Stakeholder analysis was conducted to define stakeholders and their role in clinical trials; a conceptual model and hypotheses regarding the relationship of each stakeholder were then constructed based on pharmaceutic...Stakeholder analysis was conducted to define stakeholders and their role in clinical trials; a conceptual model and hypotheses regarding the relationship of each stakeholder were then constructed based on pharmaceutical regulations in China and interviews with experts; Amos 17.0 was utilized to test the model and path analysis. We found that government and hospital are the most powerful stakeholders, while the public and sponsor have little impact on clinical trials. Further measures should be taken by sponsors to promote the development of clinical trials, and the public should be more involved in clinical research.展开更多
With the expanding enrollments in higher education,the quality of col-lege education and the learning gains of students have attracted much attention.It is important to study the influencing factors and mechanisms of ...With the expanding enrollments in higher education,the quality of col-lege education and the learning gains of students have attracted much attention.It is important to study the influencing factors and mechanisms of individual stu-dents’acquisition of learning gains to improve the quality of talent cultivation in colleges.However,in the context of information security,the original data of learning situation surveys in various universities involve the security of educa-tional evaluation data and daily privacy of teachers and students.To protect the original data,data feature mining and correlation analyses were performed at the model level.This study selected 12,181 pieces of data from X University,which participated in the Chinese College Student Survey(CCSS)from 2018 to 2021.A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted and a structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS 24.0.Through hypothesis testing,this study explored the mechanisms that influence learning gains from the per-spectives of student involvement,teacher involvement,and school support.The results indicated that the quality of student involvement has an important mediat-ing effect on learning gains and that a supportive campus environment has the greatest influence on learning gains.Establishing positive emotional communica-tions between teachers and students is a more direct and effective method than improving the teaching level to improve the quality of student involvement.This study discusses the implications of these results on the research and practice of connotative development in higher education.展开更多
Meta-analytic structural equation modeling is a new research field which can help to explain the relationship between a group of variables in several studies by testing structural equation modeling.However,this method...Meta-analytic structural equation modeling is a new research field which can help to explain the relationship between a group of variables in several studies by testing structural equation modeling.However,this methodology is still not very popular in many countries and researchers due to lack of promotion.This report aim s to giv e a primer on the principle of m eta-analytic structural equation modeling and provid e a reference for subsequent researchers to conduct m eta-analytic structural equation modeling analysis.展开更多
This paper discusses the utilization of latent variable modeling related to occupational health and safety in the mining industry.Latent variable modeling,which is a statistical model that relates observable and laten...This paper discusses the utilization of latent variable modeling related to occupational health and safety in the mining industry.Latent variable modeling,which is a statistical model that relates observable and latent variables,could be used to facilitate researchers’understandings of the underlying constructs or hypothetical factors and their magnitude of effect that constitute a complex system.This enhanced understanding,in turn,can help emphasize the important factors to improve mine safety.The most commonly used techniques include the exploratory factor analysis(EFA),the confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)and the structural equation model with latent variables(SEM).A critical comparison of the three techniques regarding mine safety is provided.Possible applications of latent variable modeling in mining engineering are explored.In this scope,relevant research papers were reviewed.They suggest that the application of such methods could prove useful in mine accident and safety research.Application of latent variables analysis in cognitive work analysis was proposed to improve the understanding of human-work relationships in mining operations.展开更多
