Tick studies in Malaysia have experienced a dynamic evolution characterized by periods of growth,stagnation,and the potential for revival.Beginning during the colonial era in the early 1900s,tick studies were primaril...Tick studies in Malaysia have experienced a dynamic evolution characterized by periods of growth,stagnation,and the potential for revival.Beginning during the colonial era in the early 1900s,tick studies were primarily conducted by European scientists and curators,establishing the foundation for tick taxonomy in the region.Pioneering works by George Henry Falknier Nuttall and Cecil Warburton introduced several new tick species,including Haemaphysalis(H.)calva,H.mjoebergi,H.vidua and H.wellingtoni[1].However,some records from this period are now considered doubtful,for instance Amblyomma(A.)breviscutatum,A.clypeolatum and A.integrum.The 1929 description of Ornithodoros batuensis by Stanley Hirst[2]marked the first documentation of a soft tick species in Malaysia,setting the stage for subsequent research endeavours.The Golden Age of tick studies(early 1950s-late 1980s)in Malaysia saw a surge in tick research activities.展开更多
Objective:To study the relationship between qi stagnation constitution and suboptimal health status(SHS)or lifestyle.Methods:From 2012 to 2013,we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 24159 Chinese individuals aged 12...Objective:To study the relationship between qi stagnation constitution and suboptimal health status(SHS)or lifestyle.Methods:From 2012 to 2013,we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 24159 Chinese individuals aged 12-80 years.The qi stagnation constitution was assessed using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire.Health status was evaluated through medical records and the Subhealth Measurement Scale V1.0(SHMS V1.0).Health-promoting lifestyles were measured using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ).Results:Of the 24159 participants,16.1%and 15.2%were classified as“always”and“sometimes”having the qi stagnation constitution,respectively.Those classified as“rarely”having the qi stagnation constitution scored higher on both the HPLP-Ⅱ and SHMS V1.0.The participants classified as“always”having the qi stagnation constitution showed a significant association with SHS or disease compared to other imbalanced constitutions.Those in the“always”category were approximately 21 times more likely to be classified as having SHS(odds ratio[OR]:21.17,95%confidence interval[CI]:15.74-28.45),whereas those in the“sometimes”category were approximately six times more likely(OR:5.89,95%CI:5.04-6.90).Accordingly,the qi stagnation constitution score was significantly associated with the diagnosis of SHS,with an area under the curve of 0.77(P<.001).A score of 18.75 yielded the highest Youden Index(0.407),with a sensitivity of 60.5%and a specificity of 80.3%.Significant associations were observed between health-promoting lifestyles and qi stagnation constitution severity in an ordinal regression analysis(P<.001).Protective factors included stress management(OR:1.59),self-actualization(OR:1.57),and exercise(OR:1.36).In contrast,poorer interpersonal relationships(OR:0.79),greater health responsibilities(OR:0.86),and poorer nutrition(OR:0.91)were associated with increased severity.Conclusion:Modulating the qi stagnation constitution through lifestyle interventions may help prevent the progression of SHS to disease,which aligns with core preventive principles in traditional Chinese medicine.展开更多
[Objectives]To observe the clinical effect of Tiaoqi Dingxian prescription combined with western medicine on epilepsy of qi constraint and phlegm stagnation type.[Methods]A total of 60 cases of patients of epilepsy of...[Objectives]To observe the clinical effect of Tiaoqi Dingxian prescription combined with western medicine on epilepsy of qi constraint and phlegm stagnation type.[Methods]A total of 60 cases of patients of epilepsy of qi constraint and phlegm stagnation type admitted to Maoming Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from June 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group using a random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.The control group was treated with levetiracetam,while the observation group was treated with Tiaoqi Dingxian prescription on the basis of the control group.Both groups were treated for 3 months,and the clinical efficacy,frequency and duration of epilepsy onset,improvement of electroencephalogram(EEG),Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory(QOLIE-31)scores,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,and incidence of adverse reactions were evaluated in both groups.[Results]The total effective rate in the observation group was 93.33%(28/30),compared to 73.33%(22/30)in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Following treatment,the frequency and duration of epilepsy onset in both groups were decreased when compared to the pre-treatment period(P<0.05),and the frequency and duration of epilepsy onset in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Following treatment,the EEG grading of both groups was improved when compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and the EEG grading in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Following treatment,the QOLIE-31 scores in both groups,including epilepsy-related concerns,overall health,emotional health,energy,cognitive function,drug effects,and social function,were increased when compared to the scores recorded prior to treatment(P<0.05),and all scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Following treatment,the TCM syndrome scores in both groups were decreased when compared to those prior to treatment(P<0.05),and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was observed to be 6.67%(2/30)in the observation group and 13.33%(4/30)in the control group,with no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).[Conclusions]The combination of Tiaoqi Dingxian prescription and levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy of qi constraint and phlegm stagnation type can improve clinical efficacy,alleviate patient s symptoms and quality of life,and has good safety.展开更多
