers either prior to or after therapy,although the mean VOT of the stutterers was slightly greater than that of the nonstutterers.The results also indicated that both the obstruction place and the subsequent syllabic final exhibited an influence to a greater extent on VOT for the stutterers.In the spectral domain,the spectral mean of the stuttering participants before therapy was significantly different from that of the normal participants, whereas the group difference became insignificant after the therapy session.The smaller spectral mean for the stutterers might be interpreted as a more posterior occlusion in the oral cavity when producing alveolars and velars.In addition,productions of the stutterers scattered with a wider range in the space of spectral moments.Furthermore,the smaller main effect of syllabic finals on the mean spectral frequency of the burst suggested that the stutterers exhibited weaker anticipatory coarticulation than the nonstutterers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10925419,90920302, 61072124,11074275,11161140319,91120001,61271426)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA06030100,XDA06030500)+1 种基金the National 863 Program(2012AA012503)the CAS Priority Deployment Project(KGZD-EW-103-2)
文摘A forced alignment based algorithms to detect Chinese repetitive stuttering is studied. According to the features of repetitions in Chinese stuttered speech,improvement solutions are provided based on the previous research findings.First,a multi-span looping forced alignment decoding networks is designed to detect multi-syllable repetitions in Chinese stuttered speech.Second,branch penalty factor is added in the networks to adjust decoding trend using recursive search in order to reduce the error from the complexity of the decoding networks. Finally,we re-judge the detected stutters by calculating confidence to improve the reliability of the detection result.The experimental results show that compared to previous algorithm,the proposed algorithm can improve system performance significantly,about 18%average detection error rate relatively.
文摘目的:分析近10年全球上口吃康复治疗的研究现状、研究热点和趋势。方法:检索2016年1月1日至2025年5月20日Web of Science核心合集收录的口吃康复治疗相关文献,采用CiteSpace 6.4.R2构建国家、作者、关键词的知识图谱。结果:共纳入171篇文献;发文量最高的国家为美国,中国发文量较少;发文量最高的作者为Onslow Mark。高频关键词包括言语、社交焦虑、生活质量、言语治疗、Lidcombe方案等;关键词聚类标签有神经调节、复杂性、口吃矫正疗法、Lidcombe方案等;近期突现的关键词有经颅磁刺激、互动疗法、经颅直流电刺激、生活质量。结论:近10年全球上关于口吃康复治疗的研究取得了一定的成果,但我国在该领域的研究处于劣势地位,存在着较大的发展空间。言语治疗始终是口吃康复干预的核心手段,其治疗范式已从传统的流畅性塑造逐步转向神经-心理-社会整合的多维功能改善,同时也越来越关注口吃者的生活质量问题。未来研究的重要方向可能聚焦于神经调控技术与言语治疗的协同应用。
文摘目的分析说话者对口吃经历全面评估问卷(overall assessment of the speaker’s experience of stutteringadult version,OASES-A)对普通话口吃者的评估价值,以及该问卷的可理解程度。方法选取口吃成年人30例,非口吃成年人120例。对比两组问卷结果的影响分数及平均影响分数,对比两组问卷题目回答的差异性。结果①口吃组问卷每部分的影响分数均显著高于非口吃组(P<0.001)。②口吃组的问卷整体影响分数显著高于非口吃组(P<0.001)。③在口吃者和非口吃者共同适用的54个题目中,41个题目具有显著差异(P<0.01),13个题目不具有显著差异,原因是这些问题涉及口吃基本常识、口吃自助和互助小组等。④93%受试者认为该问卷容易理解或非常容易理解。结论汉语普通话版OASES-A对普通话口吃者具有评估价值,整体被理解度较高。
文摘Objective:To investigate the personality feature of stuttering. Methods: SAS, SDS, MMPI were administered to 108 patients with stuttering, 110 normal controls, 103 patients with OCD, 137 patients with depression. Results: The scores of F, K, D, Mf, Pa, Pt, Sc, Si in stuttering group were significantly differen from OCD and depression groups. The scores of SAS were positively correlated with the score of F, D, Ht, Pd, Pt, Sc, Si. Conclusion: The personality feature of stuttering were depressive and compulsive personality.
文摘Objective:To investigate the clinical symptoms,personality features and treatment effect of stutterers of different ages.Methods:The SAS,SDS,MMPI and EPQ were administered to 159 stutterers and 110 normal controls.Result:The scores of SAS,SDS,EPQ and MMPI in stutterers were significantly different from that of normal controls.Conclusion:Clinical symptoms and personality of stutterers were different.