Theoretically speaking, it is impossible to make the differential equation of motion uncoupled for the natural modes of a system in consideration of the attached water. The hydro-elastic structure is equal to the non-...Theoretically speaking, it is impossible to make the differential equation of motion uncoupled for the natural modes of a system in consideration of the attached water. The hydro-elastic structure is equal to the non-proportional damping system. In this paper a perturbation analysis method is put forward. The structure motion equation is strictly solved mathematically, and the non-proportional damping problem is transformed into a series of proportional damping ones in the superposition form. The paper also presents the calculation formula of the dynamic response of the structure being subjected to harmonic and arbitrary load. The convergence of the proposed method is also studied in this paper, and the corresponding convergence conditions are given. Finally, the proposed method is used to analyze the displacement response of a real offshore platform. The calculation results show that this method has the characteristics of high accuracy and fast convergence.展开更多
A detailed fracture mechanics analysis of bridge-toughening in a fiber reinforced composite is presented in this paper. The integral equation governing bridge-toughening as well as crack opening displacement (COD) for...A detailed fracture mechanics analysis of bridge-toughening in a fiber reinforced composite is presented in this paper. The integral equation governing bridge-toughening as well as crack opening displacement (COD) for the composite with interfacial layer is derived from the Castigliano's theorem and interface shear-lag model. A numerical result of the COD equation is obtained using the iteration solution of the second Fredholm integral equation. In order to investigate the effect of various parameters on the toughening, an approximate analytical solution of the equation is present and its error analysis is performed, which demonstrates the approximate solution to be appropriate. A parametric study of the influence of the crack length, interfacial shear modules, thickness of the interphase, fiber radius, fiber volume fraction and properties of materials on composite toughening is therefore carried out. The results are useful for experimental demonstration and toughening design including the fabrication process of the composite.展开更多
A two parameter mathematical model was developed to find the concentration for immobilized enzyme systems in porous spherical particles. This model contains a non-linear term related to reversible Michaelies-Menten ki...A two parameter mathematical model was developed to find the concentration for immobilized enzyme systems in porous spherical particles. This model contains a non-linear term related to reversible Michaelies-Menten kinetics. Analytical expression pertaining to the substrate concentration was reported for all possible values of Thiele module φ and α . In this work, we report the theoretically evaluated steady-state effectiveness factor for immobilized enzyme systems in porous spherical particles. These analytical results were found to be in good agreement with numerical results. Moreover, herein we employ new “Homotopy analysis method” (HAM) to solve non-linear reaction/diffusion equation.展开更多
A three-dimensional （3-D） approach based on the state space method is proposed to study size-dependent mechanical properties of ultra-thin plate-like elastic structures considering surface effects. The structure is ...A three-dimensional （3-D） approach based on the state space method is proposed to study size-dependent mechanical properties of ultra-thin plate-like elastic structures considering surface effects. The structure is modeled as a laminate composed of a bulk bounded with upper and bottom surface layers, which are allowed to have different material properties from the bulk layer. State equations, including the surface properties of the structure, can be established on the basis of 3-D fundamental elasticity to analyze the size-dependent static characteristics of the thin plate-like structure. Compared with two-dimensional plate theories based size-dependent models for thin film structures in literature, the present 3-D approach is exact, which can provide benchmark results to assess the accuracy of 2-D plate theories and various numerical approaches. To show the feasibility of the proposed approach, a 3-D analytical solution for a simply supported plate-like thin structure including surface layers is derived. An algorithm is proposed for the calculation of the state equations obtained to ensure that the numerical results can reveal the surface effects clearly even for extremely thin surface layers. Numerical examples are carried out to exhibit the surface effects and some discussions are provided based on the results obtained.展开更多
In the 21st century, the surge in natural and human-induced disasters necessitates robust disaster managementframeworks. This research addresses a critical gap, exploring dynamics in the successful implementation andp...In the 21st century, the surge in natural and human-induced disasters necessitates robust disaster managementframeworks. This research addresses a critical gap, exploring dynamics in the successful implementation andperformance monitoring of disaster management. Focusing on eleven key elements like Vulnerability and RiskAssessment, Training, Disaster Preparedness, Communication, and Community Resilience, the study utilizesScopus Database for secondary data, employing Text Mining and MS-Excel for analysis and data management.IBM SPSS (26) and IBM AMOS (20) facilitate Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) for model evaluation.The research raises questions about crafting a comprehensive, adaptable model, understanding the interplaybetween vulnerability assessment, training, and disaster preparedness, and integrating effective communicationand collaboration. Findings offer actionable insights for policy, practice, and community resilience against disasters. By scrutinizing each factor's role and interactions, the research lays the groundwork for a flexible model.Ultimately, the study aspires to cultivate more resilient communities amid the escalating threats of an unpredictable world, fostering effective navigation and thriving.展开更多
