Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim ...Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim to offer a platform for the rapid dissemination of signifi cant,novel,and high-impact research in the fi elds of agricultural product processing science,technology,engineering,and nutrition.Additionally,supplemental issues are curated and published to facilitate in-depth discussions on special topics.展开更多
Micro-sized anatase TiO_(2) displays inferior capacity as cathode material for magnesium ion batteries because of the higher diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)in anatase TiO_(2) lattice.Herein,we report that nanosize...Micro-sized anatase TiO_(2) displays inferior capacity as cathode material for magnesium ion batteries because of the higher diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)in anatase TiO_(2) lattice.Herein,we report that nanosized anatase TiO_(2) exposed(001)facet doubles the capacity compared to the micro-sized sample ascribed to the interfacial Mg^(2+)ion storage.First-principles calculations reveal that the diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)on the(001)facet is significantly lower than those in the bulk phase and on(100)facet,and the adsorption energy of Mg^(2+)on the(001)facet is also considerably lower than that on(100)facet,which guarantees superior interfacial Mg^(2+)storage of(001)facet.Moreover,anatase TiO_(2) exposed(001)facet displays a significantly higher capacity of 312.9 mAh g^(−1) in Mg-Li dual-salt electrolyte compared to 234.3 mAh g^(−1) in Li salt electrolyte.The adsorption energies of Mg^(2+)on(001)facet are much lower than the adsorption energies of Li+on(001)facet,implying that the Mg^(2+)ion interfacial storage is more favorable.These results highlight that controlling the crystal facet of the nanocrystals effectively enhances the interfacial storage of multivalent ions.This work offers valuable guidance for the rational design of high-capacity storage systems.展开更多
A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about com...A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about commercializing HESS and improving it further.However,the design and sizing process can be overwhelming to comprehend with various sources to examine,and understanding optimal design methodologies is crucial to optimize a HESS design.With that,this review aims to collect and analyse a wide range of HESS studies to summarise recent studies.Two different collections of studies are studied,one was sourced by the main author for preliminary readings,and another was obtained via VOSViewer.The findings from the Web of Science platform were also examined for amore comprehensive understanding.Major findings include the People’sRepublic of China has been active in HESS research,as most works and active organizations originate from this country.HESS has been mainly researched to support power generation and balance load demands,with financial analysis being the common scope of analysis.MATLAB is a common tool used for HESS design,modelling,and optimization as it can handle complex calculations.Artificial neural network(ANN)has the potential to be used to model the HESS,but additional review is required as a formof future work.From a commercialization perspective,pressurized hydrogen tanks are ideal for hydrogen storage in a HESS,but other methods can be considered after additional research and development.From this review,it can be implied that modelling works will be the way forward for HESS research,but extensive collaborations and additional review are needed.Overall,this review summarized various takeaways that future research works on HESS can use.展开更多
Present of wind power is sporadically and cannot be utilized as the only fundamental load of energy sources.This paper proposes a wind-solar hybrid energy storage system(HESS)to ensure a stable supply grid for a longe...Present of wind power is sporadically and cannot be utilized as the only fundamental load of energy sources.This paper proposes a wind-solar hybrid energy storage system(HESS)to ensure a stable supply grid for a longer period.A multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA)and state of charge(SOC)region division for the batteries are introduced to solve the objective function and configuration of the system capacity,respectively.MATLAB/Simulink was used for simulation test.The optimization results show that for a 0.5 MW wind power and 0.5 MW photovoltaic system,with a combination of a 300 Ah lithium battery,a 200 Ah lead-acid battery,and a water storage tank,the proposed strategy reduces the system construction cost by approximately 18,000 yuan.Additionally,the cycle count of the electrochemical energy storage systemincreases from4515 to 4660,while the depth of discharge decreases from 55.37%to 53.65%,achieving shallow charging and discharging,thereby extending battery life and reducing grid voltage fluctuations significantly.The proposed strategy is a guide for stabilizing the grid connection of wind and solar power generation,capability allocation,and energy management of energy conservation systems.展开更多
The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,...The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,photovoltaic power generation is unstable and random,resulting in a low utilization rate and directly affecting the stability of the power grid.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for a newenergy power generation system with a hybrid energy storage unit based on the lithium iron phosphate-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage unit.Firstly,the variational mode decomposition algorithm is used to separate the high and low frequencies of the power signal,which is conducive to the rapid and accurate suppression of the power fluctuation of the energy storage system.Secondly,the fuzzy control algorithm is introduced to balance the power between energy storage.In this paper,the actual data is used for simulation,and the simulation results show that the strategy realizes the effective suppression of the bus voltage fluctuation and the accurate control of the internal state of the energy storage unit,effectively avoiding problems such as overshoot and over-discharge,and can significantly improve the stability of the photovoltaic power generation systemand the stability of the Direct Current bus.It is of great significance to promote the development of collaborative control technology for photovoltaic hybrid energy storage units.展开更多
Pitch produced by the lique-faction of coal was divided into two frac-tions:soluble in toluene(TS)and insol-uble in toluene but soluble in pyridine(TI-PS),and their differences in molecu-lar structure and oxidation ac...Pitch produced by the lique-faction of coal was divided into two frac-tions:soluble in toluene(TS)and insol-uble in toluene but soluble in pyridine(TI-PS),and their differences in molecu-lar structure and oxidation activity were studied.Several different carbon materi-als were produced from them by oxida-tion in air(350℃,300 mL/min)fol-lowed by carbonization(1000℃ in Ar),and the effect of the cross-linked structure on their structure and sodium storage properties was investigated.The results showed that the two pitch fractions were obviously different after the air oxidation.The TS fraction with a low degree of condensation and abundant side chains had a stronger oxidation activity and thus introduced more cross-linked oxygen-containing functional groups C(O)―O which prevented carbon layer rearrangement during the carbonization.As a result,a disordered hard carbon with more defects was formed,which improved the electrochemical performance.Therefore,the carbon materials derived from TS(O-TS-1000)had an obvious disordered structure and a larger layer spacing,giving them better sodium storage perform-ance than those derived from the TI-PS fraction(O-TI-PS-1000).The specific capacity of O-TS-1000 was about 250 mAh/g at 20 mA/g,which was 1.67 times higher than that of O-TI-PS-1000(150 mAh/g).展开更多
