The laser pulse modulation instabilities in partially stripped plasma were discussed based on the phase and group velocities of the laser pulse and the two processes that modulation instabilities excited. The excitati...The laser pulse modulation instabilities in partially stripped plasma were discussed based on the phase and group velocities of the laser pulse and the two processes that modulation instabilities excited. The excitation condition and growth rate of the modulation instability were obtained. It was found that the positive chirp and competition between normal and abnormal dispersions play important roles in the modulation instability. In the partially stripped plasma, the increased positive chirp enhances the modulation instability, and the dispersion competition reduces it.展开更多
The stripped stem borer (SSB),Chilo suppressalis (Walker) is one ofthe major insect pests of rice in Chi-na. Chemical control has been acommon practice in SSB managementsince 1950s. Insecticides used in-cluded BHC bef...The stripped stem borer (SSB),Chilo suppressalis (Walker) is one ofthe major insect pests of rice in Chi-na. Chemical control has been acommon practice in SSB managementsince 1950s. Insecticides used in-cluded BHC before 1983; organophos-展开更多
The values of direct double- to-single ionization ratio R of helium atoms induced by C^q＋, O^q＋ （q = 1 -4） ions at incident energies from 0.2 to 8.5MeV are measured. Based on the existing model （Shao J X, Chen X ...The values of direct double- to-single ionization ratio R of helium atoms induced by C^q＋, O^q＋ （q = 1 -4） ions at incident energies from 0.2 to 8.5MeV are measured. Based on the existing model （Shao J X, Chen X M and Ding B W 2007 Phys. Rev. A 75 012701） the effective charge of the projectile is introduced to theoretically estimate the value of R for the partially stripped ions impacting on helium atoms. The results calculated from our ＂effective charge＂ model are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the dependence of the effective charge on the ionization energy of the projectile is also discussed qualitatively.展开更多
The effects of the nonlinear polarization in a partially stripped plasma on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) process of a strong laser are discussed. A set of nonlineax mode coupling equations and the linear grow...The effects of the nonlinear polarization in a partially stripped plasma on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) process of a strong laser are discussed. A set of nonlineax mode coupling equations and the linear growth rate of SBS instability is derived, respectively. When the intensity of an incident laser Io > 10^(17) W/cm^2, the third order susceptibility X(3) will reduce the above mentioned linear growth rate enormously. If taking the maximum value of the second order susceptibility X(2), the growth rate may be decreased observably when Io > 10_^(14)W/cm2. Furthermore, the nonlinear susceptibility can affect the nonlinear evolution of SBS much extensively.展开更多
In this work, the suitability of lipid stripping as an alternative model of stratum corneum for plasma medical studies was investigated. Plasma treatment experiments were performed on samples prepared by the cyanoacry...In this work, the suitability of lipid stripping as an alternative model of stratum corneum for plasma medical studies was investigated. Plasma treatment experiments were performed on samples prepared by the cyanoacrylat stripping method. Therefore, two different dielectric barrier discharge-based plasma sources driven by high-voltage pulses in the microsecond and nanosecond range were applied. The lipid sample heating, change in pH-value, and the interaction with plasma-induced UV-radiation are presented and discussed with respect to existing findings on skin samples. After the plasma treatment, the lipid stripping shows similar changes compared to human skin relating to sample heating and pH-value. The investigation of the interplay with UV- radiation shows a high absorption in the wavelength range of 250 nm up to 400 nm. Further, the thickness, surface structure, and composition of lipid stripping samples were determined. The stripped sample shows a thickness of 3 ± 1 μm whereby approximately 30% of the sample surface is covered by lipids. In addition, it was shown that there are no changes in structure caused by the sample preparation. Based on the results of this work, it can be stated that lipid stripping represents an appropriate skin model for plasma medical investigations.展开更多
AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet(DUV)laser diodes(LDs)face performance challenges due to elec-tron leakage and poor hole injection which is often worsened by polarization effects from conventional elec-tron blocking layer...AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet(DUV)laser diodes(LDs)face performance challenges due to elec-tron leakage and poor hole injection which is often worsened by polarization effects from conventional elec-tron blocking layers(EBLs).To overcome these limitations,we propose an EBL-free DUV LD design incor-porating a 1-nm undoped Al_(0.8)Ga_(0.2)N thin strip layer after the last quantum barrier.Using PICS3D simula-tions,we evaluate the optical and electrical characteristics.Results show a significant increase in effective electron barrier height(from 158.2 meV to 420.7 meV)and a reduction in hole barrier height(from 149.2 meV to 62.8 meV),which enhance hole injection and reduce electron leakage.The optimized structure(LD3)achieves a 14%increase in output power,improved slope efficiency(1.85 W/A),and lower threshold current.This design also reduces the quantum confined Stark effect and forms dual hole accumulation regions,im-proving recombination efficiency.展开更多
Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detecti...Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus.The fluorescent microsphere-based lateral flow test strip demonstrated a sensitivity of 10^(1.7)TCID_(50)/0.1 mL,which is fourfold higher than that of the colloidal gold-based assay.Porcine deltacoronavirus(PDCoV)is a recently identified enteric coronavirus that causes an acute infectious disease in piglets,leading to diarrhea,vomiting,dehydration,and mortality(Hu et al.2015).展开更多
