The continuous development of the socialist economy has widened the new opening for the progress of the medical and health industry. The improvement of the medical and health service level has brought important guaran...The continuous development of the socialist economy has widened the new opening for the progress of the medical and health industry. The improvement of the medical and health service level has brought important guarantee for peoples production and life. In recent years, people have paid extensive attention to the safe and reasonable use of clinical drugs. In particular, the safety of clinical medication is directly related to peoples life safety and health. According to the professional statistics of WHO, the percentage of patients dying due to irrational drug use is as high as about 40% in the world, which shocked many people. Therefore, in the actual work of medical and health medication, more attention should be paid to standardizing medication, rational medication and safe medication. The pharmacy department should establish and perfect the standard system of clinical medication. On the one hand, it is to ensure the standardization and safety of clinical medication, on the other hand, it is also to eliminate the adverse consequences and effects caused by non-standard medication. This paper analyzes and discusses the progress in safety management and analysis of standardized clinical medication in pharmacy department, hoping to provide some suggestions and inspiration for relevant workers.展开更多
The medical education of the Song dynasty constitutes a pivotal aspect within the broader framework of ancient Chinese medical education. The advent of the imperial examination system coincided with the emergence of a...The medical education of the Song dynasty constitutes a pivotal aspect within the broader framework of ancient Chinese medical education. The advent of the imperial examination system coincided with the emergence of a medical examination system, which served as the cornerstone for the subsequent evolution of medical education. According to historical records, the Song government established dedicated medical departments, along with comprehensive systems encompassing medical professors, students, and examinations. By examining extant medical historical documents, such as Tai Yi Ju Zhu Ke Cheng Wen Ge(《太医局诸科程文格》 Examination Answers and Standards of the Imperial Medical Bureau), researchers and readers can obtain a comprehensive understanding of the medical system that prevailed in the Song dynasty. While the intricate details of medical education during this era are not explicitly documented in historical records, modern researchers have the opportunity to uncover the entire view of medical education, particularly the medical examination system, through rigorous analysis of these extant historical medical documents. Such studies offer valuable insights into the developmental trajectory of the ancient Chinese medical examination system and provide crucial references for contemporary medical education. By conducting in-depth literature research and analysis of Tai Yi Ju Zhu Ke Cheng Wen Ge, this study endeavors to reconstruct the authentic scenario of medical examinations in the Song dynasty, as presented in the document, for the benefit of modern readers and researchers.展开更多
ETIOLOGICAL TERMSIn traditional Chinese medicine, etiology is commonly called "cause of disease". The various factors that may cause disease are called "pathogenic factors". In the past they were c...ETIOLOGICAL TERMSIn traditional Chinese medicine, etiology is commonly called "cause of disease". The various factors that may cause disease are called "pathogenic factors". In the past they were classified into three categories: "exogenous factors", "endogenous factors", and "non-exo-endogenous factors". In the modern textbooks this tri-causal hypothesis is not so widely used, while a new classification has been developed.展开更多
Blood in Western medicine and血〔xue〕inTCM refer to the same substance,but some writ-ers insisted the use of xue or hsueh for TCM be-cause the latter’s knowledge about blood is differ-
1 BackgroundIt is well known that the radiology diagnostic report as the essential component of the patient′s permanent health record,which radiography is an indispensable diagnostic tool.Our duties are observe the i...1 BackgroundIt is well known that the radiology diagnostic report as the essential component of the patient′s permanent health record,which radiography is an indispensable diagnostic tool.Our duties are observe the imaging carefully and write a展开更多
Santomean pig farmer Simao Vicente was hopeful when he came to ask Zou Rui for help. His pig was suffering from hernia, and Zou, a 42-year-old Chinese agricultural expert working in Sao Tomé and Príncipe, wa...Santomean pig farmer Simao Vicente was hopeful when he came to ask Zou Rui for help. His pig was suffering from hernia, and Zou, a 42-year-old Chinese agricultural expert working in Sao Tomé and Príncipe, was the only person on the island who could provide emergency surgery.展开更多