Latent heat thermal energy storage(TES)effectively reduces the mismatch between energy supply and demand of renewable energy sources by the utilization of phase change materials(PCMs).However,the low thermal conductiv...Latent heat thermal energy storage(TES)effectively reduces the mismatch between energy supply and demand of renewable energy sources by the utilization of phase change materials(PCMs).However,the low thermal conductivity and poor shape stability are the main drawbacks in realizing the large-scale application of PCMs.Promisingly,developing composite PCM(CPCM)based on porous supporting mate-rial provides a desirable solution to obtain performance-enhanced PCMs with improved effective thermal conductivity and shape stability.Among all the porous matrixes as supports for PCM,three-dimensional carbon-based porous supporting material has attracted considerable attention ascribing to its high ther-mal conductivity,desirable loading capacity of PCMs,and excellent chemical compatibility with various PCMs.Therefore,this work systemically reviews the CPCMs with three-dimensional carbon-based porous supporting materials.First,a concise rule for the fabrication of CPCMs is illustrated in detail.Next,the experimental and computational research of carbon nanotube-based support,graphene-based support,graphite-based support and amorphous carbon-based support are reviewed.Then,the applications of the shape-stabilized CPCMs including thermal management and thermal conversion are illustrated.Last but not least,the challenges and prospects of the CPCMs are discussed.To conclude,introducing carbon-based porous materials can solve the liquid leakage issue and essentially improve the thermal conductivity of PCMs.However,there is still a long way to further develop a desirable CPCM with higher latent heat capacity,higher thermal conductivity,and more excellent shape stability.展开更多
This review details the advancement in the development of V–Ti-based hydrogen storage materials for using in metal hydride(MH)tanks to supply hydrogen to fuel cells at relatively ambient temperatures and pressures.V...This review details the advancement in the development of V–Ti-based hydrogen storage materials for using in metal hydride(MH)tanks to supply hydrogen to fuel cells at relatively ambient temperatures and pressures.V–Tibased solid solution alloys are excellent hydrogen storage materials among many metal hydrides due to their high reversible hydrogen storage capacity which is over 2 wt%at ambient temperature.The preparation methods,structure characteristics,improvement methods of hydrogen storage performance,and attenuation mechanism are systematically summarized and discussed.The relationships between hydrogen storage properties and alloy compositions as well as phase structures are discussed emphatically.For large-scale applications on MH tanks,it is necessary to develop low-cost and high-performance V–Ti-based solid solution alloys with high reversible hydrogen storage capacity,good cyclic durability,and excellent activation performance.展开更多
Power quality is a crucial area of research in contemporary power systems,particularly given the rapid proliferation of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind power.This study investigated the relationship...Power quality is a crucial area of research in contemporary power systems,particularly given the rapid proliferation of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind power.This study investigated the relationships between power quality indices of system output and PSD by utilizing theories related to spectra,PSD,and random signal power spectra.The relationship was derived,validated through experiments and simulations,and subsequently applied to multi-objective optimization.Various optimization algorithms were compared to achieve optimal system power quality.The findings revealed that the relationships between power quality indices and PSD were influenced by variations in the order of the power spectral estimation model.An increase in the order of the AR model resulted in a 36%improvement in the number of optimal solutions.Regarding optimal solution distribution,NSGA-II demonstrated superior diversity,while MOEA/D exhibited better convergence.However,practical applications showed that while MOEA/D had higher convergence,NSGA-II produced superior optimal solutions,achieving the best power quality indices(THDi at 4.62%,d%at 3.51%,and cosφat 96%).These results suggest that the proposed method holds significant potential for optimizing power quality in practical applications.展开更多
Present industrial decarbonization technologies require an active CO_(2)-concentration system,often based on lime reaction or amine binding reactions,which is energy intensive and carries a high CO_(2)-footprint.Here ...Present industrial decarbonization technologies require an active CO_(2)-concentration system,often based on lime reaction or amine binding reactions,which is energy intensive and carries a high CO_(2)-footprint.Here instead,an effective process without active CO_(2)concentration is demonstrated in a new process-termed IC2CNT(Insulationdiffusion facilitated CO_(2) to Carbon Nanomaterial Technology)decarbonization process.Molten carbonates such as Li_(2)CO_(3)(mp 723℃)are highly insoluble to industrial feed gas principal components(N2,O_(2),and H2O).However,CO_(2) can readily dissolve and react in molten carbonates.We have recently characterized high CO_(2) diffusion rates through porous aluminosilicate and calcium-magnesium silicate thermal insulations.Here,the CO_(2) in ambient feed gas passes through these membranes into molten Li_(2)CO_(3).The membrane also concurrently insulates the feed gas from the hot molten carbonate chamber,obviating the need to heat the(non-CO_(2))majority of the feed gas to high temperature.In this insulation facilitated decarbonization process CO_(2)is split by electrolysis in the molten carbonate producing sequestered,high-purity carbon nanomaterials(such as CNTs)and O_(2).展开更多
Phase Change Material(PCM)-based cold energy storage system(CESS)can effectively utilize the peak and valley power resources to reduce the excessive dependence on the power grid.In this study,a PCM-based CESS was desi...Phase Change Material(PCM)-based cold energy storage system(CESS)can effectively utilize the peak and valley power resources to reduce the excessive dependence on the power grid.In this study,a PCM-based CESS was designed for cold storage applications.The optimal number of PCM plates was determined through numerical simulations to meet the required cold storage temperature and control time.Additionally,the air temperature field,flow field,and melting characteristics of the PCMplates during the cooling release process were analyzed.The effects of plate positioning and thickness on the cooling release performance were further investigated.The results indicated that when 64PCMplateswere used,the duration formaintaining temperatures below−18℃increased from0.6 h to approximately 16.94 h.During the cooling release process,the temperature field in the cold storage exhibited stratification,and the melting of the PCM plates was non-uniform.Placing the PCM plates at the top or within the interlayers without cargo above proved more effective,with their cooling release power being approximately twice that of the PCM plates placed in the interlayers with cargo above.Furthermore,reducing the thickness of the PCMplates from15 to 7.5mmresulted in a 3.6-h increase in the time below−18℃and a 4.5-h reduction in the time required to reach 80%liquid phase fraction.展开更多
