Origami structure has been employed in many engineering applications.However,there is currently no strategy that can systematically achieve stiffness-tunable origami(STO)structures through proper geometric design.Here...Origami structure has been employed in many engineering applications.However,there is currently no strategy that can systematically achieve stiffness-tunable origami(STO)structures through proper geometric design.Here,we report a strategy for designing and fabricating STO structures based on thick-panel origami using multimaterial 3D printing.By adjusting the soft hinge position,we tune the geometric parameterψto program the stiffness and strength of origami structures.We develop origami structures with graded stiffness and strength by stacking Kresling origami structures with differentψ.The printed structures show great cyclic characteristics and deformation ability.After optimizing combinations of structures with differentψ,the multi-layer Kresling STO structures can effectively reduce the peak impact,showing a good energy absorption effect.The proposed approach can be implemented in various origami patterns to design and tune the mechanical properties of origami structures for many potential applications.展开更多
Flexible materials are essential in bionic fields such as soft robots.However,the lack of stiffness limits the mechanical performance of soft robots and makes them difficult to develop in many extreme working conditio...Flexible materials are essential in bionic fields such as soft robots.However,the lack of stiffness limits the mechanical performance of soft robots and makes them difficult to develop in many extreme working conditions,such as lifting and excavation operations.To address this issue,we prepared a stiffness-tunable composite by dispersing low-melting-point alloy into thermosetting epoxy resin.A dramatic and rapid change in stiffness was achieved by changing the state of matter at lower temperatures,and accurate control of the composite modulus was achieved by controlling the temperature.When the alloy content is at 30vol%,the tensile modulus changes 41.6 times,while the compressive modulus changes 58.9 times.By applying the composite to a flexible actuator,the initial stiffness of the actuator was improved by 124 times,reaching 332 mN/mm.In addition,the use of stiffness-tunable materials in the wheel allowed for timely changes in the grounding area to improve friction.These flexible materials with manageable mechanical properties have wide applicability in fields including bionics,robotics,and sensing.Our findings provide a new approach to designing and developing flexible materials with improved stiffness and controllability.展开更多
The human wrist, a complex articulation of skeletal muscles and two-carpal rows, substantially contributes to improvements in maneuverability by agilely performing three-degree-of-freedom(3-DOF) orienting tasks and re...The human wrist, a complex articulation of skeletal muscles and two-carpal rows, substantially contributes to improvements in maneuverability by agilely performing three-degree-of-freedom(3-DOF) orienting tasks and regulating stiffness according to variations in interaction forces. However, few soft robotic wrists simultaneously demonstrate dexterous 3-DOF motion and variable stiffness;in addition, they do not fully consider a soft-rigid hybrid structure of integrated muscles and two carpal rows.In this study, we developed a soft-rigid hybrid structure to design a biomimetic soft robotic wrist(BSRW) that is capable of rotating in the x and y directions, twisting around the z-axis, and possessing stiffness-tunable capacity. To actuate the BSRW, a lightweight soft-ring-reinforced bellows-type pneumatic actuator(SRBPA) with large axial, linear deformation(η_(lcmax)=70.6%,η_(lemax)=54.3%) and small radial expansion(η_(demax)=3.7%) is designed to mimic the motion of skeletal muscles. To represent the function of two-carpal rows, a compact particle-jamming joint(PJJ) that combines particles with a membrane-covered ballsocket mechanism is developed to achieve various 3-DOF motions and high axial load-carrying capacity(>60 N). By varying the jamming pressure, the stiffness of the PJJ can be adjusted. Finally, a centrally positioned PJJ and six independently actuated SRBPAs, which are in an inclined and antagonistic arrangement, are sandwiched between two rigid plates to form a flexible,stable, and compact BSRW. Such a structure enables the BSRW to have a dexterous 3-DOF motion, high load-carrying ability,and stiffness tunability. Experimental analysis verify 3-DOF motion of BSRW, producing force of 29.6 N and 36 N and torque of2.2 Nm in corresponding rotations. Moreover, the range of rotational angle and stiffness-tuning properties of BSRW are studied by applying jamming pressure to the PJJ. Finally, a system combining a BSRW and a soft enclosing gripper is proposed to demonstrate outstanding manipulation capability in potential applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National KeyResearch and Development Program of China(2020YFB1312900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12072142)+1 种基金the Key Talent Recruitment Program of Guangdong Province(No.2019QN01Z438)the Science Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(ZDSYS20210623092005017).