Background:Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF)has a high short-term mortality.However,the treatment progression for HBV-ACLF in China in the past decade has not been well characterized.T...Background:Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF)has a high short-term mortality.However,the treatment progression for HBV-ACLF in China in the past decade has not been well characterized.The present study aimed to determine whether the HBV-ACLF treatment has significantly improved during the past decade.Methods:This study retrospectively compared short-term(28/56 days)survival rates of two different nationwide cohorts(cohort I:2008-2011 and cohort II:2012-2015).Eligible HBV-ACLF patients were enrolled retrospectively.Patients in the cohorts I and II were assigned either to the standard medical therapy(SMT)group(cohort I-SMT,cohort II-SMT)or artificial liver support system(ALSS)group(cohort IALSS,cohort II-ALSS).Propensity score matching analysis was conducted to eliminate baseline differences,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent factors for 28-day survival.Results:Short-term(28/56 days)survival rates were significantly higher in the ALSS group than those in the SMT group(P<0.05)and were higher in the cohort II than those in the cohort I(P<0.001).After propensity score matching,short-term(28/56 days)survival rates were higher in the cohort II than those in the cohort I for both SMT(60.7%vs.53.0%,50.0%vs.39.8%,P<0.05)and ALSS(66.1%vs.56.5%,53.0%vs.44.4%,P<0.05)treatments.The 28-day survival rate was higher in patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs than in patients without such treatments(P=0.046).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ALSS(OR=0.962,95%CI:0.951-0.973,P=0.038),nucleos(t)ide analogs(OR=0.927,95%CI:0.871-0.983,P=0.046),old age(OR=1.028,95%CI:1.015-1.041,P<0.001),total bilirubin(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.003,P=0.004),INR(OR=1.569,95%CI:1.044-2.358,P<0.001),COSSH-ACLF grade(OR=2.683,95%CI:1.792-4.017,P<0.001),and albumin(OR=0.952,95%CI:0.924-0.982,P=0.002)were independent factors for 28-day mortality.Conclusions:The treatment for patients with HBV-ACLF has improved in the past decade.展开更多
Rationale The management of residual stenosis after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related emerge large vessel occlusive(ICAS-LVO)stroke is still unclear question in cli...Rationale The management of residual stenosis after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related emerge large vessel occlusive(ICAS-LVO)stroke is still unclear question in clinical practice.Aim To demonstrate the design of a clinical trial on emergency balloon angioplasty and/or stenting(BAS)combined with standard medical treatment(SMT)for residual stenosis of ICAS-LVO stroke patients with successful recanalisation.Design ASSET is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blinded end-point,controlled clinical trial designed(PROBE)by investigators.This trial evaluates the effectiveness and the safety of emergency BAS in combination with SMT compared with SMT alone in ICAS-LVO stroke patients with successful recanalisation(defined as expanded treatment in cerebral ischaemia grade of 2b50-3 and maintained for more than 20 min)and residual stenosis(defined as≥50%)up to 24 hours after the onset of symptoms or the last known well.Outcome The primary outcome assessed at 90(±7)days after randomisation is the incidence of ischaemic stroke in the responsible vessel.Symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage within 24(±3)hours is the primary safety outcome.展开更多
文摘The continuous development of the socialist economy has widened the new opening for the progress of the medical and health industry. The improvement of the medical and health service level has brought important guarantee for peoples production and life. In recent years, people have paid extensive attention to the safe and reasonable use of clinical drugs. In particular, the safety of clinical medication is directly related to peoples life safety and health. According to the professional statistics of WHO, the percentage of patients dying due to irrational drug use is as high as about 40% in the world, which shocked many people. Therefore, in the actual work of medical and health medication, more attention should be paid to standardizing medication, rational medication and safe medication. The pharmacy department should establish and perfect the standard system of clinical medication. On the one hand, it is to ensure the standardization and safety of clinical medication, on the other hand, it is also to eliminate the adverse consequences and effects caused by non-standard medication. This paper analyzes and discusses the progress in safety management and analysis of standardized clinical medication in pharmacy department, hoping to provide some suggestions and inspiration for relevant workers.
文摘The medical education of the Song dynasty constitutes a pivotal aspect within the broader framework of ancient Chinese medical education. The advent of the imperial examination system coincided with the emergence of a medical examination system, which served as the cornerstone for the subsequent evolution of medical education. According to historical records, the Song government established dedicated medical departments, along with comprehensive systems encompassing medical professors, students, and examinations. By examining extant medical historical documents, such as Tai Yi Ju Zhu Ke Cheng Wen Ge(《太医局诸科程文格》 Examination Answers and Standards of the Imperial Medical Bureau), researchers and readers can obtain a comprehensive understanding of the medical system that prevailed in the Song dynasty. While the intricate details of medical education during this era are not explicitly documented in historical records, modern researchers have the opportunity to uncover the entire view of medical education, particularly the medical examination system, through rigorous analysis of these extant historical medical documents. Such studies offer valuable insights into the developmental trajectory of the ancient Chinese medical examination system and provide crucial references for contemporary medical education. By conducting in-depth literature research and analysis of Tai Yi Ju Zhu Ke Cheng Wen Ge, this study endeavors to reconstruct the authentic scenario of medical examinations in the Song dynasty, as presented in the document, for the benefit of modern readers and researchers.
