Stretchable color-changing fibers are urgently demanded for smart textiles/clothing due to their perfect implantability,permeability of vapor and heat,and flexibility/stretchability.Herein,stretchable electrothermochr...Stretchable color-changing fibers are urgently demanded for smart textiles/clothing due to their perfect implantability,permeability of vapor and heat,and flexibility/stretchability.Herein,stretchable electrothermochromic fibers were fabricated with unconventional stretchable conductive fibers as core layers and thermochromic coatings as shell layers.In the stretchable conductive fibers,hierarchical porous structures with percolative one-dimensional(1 D)conductive networks were constructed through phase inversion of carbon nanotube/polyurethane(CNT/PU)solutions.With the deposition of silver nanoparticles(AgN Ps)on the surface of micro-pores,electrically conductive dual-pathways consisting of0 D AgN Ps and 1 D CNTs were formed to significantly enhance the electric conductivity and thus improve the electrothermal performance of the fibers.More importantly,because of the connective CNTs and AgN Ps,such dual-pathways ensured the electron transport under the stretching state,preventing the sharp decay of conductivity and electrothermal performance.Through the continuous wet-spinning method,the stretchable conductive fibers can be easily obtained with the length up to several meters.At last,stretchable electrothermochromic fibers were prepared with two color-changing modes and implanted into textile perfectly,advancing their applications in wearable display and military adaptive camouflage of smart clothing.展开更多
Liquid metal(LM)is a type of metal or alloy that has a low melting point near room temperature and exhibits the properties of both liquids and metals.Such unconventional materials have been gaining increasing attentio...Liquid metal(LM)is a type of metal or alloy that has a low melting point near room temperature and exhibits the properties of both liquids and metals.Such unconventional materials have been gaining increasing attention within the scientific and industrial communities.Recently,fiber-shaped LM and its composites have especially attracted diverse interest owing to their unique merits,such as excellent conductivity,intrinsic stretchability,facile phase transition,and the ability to be woven or knitted into smart fabrics.This review is dedicated to summarizing different aspects of LM-based fibers,such as their material components,fabrication and design strategies,and remarkable applications by way of their representative properties.Typical fabrication approaches,such as 3D printing of pure LM wire,coating the LM shell on the surface of the fiber,injecting a LM core into hollow fibers,and spinning of LM and polymer hybrids have been comparatively illustrated.Moreover,emerging applications that primarily utilize LM fibers have been demonstrated.Finally,future directions and opportunities in the field are discussed.This categorization of LM fibers is expected to facilitate further investigation and practice in the coming society.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51672043)Donghua University Distinguished Young Professor Program(LZB2019002)+1 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(2017QNRC001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CUSF-DH-D-2018006)。
文摘Stretchable color-changing fibers are urgently demanded for smart textiles/clothing due to their perfect implantability,permeability of vapor and heat,and flexibility/stretchability.Herein,stretchable electrothermochromic fibers were fabricated with unconventional stretchable conductive fibers as core layers and thermochromic coatings as shell layers.In the stretchable conductive fibers,hierarchical porous structures with percolative one-dimensional(1 D)conductive networks were constructed through phase inversion of carbon nanotube/polyurethane(CNT/PU)solutions.With the deposition of silver nanoparticles(AgN Ps)on the surface of micro-pores,electrically conductive dual-pathways consisting of0 D AgN Ps and 1 D CNTs were formed to significantly enhance the electric conductivity and thus improve the electrothermal performance of the fibers.More importantly,because of the connective CNTs and AgN Ps,such dual-pathways ensured the electron transport under the stretching state,preventing the sharp decay of conductivity and electrothermal performance.Through the continuous wet-spinning method,the stretchable conductive fibers can be easily obtained with the length up to several meters.At last,stretchable electrothermochromic fibers were prepared with two color-changing modes and implanted into textile perfectly,advancing their applications in wearable display and military adaptive camouflage of smart clothing.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China under Key Project#91748206Shuimu Tsinghua Scholarship and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation:2021M691707.
文摘Liquid metal(LM)is a type of metal or alloy that has a low melting point near room temperature and exhibits the properties of both liquids and metals.Such unconventional materials have been gaining increasing attention within the scientific and industrial communities.Recently,fiber-shaped LM and its composites have especially attracted diverse interest owing to their unique merits,such as excellent conductivity,intrinsic stretchability,facile phase transition,and the ability to be woven or knitted into smart fabrics.This review is dedicated to summarizing different aspects of LM-based fibers,such as their material components,fabrication and design strategies,and remarkable applications by way of their representative properties.Typical fabrication approaches,such as 3D printing of pure LM wire,coating the LM shell on the surface of the fiber,injecting a LM core into hollow fibers,and spinning of LM and polymer hybrids have been comparatively illustrated.Moreover,emerging applications that primarily utilize LM fibers have been demonstrated.Finally,future directions and opportunities in the field are discussed.This categorization of LM fibers is expected to facilitate further investigation and practice in the coming society.
