Fascinating with high specific capacity and moderate lithiation potential,SnO_(x)-based materials have been intensively investigated as one of the most promising anodes for lithium-ion batteries.However,due to poor cy...Fascinating with high specific capacity and moderate lithiation potential,SnO_(x)-based materials have been intensively investigated as one of the most promising anodes for lithium-ion batteries.However,due to poor cycling stability,sluggish reaction kinetics,and limited electrochemical reaction reversibility,the development of SnO_(x)-based anodes has been hindered.And the current preparation and modification routes for SnO_(x)-based anodes lack direct and specific illustration.Herein,modification routes for SnO_(x)-based anodes have been emphasized.Firstly,to provide more direct instructions,the tuning routes of morphological structure for SnO_(x)-based electrodes(including slurry-based and self-supported)have been thoroughly discussed from the preparation perspective.Secondly,according to the properties of SnO_(x)-based anodes,the phase structure design ideas have also been properly classified and organized for addressing chemical reaction kinetics or thermodynamic issues.Finally,for future-oriented studies,new insights into the development and commercialization prospects of SnO_(x)-based anodes are also provided.This review,with comprehensive information on SnO_(x)-based anodes,aims to bring more specific guidance and valuable inspiration for peer researchers who are promoting the application of SnO_(x)-based materials for energy conversion and storage devices.展开更多
By means of oxide molecular beam epitaxy with shutter-growth mode, we fabricate a series of electron-doped （Sr1-xLax）2IrO4 （001） （x=0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15） single crystalline thin films and then investigate the d...By means of oxide molecular beam epitaxy with shutter-growth mode, we fabricate a series of electron-doped （Sr1-xLax）2IrO4 （001） （x=0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15） single crystalline thin films and then investigate the doping dependence of the electronic structure utilizing in-situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. It is found that with the increasing doping content, the Fermi levels of samples progressively shift upward. Prominently, an extra electron pocket crossing the Fermi level around the M point is evidently observed in the 15% nominal doping sample. Moreover, bulk-sensitive transport measurements confirm that the doping effectively suppresses the insulating state with respect to the as-grown Sr2IrO4, though the doped samples still remain insulating at low temperatures due to the localization effect possibly stemming from disorders including oxygen deficiencies. Our work provides another feasible doping method to tune electronic structure of Sr2 IrO4.展开更多
Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG),renowned for their remarkable capability to harness weak mechanical energy from the environment,have gained considerable attention owing to their cost-effectiveness,high output,and a...Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG),renowned for their remarkable capability to harness weak mechanical energy from the environment,have gained considerable attention owing to their cost-effectiveness,high output,and adaptability.This review provides a unique perspective by conducting a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of magnetically assisted TENGs that encompass structures,materials,and self-powered sensing systems.We systematically summarize the diverse functions of the magnetic assistance for TENGs,including system stiffness,components of the hybrid electromagnetic-triboelectric generator,transmission,and interaction forces.In the material domain,we review the incorporation of magnetic nano-composites materials,along with ferrofluid-based TENG and microstructure verification,which have also been summarized based on existing research.Furthermore,we delve into the research progress on physical quantity sensing and human-machine interface in magnetic-assisted TENGs.Our analysis highlights that magnetic assistance extends beyond the repulsive and suction forces under a magnetic field,thereby playing multifaceted roles in improving the output performance and environmental adaptability of the TENGs.Finally,we present the prevailing challenges and offer insights into the future trajectory of the magnetic-assisted TENGs development.展开更多
Coordination tuning electronic structure of host materials is a quite effective strategy for activating and improving the intrinsic properties.Herein,halogen anion(X-)-incorporated β-FeOOH(β-FeOOH(X),X=F-,Cl-,and Br...Coordination tuning electronic structure of host materials is a quite effective strategy for activating and improving the intrinsic properties.Herein,halogen anion(X-)-incorporated β-FeOOH(β-FeOOH(X),X=F-,Cl-,and Br-) was investigated with a spontaneous adsorption process,which realized a great improvement of supercapacitor performances by adjusting the coordination geometry.Experiments coupled with theoretical calculations demonstrated that the change of Fe-O bond length and structural distortion of β-FeOOH,which is rooted in halogen ions embedment,led to the relatively narrow band gap.Because of the strong electronegativity of X-,the Fe element in β-FeOOH(X)s presented the unexpected high valence state(3+δ),which is facilitating to adsorb S032-species.Consequently,the designed β-FeOOH(X)s exhibited the good electric conductivity and enhanced the contact between electrode and electrolyte.When used as a negative electrode,the β-FeOOH(F) showed the excellent specific capacity of 391.9 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 current density,almost tenfold improvement compared with initial β-FeOOH,with the superior rate capacity and cyclic stability.This combinational design principle of electronic structure and electrochemical performances provides a promising way to develop advanced electrode materials for supercapacitor.展开更多
Hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN),with unique structural and properties,has shown enormous potentitoward variety of possible applications.By virtue of partially-ionic character of BN chemical bonds anusually large specifi...Hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN),with unique structural and properties,has shown enormous potentitoward variety of possible applications.By virtue of partially-ionic character of BN chemical bonds anusually large specific surface area,h-BN-related nanostructures exhibit appealing adsorption propertiewhich can be widely applied for separation and purification towards energy and environment treatmenIn this review,recent progress in designing h-BN micro,nano-structure,controlled synthesis,performancoptimizing as well as energy and environment-related adsorption applications are summarized.Strategieto tailor the h-BN can be classified as morphology control,element doping,defect control and surfacmodification,focusing on how to optimize the adsorption performance.In order to insight the intrinsimechanism of tuning strategies for property optimization,the significant adsorption applications of h-Btowards hydrogen storage,CO2 capture,pollutants removal from water and adsorption desulfurization arpresented.展开更多
Three types of β-NaYF_4nanoparticles, uncoated core（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho/Ce）, single-layer coated core@shell（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho/Ce@NaYF_4：Yb） and double-layer coated core@shell@shell（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho@NaYF_4：Yb@NaYF_4：Yb） w...Three types of β-NaYF_4nanoparticles, uncoated core（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho/Ce）, single-layer coated core@shell（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho/Ce@NaYF_4：Yb） and double-layer coated core@shell@shell（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho@NaYF_4：Yb@NaYF_4：Yb） with Ce^（3＋） doped in core, first and second shell, respectively, were synthesized through solvothermal method to investigate the cross-relaxation between Ho^（3＋） and Ce^（3＋） for the tunable upconversion luminescence. By doping Ce^（3＋） into different layers with different doping concentrations, a systematical investigation on the tunable upconversion luminescence from green to red was conducted. The results showed that a remarkable color tuning could be achieved from green to red when increasing the doping concentration of Ce^（3＋） in the same layer of Ho^（3＋）. And if Ce^（3＋） and Ho^（3＋） were separated in different layers, the color tuning would be depressed significantly due to the reduced cross-relaxation between Ho^（3＋） and Ce^（3＋）. Moreover, the UC emission intensity of core@shell and core@shell@shell was enhanced significantly compared with that of unmodified core nanoparticles.展开更多
It is reported that simple beam structure used for FBG tuning can cause FBG chirping. A novel tuning method utilizing the clamped beam structure under pure bending is introduced. In this paper, we experimentally and t...It is reported that simple beam structure used for FBG tuning can cause FBG chirping. A novel tuning method utilizing the clamped beam structure under pure bending is introduced. In this paper, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate that new method can tune the Bragg wavelength without chirp. Further integration of this package can be used for FBG athermal/MEMS packaging.展开更多
Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)have attracted tremendous attention during the past several years due to their abundant reserves,wide distribution,fast ionic conductivity,and high operating voltage.The primary obstacle i...Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)have attracted tremendous attention during the past several years due to their abundant reserves,wide distribution,fast ionic conductivity,and high operating voltage.The primary obstacle impeding the com-mercialization of rechargeable PIBs is the lack of suitable high-performance anode materials.Carbon materials,known for their environmental friendliness,abundant availability,and outstanding comprehensive performance,have received extensive attention because they can be utilized directly as anodes or serve as a constrained matrix for conversion-/alloying-type anodes to enhance the electrochemical performance.Structural tuning and morphological modulation are two common strategies for modifying carbon materials.In this review,the recent progress in carbon materials aimed at enhancing the performance of PIBs through the utilization of these two strategies is systematically summarized.First,the effects of structural tuning and morphological modulation on the electrochemical properties of carbon materials and the corresponding storage mechanisms are reviewed.Second,the performance improvement mechanisms of conversion-/alloying-type anodes utilizing carbon scaf-folds based on these two strategies are systematically discussed.Third,the application of carbon materials based on various modification strategies in various advancedK+storage devices is reviewed.Finally,the challenges and perspectives for the further development of carbon-based materials for PIBs are highlighted.展开更多