Although friction characteristics of fault gouge are important to understand reactivation of fault,behavior of earthquake,and mechanism of slope failure,analysis results of fault gouge have low accuracy mostly than th...Although friction characteristics of fault gouge are important to understand reactivation of fault,behavior of earthquake,and mechanism of slope failure,analysis results of fault gouge have low accuracy mostly than those of soils or rocks due to its high heterogeneity and low strength.Therefore,to improve the accuracy of analysis results,we conducted simple regression analysis and structural equation model analysis and selected major influential factors of friction characteristics among many factors,and then we deduced advanced regression model with the highest coefficient of determination(R^(2)) via multiple regression analysis.Whereas most coefficients of determination in simple regression analysis are below0.3-0.4,coefficient of determination in multiple regression analysis is remarkably large as 0.657.展开更多
A new method of system failure analysis was proposed. First, considering the relationships between the failure subsystems,the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL) method was used to calculate the d...A new method of system failure analysis was proposed. First, considering the relationships between the failure subsystems,the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL) method was used to calculate the degree of correlation between the failure subsystems, analyze the combined effect of related failures, and obtain the degree of correlation by using the directed graph and matrix operations. Then, the interpretative structural modeling(ISM) method was combined to intuitively show the logical relationship of many failure subsystems and their influences on each other by using multilevel hierarchical structure model and obtaining the critical subsystems. Finally, failure mode effects and criticality analysis(FMECA) was used to perform a qualitative hazard analysis of critical subsystems, determine the critical failure mode, and clarify the direction of reliability improvement.Through an example, the result demonstrates that the proposed method can be efficiently applied to system failure analysis problems.展开更多
BACKGROUND There is an increasingly strong demand for appearance and physical beauty in social life,marriage,and other aspects with the development of society and the improvement of material living standards.An increa...BACKGROUND There is an increasingly strong demand for appearance and physical beauty in social life,marriage,and other aspects with the development of society and the improvement of material living standards.An increasing number of people have improved their appearance and physical shape through aesthetic plastic surgery.The female breast plays a significant role in physical beauty,and droopy or atrophied breasts can frequently lead to psychological inferiority and lack of confidence in women.This,in turn,can affect their mental health and quality of life.AIM To analyze preoperative and postoperative self-image pressure-level changes of autologous fat breast augmentation patients and their impact on social adaptability.METHODS We selected 160 patients who underwent autologous fat breast augmentation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 using random sampling method.The general information,selfimage pressure level,and social adaptability of the patients were investigated using a basic information survey,body image self-assessment scale,and social adaptability scale.The self-image pressure-level changes and their effects on the social adaptability of patients before and after autologous fat breast augmentation were analyzed.RESULTS We collected 142 valid questionnaires.The single-factor analysis results showed no statistically significant difference in the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score of patients with different ages,marital status,and monthly income.However,there were significant differences in social adaptability among patients with different education levels and employment statuses.The correlation analysis results revealed a significant correlation between the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score before and after surgery.Multiple factors analysis results showed that the degree of concern caused by appearance in selfimage pressure,the degree of possible behavioral intervention,the related distress caused by body image,and the influence of body image on social life influenced the social adaptability of autologous fat breast augmentation patients.CONCLUSION The self-image pressure on autologous fat breast augmentation patients is inversely proportional to their social adaptability.展开更多