The Cu-12Fe alloy has attracted significant attention due to its excellent electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding capability,high strength,cost-effectiveness,and recyclability.In the present work,the Cu...The Cu-12Fe alloy has attracted significant attention due to its excellent electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding capability,high strength,cost-effectiveness,and recyclability.In the present work,the Cu-12Fe alloy strip with the thickness of 2.4 mm was successfully produced by twin-roll strip casting.The microstructure and properties of the Cu-12Fe alloy were tailored by cold rolling and aging treatment.The tensile strength of the as-cast strip is approximately 328 MPa and its elongation is 25%.The Fe phase randomly dispersed in the matrix,and the average size of Fe-rich phase is 2μm.Besides,enrichment of Fe phase is observed in the central layer of the strip,results in the formation of the“sandwich structure”.Moreover,the as-cast strip of Cu-12Fe was directly cold-rolled from 2.4 to 0.12 mm.The directly cold-rolled sample after aging at 450℃for 16 h(ProcessⅠ)shows excellent electrical conductivity of 69.5%IACS,the tensile strength and elongation are 513 MPa and 3.8%,the saturation magnetic flux density is 20.1 emu·g^(-1),and the coercive force is 25.2 Oe.In ProcessⅡ,the as-cast strip firstly cold-rolled to 1.2 mm,then aged at 500℃for 1.5 h,followed by cold rolling to 0.12 mm,finally aged at 450℃for 16 h.The sample after ProcessⅡshows the electrical conductivity of 66.3%IACS,the tensile strength of 533 MPa,an elongation of 3.5%,saturation magnetic flux density of 21.4 emu·g^(-1),and the coercive force of 22.3 Oe.展开更多
Flavonoids produced by legume roots act as signaling molecules that induce the expression of nod genes in symbiotic rhizobia.However,the role of flavonoids in root exudates under intercropping systems in promoting soy...Flavonoids produced by legume roots act as signaling molecules that induce the expression of nod genes in symbiotic rhizobia.However,the role of flavonoids in root exudates under intercropping systems in promoting soybean nodulation remains unclear.Two consecutive years of field experiments were conducted using maize–soybean strip intercropping with interspecific row spacings of 30 cm(MS30),45 cm(MS45),and 60 cm(MS60),along with sole cropping of soybean(SS)and maize(MM).Root interactions were manipulated using either no root barrier(NB)or a polyethylene plastic barrier(PB)to assess the relationship between flavonoids in root exudates and soybean nodulation.We found that root–root interaction between soybean and maize increased nodule number and fresh weight in intercropped soybean,with enhancement gradually increasing as interspecific distance widened.The proportion of nodules with diameters exceeding 0.4 cm was higher in intercropped soybean under NB compared to PB.Additionally,the expression of nodule-related genes-GmENOD40,Gm NIN2b,and Gm EXPB2-was up-regulated.Furthermore,compared to monocropping,isoflavone secretion by soybean roots decreased,whereas flavonoid and flavonol secretion by both maize and soybean roots increased under intercropping.The abundance of differentially secreted flavonoid metabolites in the rhizosphere of both species declined when root contact was prevented by the barrier.In soybean roots,the expression of Gm CHS8 and Gm IFS1 was up-regulated,while Gm ICHG was down-regulated under root interaction.Most flavonoid and flavonol compounds showed positive correlations with nodule diameter.Nodule number,fresh weight,and the proportion of nodules larger than 0.2 cm increased in diverse soybean genotypes treated with maize root exudates,which contributed to enhanced nitrogen fixation capacity.Therefore,maize–soybean strip intercropping,combined with optimal row spacing,enhances the positive effects of underground root interactions and improves nodulation and nitrogen fixation in intercropped soybean.展开更多
In response to the challenges of inadequate predictive accuracy and limited generalization capability in data-driven modeling for the mechanical properties of the cold-rolled strip steel,a predictive modeling method n...In response to the challenges of inadequate predictive accuracy and limited generalization capability in data-driven modeling for the mechanical properties of the cold-rolled strip steel,a predictive modeling method named RFR-WOA is developed based on random forest regression(RFR)and whale optimization algorithm(WOA).Firstly,using Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis and Gini coefficient importance ranking on an actual production dataset containing 37,878 samples,22 key variables are selected as model inputs from 112 variables that affect mechanical properties.Subsequently,an RFR-based predictive model for the mechanical properties of cold-rolled strip steel is constructed.Then,with the combination of the coefficient of determination(R^(2))and root mean square error as the optimization objective,the hyperparameters of RFR model are iteratively optimized using WOA,and better predictive effectiveness is obtained.Finally,the mechanical properties prediction model based on RFR-WOA is compared with models established using deep neural networks,convolutional neural networks,and other methods.The test results on 9469 samples of actual production data show that the model developed present has better predictive accuracy and generalization capability.展开更多