The Li-Mg-N-H(Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH)system,as a high-capacity Mg-based metal hydrogen storage material(5.6 wt%),has broad prospects for in vehicle hydrogen storage applications,but it still has high hydrogen ab/desorpti...The Li-Mg-N-H(Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH)system,as a high-capacity Mg-based metal hydrogen storage material(5.6 wt%),has broad prospects for in vehicle hydrogen storage applications,but it still has high hydrogen ab/desorption barriers.To improve its hydrogen storage performance,a nanohydrogen storage alloy was innovatively combined with Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH,AB5 type nanohydrogen storage alloy LaNi_(5)was prepared by co-precipitation method.Nano LaNi_(5)and single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)were co-doped into the Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH system at a ratio of 10 wt%and 2 wt%,significantly enhancing the hydrogen storage performance of Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH.The initial hydrogen ab/desorption temperatures of the co-doped system decreased from110/130℃to 45/85℃.The release of by-product ammonia is significantly inhibited.4.73 wt% H_(2)can be ab/desorption in 150 min at 180/170℃.Cycle tests show that the co-doped system can still maintain a hydrogen storage capacity of 4.75 wt% after ten hydrogen release cycles.Mechanism and density functional theory study have shown that during the hydrogen release process,partially hydrogenated LaNi_(5)weakens the chemical bonding in Mg(NH_(2))_(2),promoted the dissociation of hydrogen from the Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH system,while playing a dual role of"hydrogen overflow"and"hydrogen pump".SWCNTs act as auxiliary agents,helping to refine particle size and increase thermal conductivity.The synergistic effect of the two optimizes the comprehensive hydrogen storage performance of Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH.This study provides a new research method for improving the comprehensive hydrogen storage performance of Mg-based metal hydrogen storage materials using rare earth element catalysts.展开更多
Novel hydrogen storage materials have propelled progress in hydrogen storage technologies.Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is a highly promising candidate.Nevertheless,several drawbacks,including the need for elevated therma...Novel hydrogen storage materials have propelled progress in hydrogen storage technologies.Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is a highly promising candidate.Nevertheless,several drawbacks,including the need for elevated thermal conditions,sluggish dehydrogena-tion kinetics,and high thermodynamic stability,limit its practical application.One effective method of addressing these challenges is cata-lyst doping,which effectively boosts the hydrogen storage capability of Mg-based materials.Herein,we review recent advancements in catalyst-doped MgH_(2) composites,with particular focus on multicomponent and high-entropy catalysts.Structure-property relationships and catalytic mechanisms in these doping strategies are also summarized.Finally,based on existing challenges,we discuss future research directions for the development of Mg-based hydrogen storage systems.展开更多
Mg-based hydrogen storage materials have attracted much attention due to their high hydrogen content,abundant resources,and environmental friendliness.However,the high dehydrogenation temperature,slow kinetics and poo...Mg-based hydrogen storage materials have attracted much attention due to their high hydrogen content,abundant resources,and environmental friendliness.However,the high dehydrogenation temperature,slow kinetics and poor cycling stability are limiting its practical application.This work demonstrates the improved dehydrogenation kinetics and cycling stability of MgH_(2) modified by a hybrid of metallic Ni and layered MoS_(2)(denoted as“Ni-MoS_(2)”)introduced by ball milling,with Ni as the catalyst for MgH_(2) and MoS_(2) as the support for both Ni and MgH_(2).The onset dehydrogenation temperature of MgH_(2) is reduced to 198℃,and the rehydrogenation begins at a low temperature of 50℃.The MgH_(2)+10 wt%Ni-MoS_(2) composite has a fast dehydrogenation kinetics and can release 6.1 wt% hydrogen in 10 min at a constant temperature of 300℃,with the dehydrogenation activation energy significantly reduced from 151 to 85 kJ mol^(-1).During the cycling,the reversible capacity of the composite first exhibits a gradual increase for the initial 22 cycles and then maintains at 6.1 wt% from the 23th cycle to the 50th cycle.The Ni/MoS_(2) addition does not change the overall thermodynamic properties of MgH_(2) but can weaken the Mg-H bonds in the local regions as evident by theoretical calculation.Microstructure studies reveal that the metallic Ni will react with MgH_(2) to form Mg_(2)NiH_(0.3),which can act as a hydrogen pump,while the layered MoS_(2) serves as a support for the well dispersion of MgH_(2) and Ni.It is believed that the synergy of Mg_(2)NiH_(0.3) and layered MoS_(2) contributes to the significantly enhanced hydrogen storage of MgH_(2).This work provides a promising and simple strategy for enhancing the Mg-based hydrogen storage materials by combination of transition metals and layered materials introduced via simple ball milling.展开更多
Microbatteries(MBs)are crucial to power miniaturized devices for the Internet of Things.In the evolutionary journey of MBs,fabrication technology emerges as the cornerstone,guiding the intricacies of their configurati...Microbatteries(MBs)are crucial to power miniaturized devices for the Internet of Things.In the evolutionary journey of MBs,fabrication technology emerges as the cornerstone,guiding the intricacies of their configuration designs,ensuring precision,and facilitating scalability for mass production.Photolithography stands out as an ideal technology,leveraging its unparalleled resolution,exceptional design flexibility,and entrenched position within the mature semiconductor industry.However,comprehensive reviews on its application in MB development remain scarce.This review aims to bridge that gap by thoroughly assessing the recent status and promising prospects of photolithographic microfabrication for MBs.Firstly,we delve into the fundamental principles and step-by-step procedures of photolithography,offering a nuanced understanding of its operational mechanisms and the criteria for photoresist selection.Subsequently,we highlighted the specific roles of photolithography in the fabrication of MBs,including its utilization as a template for creating miniaturized micropatterns,a protective layer during the etching process,a mold for soft lithography,a constituent of MB active component,and a sacrificial layer in the construction of micro-Swiss-roll structure.Finally,the review concludes with a summary of the key challenges and future perspectives of MBs fabricated by photolithography,providing comprehensive insights and sparking research inspiration in this field.展开更多
Carbon materials are considered as prospective anode candidates for potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the low-rate capability is hampered by slow K+diffusion kinetics and obstructed electron transport of carbon-ba...Carbon materials are considered as prospective anode candidates for potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the low-rate capability is hampered by slow K+diffusion kinetics and obstructed electron transport of carbon-based anodes.In this work,calcium D-gluconate derived mesoporous carbon nanosheets(CGC)were interpenetrated into the architecture of reduced graphene oxides(RGO)to form the composites of two-dimensional(2D)/2D graphene/mesoporous carbon nanosheets(RGO@CGC).CGC as a rigid skeleton can prevent the graphene layers from restacking and maintain the structural stability of the 2D/2D carbon composites of RGO@CGC.The mesopores in CGC can shorten the path of ion diffusion and facilitate the penetration of electrolytes.RGO possesses the high surface-to-volume ratio and superior electron transport capability in the honeycomb-like 2D network consisting of sp^(2)-hybridized carbon atoms.Especially,theπ-πstacking interaction between CGC and RGO enhances stable composite structure formation,expedites interlayer-electron transfer,and establishes three-dimensional(3D)ion transportation pathways.Owing to these unique structure,RGO@CGC exhibits fast and stable potassium storage capability.Furthermore,the effects of binders and electrolytes on the electrochemical performance of RGO@CGC were investigated.Finally,Prussian blue was synthesized as a positive electrode to explore the possibility of RGO@CGC as a full battery application.展开更多