Undergraduate student’s satisfaction is fundamental to creating and implementing successful higher education.The present study sought to identify the factors and analyses impact on satisfaction and service quality.Th...Undergraduate student’s satisfaction is fundamental to creating and implementing successful higher education.The present study sought to identify the factors and analyses impact on satisfaction and service quality.The research was carried out in Chinese higher education institution,with a sample of 1660 students.Based on the higher education satisfaction questionnaire,the“optimal path”model of problem improvement was constructed by applying the“structural equation model”,satisfaction and importance matrix diagram,improvement effect size and other tools.Eight major areas of three-dimensional improvement of“satisfaction,importance,and improvement effect”were formed.Identify the issues that students have urgent demands,high importance,and strong improvement effects.Scientifically analyze the main attention focus of each subgroup of students.Concentrate superior resources and strengths,formulate targeted measures and make key breakthroughs based on“light”,“heavy”,“slow”,“urgent”and“classified”.Provide suggestions for improving student’s satisfaction and promoting the development of high-quality connotative and characteristic development in higher education.展开更多
文摘Stakeholder analysis was conducted to define stakeholders and their role in clinical trials; a conceptual model and hypotheses regarding the relationship of each stakeholder were then constructed based on pharmaceutical regulations in China and interviews with experts; Amos 17.0 was utilized to test the model and path analysis. We found that government and hospital are the most powerful stakeholders, while the public and sponsor have little impact on clinical trials. Further measures should be taken by sponsors to promote the development of clinical trials, and the public should be more involved in clinical research.
基金This work was supported by the Education Department of Henan,China.The fund was obtained from the general project of the 14th Plan of Education Science of Henan Province in 2021(No.2021YB0037).
文摘With the expanding enrollments in higher education,the quality of col-lege education and the learning gains of students have attracted much attention.It is important to study the influencing factors and mechanisms of individual stu-dents’acquisition of learning gains to improve the quality of talent cultivation in colleges.However,in the context of information security,the original data of learning situation surveys in various universities involve the security of educa-tional evaluation data and daily privacy of teachers and students.To protect the original data,data feature mining and correlation analyses were performed at the model level.This study selected 12,181 pieces of data from X University,which participated in the Chinese College Student Survey(CCSS)from 2018 to 2021.A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted and a structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS 24.0.Through hypothesis testing,this study explored the mechanisms that influence learning gains from the per-spectives of student involvement,teacher involvement,and school support.The results indicated that the quality of student involvement has an important mediat-ing effect on learning gains and that a supportive campus environment has the greatest influence on learning gains.Establishing positive emotional communica-tions between teachers and students is a more direct and effective method than improving the teaching level to improve the quality of student involvement.This study discusses the implications of these results on the research and practice of connotative development in higher education.
文摘Meta-analytic structural equation modeling is a new research field which can help to explain the relationship between a group of variables in several studies by testing structural equation modeling.However,this methodology is still not very popular in many countries and researchers due to lack of promotion.This report aim s to giv e a primer on the principle of m eta-analytic structural equation modeling and provid e a reference for subsequent researchers to conduct m eta-analytic structural equation modeling analysis.
基金Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)(ID:236482)for supporting this research
文摘This paper discusses the utilization of latent variable modeling related to occupational health and safety in the mining industry.Latent variable modeling,which is a statistical model that relates observable and latent variables,could be used to facilitate researchers’understandings of the underlying constructs or hypothetical factors and their magnitude of effect that constitute a complex system.This enhanced understanding,in turn,can help emphasize the important factors to improve mine safety.The most commonly used techniques include the exploratory factor analysis(EFA),the confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)and the structural equation model with latent variables(SEM).A critical comparison of the three techniques regarding mine safety is provided.Possible applications of latent variable modeling in mining engineering are explored.In this scope,relevant research papers were reviewed.They suggest that the application of such methods could prove useful in mine accident and safety research.Application of latent variables analysis in cognitive work analysis was proposed to improve the understanding of human-work relationships in mining operations.