Urban tunnels are often built in multiples,yet the influence of surface structures on their support demands is frequently overlooked,highlighting the need for refined design under realistic loading.This study addresse...Urban tunnels are often built in multiples,yet the influence of surface structures on their support demands is frequently overlooked,highlighting the need for refined design under realistic loading.This study addresses this gap by examining the response of a uniformly loaded strip footing above twin horseshoe tunnels with structural linings.A non-dimensional Footing Stability Improvement Factor(I_(f)),defined as the ratio of ultimate bearing capacity with and without lining to that of a footing on intact rock—is evaluated using adaptive finite element limit analysis.The effects of normalized vertical depth of tunnel,normalised horizontal spacing of tunnel,and lining-thickness factor are examined,providing key insights into foundation-tunnel interaction and support optimization.This study finds that,for unlined twin tunnels,footing-tunnel interaction becomes negligible when embedment exceeds four times of footing widths and tunnel spacing surpasses eleven times of footing widths,beyond which additional support is unnecessary.For lined tunnels,the tunnel-lining thickness required to maintain footing stability equivalent to that on intact rock decreases rapidly with embedment depth.At a tunnel spacing equal to onehalf of the footing width,the critical lining-thickness ratio is about six percent of the footing width at a tunnel depth of half the footing width,reducing to approximately five,four,and three percent at depths of one,one-and-a-half,and two footing widths,and asymptotically approaching nearly one percent for embedment depths exceeding two-and-a-half footing widths.Additionally,rock mass parameters exhibit minimal impact(±2%)on I_(f).The results show that failure mechanisms in footing-tunnel systems are primarily governed by tunnels-positional parmeters,and lining thickness.The study presents a mechanistic framework that delineates the critical depth-spacing-thickness regimes controlling twin-tunnel behavior,providing engineers with clear design boundaries and performance-based lining guidelines to improve the stability of both tunnels and overlying foundations.展开更多
Echinococcus is a zoonotic parasite and 1 of 17 neglected tropical diseases with a worldwide distribution.The World Health Organization(WHO)targeted for control or elimination by 2050[1,2].Two main species of Echinoco...Echinococcus is a zoonotic parasite and 1 of 17 neglected tropical diseases with a worldwide distribution.The World Health Organization(WHO)targeted for control or elimination by 2050[1,2].Two main species of Echinococcus infect humans:Echinococcus granulosus,causing cystic echinococcosis(CE),and Echinococcus multilocularis(EM),causing alveolar echinococcosis(AE)[3].AE is much rarer but far more severe than CE and ranks as one of the most dangerous helminthic zoonoses in the world[4,5].Humans are rare aberrant intermediate hosts and typically become infected through the ingestion of EM eggs shed in the feces of definitive hosts[6].After an incubation period of many years,humans may develop AE[7].While slow-growing,AE is a devastating clinical condition characterized by silent progression and infiltrative proliferation of the parasite,mimicking a malignancy[7].Without appropriate treatment,AE has a death rate of more than 90%within 10 years of diagnosis[5].For this reason,AE must be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with a hepatic mass or malignancy.展开更多
Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional ...Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional crown control method is no longer sufficient to meet the precision requirements of schedule-free rolling.To address this limitation,an optimization framework for hot-rolled strip crown control was developed based on model-driven digital twin(MDDT).This framework enhances the strip crown control precision by facilitating collaborative operations among physical entities,virtual models,and functional application layers.In virtual modeling,a data-driven approach that integrates the extreme gradient boosting and the improved Harris hawk optimization algorithm was firstly proposed to fit the relationship between key process parameters and strip crown,and a global-local collaborative training strategy was proposed to enhance the model adaptability to diverse working conditions.Subsequently,the influence of crucial process factors on the virtual model was examined through model responses.Furthermore,a novel optimization mode for crown control based on MDDT was established by aligning and reconstructing both the physical and virtual models,thereby enhancing the crown control precision.Finally,data trials were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.The results indicated that the proposed method exhibited satisfactory performance and could be effectively utilized to improve the crown control precision.展开更多
A constitutive model considering the size effect was established to investigate the behavior of CoCrNi medium entropy alloy ultrathin strip in different deformation stages during the uniaxial quasi-static tensile test...A constitutive model considering the size effect was established to investigate the behavior of CoCrNi medium entropy alloy ultrathin strip in different deformation stages during the uniaxial quasi-static tensile test.Results show that when the t/d value is lower than 10.62,the CoCrNi alloy ultrathin strip shows an obvious size-dependent property in the elastic deformation stage.With the decrease in t/d value,the volume fraction of the surface layer grains is increased,leading to the linear decrease in flow stress.In the plastic deformation stage,the material stiffness is correlated with the t/d value.Specifically,as the t/d value increases,the work-hardening capacity of the material is enhanced.When the t/d value increases to 10,the work-hardening capacity reaches a maximum state;when the t/d value is beyond 10,the work-hardening capacity weakens.展开更多
