The key to realize the commercial production of natural gas hydrate(NGH)is to increase theNGH productivity significantly in the scale of magnitude.Whether NGH production can be commercialized depends on two aspects.Th...The key to realize the commercial production of natural gas hydrate(NGH)is to increase theNGH productivity significantly in the scale of magnitude.Whether NGH production can be commercialized depends on two aspects.The first is whether the in-situ recoverable reserves are large enough to support the basic production period for commercial production.The second is whether the average productivity can reach the standard for commercial production.In this paper,we will analyze mainly about the potential stimulation technologies for NGH development,and discuss about the basic principles,the evaluation methods,and the technical bottlenecks for NGH production and stimulation.The results indicate that the main mechanisms for increasing theNGH productivity are in three respects,namely enlarging the drainage area,increasing the NGH dissociation efficiency,and improving the seepage conditions.With complex-structure wells and multiple-well patterns,combined with novel production methods and/or reservoir stimulation technologies,the NGH productivity can be increased greatly.Particularly,the complexstructure wells and well patterns are very important for increasing NGH productivity.With complex-structure wells and well patterns,combined with heat injection and/or reservoir stimulation,NGH productivity can be increased on a magnitude scale.Currently,in fundamental researches,there are some technical bottlenecks for the studies of NGH production,mainly in sample preparation,simulated reservoir monitoring,and mechanical coupling technologies.Therefore,it is suggested that the study focuses should be on the above technical bottlenecks during the basic research on how to increase the NGH productivity.It is concluded that the combined application of complex-structure wells(horizontal wells and multi-lateral wells),well-pattern production models(with multi-cluster/group well production),the novel production methods(mainly thermal stimulation,together with depressurization),and reservoir stimulation technologies(hydraulic fracturing)are the keys to increase NGH productivity in the scale of magnitude.展开更多
Optogenetics enables precise,cell-specific control of neural activity,surpassing traditional electrical stimulation methods that indiscriminately activate nearby cells,making it crucial for rehabilitation,neurological...Optogenetics enables precise,cell-specific control of neural activity,surpassing traditional electrical stimulation methods that indiscriminately activate nearby cells,making it crucial for rehabilitation,neurological disorder treatment,and understanding neural circuits.Among light sources for delivering light to genetically modified cells,bio-implants integrated with Light Emitting Diodes(LEDs)have recently been the focus of extensive research due to their advantage of enabling local photogeneration.Unlike laser-based systems,which require tethered setups that hinder behavioral experiments,μ-LED-based devices allow for wireless operation,facilitating more natural movement in subjects.Furthermore,μ-LED arrays can be designed with higher spatial resolution compared to waveguide-coupled external light sources,enabling more precise control over neural activity.This paper presents design rules for implantable flexible optogenetic devices based onμ-LED,tailored to the unique anatomical and functional requirements of various regions of the nervous system.Integration of recent advancements in devices withμ-LEDs(e.g.wireless systems,optofluidic systems,multifunctionality,and closed-loop systems)enhances behavioral experiments and deepens understanding of complex neural functions in the brain,spinal cord,autonomic nervous system,and somatic nervous system.The combination of optogenetics with advanced bio-implantable devices offers promising avenues in medical science,providing more effective tools for neuromodulation research and clinical applications.展开更多
Recent work demonstrated stimulated Raman adiabatic passage-type transfer of energy along 3 acoustic cavities. After brief comments on the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage method, remarks on the scientific and techn...Recent work demonstrated stimulated Raman adiabatic passage-type transfer of energy along 3 acoustic cavities. After brief comments on the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage method, remarks on the scientific and technological relevance of this work are presented, followed by noting other recent important applications of the process.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Project“Application Demonstration of Trial Production,Environmental Monitoring and Comprehensive Evaluation of Hydrate”(No.:2017YFC0307600)Shandong Provincial Taishan Scholars Special Expert Project(No.ts201712079)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project“Numerical Simulation of the Influence of Hydraulic Cutting on the Productivity of Depressurization Production of Silty Hydrate in the South China Sea”(No.ZR2019BD058).
文摘The key to realize the commercial production of natural gas hydrate(NGH)is to increase theNGH productivity significantly in the scale of magnitude.Whether NGH production can be commercialized depends on two aspects.The first is whether the in-situ recoverable reserves are large enough to support the basic production period for commercial production.The second is whether the average productivity can reach the standard for commercial production.In this paper,we will analyze mainly about the potential stimulation technologies for NGH development,and discuss about the basic principles,the evaluation methods,and the technical bottlenecks for NGH production and stimulation.The results indicate that the main mechanisms for increasing theNGH productivity are in three respects,namely enlarging the drainage area,increasing the NGH dissociation efficiency,and improving the seepage conditions.With complex-structure wells and multiple-well patterns,combined with novel production methods and/or reservoir stimulation technologies,the NGH productivity can be increased greatly.Particularly,the complexstructure wells and well patterns are very important for increasing NGH productivity.With complex-structure wells and well patterns,combined with heat injection and/or reservoir stimulation,NGH productivity can be increased on a magnitude scale.Currently,in fundamental researches,there are some technical bottlenecks for the studies of NGH production,mainly in sample preparation,simulated reservoir monitoring,and mechanical coupling technologies.Therefore,it is suggested that the study focuses should be on the above technical bottlenecks during the basic research on how to increase the NGH productivity.It is concluded that the combined application of complex-structure wells(horizontal wells and multi-lateral wells),well-pattern production models(with multi-cluster/group well production),the novel production methods(mainly thermal stimulation,together with depressurization),and reservoir stimulation technologies(hydraulic fracturing)are the keys to increase NGH productivity in the scale of magnitude.
基金support received from the National Research Foundation of Korea(Grant Nos.RS-2024-00353768 and RS-2024-00400874)supported by the Yonsei Fellowship,funded by Lee Youn Jae+1 种基金supported by the WISH Center at Georgia Tech Institute for Matter and Systemssupported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(RS-2024-00464654).
文摘Optogenetics enables precise,cell-specific control of neural activity,surpassing traditional electrical stimulation methods that indiscriminately activate nearby cells,making it crucial for rehabilitation,neurological disorder treatment,and understanding neural circuits.Among light sources for delivering light to genetically modified cells,bio-implants integrated with Light Emitting Diodes(LEDs)have recently been the focus of extensive research due to their advantage of enabling local photogeneration.Unlike laser-based systems,which require tethered setups that hinder behavioral experiments,μ-LED-based devices allow for wireless operation,facilitating more natural movement in subjects.Furthermore,μ-LED arrays can be designed with higher spatial resolution compared to waveguide-coupled external light sources,enabling more precise control over neural activity.This paper presents design rules for implantable flexible optogenetic devices based onμ-LED,tailored to the unique anatomical and functional requirements of various regions of the nervous system.Integration of recent advancements in devices withμ-LEDs(e.g.wireless systems,optofluidic systems,multifunctionality,and closed-loop systems)enhances behavioral experiments and deepens understanding of complex neural functions in the brain,spinal cord,autonomic nervous system,and somatic nervous system.The combination of optogenetics with advanced bio-implantable devices offers promising avenues in medical science,providing more effective tools for neuromodulation research and clinical applications.
文摘Recent work demonstrated stimulated Raman adiabatic passage-type transfer of energy along 3 acoustic cavities. After brief comments on the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage method, remarks on the scientific and technological relevance of this work are presented, followed by noting other recent important applications of the process.