Zeolites,featured by a well-defined microporous structure and tunable acidity,have widely served as core catalysts in the petrochemical and refining industries.In practical applications,dealumination of acidic zeolite...Zeolites,featured by a well-defined microporous structure and tunable acidity,have widely served as core catalysts in the petrochemical and refining industries.In practical applications,dealumination of acidic zeolite framework is often inevitable,and in many cases,strategically employed to tune both zeolite structure and acidity,for enhancing catalytic performance.展开更多
A 3＋1/2cell DC-SC photo-injector for PKU-FEL facility is under development, which is an upgrade design of the successful 1-4-1/2cell DC-SC photo-injector. The Lorentz detuning and tuning structure for the 3＋1/2cell ...A 3＋1/2cell DC-SC photo-injector for PKU-FEL facility is under development, which is an upgrade design of the successful 1-4-1/2cell DC-SC photo-injector. The Lorentz detuning and tuning structure for the 3＋1/2cell superconducting cavity is presented in this paper. The Lorentz force detuning coefficient is 1.2 Hz/（MV/m）^2 with double stiffening rings for the half cell and single stiffening rings between the adjacent TESLA cells. With the special stiffening structure, the 3＋1/2cell whole cavity needs only one tuner. The influences of the tuning on frequency shift, field flatness and average gradient are discussed in this paper. The simulation results show that the stiffening rings＇ design is successful.展开更多
In the past decade,molybdenum ditelluride(MoTe2)has received significant attention from the scientific community due to its structural features and unique properties originate from them.In the current review,the prope...In the past decade,molybdenum ditelluride(MoTe2)has received significant attention from the scientific community due to its structural features and unique properties originate from them.In the current review,the properties,various preparation approaches,and versatile applications of MoTe2 are presented.The review provides a brief update on the state of our fundamental understanding of MoTe2 material and also discusses the issues that need to be resolved.To introduce MoTe2,we briefly summarize its structural,optoelectronic,magnetic,and mechanical properties in the beginning.Then,different preparation meth-ods of MoTe2,such as exfoliation,laser treatment,deposition,hydrothermal,microwave,and molecular beam epitaxy,are included.The excellent electri-cal conductivity,strong optical activity,tunable bandgap,high sensitivity,and impressive stability make it an ideal contender for different applications,includ-ing energy storage,catalysis,sensors,solar cells,photodetectors,and transistors.The performance of MoTe2 in these applications is systematically introduced along with mechanistic insights.At the end of the article,the challenges and possible future directions are highlighted to further modify MoTe2 material for the numerous functionalities.Therefore,the availability of different phases and layer structures implies a potential for MoTe2 to lead an era of two-dimensional materials that began from the exfoliation of graphene.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071144,51831009 and 51621001)Guangzhou key research and development program(No.202103040001)。
文摘Fascinating with high specific capacity and moderate lithiation potential,SnO_(x)-based materials have been intensively investigated as one of the most promising anodes for lithium-ion batteries.However,due to poor cycling stability,sluggish reaction kinetics,and limited electrochemical reaction reversibility,the development of SnO_(x)-based anodes has been hindered.And the current preparation and modification routes for SnO_(x)-based anodes lack direct and specific illustration.Herein,modification routes for SnO_(x)-based anodes have been emphasized.Firstly,to provide more direct instructions,the tuning routes of morphological structure for SnO_(x)-based electrodes(including slurry-based and self-supported)have been thoroughly discussed from the preparation perspective.Secondly,according to the properties of SnO_(x)-based anodes,the phase structure design ideas have also been properly classified and organized for addressing chemical reaction kinetics or thermodynamic issues.Finally,for future-oriented studies,new insights into the development and commercialization prospects of SnO_(x)-based anodes are also provided.This review,with comprehensive information on SnO_(x)-based anodes,aims to bring more specific guidance and valuable inspiration for peer researchers who are promoting the application of SnO_(x)-based materials for energy conversion and storage devices.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)under Grant Nos 2011CBA00106 and2012CB927400the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11274332 and 11227902Helmholtz Association through the Virtual Institute for Topological Insulators(VITI).M.Y.Li and D.W.Shen are also supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No XDB04040300
文摘By means of oxide molecular beam epitaxy with shutter-growth mode, we fabricate a series of electron-doped （Sr1-xLax）2IrO4 （001） （x=0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15） single crystalline thin films and then investigate the doping dependence of the electronic structure utilizing in-situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. It is found that with the increasing doping content, the Fermi levels of samples progressively shift upward. Prominently, an extra electron pocket crossing the Fermi level around the M point is evidently observed in the 15% nominal doping sample. Moreover, bulk-sensitive transport measurements confirm that the doping effectively suppresses the insulating state with respect to the as-grown Sr2IrO4, though the doped samples still remain insulating at low temperatures due to the localization effect possibly stemming from disorders including oxygen deficiencies. Our work provides another feasible doping method to tune electronic structure of Sr2 IrO4.