A cobalt-based metal-organic framework[Co_(3)(L)_(2)(1,4-bib)_(4)]·4H_(2)O(Co-MOF)was prepared using 5-[(4-carboxyphenoxy)methyl]isophthalic acid(H_(3)L)and 1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene(1,4-bib)as ligands.The...A cobalt-based metal-organic framework[Co_(3)(L)_(2)(1,4-bib)_(4)]·4H_(2)O(Co-MOF)was prepared using 5-[(4-carboxyphenoxy)methyl]isophthalic acid(H_(3)L)and 1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene(1,4-bib)as ligands.Then,an electrochemical sensor modified with Co-MOF on a glassy carbon electrode(Co-MOF@GCE)was constructed for detecting Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)in aqueous solutions.The sensor exhibited a linear range of 1.0-16.0µmol·L^(-1)with a detection limit(LOD)of 4.609 nmol·L^(-1)for Cd^(2+),and 0.5-10.0µmol·L^(-1)with an LOD of 1.307 nmol·L^(-1)for Pb^(2+).Simultaneous detection of both ions within 0.5-7.0µmol·L^(-1)achieved LOD values of 0.47 nmol·L^(-1)(Cd^(2+))and 0.008 nmol·L^(-1)(Pb^(2+)),respectively.Analysis of real water samples(tap water,mineral water,and river water)yielded recoveries of 95%-105%,validating practical applicability.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that synergistic interactions between cobalt centers and N/O atoms enhance adsorption and electron-transfer efficiency.CCDC:2160744.展开更多
[Objectives]To address the weeding challenges within the corn and soybean strip intercropping field and identify appropriate herbicide types and application methods suitable for the corn and soybean strip intercroppin...[Objectives]To address the weeding challenges within the corn and soybean strip intercropping field and identify appropriate herbicide types and application methods suitable for the corn and soybean strip intercropping fields in Siyang County.[Methods]The trial comprised six herbicide treatments and one blank control,with investigations conducted to assess efficacy,safety,and yield.[Results]Each herbicide treatment effectively controlled weeds,demonstrated high safety,and enhanced the yields of both soybeans and corn.The combined application of soil sealing with stem and leaf spray exhibited superior overall weed control compared to soil sealing alone.At 28 d following stem and leaf spray,the plant control effect and fresh weight control effect against weeds in the combined treatment of soil sealing with stem and leaf spray all exceeded 89%.[Conclusions]This study offers technical support for advancing the practice of strip intercropping between corn and soybeans.展开更多
This study focuses on the evaluation of the ammonia(NH_(3))stripping and the sizing of a sludge treatment plant,based on experimental results obtained at the station Sonfonia(Conakry,Guinea),based on the Heins-Coll mo...This study focuses on the evaluation of the ammonia(NH_(3))stripping and the sizing of a sludge treatment plant,based on experimental results obtained at the station Sonfonia(Conakry,Guinea),based on the Heins-Coll model.The targeted physicochemical parameters are temperature,the pH and nitrogenous forms NH_(3)/NH_(4)^(+).The nitrogen stripping process is described using the Azov and Goldman mathematical model,which allows for the estimation of the concentration of stripped ammonia nitrogen(N-NH_(3))as a function of temperature and pH.The methodology is based on sampling the liquid fraction at different levels of the station,followed by physicochemical analyses and a comparative interpretation of the results.The average results obtained for the period 2022-2023 at the plant inlet are as follows:temperature of 29.71℃,pH of 7.74,and NH_(3)concentration of 28.76 mg/L.These values show that the ammonia load of the incoming sludge is significantly lower than that considered in the initial design of the plant(142 mg/L).Monitoring the flow of the effluent through the four lagoons reveals a progressive decrease in concentrations,with average values of 29.66℃ and pH of 7.66.And NH_(3)of 16.91 mg/L,reflecting a significant purification performance of the lagoon system.Nitrogen stripping tests were conducted in 2023 at Lagoon 1,based on six observation points.The application of the Azov and Goldman model yielded the following results:temperature of 32.15℃,pH of 9.62,NH_(4)^(+)of 37.82 mg/L,NH_(3)of 29.83 mg/L,with an NH_(3)/NH_(4)^(+)ratio of 78.78%,confirming the determining influence of pH and temperature on the effectiveness of ammonia stripping.In conclusion,the analysis of the treatment performance of the Sonfonia sludge treatment plant highlights the relevance and robustness of the Azov and Goldman model,combined with the Heins-Coll model,for understanding nitrogen stripping mechanisms.The results obtained provide a reliable scientific basis for the optimization and design of new sludge treatment plants adapted to tropical climatic conditions.展开更多
The existence of significant core-surface temperature differences in the strips during the rolling process in the endless strip production line leads to low accuracy in calculating the hot rolling force model assuming...The existence of significant core-surface temperature differences in the strips during the rolling process in the endless strip production line leads to low accuracy in calculating the hot rolling force model assuming uniform temperature.This paper divides the deformation zone of strips into cells along the thick and the roll direction considering the non-uniform distribution of temperature,strain,strain rate in the thick direction cell of the strips,and the change of deformation resistance in the roll direction cell of strips.Then this study separately establishes the temperature matrix,strain matrix,and strain rate matrix on the"thick direction-roll direction"of strips,and constructs a deformation resistance calculation model based on the matrix cell.Further,a model for calculating rolling forces applicable to this production line was derived based on the Orowan equilibrium differential equation.The accuracy of the rolling force model and temperature variation patterns of the thick-directional units of the rolled parts during rolling were verified by hot rolling simulation experiments on a strip with an embedded block of the same material.Take an endless strip production line in China as an example to carry out simulation calculations of Q235 material.The results show that the average calculation error of the model built in this paper is 4.4%.Simulation and error analysis of multiple materials and multiple specifications of strip steel show that the prediction accuracy of the model in this paper meets the requirements of the production line,which provides theoretical support for the formulation and optimization of the rolling process of this production line.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10276002）.