TiFe alloys are AB-based hydrogen storage materials with unique characteristics and a wide range of applications.However,the presence of impurity gases(such as O_(2),CO,CO_(2),and CH4)has a considerable impact on the ...TiFe alloys are AB-based hydrogen storage materials with unique characteristics and a wide range of applications.However,the presence of impurity gases(such as O_(2),CO,CO_(2),and CH4)has a considerable impact on the hydrogen storage capacity and kinetics of TiFe alloys,drastically limiting their practical application in hydrogen storage.Consequently,in this study,we investigated the hydrogen absorption kinetics and cycling performance of the TiFe_(0.9) alloy in the presence of common impurity gases(including CH4,CO,CO_(2),and O_(2))and determined the corresponding poisoning mechanisms.Specifically,we found that CH4 did not react with the alloy but acted through physical coverage.In contrast,CO and CO_(2) occupy the active sites for H_(2),significantly impeding the dissociation and absorption of H_(2).In addition,O_(2) reacts directly with the alloy to form a passivating layer that prevents hydrogen absorption.These findings were fur-ther corroborated by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR)and density functional theory(DFT).The relationship between the adsorption energies of the impurity gases and hydrogen obtained through DFT calculations complements the experimental results.Un-derstanding these poisoning behaviors is crucial for designing Ti-based high-entropy hydrogen storage alloy alloys with enhanced resist-ance to poisoning.展开更多
High-temperature phase change materials(PCMs)have attracted significant attention in the field of thermal energy storage due to their ability to store and release large amounts of heat within a small temperature fluct...High-temperature phase change materials(PCMs)have attracted significant attention in the field of thermal energy storage due to their ability to store and release large amounts of heat within a small temperature fluctuation range.However,their practical application is limited due to problems such as leakage,corrosion,and volume changes at high temperatures.Recent research has shown that macroencapsulation technology holds promise in addressing these issues.This paper focuses on the macroencapsulation technology of high-temperature PCMs,starting with a review of the classification and development history of high-temperature macroencapsulatd PCMs.Four major encapsulation strategies,including electroplating method,solid/liquid filling method,sacrificial material method,and powder compaction into sphere method,are then summarized.The methods for effectively addressing issues such as corrosion,leakage,supercooling,and phase separation in PCMs are analyzed,along with approaches for improving the heat transfer performance,mechanical strength,and thermal cycling stability of macrocapsules.Subsequently,the structure and packing arrangement optimization of macrocapsules in thermal storage systems is discussed in detail.Finally,after comparing the performance of various encapsulation strategies and summarizing existing issues,the current technical challenges,improvement methods,and future development directions are proposed.More attention should be given to utilizing AI technology and reinforcement learning to reveal the multiphysics-coupled heat and mass transfer mechanisms in macrocapsule applications,as well as to optimize material selection and encapsulation parameters,thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of thermal storage systems.展开更多
High-capacity LiBH_(4)is a promising solid hydrogen storage material.However,the large electron cloud density between the B-H bonds in LiBH_(4)induces high dehydrogenation temperatures and sluggish dehydrogenation kin...High-capacity LiBH_(4)is a promising solid hydrogen storage material.However,the large electron cloud density between the B-H bonds in LiBH_(4)induces high dehydrogenation temperatures and sluggish dehydrogenation kinetics.To solve the above problems,it is proposed to enhance the hydrogen storage properties of LiBH_(4)through the synergistic effect of Brønsted and Lewis acid in Hβzeolite.Composite hydrogen storage systems with different mass ratios were prepared by simple ball-milling.At a LiBH_(4)-to-Hβmass ratio of 6:4,the 6LiBH_(4)-4Hβsystem released hydrogen at 190℃and achieved a hydrogen release capacity of 7.0 wt%H_(2)upon heating to 400℃.More importantly,the hydrogen release capacity of the system reached 6.02 wt%at 350℃under isothermal conditions after 100 min and 7.2 wt%at 400℃under isothermal conditions after 80 min,whereas the pristine LiBH_(4)only achieved 2.2 wt%.The improvement in hydrogen storage performance of the system was mainly attributed to two factors:(i)Lewis acid sites with acceptable electrons in the Hβweaken the electron density of B-H bonds in LiBH_(4),and(ii)the H+proton from the Brønsted acid sites and H−of LiBH_(4)undergo a H^(+)+H^(−)=H_(2)reaction.Theoretical calculations revealed that the Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in the Hβzeolite are conducive to the weakening of B-H bonds and that storage charge transfer occurs near the Lewis acid sites.The present work provides new insights into improving the hydrogen storage performance of LiBH_(4)by weakening the B-H bonds in the LiBH_(4).展开更多
In the global transition towards sustainable energy sources,hydrogen energy has emerged as an indispensable pillar in reshaping the energy landscape,owing to its environmental sustainability,zero emissions,and high ef...In the global transition towards sustainable energy sources,hydrogen energy has emerged as an indispensable pillar in reshaping the energy landscape,owing to its environmental sustainability,zero emissions,and high efficiency.Nevertheless,the large-scale deployment of hydrogen energy is confronted with substantial technical barriers in storage and transportation.Although contemporary research has shifted focus to the development of highly efficient hydrogen storage materials,conventional material design concepts remain predominantly empirical,typically relying on trial-and-error methodologies.Importantly,the widespread application of artificial intelligence technologies in accelerating materials discovery and optimization has attracted considerable attention.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in hydrogen storage technologies,with an emphasis on the synergistic application of high-throughput screening and machine learning in solid-state hydrogen storage materials.These approaches demonstrate exceptional potential in accurately predicting hydrogen storage properties,optimizing material performance,and accelerating the development of innovative hydrogen storage materials.Specifically,we discuss in detail the essential role of artificial intelligence in developing hydrogen storage materials such as metal hydrides,alloys,carbon materials,metal–organic frameworks,and zeolites.Moreover,underground hydrogen storage is further explored as a scalable renewable energy storage solution,particularly in terms of optimizing storage parameters and performance prediction.By systematically analyzing the limitations of existing hydrogen storage approaches and the transformative potential of artificial intelligence-driven methods,this review offers insights into the discovery and optimization of high-performance hydrogen storage materials,contributing to sustainable global energy development and technological innovation.展开更多
文摘Agricultural Products Processing and Storage(ISSN 3059-4510,Owner:Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China.Production and hosting:Springer Nature)is an international,peer-reviewed open access journal with the aim to offer a platform for the rapid dissemination of signifi cant,novel,and high-impact research in the fi elds of agricultural product processing science,technology,engineering,and nutrition.Additionally,supplemental issues are curated and published to facilitate in-depth discussions on special topics.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3809500)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024CDJXY003)+1 种基金the Venture&Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees(cx2023087)The Chongqing Technology Innovation and Application Development Project(No.2024TIAD-KPX0003).