文摘Theoretically speaking, it is impossible to make the differential equation of motion uncoupled for the natural modes of a system in consideration of the attached water. The hydro-elastic structure is equal to the non-proportional damping system. In this paper a perturbation analysis method is put forward. The structure motion equation is strictly solved mathematically, and the non-proportional damping problem is transformed into a series of proportional damping ones in the superposition form. The paper also presents the calculation formula of the dynamic response of the structure being subjected to harmonic and arbitrary load. The convergence of the proposed method is also studied in this paper, and the corresponding convergence conditions are given. Finally, the proposed method is used to analyze the displacement response of a real offshore platform. The calculation results show that this method has the characteristics of high accuracy and fast convergence.
基金National Natural Science Foundatjon and China Postdoctoral Scjence Fbundation
文摘A detailed fracture mechanics analysis of bridge-toughening in a fiber reinforced composite is presented in this paper. The integral equation governing bridge-toughening as well as crack opening displacement (COD) for the composite with interfacial layer is derived from the Castigliano's theorem and interface shear-lag model. A numerical result of the COD equation is obtained using the iteration solution of the second Fredholm integral equation. In order to investigate the effect of various parameters on the toughening, an approximate analytical solution of the equation is present and its error analysis is performed, which demonstrates the approximate solution to be appropriate. A parametric study of the influence of the crack length, interfacial shear modules, thickness of the interphase, fiber radius, fiber volume fraction and properties of materials on composite toughening is therefore carried out. The results are useful for experimental demonstration and toughening design including the fabrication process of the composite.
文摘A two parameter mathematical model was developed to find the concentration for immobilized enzyme systems in porous spherical particles. This model contains a non-linear term related to reversible Michaelies-Menten kinetics. Analytical expression pertaining to the substrate concentration was reported for all possible values of Thiele module φ and α . In this work, we report the theoretically evaluated steady-state effectiveness factor for immobilized enzyme systems in porous spherical particles. These analytical results were found to be in good agreement with numerical results. Moreover, herein we employ new “Homotopy analysis method” (HAM) to solve non-linear reaction/diffusion equation.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.070414190).
文摘A three-dimensional （3-D） approach based on the state space method is proposed to study size-dependent mechanical properties of ultra-thin plate-like elastic structures considering surface effects. The structure is modeled as a laminate composed of a bulk bounded with upper and bottom surface layers, which are allowed to have different material properties from the bulk layer. State equations, including the surface properties of the structure, can be established on the basis of 3-D fundamental elasticity to analyze the size-dependent static characteristics of the thin plate-like structure. Compared with two-dimensional plate theories based size-dependent models for thin film structures in literature, the present 3-D approach is exact, which can provide benchmark results to assess the accuracy of 2-D plate theories and various numerical approaches. To show the feasibility of the proposed approach, a 3-D analytical solution for a simply supported plate-like thin structure including surface layers is derived. An algorithm is proposed for the calculation of the state equations obtained to ensure that the numerical results can reveal the surface effects clearly even for extremely thin surface layers. Numerical examples are carried out to exhibit the surface effects and some discussions are provided based on the results obtained.
文摘In the 21st century, the surge in natural and human-induced disasters necessitates robust disaster managementframeworks. This research addresses a critical gap, exploring dynamics in the successful implementation andperformance monitoring of disaster management. Focusing on eleven key elements like Vulnerability and RiskAssessment, Training, Disaster Preparedness, Communication, and Community Resilience, the study utilizesScopus Database for secondary data, employing Text Mining and MS-Excel for analysis and data management.IBM SPSS (26) and IBM AMOS (20) facilitate Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) for model evaluation.The research raises questions about crafting a comprehensive, adaptable model, understanding the interplaybetween vulnerability assessment, training, and disaster preparedness, and integrating effective communicationand collaboration. Findings offer actionable insights for policy, practice, and community resilience against disasters. By scrutinizing each factor's role and interactions, the research lays the groundwork for a flexible model.Ultimately, the study aspires to cultivate more resilient communities amid the escalating threats of an unpredictable world, fostering effective navigation and thriving.