文摘The laser pulse modulation instabilities in partially stripped plasma were discussed based on the phase and group velocities of the laser pulse and the two processes that modulation instabilities excited. The excitation condition and growth rate of the modulation instability were obtained. It was found that the positive chirp and competition between normal and abnormal dispersions play important roles in the modulation instability. In the partially stripped plasma, the increased positive chirp enhances the modulation instability, and the dispersion competition reduces it.
文摘The stripped stem borer (SSB),Chilo suppressalis (Walker) is one ofthe major insect pests of rice in Chi-na. Chemical control has been acommon practice in SSB managementsince 1950s. Insecticides used in-cluded BHC before 1983; organophos-
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10775063)
文摘The values of direct double- to-single ionization ratio R of helium atoms induced by C^q＋, O^q＋ （q = 1 -4） ions at incident energies from 0.2 to 8.5MeV are measured. Based on the existing model （Shao J X, Chen X M and Ding B W 2007 Phys. Rev. A 75 012701） the effective charge of the projectile is introduced to theoretically estimate the value of R for the partially stripped ions impacting on helium atoms. The results calculated from our ＂effective charge＂ model are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the dependence of the effective charge on the ionization energy of the projectile is also discussed qualitatively.
文摘The effects of the nonlinear polarization in a partially stripped plasma on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) process of a strong laser are discussed. A set of nonlineax mode coupling equations and the linear growth rate of SBS instability is derived, respectively. When the intensity of an incident laser Io > 10^(17) W/cm^2, the third order susceptibility X(3) will reduce the above mentioned linear growth rate enormously. If taking the maximum value of the second order susceptibility X(2), the growth rate may be decreased observably when Io > 10_^(14)W/cm2. Furthermore, the nonlinear susceptibility can affect the nonlinear evolution of SBS much extensively.
基金supported by the European Regional Development Funds(EFRE)and the Workgroup Innovative Projects of Lower Saxony(AGiP)in the frame of the Lower Saxony Innovation Network for Plasma Technology(NIP),project funding reference number W2-80029388.
文摘In this work, the suitability of lipid stripping as an alternative model of stratum corneum for plasma medical studies was investigated. Plasma treatment experiments were performed on samples prepared by the cyanoacrylat stripping method. Therefore, two different dielectric barrier discharge-based plasma sources driven by high-voltage pulses in the microsecond and nanosecond range were applied. The lipid sample heating, change in pH-value, and the interaction with plasma-induced UV-radiation are presented and discussed with respect to existing findings on skin samples. After the plasma treatment, the lipid stripping shows similar changes compared to human skin relating to sample heating and pH-value. The investigation of the interplay with UV- radiation shows a high absorption in the wavelength range of 250 nm up to 400 nm. Further, the thickness, surface structure, and composition of lipid stripping samples were determined. The stripped sample shows a thickness of 3 ± 1 μm whereby approximately 30% of the sample surface is covered by lipids. In addition, it was shown that there are no changes in structure caused by the sample preparation. Based on the results of this work, it can be stated that lipid stripping represents an appropriate skin model for plasma medical investigations.
文摘AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet(DUV)laser diodes(LDs)face performance challenges due to elec-tron leakage and poor hole injection which is often worsened by polarization effects from conventional elec-tron blocking layers(EBLs).To overcome these limitations,we propose an EBL-free DUV LD design incor-porating a 1-nm undoped Al_(0.8)Ga_(0.2)N thin strip layer after the last quantum barrier.Using PICS3D simula-tions,we evaluate the optical and electrical characteristics.Results show a significant increase in effective electron barrier height(from 158.2 meV to 420.7 meV)and a reduction in hole barrier height(from 149.2 meV to 62.8 meV),which enhance hole injection and reduce electron leakage.The optimized structure(LD3)achieves a 14%increase in output power,improved slope efficiency(1.85 W/A),and lower threshold current.This design also reduces the quantum confined Stark effect and forms dual hole accumulation regions,im-proving recombination efficiency.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0703600)。
文摘Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus.The fluorescent microsphere-based lateral flow test strip demonstrated a sensitivity of 10^(1.7)TCID_(50)/0.1 mL,which is fourfold higher than that of the colloidal gold-based assay.Porcine deltacoronavirus(PDCoV)is a recently identified enteric coronavirus that causes an acute infectious disease in piglets,leading to diarrhea,vomiting,dehydration,and mortality(Hu et al.2015).