文摘Micro-sized anatase TiO_(2) displays inferior capacity as cathode material for magnesium ion batteries because of the higher diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)in anatase TiO_(2) lattice.Herein,we report that nanosized anatase TiO_(2) exposed(001)facet doubles the capacity compared to the micro-sized sample ascribed to the interfacial Mg^(2+)ion storage.First-principles calculations reveal that the diffusion energy barrier of Mg^(2+)on the(001)facet is significantly lower than those in the bulk phase and on(100)facet,and the adsorption energy of Mg^(2+)on the(001)facet is also considerably lower than that on(100)facet,which guarantees superior interfacial Mg^(2+)storage of(001)facet.Moreover,anatase TiO_(2) exposed(001)facet displays a significantly higher capacity of 312.9 mAh g^(−1) in Mg-Li dual-salt electrolyte compared to 234.3 mAh g^(−1) in Li salt electrolyte.The adsorption energies of Mg^(2+)on(001)facet are much lower than the adsorption energies of Li+on(001)facet,implying that the Mg^(2+)ion interfacial storage is more favorable.These results highlight that controlling the crystal facet of the nanocrystals effectively enhances the interfacial storage of multivalent ions.This work offers valuable guidance for the rational design of high-capacity storage systems.
文摘A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about commercializing HESS and improving it further.However,the design and sizing process can be overwhelming to comprehend with various sources to examine,and understanding optimal design methodologies is crucial to optimize a HESS design.With that,this review aims to collect and analyse a wide range of HESS studies to summarise recent studies.Two different collections of studies are studied,one was sourced by the main author for preliminary readings,and another was obtained via VOSViewer.The findings from the Web of Science platform were also examined for amore comprehensive understanding.Major findings include the People’sRepublic of China has been active in HESS research,as most works and active organizations originate from this country.HESS has been mainly researched to support power generation and balance load demands,with financial analysis being the common scope of analysis.MATLAB is a common tool used for HESS design,modelling,and optimization as it can handle complex calculations.Artificial neural network(ANN)has the potential to be used to model the HESS,but additional review is required as a formof future work.From a commercialization perspective,pressurized hydrogen tanks are ideal for hydrogen storage in a HESS,but other methods can be considered after additional research and development.From this review,it can be implied that modelling works will be the way forward for HESS research,but extensive collaborations and additional review are needed.Overall,this review summarized various takeaways that future research works on HESS can use.
基金supported by a Horizontal Project on the Development of a Hybrid Energy Storage Simulation Model for Wind Power Based on an RT-LAB Simulation System(PH2023000190)the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project and the Optimization of Exergy Efficiency of a Hybrid Energy Storage System with Crossover Control for Wind Power(2023JQ04).
文摘Present of wind power is sporadically and cannot be utilized as the only fundamental load of energy sources.This paper proposes a wind-solar hybrid energy storage system(HESS)to ensure a stable supply grid for a longer period.A multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA)and state of charge(SOC)region division for the batteries are introduced to solve the objective function and configuration of the system capacity,respectively.MATLAB/Simulink was used for simulation test.The optimization results show that for a 0.5 MW wind power and 0.5 MW photovoltaic system,with a combination of a 300 Ah lithium battery,a 200 Ah lead-acid battery,and a water storage tank,the proposed strategy reduces the system construction cost by approximately 18,000 yuan.Additionally,the cycle count of the electrochemical energy storage systemincreases from4515 to 4660,while the depth of discharge decreases from 55.37%to 53.65%,achieving shallow charging and discharging,thereby extending battery life and reducing grid voltage fluctuations significantly.The proposed strategy is a guide for stabilizing the grid connection of wind and solar power generation,capability allocation,and energy management of energy conservation systems.
基金supported by the State Grid Corporation of China Science and Technology Project,grant number 52270723000900K.
文摘The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power system.Such as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,photovoltaic power generation is unstable and random,resulting in a low utilization rate and directly affecting the stability of the power grid.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for a newenergy power generation system with a hybrid energy storage unit based on the lithium iron phosphate-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage unit.Firstly,the variational mode decomposition algorithm is used to separate the high and low frequencies of the power signal,which is conducive to the rapid and accurate suppression of the power fluctuation of the energy storage system.Secondly,the fuzzy control algorithm is introduced to balance the power between energy storage.In this paper,the actual data is used for simulation,and the simulation results show that the strategy realizes the effective suppression of the bus voltage fluctuation and the accurate control of the internal state of the energy storage unit,effectively avoiding problems such as overshoot and over-discharge,and can significantly improve the stability of the photovoltaic power generation systemand the stability of the Direct Current bus.It is of great significance to promote the development of collaborative control technology for photovoltaic hybrid energy storage units.
文摘Pitch produced by the lique-faction of coal was divided into two frac-tions:soluble in toluene(TS)and insol-uble in toluene but soluble in pyridine(TI-PS),and their differences in molecu-lar structure and oxidation activity were studied.Several different carbon materi-als were produced from them by oxida-tion in air(350℃,300 mL/min)fol-lowed by carbonization(1000℃ in Ar),and the effect of the cross-linked structure on their structure and sodium storage properties was investigated.The results showed that the two pitch fractions were obviously different after the air oxidation.The TS fraction with a low degree of condensation and abundant side chains had a stronger oxidation activity and thus introduced more cross-linked oxygen-containing functional groups C(O)―O which prevented carbon layer rearrangement during the carbonization.As a result,a disordered hard carbon with more defects was formed,which improved the electrochemical performance.Therefore,the carbon materials derived from TS(O-TS-1000)had an obvious disordered structure and a larger layer spacing,giving them better sodium storage perform-ance than those derived from the TI-PS fraction(O-TI-PS-1000).The specific capacity of O-TS-1000 was about 250 mAh/g at 20 mA/g,which was 1.67 times higher than that of O-TI-PS-1000(150 mAh/g).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52127816),the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0715000)the National Natural Science and Hong Kong Research Grant Council Joint Research Funding Project of China(No.5181101182)the NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme sponsored by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.N_PolyU513/18).