基金supported by the General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.52075061)the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.U22B2089)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Chongqing(No.CSTB2022 NSCQ-JQX0006).
文摘Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG),renowned for their remarkable capability to harness weak mechanical energy from the environment,have gained considerable attention owing to their cost-effectiveness,high output,and adaptability.This review provides a unique perspective by conducting a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of magnetically assisted TENGs that encompass structures,materials,and self-powered sensing systems.We systematically summarize the diverse functions of the magnetic assistance for TENGs,including system stiffness,components of the hybrid electromagnetic-triboelectric generator,transmission,and interaction forces.In the material domain,we review the incorporation of magnetic nano-composites materials,along with ferrofluid-based TENG and microstructure verification,which have also been summarized based on existing research.Furthermore,we delve into the research progress on physical quantity sensing and human-machine interface in magnetic-assisted TENGs.Our analysis highlights that magnetic assistance extends beyond the repulsive and suction forces under a magnetic field,thereby playing multifaceted roles in improving the output performance and environmental adaptability of the TENGs.Finally,we present the prevailing challenges and offer insights into the future trajectory of the magnetic-assisted TENGs development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.2177060378,21627813,and 21521005)the Program for Changjiang Scholars,Innovative Research Teams in Universities(No.IRT1205)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.12060093063 and XK1803-05).
文摘Coordination tuning electronic structure of host materials is a quite effective strategy for activating and improving the intrinsic properties.Herein,halogen anion(X-)-incorporated β-FeOOH(β-FeOOH(X),X=F-,Cl-,and Br-) was investigated with a spontaneous adsorption process,which realized a great improvement of supercapacitor performances by adjusting the coordination geometry.Experiments coupled with theoretical calculations demonstrated that the change of Fe-O bond length and structural distortion of β-FeOOH,which is rooted in halogen ions embedment,led to the relatively narrow band gap.Because of the strong electronegativity of X-,the Fe element in β-FeOOH(X)s presented the unexpected high valence state(3+δ),which is facilitating to adsorb S032-species.Consequently,the designed β-FeOOH(X)s exhibited the good electric conductivity and enhanced the contact between electrode and electrolyte.When used as a negative electrode,the β-FeOOH(F) showed the excellent specific capacity of 391.9 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 current density,almost tenfold improvement compared with initial β-FeOOH,with the superior rate capacity and cyclic stability.This combinational design principle of electronic structure and electrochemical performances provides a promising way to develop advanced electrode materials for supercapacitor.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21606113, 21676128, and 21722604)the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 20170055)
文摘Hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN),with unique structural and properties,has shown enormous potentitoward variety of possible applications.By virtue of partially-ionic character of BN chemical bonds anusually large specific surface area,h-BN-related nanostructures exhibit appealing adsorption propertiewhich can be widely applied for separation and purification towards energy and environment treatmenIn this review,recent progress in designing h-BN micro,nano-structure,controlled synthesis,performancoptimizing as well as energy and environment-related adsorption applications are summarized.Strategieto tailor the h-BN can be classified as morphology control,element doping,defect control and surfacmodification,focusing on how to optimize the adsorption performance.In order to insight the intrinsimechanism of tuning strategies for property optimization,the significant adsorption applications of h-Btowards hydrogen storage,CO2 capture,pollutants removal from water and adsorption desulfurization arpresented.
基金Project supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(2013CB921800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11374291,11204292,11274299,11311120047)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2030020021)
文摘Three types of β-NaYF_4nanoparticles, uncoated core（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho/Ce）, single-layer coated core@shell（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho/Ce@NaYF_4：Yb） and double-layer coated core@shell@shell（NaYF_4：Yb/Ho@NaYF_4：Yb@NaYF_4：Yb） with Ce^（3＋） doped in core, first and second shell, respectively, were synthesized through solvothermal method to investigate the cross-relaxation between Ho^（3＋） and Ce^（3＋） for the tunable upconversion luminescence. By doping Ce^（3＋） into different layers with different doping concentrations, a systematical investigation on the tunable upconversion luminescence from green to red was conducted. The results showed that a remarkable color tuning could be achieved from green to red when increasing the doping concentration of Ce^（3＋） in the same layer of Ho^（3＋）. And if Ce^（3＋） and Ho^（3＋） were separated in different layers, the color tuning would be depressed significantly due to the reduced cross-relaxation between Ho^（3＋） and Ce^（3＋）. Moreover, the UC emission intensity of core@shell and core@shell@shell was enhanced significantly compared with that of unmodified core nanoparticles.