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(2022-MS-109)the Key Research and Development Program of Liaoning Province(2023JH2/101800045)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Peoples Republic of China(ZZ2021006).
文摘The Cu-12Fe alloy has attracted significant attention due to its excellent electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding capability,high strength,cost-effectiveness,and recyclability.In the present work,the Cu-12Fe alloy strip with the thickness of 2.4 mm was successfully produced by twin-roll strip casting.The microstructure and properties of the Cu-12Fe alloy were tailored by cold rolling and aging treatment.The tensile strength of the as-cast strip is approximately 328 MPa and its elongation is 25%.The Fe phase randomly dispersed in the matrix,and the average size of Fe-rich phase is 2μm.Besides,enrichment of Fe phase is observed in the central layer of the strip,results in the formation of the“sandwich structure”.Moreover,the as-cast strip of Cu-12Fe was directly cold-rolled from 2.4 to 0.12 mm.The directly cold-rolled sample after aging at 450℃for 16 h(ProcessⅠ)shows excellent electrical conductivity of 69.5%IACS,the tensile strength and elongation are 513 MPa and 3.8%,the saturation magnetic flux density is 20.1 emu·g^(-1),and the coercive force is 25.2 Oe.In ProcessⅡ,the as-cast strip firstly cold-rolled to 1.2 mm,then aged at 500℃for 1.5 h,followed by cold rolling to 0.12 mm,finally aged at 450℃for 16 h.The sample after ProcessⅡshows the electrical conductivity of 66.3%IACS,the tensile strength of 533 MPa,an elongation of 3.5%,saturation magnetic flux density of 21.4 emu·g^(-1),and the coercive force of 22.3 Oe.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372231)(3187101212)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-04-PS21)。
文摘Flavonoids produced by legume roots act as signaling molecules that induce the expression of nod genes in symbiotic rhizobia.However,the role of flavonoids in root exudates under intercropping systems in promoting soybean nodulation remains unclear.Two consecutive years of field experiments were conducted using maize–soybean strip intercropping with interspecific row spacings of 30 cm(MS30),45 cm(MS45),and 60 cm(MS60),along with sole cropping of soybean(SS)and maize(MM).Root interactions were manipulated using either no root barrier(NB)or a polyethylene plastic barrier(PB)to assess the relationship between flavonoids in root exudates and soybean nodulation.We found that root–root interaction between soybean and maize increased nodule number and fresh weight in intercropped soybean,with enhancement gradually increasing as interspecific distance widened.The proportion of nodules with diameters exceeding 0.4 cm was higher in intercropped soybean under NB compared to PB.Additionally,the expression of nodule-related genes-GmENOD40,Gm NIN2b,and Gm EXPB2-was up-regulated.Furthermore,compared to monocropping,isoflavone secretion by soybean roots decreased,whereas flavonoid and flavonol secretion by both maize and soybean roots increased under intercropping.The abundance of differentially secreted flavonoid metabolites in the rhizosphere of both species declined when root contact was prevented by the barrier.In soybean roots,the expression of Gm CHS8 and Gm IFS1 was up-regulated,while Gm ICHG was down-regulated under root interaction.Most flavonoid and flavonol compounds showed positive correlations with nodule diameter.Nodule number,fresh weight,and the proportion of nodules larger than 0.2 cm increased in diverse soybean genotypes treated with maize root exudates,which contributed to enhanced nitrogen fixation capacity.Therefore,maize–soybean strip intercropping,combined with optimal row spacing,enhances the positive effects of underground root interactions and improves nodulation and nitrogen fixation in intercropped soybean.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 62573375)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant F2024203038)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Research and Development Plan Project of Qinhuangdao City(Grant 202302B048)the Provincial Key Laboratory Performance Subsidy Project(Grant 22567612H)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Youth Project(ZR2023QF044)。
文摘In response to the challenges of inadequate predictive accuracy and limited generalization capability in data-driven modeling for the mechanical properties of the cold-rolled strip steel,a predictive modeling method named RFR-WOA is developed based on random forest regression(RFR)and whale optimization algorithm(WOA).Firstly,using Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis and Gini coefficient importance ranking on an actual production dataset containing 37,878 samples,22 key variables are selected as model inputs from 112 variables that affect mechanical properties.Subsequently,an RFR-based predictive model for the mechanical properties of cold-rolled strip steel is constructed.Then,with the combination of the coefficient of determination(R^(2))and root mean square error as the optimization objective,the hyperparameters of RFR model are iteratively optimized using WOA,and better predictive effectiveness is obtained.Finally,the mechanical properties prediction model based on RFR-WOA is compared with models established using deep neural networks,convolutional neural networks,and other methods.The test results on 9469 samples of actual production data show that the model developed present has better predictive accuracy and generalization capability.