基金supported by Postdoctoral Fellowship Program funded by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea through the Chungbuk National University in 2020。
文摘Although friction characteristics of fault gouge are important to understand reactivation of fault,behavior of earthquake,and mechanism of slope failure,analysis results of fault gouge have low accuracy mostly than those of soils or rocks due to its high heterogeneity and low strength.Therefore,to improve the accuracy of analysis results,we conducted simple regression analysis and structural equation model analysis and selected major influential factors of friction characteristics among many factors,and then we deduced advanced regression model with the highest coefficient of determination(R^(2)) via multiple regression analysis.Whereas most coefficients of determination in simple regression analysis are below0.3-0.4,coefficient of determination in multiple regression analysis is remarkably large as 0.657.
基金Project(51275205)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A new method of system failure analysis was proposed. First, considering the relationships between the failure subsystems,the decision making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL) method was used to calculate the degree of correlation between the failure subsystems, analyze the combined effect of related failures, and obtain the degree of correlation by using the directed graph and matrix operations. Then, the interpretative structural modeling(ISM) method was combined to intuitively show the logical relationship of many failure subsystems and their influences on each other by using multilevel hierarchical structure model and obtaining the critical subsystems. Finally, failure mode effects and criticality analysis(FMECA) was used to perform a qualitative hazard analysis of critical subsystems, determine the critical failure mode, and clarify the direction of reliability improvement.Through an example, the result demonstrates that the proposed method can be efficiently applied to system failure analysis problems.
文摘BACKGROUND There is an increasingly strong demand for appearance and physical beauty in social life,marriage,and other aspects with the development of society and the improvement of material living standards.An increasing number of people have improved their appearance and physical shape through aesthetic plastic surgery.The female breast plays a significant role in physical beauty,and droopy or atrophied breasts can frequently lead to psychological inferiority and lack of confidence in women.This,in turn,can affect their mental health and quality of life.AIM To analyze preoperative and postoperative self-image pressure-level changes of autologous fat breast augmentation patients and their impact on social adaptability.METHODS We selected 160 patients who underwent autologous fat breast augmentation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 using random sampling method.The general information,selfimage pressure level,and social adaptability of the patients were investigated using a basic information survey,body image self-assessment scale,and social adaptability scale.The self-image pressure-level changes and their effects on the social adaptability of patients before and after autologous fat breast augmentation were analyzed.RESULTS We collected 142 valid questionnaires.The single-factor analysis results showed no statistically significant difference in the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score of patients with different ages,marital status,and monthly income.However,there were significant differences in social adaptability among patients with different education levels and employment statuses.The correlation analysis results revealed a significant correlation between the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score before and after surgery.Multiple factors analysis results showed that the degree of concern caused by appearance in selfimage pressure,the degree of possible behavioral intervention,the related distress caused by body image,and the influence of body image on social life influenced the social adaptability of autologous fat breast augmentation patients.CONCLUSION The self-image pressure on autologous fat breast augmentation patients is inversely proportional to their social adaptability.
基金supported by the Chongqing Education Science Planning funds,and the project is 2021-GX-114.
文摘Undergraduate student’s satisfaction is fundamental to creating and implementing successful higher education.The present study sought to identify the factors and analyses impact on satisfaction and service quality.The research was carried out in Chinese higher education institution,with a sample of 1660 students.Based on the higher education satisfaction questionnaire,the“optimal path”model of problem improvement was constructed by applying the“structural equation model”,satisfaction and importance matrix diagram,improvement effect size and other tools.Eight major areas of three-dimensional improvement of“satisfaction,importance,and improvement effect”were formed.Identify the issues that students have urgent demands,high importance,and strong improvement effects.Scientifically analyze the main attention focus of each subgroup of students.Concentrate superior resources and strengths,formulate targeted measures and make key breakthroughs based on“light”,“heavy”,“slow”,“urgent”and“classified”.Provide suggestions for improving student’s satisfaction and promoting the development of high-quality connotative and characteristic development in higher education.