文摘It is reported that simple beam structure used for FBG tuning can cause FBG chirping. A novel tuning method utilizing the clamped beam structure under pure bending is introduced. In this paper, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate that new method can tune the Bragg wavelength without chirp. Further integration of this package can be used for FBG athermal/MEMS packaging.
基金financially supported by the Postdoctoral Innovation Talents Support Program of China(BX2021067)the Pujiang Talent Program of Shanghai(20PJ1401400)+2 种基金the Open Fund of the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advance Energy Storage Materials(Grant No.asem202101)Aerospace Innovation Fund of Shanghai(SAST2020098)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M710711).
文摘Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)have attracted tremendous attention during the past several years due to their abundant reserves,wide distribution,fast ionic conductivity,and high operating voltage.The primary obstacle impeding the com-mercialization of rechargeable PIBs is the lack of suitable high-performance anode materials.Carbon materials,known for their environmental friendliness,abundant availability,and outstanding comprehensive performance,have received extensive attention because they can be utilized directly as anodes or serve as a constrained matrix for conversion-/alloying-type anodes to enhance the electrochemical performance.Structural tuning and morphological modulation are two common strategies for modifying carbon materials.In this review,the recent progress in carbon materials aimed at enhancing the performance of PIBs through the utilization of these two strategies is systematically summarized.First,the effects of structural tuning and morphological modulation on the electrochemical properties of carbon materials and the corresponding storage mechanisms are reviewed.Second,the performance improvement mechanisms of conversion-/alloying-type anodes utilizing carbon scaf-folds based on these two strategies are systematically discussed.Third,the application of carbon materials based on various modification strategies in various advancedK+storage devices is reviewed.Finally,the challenges and perspectives for the further development of carbon-based materials for PIBs are highlighted.
文摘Zeolites,featured by a well-defined microporous structure and tunable acidity,have widely served as core catalysts in the petrochemical and refining industries.In practical applications,dealumination of acidic zeolite framework is often inevitable,and in many cases,strategically employed to tune both zeolite structure and acidity,for enhancing catalytic performance.
基金Supported by Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(2002CB713600)
文摘A 3＋1/2cell DC-SC photo-injector for PKU-FEL facility is under development, which is an upgrade design of the successful 1-4-1/2cell DC-SC photo-injector. The Lorentz detuning and tuning structure for the 3＋1/2cell superconducting cavity is presented in this paper. The Lorentz force detuning coefficient is 1.2 Hz/（MV/m）^2 with double stiffening rings for the half cell and single stiffening rings between the adjacent TESLA cells. With the special stiffening structure, the 3＋1/2cell whole cavity needs only one tuner. The influences of the tuning on frequency shift, field flatness and average gradient are discussed in this paper. The simulation results show that the stiffening rings＇ design is successful.
文摘In the past decade,molybdenum ditelluride(MoTe2)has received significant attention from the scientific community due to its structural features and unique properties originate from them.In the current review,the properties,various preparation approaches,and versatile applications of MoTe2 are presented.The review provides a brief update on the state of our fundamental understanding of MoTe2 material and also discusses the issues that need to be resolved.To introduce MoTe2,we briefly summarize its structural,optoelectronic,magnetic,and mechanical properties in the beginning.Then,different preparation meth-ods of MoTe2,such as exfoliation,laser treatment,deposition,hydrothermal,microwave,and molecular beam epitaxy,are included.The excellent electri-cal conductivity,strong optical activity,tunable bandgap,high sensitivity,and impressive stability make it an ideal contender for different applications,includ-ing energy storage,catalysis,sensors,solar cells,photodetectors,and transistors.The performance of MoTe2 in these applications is systematically introduced along with mechanistic insights.At the end of the article,the challenges and possible future directions are highlighted to further modify MoTe2 material for the numerous functionalities.Therefore,the availability of different phases and layer structures implies a potential for MoTe2 to lead an era of two-dimensional materials that began from the exfoliation of graphene.