文摘Urban tunnels are often built in multiples,yet the influence of surface structures on their support demands is frequently overlooked,highlighting the need for refined design under realistic loading.This study addresses this gap by examining the response of a uniformly loaded strip footing above twin horseshoe tunnels with structural linings.A non-dimensional Footing Stability Improvement Factor(I_(f)),defined as the ratio of ultimate bearing capacity with and without lining to that of a footing on intact rock—is evaluated using adaptive finite element limit analysis.The effects of normalized vertical depth of tunnel,normalised horizontal spacing of tunnel,and lining-thickness factor are examined,providing key insights into foundation-tunnel interaction and support optimization.This study finds that,for unlined twin tunnels,footing-tunnel interaction becomes negligible when embedment exceeds four times of footing widths and tunnel spacing surpasses eleven times of footing widths,beyond which additional support is unnecessary.For lined tunnels,the tunnel-lining thickness required to maintain footing stability equivalent to that on intact rock decreases rapidly with embedment depth.At a tunnel spacing equal to onehalf of the footing width,the critical lining-thickness ratio is about six percent of the footing width at a tunnel depth of half the footing width,reducing to approximately five,four,and three percent at depths of one,one-and-a-half,and two footing widths,and asymptotically approaching nearly one percent for embedment depths exceeding two-and-a-half footing widths.Additionally,rock mass parameters exhibit minimal impact(±2%)on I_(f).The results show that failure mechanisms in footing-tunnel systems are primarily governed by tunnels-positional parmeters,and lining thickness.The study presents a mechanistic framework that delineates the critical depth-spacing-thickness regimes controlling twin-tunnel behavior,providing engineers with clear design boundaries and performance-based lining guidelines to improve the stability of both tunnels and overlying foundations.
文摘Echinococcus is a zoonotic parasite and 1 of 17 neglected tropical diseases with a worldwide distribution.The World Health Organization(WHO)targeted for control or elimination by 2050[1,2].Two main species of Echinococcus infect humans:Echinococcus granulosus,causing cystic echinococcosis(CE),and Echinococcus multilocularis(EM),causing alveolar echinococcosis(AE)[3].AE is much rarer but far more severe than CE and ranks as one of the most dangerous helminthic zoonoses in the world[4,5].Humans are rare aberrant intermediate hosts and typically become infected through the ingestion of EM eggs shed in the feces of definitive hosts[6].After an incubation period of many years,humans may develop AE[7].While slow-growing,AE is a devastating clinical condition characterized by silent progression and infiltrative proliferation of the parasite,mimicking a malignancy[7].Without appropriate treatment,AE has a death rate of more than 90%within 10 years of diagnosis[5].For this reason,AE must be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with a hepatic mass or malignancy.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3710204)Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(Grant No.AA23023028-1)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China for Distinguished Young Scientists(Grant No.JQ2022E007)Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Science and Technology Plan(Grant No.2023AA003).
文摘Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional crown control method is no longer sufficient to meet the precision requirements of schedule-free rolling.To address this limitation,an optimization framework for hot-rolled strip crown control was developed based on model-driven digital twin(MDDT).This framework enhances the strip crown control precision by facilitating collaborative operations among physical entities,virtual models,and functional application layers.In virtual modeling,a data-driven approach that integrates the extreme gradient boosting and the improved Harris hawk optimization algorithm was firstly proposed to fit the relationship between key process parameters and strip crown,and a global-local collaborative training strategy was proposed to enhance the model adaptability to diverse working conditions.Subsequently,the influence of crucial process factors on the virtual model was examined through model responses.Furthermore,a novel optimization mode for crown control based on MDDT was established by aligning and reconstructing both the physical and virtual models,thereby enhancing the crown control precision.Finally,data trials were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.The results indicated that the proposed method exhibited satisfactory performance and could be effectively utilized to improve the crown control precision.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12072220,12225207,12372364)National Key Research and Development Program(2018YFA0707300)+2 种基金Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20188)Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Shanxi Province(YDZJSX2021B002)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(202303021211038)。
文摘A constitutive model considering the size effect was established to investigate the behavior of CoCrNi medium entropy alloy ultrathin strip in different deformation stages during the uniaxial quasi-static tensile test.Results show that when the t/d value is lower than 10.62,the CoCrNi alloy ultrathin strip shows an obvious size-dependent property in the elastic deformation stage.With the decrease in t/d value,the volume fraction of the surface layer grains is increased,leading to the linear decrease in flow stress.In the plastic deformation stage,the material stiffness is correlated with the t/d value.Specifically,as the t/d value increases,the work-hardening capacity of the material is enhanced.When the t/d value increases to 10,the work-hardening capacity reaches a maximum state;when the t/d value is beyond 10,the work-hardening capacity weakens.