文摘ETIOLOGICAL TERMSIn traditional Chinese medicine, etiology is commonly called "cause of disease". The various factors that may cause disease are called "pathogenic factors". In the past they were classified into three categories: "exogenous factors", "endogenous factors", and "non-exo-endogenous factors". In the modern textbooks this tri-causal hypothesis is not so widely used, while a new classification has been developed.
文摘Blood in Western medicine and血〔xue〕inTCM refer to the same substance,but some writ-ers insisted the use of xue or hsueh for TCM be-cause the latter’s knowledge about blood is differ-
文摘1 BackgroundIt is well known that the radiology diagnostic report as the essential component of the patient′s permanent health record,which radiography is an indispensable diagnostic tool.Our duties are observe the imaging carefully and write a
文摘Santomean pig farmer Simao Vicente was hopeful when he came to ask Zou Rui for help. His pig was suffering from hernia, and Zou, a 42-year-old Chinese agricultural expert working in Sao Tomé and Príncipe, was the only person on the island who could provide emergency surgery.
基金supported by grants from the Science&Technology Key Program of Zhejiang China(2017C03051)the National Science&Technology Major Project of China(2017ZX10203201)。
文摘Background:Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(HBV-ACLF)has a high short-term mortality.However,the treatment progression for HBV-ACLF in China in the past decade has not been well characterized.The present study aimed to determine whether the HBV-ACLF treatment has significantly improved during the past decade.Methods:This study retrospectively compared short-term(28/56 days)survival rates of two different nationwide cohorts(cohort I:2008-2011 and cohort II:2012-2015).Eligible HBV-ACLF patients were enrolled retrospectively.Patients in the cohorts I and II were assigned either to the standard medical therapy(SMT)group(cohort I-SMT,cohort II-SMT)or artificial liver support system(ALSS)group(cohort IALSS,cohort II-ALSS).Propensity score matching analysis was conducted to eliminate baseline differences,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the independent factors for 28-day survival.Results:Short-term(28/56 days)survival rates were significantly higher in the ALSS group than those in the SMT group(P<0.05)and were higher in the cohort II than those in the cohort I(P<0.001).After propensity score matching,short-term(28/56 days)survival rates were higher in the cohort II than those in the cohort I for both SMT(60.7%vs.53.0%,50.0%vs.39.8%,P<0.05)and ALSS(66.1%vs.56.5%,53.0%vs.44.4%,P<0.05)treatments.The 28-day survival rate was higher in patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs than in patients without such treatments(P=0.046).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ALSS(OR=0.962,95%CI:0.951-0.973,P=0.038),nucleos(t)ide analogs(OR=0.927,95%CI:0.871-0.983,P=0.046),old age(OR=1.028,95%CI:1.015-1.041,P<0.001),total bilirubin(OR=1.002,95%CI:1.001-1.003,P=0.004),INR(OR=1.569,95%CI:1.044-2.358,P<0.001),COSSH-ACLF grade(OR=2.683,95%CI:1.792-4.017,P<0.001),and albumin(OR=0.952,95%CI:0.924-0.982,P=0.002)were independent factors for 28-day mortality.Conclusions:The treatment for patients with HBV-ACLF has improved in the past decade.
基金funded by National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China(No.804079).
文摘Rationale The management of residual stenosis after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis-related emerge large vessel occlusive(ICAS-LVO)stroke is still unclear question in clinical practice.Aim To demonstrate the design of a clinical trial on emergency balloon angioplasty and/or stenting(BAS)combined with standard medical treatment(SMT)for residual stenosis of ICAS-LVO stroke patients with successful recanalisation.Design ASSET is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blinded end-point,controlled clinical trial designed(PROBE)by investigators.This trial evaluates the effectiveness and the safety of emergency BAS in combination with SMT compared with SMT alone in ICAS-LVO stroke patients with successful recanalisation(defined as expanded treatment in cerebral ischaemia grade of 2b50-3 and maintained for more than 20 min)and residual stenosis(defined as≥50%)up to 24 hours after the onset of symptoms or the last known well.Outcome The primary outcome assessed at 90(±7)days after randomisation is the incidence of ischaemic stroke in the responsible vessel.Symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage within 24(±3)hours is the primary safety outcome.