文摘Latent heat thermal energy storage(TES)effectively reduces the mismatch between energy supply and demand of renewable energy sources by the utilization of phase change materials(PCMs).However,the low thermal conductivity and poor shape stability are the main drawbacks in realizing the large-scale application of PCMs.Promisingly,developing composite PCM(CPCM)based on porous supporting mate-rial provides a desirable solution to obtain performance-enhanced PCMs with improved effective thermal conductivity and shape stability.Among all the porous matrixes as supports for PCM,three-dimensional carbon-based porous supporting material has attracted considerable attention ascribing to its high ther-mal conductivity,desirable loading capacity of PCMs,and excellent chemical compatibility with various PCMs.Therefore,this work systemically reviews the CPCMs with three-dimensional carbon-based porous supporting materials.First,a concise rule for the fabrication of CPCMs is illustrated in detail.Next,the experimental and computational research of carbon nanotube-based support,graphene-based support,graphite-based support and amorphous carbon-based support are reviewed.Then,the applications of the shape-stabilized CPCMs including thermal management and thermal conversion are illustrated.Last but not least,the challenges and prospects of the CPCMs are discussed.To conclude,introducing carbon-based porous materials can solve the liquid leakage issue and essentially improve the thermal conductivity of PCMs.However,there is still a long way to further develop a desirable CPCM with higher latent heat capacity,higher thermal conductivity,and more excellent shape stability.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2023B0909060001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271213)。
文摘This review details the advancement in the development of V–Ti-based hydrogen storage materials for using in metal hydride(MH)tanks to supply hydrogen to fuel cells at relatively ambient temperatures and pressures.V–Tibased solid solution alloys are excellent hydrogen storage materials among many metal hydrides due to their high reversible hydrogen storage capacity which is over 2 wt%at ambient temperature.The preparation methods,structure characteristics,improvement methods of hydrogen storage performance,and attenuation mechanism are systematically summarized and discussed.The relationships between hydrogen storage properties and alloy compositions as well as phase structures are discussed emphatically.For large-scale applications on MH tanks,it is necessary to develop low-cost and high-performance V–Ti-based solid solution alloys with high reversible hydrogen storage capacity,good cyclic durability,and excellent activation performance.
基金funded by the Inner Mongolia Nature Foundation Project,Project number:2023JQ04.
文摘Power quality is a crucial area of research in contemporary power systems,particularly given the rapid proliferation of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind power.This study investigated the relationships between power quality indices of system output and PSD by utilizing theories related to spectra,PSD,and random signal power spectra.The relationship was derived,validated through experiments and simulations,and subsequently applied to multi-objective optimization.Various optimization algorithms were compared to achieve optimal system power quality.The findings revealed that the relationships between power quality indices and PSD were influenced by variations in the order of the power spectral estimation model.An increase in the order of the AR model resulted in a 36%improvement in the number of optimal solutions.Regarding optimal solution distribution,NSGA-II demonstrated superior diversity,while MOEA/D exhibited better convergence.However,practical applications showed that while MOEA/D had higher convergence,NSGA-II produced superior optimal solutions,achieving the best power quality indices(THDi at 4.62%,d%at 3.51%,and cosφat 96%).These results suggest that the proposed method holds significant potential for optimizing power quality in practical applications.
文摘Present industrial decarbonization technologies require an active CO_(2)-concentration system,often based on lime reaction or amine binding reactions,which is energy intensive and carries a high CO_(2)-footprint.Here instead,an effective process without active CO_(2)concentration is demonstrated in a new process-termed IC2CNT(Insulationdiffusion facilitated CO_(2) to Carbon Nanomaterial Technology)decarbonization process.Molten carbonates such as Li_(2)CO_(3)(mp 723℃)are highly insoluble to industrial feed gas principal components(N2,O_(2),and H2O).However,CO_(2) can readily dissolve and react in molten carbonates.We have recently characterized high CO_(2) diffusion rates through porous aluminosilicate and calcium-magnesium silicate thermal insulations.Here,the CO_(2) in ambient feed gas passes through these membranes into molten Li_(2)CO_(3).The membrane also concurrently insulates the feed gas from the hot molten carbonate chamber,obviating the need to heat the(non-CO_(2))majority of the feed gas to high temperature.In this insulation facilitated decarbonization process CO_(2)is split by electrolysis in the molten carbonate producing sequestered,high-purity carbon nanomaterials(such as CNTs)and O_(2).
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51806092,52201410)Non-Carbon Energy Conversion and Utilization Institute under the Shanghai Class IV Peak Disciplinary Development Program,High-End Foreign Experts Recruitment Plan of China(G2022013028L).