文摘A cobalt-based metal-organic framework[Co_(3)(L)_(2)(1,4-bib)_(4)]·4H_(2)O(Co-MOF)was prepared using 5-[(4-carboxyphenoxy)methyl]isophthalic acid(H_(3)L)and 1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene(1,4-bib)as ligands.Then,an electrochemical sensor modified with Co-MOF on a glassy carbon electrode(Co-MOF@GCE)was constructed for detecting Cd^(2+)and Pb^(2+)in aqueous solutions.The sensor exhibited a linear range of 1.0-16.0µmol·L^(-1)with a detection limit(LOD)of 4.609 nmol·L^(-1)for Cd^(2+),and 0.5-10.0µmol·L^(-1)with an LOD of 1.307 nmol·L^(-1)for Pb^(2+).Simultaneous detection of both ions within 0.5-7.0µmol·L^(-1)achieved LOD values of 0.47 nmol·L^(-1)(Cd^(2+))and 0.008 nmol·L^(-1)(Pb^(2+)),respectively.Analysis of real water samples(tap water,mineral water,and river water)yielded recoveries of 95%-105%,validating practical applicability.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that synergistic interactions between cobalt centers and N/O atoms enhance adsorption and electron-transfer efficiency.CCDC:2160744.
文摘[Objectives]To address the weeding challenges within the corn and soybean strip intercropping field and identify appropriate herbicide types and application methods suitable for the corn and soybean strip intercropping fields in Siyang County.[Methods]The trial comprised six herbicide treatments and one blank control,with investigations conducted to assess efficacy,safety,and yield.[Results]Each herbicide treatment effectively controlled weeds,demonstrated high safety,and enhanced the yields of both soybeans and corn.The combined application of soil sealing with stem and leaf spray exhibited superior overall weed control compared to soil sealing alone.At 28 d following stem and leaf spray,the plant control effect and fresh weight control effect against weeds in the combined treatment of soil sealing with stem and leaf spray all exceeded 89%.[Conclusions]This study offers technical support for advancing the practice of strip intercropping between corn and soybeans.
文摘This study focuses on the evaluation of the ammonia(NH_(3))stripping and the sizing of a sludge treatment plant,based on experimental results obtained at the station Sonfonia(Conakry,Guinea),based on the Heins-Coll model.The targeted physicochemical parameters are temperature,the pH and nitrogenous forms NH_(3)/NH_(4)^(+).The nitrogen stripping process is described using the Azov and Goldman mathematical model,which allows for the estimation of the concentration of stripped ammonia nitrogen(N-NH_(3))as a function of temperature and pH.The methodology is based on sampling the liquid fraction at different levels of the station,followed by physicochemical analyses and a comparative interpretation of the results.The average results obtained for the period 2022-2023 at the plant inlet are as follows:temperature of 29.71℃,pH of 7.74,and NH_(3)concentration of 28.76 mg/L.These values show that the ammonia load of the incoming sludge is significantly lower than that considered in the initial design of the plant(142 mg/L).Monitoring the flow of the effluent through the four lagoons reveals a progressive decrease in concentrations,with average values of 29.66℃ and pH of 7.66.And NH_(3)of 16.91 mg/L,reflecting a significant purification performance of the lagoon system.Nitrogen stripping tests were conducted in 2023 at Lagoon 1,based on six observation points.The application of the Azov and Goldman model yielded the following results:temperature of 32.15℃,pH of 9.62,NH_(4)^(+)of 37.82 mg/L,NH_(3)of 29.83 mg/L,with an NH_(3)/NH_(4)^(+)ratio of 78.78%,confirming the determining influence of pH and temperature on the effectiveness of ammonia stripping.In conclusion,the analysis of the treatment performance of the Sonfonia sludge treatment plant highlights the relevance and robustness of the Azov and Goldman model,combined with the Heins-Coll model,for understanding nitrogen stripping mechanisms.The results obtained provide a reliable scientific basis for the optimization and design of new sludge treatment plants adapted to tropical climatic conditions.
基金Supported by Special Funds of the Central Government for Guiding Local Scientific and Technological Development(Grant No.YDZX20191400002149)。
文摘The existence of significant core-surface temperature differences in the strips during the rolling process in the endless strip production line leads to low accuracy in calculating the hot rolling force model assuming uniform temperature.This paper divides the deformation zone of strips into cells along the thick and the roll direction considering the non-uniform distribution of temperature,strain,strain rate in the thick direction cell of the strips,and the change of deformation resistance in the roll direction cell of strips.Then this study separately establishes the temperature matrix,strain matrix,and strain rate matrix on the"thick direction-roll direction"of strips,and constructs a deformation resistance calculation model based on the matrix cell.Further,a model for calculating rolling forces applicable to this production line was derived based on the Orowan equilibrium differential equation.The accuracy of the rolling force model and temperature variation patterns of the thick-directional units of the rolled parts during rolling were verified by hot rolling simulation experiments on a strip with an embedded block of the same material.Take an endless strip production line in China as an example to carry out simulation calculations of Q235 material.The results show that the average calculation error of the model built in this paper is 4.4%.Simulation and error analysis of multiple materials and multiple specifications of strip steel show that the prediction accuracy of the model in this paper meets the requirements of the production line,which provides theoretical support for the formulation and optimization of the rolling process of this production line.