文摘Origami structure has been employed in many engineering applications.However,there is currently no strategy that can systematically achieve stiffness-tunable origami(STO)structures through proper geometric design.Here,we report a strategy for designing and fabricating STO structures based on thick-panel origami using multimaterial 3D printing.By adjusting the soft hinge position,we tune the geometric parameterψto program the stiffness and strength of origami structures.We develop origami structures with graded stiffness and strength by stacking Kresling origami structures with differentψ.The printed structures show great cyclic characteristics and deformation ability.After optimizing combinations of structures with differentψ,the multi-layer Kresling STO structures can effectively reduce the peak impact,showing a good energy absorption effect.The proposed approach can be implemented in various origami patterns to design and tune the mechanical properties of origami structures for many potential applications.
基金This work was supported by the Project of National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0703300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52105299,52175271,52021003,91948302)+1 种基金Science and technology development plan project of Jilin Province(20210509047RQ,20210508057RQ)Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(2017TD-04).
文摘Flexible materials are essential in bionic fields such as soft robots.However,the lack of stiffness limits the mechanical performance of soft robots and makes them difficult to develop in many extreme working conditions,such as lifting and excavation operations.To address this issue,we prepared a stiffness-tunable composite by dispersing low-melting-point alloy into thermosetting epoxy resin.A dramatic and rapid change in stiffness was achieved by changing the state of matter at lower temperatures,and accurate control of the composite modulus was achieved by controlling the temperature.When the alloy content is at 30vol%,the tensile modulus changes 41.6 times,while the compressive modulus changes 58.9 times.By applying the composite to a flexible actuator,the initial stiffness of the actuator was improved by 124 times,reaching 332 mN/mm.In addition,the use of stiffness-tunable materials in the wheel allowed for timely changes in the grounding area to improve friction.These flexible materials with manageable mechanical properties have wide applicability in fields including bionics,robotics,and sensing.Our findings provide a new approach to designing and developing flexible materials with improved stiffness and controllability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 52075556)the Key R&D Program of Hunan Province(Grant No. 2021SK2016)。
文摘The human wrist, a complex articulation of skeletal muscles and two-carpal rows, substantially contributes to improvements in maneuverability by agilely performing three-degree-of-freedom(3-DOF) orienting tasks and regulating stiffness according to variations in interaction forces. However, few soft robotic wrists simultaneously demonstrate dexterous 3-DOF motion and variable stiffness;in addition, they do not fully consider a soft-rigid hybrid structure of integrated muscles and two carpal rows.In this study, we developed a soft-rigid hybrid structure to design a biomimetic soft robotic wrist(BSRW) that is capable of rotating in the x and y directions, twisting around the z-axis, and possessing stiffness-tunable capacity. To actuate the BSRW, a lightweight soft-ring-reinforced bellows-type pneumatic actuator(SRBPA) with large axial, linear deformation(η_(lcmax)=70.6%,η_(lemax)=54.3%) and small radial expansion(η_(demax)=3.7%) is designed to mimic the motion of skeletal muscles. To represent the function of two-carpal rows, a compact particle-jamming joint(PJJ) that combines particles with a membrane-covered ballsocket mechanism is developed to achieve various 3-DOF motions and high axial load-carrying capacity(>60 N). By varying the jamming pressure, the stiffness of the PJJ can be adjusted. Finally, a centrally positioned PJJ and six independently actuated SRBPAs, which are in an inclined and antagonistic arrangement, are sandwiched between two rigid plates to form a flexible,stable, and compact BSRW. Such a structure enables the BSRW to have a dexterous 3-DOF motion, high load-carrying ability,and stiffness tunability. Experimental analysis verify 3-DOF motion of BSRW, producing force of 29.6 N and 36 N and torque of2.2 Nm in corresponding rotations. Moreover, the range of rotational angle and stiffness-tuning properties of BSRW are studied by applying jamming pressure to the PJJ. Finally, a system combining a BSRW and a soft enclosing gripper is proposed to demonstrate outstanding manipulation capability in potential applications.