文摘Phase Change Material(PCM)-based cold energy storage system(CESS)can effectively utilize the peak and valley power resources to reduce the excessive dependence on the power grid.In this study,a PCM-based CESS was designed for cold storage applications.The optimal number of PCM plates was determined through numerical simulations to meet the required cold storage temperature and control time.Additionally,the air temperature field,flow field,and melting characteristics of the PCMplates during the cooling release process were analyzed.The effects of plate positioning and thickness on the cooling release performance were further investigated.The results indicated that when 64PCMplateswere used,the duration formaintaining temperatures below−18℃increased from0.6 h to approximately 16.94 h.During the cooling release process,the temperature field in the cold storage exhibited stratification,and the melting of the PCM plates was non-uniform.Placing the PCM plates at the top or within the interlayers without cargo above proved more effective,with their cooling release power being approximately twice that of the PCM plates placed in the interlayers with cargo above.Furthermore,reducing the thickness of the PCMplates from15 to 7.5mmresulted in a 3.6-h increase in the time below−18℃and a 4.5-h reduction in the time required to reach 80%liquid phase fraction.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51971199 and 51771171)
文摘The Li-Mg-N-H(Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH)system,as a high-capacity Mg-based metal hydrogen storage material(5.6 wt%),has broad prospects for in vehicle hydrogen storage applications,but it still has high hydrogen ab/desorption barriers.To improve its hydrogen storage performance,a nanohydrogen storage alloy was innovatively combined with Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH,AB5 type nanohydrogen storage alloy LaNi_(5)was prepared by co-precipitation method.Nano LaNi_(5)and single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)were co-doped into the Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH system at a ratio of 10 wt%and 2 wt%,significantly enhancing the hydrogen storage performance of Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH.The initial hydrogen ab/desorption temperatures of the co-doped system decreased from110/130℃to 45/85℃.The release of by-product ammonia is significantly inhibited.4.73 wt% H_(2)can be ab/desorption in 150 min at 180/170℃.Cycle tests show that the co-doped system can still maintain a hydrogen storage capacity of 4.75 wt% after ten hydrogen release cycles.Mechanism and density functional theory study have shown that during the hydrogen release process,partially hydrogenated LaNi_(5)weakens the chemical bonding in Mg(NH_(2))_(2),promoted the dissociation of hydrogen from the Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH system,while playing a dual role of"hydrogen overflow"and"hydrogen pump".SWCNTs act as auxiliary agents,helping to refine particle size and increase thermal conductivity.The synergistic effect of the two optimizes the comprehensive hydrogen storage performance of Mg(NH_(2))_(2)-2LiH.This study provides a new research method for improving the comprehensive hydrogen storage performance of Mg-based metal hydrogen storage materials using rare earth element catalysts.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFB4000604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52271220)+2 种基金the 111 Project (No. B12015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Centre of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, Science Research and Technology Development Project of Guilin (No. 20210102-4)
文摘Novel hydrogen storage materials have propelled progress in hydrogen storage technologies.Magnesium hydride(MgH_(2))is a highly promising candidate.Nevertheless,several drawbacks,including the need for elevated thermal conditions,sluggish dehydrogena-tion kinetics,and high thermodynamic stability,limit its practical application.One effective method of addressing these challenges is cata-lyst doping,which effectively boosts the hydrogen storage capability of Mg-based materials.Herein,we review recent advancements in catalyst-doped MgH_(2) composites,with particular focus on multicomponent and high-entropy catalysts.Structure-property relationships and catalytic mechanisms in these doping strategies are also summarized.Finally,based on existing challenges,we discuss future research directions for the development of Mg-based hydrogen storage systems.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous[grant numbers 2025GXNSFFA069003]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 22379030]+1 种基金Bagui Young Scholars Program of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Regionthe high-performance computing platform of Guangxi University.
文摘Mg-based hydrogen storage materials have attracted much attention due to their high hydrogen content,abundant resources,and environmental friendliness.However,the high dehydrogenation temperature,slow kinetics and poor cycling stability are limiting its practical application.This work demonstrates the improved dehydrogenation kinetics and cycling stability of MgH_(2) modified by a hybrid of metallic Ni and layered MoS_(2)(denoted as“Ni-MoS_(2)”)introduced by ball milling,with Ni as the catalyst for MgH_(2) and MoS_(2) as the support for both Ni and MgH_(2).The onset dehydrogenation temperature of MgH_(2) is reduced to 198℃,and the rehydrogenation begins at a low temperature of 50℃.The MgH_(2)+10 wt%Ni-MoS_(2) composite has a fast dehydrogenation kinetics and can release 6.1 wt% hydrogen in 10 min at a constant temperature of 300℃,with the dehydrogenation activation energy significantly reduced from 151 to 85 kJ mol^(-1).During the cycling,the reversible capacity of the composite first exhibits a gradual increase for the initial 22 cycles and then maintains at 6.1 wt% from the 23th cycle to the 50th cycle.The Ni/MoS_(2) addition does not change the overall thermodynamic properties of MgH_(2) but can weaken the Mg-H bonds in the local regions as evident by theoretical calculation.Microstructure studies reveal that the metallic Ni will react with MgH_(2) to form Mg_(2)NiH_(0.3),which can act as a hydrogen pump,while the layered MoS_(2) serves as a support for the well dispersion of MgH_(2) and Ni.It is believed that the synergy of Mg_(2)NiH_(0.3) and layered MoS_(2) contributes to the significantly enhanced hydrogen storage of MgH_(2).This work provides a promising and simple strategy for enhancing the Mg-based hydrogen storage materials by combination of transition metals and layered materials introduced via simple ball milling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22125903,22439003,22209175)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant 2022YFA1504100,2023YFB4005204)+1 种基金the Energy Revolution S&T Program of Yulin Innovation Institute of Clean Energy(Grant E412010508)the State Key Laboratory of Catalysis(No:2024SKL-A-001)。
文摘Microbatteries(MBs)are crucial to power miniaturized devices for the Internet of Things.In the evolutionary journey of MBs,fabrication technology emerges as the cornerstone,guiding the intricacies of their configuration designs,ensuring precision,and facilitating scalability for mass production.Photolithography stands out as an ideal technology,leveraging its unparalleled resolution,exceptional design flexibility,and entrenched position within the mature semiconductor industry.However,comprehensive reviews on its application in MB development remain scarce.This review aims to bridge that gap by thoroughly assessing the recent status and promising prospects of photolithographic microfabrication for MBs.Firstly,we delve into the fundamental principles and step-by-step procedures of photolithography,offering a nuanced understanding of its operational mechanisms and the criteria for photoresist selection.Subsequently,we highlighted the specific roles of photolithography in the fabrication of MBs,including its utilization as a template for creating miniaturized micropatterns,a protective layer during the etching process,a mold for soft lithography,a constituent of MB active component,and a sacrificial layer in the construction of micro-Swiss-roll structure.Finally,the review concludes with a summary of the key challenges and future perspectives of MBs fabricated by photolithography,providing comprehensive insights and sparking research inspiration in this field.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92163124)Foundation for the Sichuan University and Zigong City Joint research project(No.2021CDZG-2)+1 种基金Foundation for the Sichuan University and Yibin City Strategic Cooperation Project(No.2020CDYB-32)Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Material(No.2020GKLLCEM02)。
文摘Carbon materials are considered as prospective anode candidates for potassium ion batteries(PIBs).However,the low-rate capability is hampered by slow K+diffusion kinetics and obstructed electron transport of carbon-based anodes.In this work,calcium D-gluconate derived mesoporous carbon nanosheets(CGC)were interpenetrated into the architecture of reduced graphene oxides(RGO)to form the composites of two-dimensional(2D)/2D graphene/mesoporous carbon nanosheets(RGO@CGC).CGC as a rigid skeleton can prevent the graphene layers from restacking and maintain the structural stability of the 2D/2D carbon composites of RGO@CGC.The mesopores in CGC can shorten the path of ion diffusion and facilitate the penetration of electrolytes.RGO possesses the high surface-to-volume ratio and superior electron transport capability in the honeycomb-like 2D network consisting of sp^(2)-hybridized carbon atoms.Especially,theπ-πstacking interaction between CGC and RGO enhances stable composite structure formation,expedites interlayer-electron transfer,and establishes three-dimensional(3D)ion transportation pathways.Owing to these unique structure,RGO@CGC exhibits fast and stable potassium storage capability.Furthermore,the effects of binders and electrolytes on the electrochemical performance of RGO@CGC were investigated.Finally,Prussian blue was synthesized as a positive electrode to explore the possibility of RGO@CGC as a full battery application.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(No.2022YFB4004301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52201274 and 52307250)the Shaanxi Province key research and development plan,China(No.2024CY2-GJHX-53).
文摘TiFe alloys are AB-based hydrogen storage materials with unique characteristics and a wide range of applications.However,the presence of impurity gases(such as O_(2),CO,CO_(2),and CH4)has a considerable impact on the hydrogen storage capacity and kinetics of TiFe alloys,drastically limiting their practical application in hydrogen storage.Consequently,in this study,we investigated the hydrogen absorption kinetics and cycling performance of the TiFe_(0.9) alloy in the presence of common impurity gases(including CH4,CO,CO_(2),and O_(2))and determined the corresponding poisoning mechanisms.Specifically,we found that CH4 did not react with the alloy but acted through physical coverage.In contrast,CO and CO_(2) occupy the active sites for H_(2),significantly impeding the dissociation and absorption of H_(2).In addition,O_(2) reacts directly with the alloy to form a passivating layer that prevents hydrogen absorption.These findings were fur-ther corroborated by in situ Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR)and density functional theory(DFT).The relationship between the adsorption energies of the impurity gases and hydrogen obtained through DFT calculations complements the experimental results.Un-derstanding these poisoning behaviors is crucial for designing Ti-based high-entropy hydrogen storage alloy alloys with enhanced resist-ance to poisoning.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51976092)。
文摘High-temperature phase change materials(PCMs)have attracted significant attention in the field of thermal energy storage due to their ability to store and release large amounts of heat within a small temperature fluctuation range.However,their practical application is limited due to problems such as leakage,corrosion,and volume changes at high temperatures.Recent research has shown that macroencapsulation technology holds promise in addressing these issues.This paper focuses on the macroencapsulation technology of high-temperature PCMs,starting with a review of the classification and development history of high-temperature macroencapsulatd PCMs.Four major encapsulation strategies,including electroplating method,solid/liquid filling method,sacrificial material method,and powder compaction into sphere method,are then summarized.The methods for effectively addressing issues such as corrosion,leakage,supercooling,and phase separation in PCMs are analyzed,along with approaches for improving the heat transfer performance,mechanical strength,and thermal cycling stability of macrocapsules.Subsequently,the structure and packing arrangement optimization of macrocapsules in thermal storage systems is discussed in detail.Finally,after comparing the performance of various encapsulation strategies and summarizing existing issues,the current technical challenges,improvement methods,and future development directions are proposed.More attention should be given to utilizing AI technology and reinforcement learning to reveal the multiphysics-coupled heat and mass transfer mechanisms in macrocapsule applications,as well as to optimize material selection and encapsulation parameters,thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of thermal storage systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52201274)the Project of Education Department of Shanxi Province(No.22JK0419).
文摘High-capacity LiBH_(4)is a promising solid hydrogen storage material.However,the large electron cloud density between the B-H bonds in LiBH_(4)induces high dehydrogenation temperatures and sluggish dehydrogenation kinetics.To solve the above problems,it is proposed to enhance the hydrogen storage properties of LiBH_(4)through the synergistic effect of Brønsted and Lewis acid in Hβzeolite.Composite hydrogen storage systems with different mass ratios were prepared by simple ball-milling.At a LiBH_(4)-to-Hβmass ratio of 6:4,the 6LiBH_(4)-4Hβsystem released hydrogen at 190℃and achieved a hydrogen release capacity of 7.0 wt%H_(2)upon heating to 400℃.More importantly,the hydrogen release capacity of the system reached 6.02 wt%at 350℃under isothermal conditions after 100 min and 7.2 wt%at 400℃under isothermal conditions after 80 min,whereas the pristine LiBH_(4)only achieved 2.2 wt%.The improvement in hydrogen storage performance of the system was mainly attributed to two factors:(i)Lewis acid sites with acceptable electrons in the Hβweaken the electron density of B-H bonds in LiBH_(4),and(ii)the H+proton from the Brønsted acid sites and H−of LiBH_(4)undergo a H^(+)+H^(−)=H_(2)reaction.Theoretical calculations revealed that the Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in the Hβzeolite are conducive to the weakening of B-H bonds and that storage charge transfer occurs near the Lewis acid sites.The present work provides new insights into improving the hydrogen storage performance of LiBH_(4)by weakening the B-H bonds in the LiBH_(4).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22273096)the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22409139).
文摘In the global transition towards sustainable energy sources,hydrogen energy has emerged as an indispensable pillar in reshaping the energy landscape,owing to its environmental sustainability,zero emissions,and high efficiency.Nevertheless,the large-scale deployment of hydrogen energy is confronted with substantial technical barriers in storage and transportation.Although contemporary research has shifted focus to the development of highly efficient hydrogen storage materials,conventional material design concepts remain predominantly empirical,typically relying on trial-and-error methodologies.Importantly,the widespread application of artificial intelligence technologies in accelerating materials discovery and optimization has attracted considerable attention.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in hydrogen storage technologies,with an emphasis on the synergistic application of high-throughput screening and machine learning in solid-state hydrogen storage materials.These approaches demonstrate exceptional potential in accurately predicting hydrogen storage properties,optimizing material performance,and accelerating the development of innovative hydrogen storage materials.Specifically,we discuss in detail the essential role of artificial intelligence in developing hydrogen storage materials such as metal hydrides,alloys,carbon materials,metal–organic frameworks,and zeolites.Moreover,underground hydrogen storage is further explored as a scalable renewable energy storage solution,particularly in terms of optimizing storage parameters and performance prediction.By systematically analyzing the limitations of existing hydrogen storage approaches and the transformative potential of artificial intelligence-driven methods,this review offers insights into the discovery and optimization of high-performance hydrogen storage materials,contributing to sustainable global energy development and technological innovation.