Differential evolution(DE)algorithms are simple and efficient evolutionary algorithms that performwell in various optimization problems.Unfortunately,they inevitably stagnate when differential evolutionary algorithms ...Differential evolution(DE)algorithms are simple and efficient evolutionary algorithms that performwell in various optimization problems.Unfortunately,they inevitably stagnate when differential evolutionary algorithms are used to solve complex problems(e.g.,real-world artificial neural network(ANN)training problems).To resolve this issue,this paper proposes a framework based on an efficient elite centroid operator.It continuously monitors the current state of the population.Once stagnation is detected,two dedicated operators,centroid-based mutation(CM)and centroid-based crossover(CX),are executed to replace the classical mutation and binomial crossover operations in DE.CM and CX are centred on the elite centroid composed of multiple elite individuals,constituting a framework consisting of elitism centroid-based operations(CMX)to improve the performance of the individuals who fall into stagnation.In CM,elite centroid provide evolutionary direction for stagnant individuals,and in CX,elite plasmoids address the limitation that stagnant individuals can only obtain limited information about the population.The CMX framework is simple enough to easily incorporate into both classically well-known DEs with constant population sizes and state-of-the-art DEs with varying populations.Numerical experiments on benchmark functions show that the proposed CMX method can significantly enhance the classical DE algorithm and its advanced variants in solving the stagnation problem and improving performance.展开更多
Objective To observe the effect of instant moxibustion on the levels of prostaglandin E_2（PGE_2）,prostaglandin F2α（PGE_（2α）） and arginine vasopressin（AVP） in the uterine tissues of dismenorrhea rats with col...Objective To observe the effect of instant moxibustion on the levels of prostaglandin E_2（PGE_2）,prostaglandin F2α（PGE_（2α）） and arginine vasopressin（AVP） in the uterine tissues of dismenorrhea rats with cold-damp congealing and stagnation type and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,herble medicine group,pre-moxibustion group and instant moxibustion group,with 9 rats in each group.Cold-damp congealing and stagnation type primary dismenorrhea models were established by adopting（0±1）℃ ice waterextraction method combined with estradiol benzoate injection method.After modeling on the 8th day,in herble medicine group,Tongjingbao granules was given to the rats by intragastric administration.In pre-moxibustion group,mild moxibustion was carried out at ＂Shénquè＂（神阙 CV 8） and ＂Guānyuán＂（关元 CV 4） of the rats for 10 min at each acupoint.In instant moxibustion group,moxibustion as that in pre-moxibustion group was conducted for once after injection with oxytocin on the 11 th day.ELISA was adopted to detect the levels of PGE_2 and PGE_（2α） in the uterine tissues of rats,and radioimmunoassay was used for detection of AVP level in the uterine tissues of rats.Results Compared with the model group,the latent period of rats in herbal medicine group,premoxibustion group and instant moxibustion group obviously prolonged,the number of times of torsion reduced,and the total score of torsion decreased（P0.01）;compared with herbal medicine group,the latent period of rats in instant moxibustion group obviously prolonged,and the total score of torsion decreased（P0.05 or P0.01）;compared with pre-moxibustion group,the number of times of torsion of rats in instant moxibustion group reduced,and the total score of torsion decreased（P0.01）.Compared with blank group,the levels of PGE_（2α） and AVP and the ratio of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2 in the uterine tissues of rats in model group significantly increased（P0.01）,and the PGE_2 level significantly reduced（P0.01）;compared with model group,the PGE_（2α） level and the ratio of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2 in the uterine tissues of rats in herble medicine group,pre-moxibustion group and instant moxibustion group obviously reduced（P0.05 or P0.01）,the PGE_2 level obviously increased（P0.01）,and the AVP level in the uterine tissues of rats in pre-moxibustion group and instant moxibustion group obviously reduced（P0.05 or P0.01）;compared with herbal medicine group,the levels of PGE_（2α） and AVP and the ratio of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2 in the uterine tissues of rats in instant moxibustion group significantly reduced（P0.05 or P0.01）;compared with pre-moxibustion group,the PGE_（2α） level and the ratio of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2 in the uterine tissues of rats in instant moxibustion group obviously reduced（P0.05）,and the PGE_2 level obviously increased（P0.01）.Conclusion Both pre-moxibustion and instant moxibustion can obviously inhibit spasmodic uterine smooth muscle contraction of rats with dismenorrhea,regulate imbalanced levels of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2,reduce the AVP level,so as to improve the uterine hypoxia-ischemia,and play a role in alleviating pain.The efficacy of instant moxibustion was superior to that of pre-moxibustion.展开更多
Objective:To Discuss the correlation between Hypersensitivity C-reactive Protein(Hs-CRP),Total Cholesterol(TC),Triglyceride(TG),negative emotion scale and TCM syndrome scores in“Double Heart Disease”patients with Qi...Objective:To Discuss the correlation between Hypersensitivity C-reactive Protein(Hs-CRP),Total Cholesterol(TC),Triglyceride(TG),negative emotion scale and TCM syndrome scores in“Double Heart Disease”patients with Qi stagnation blood stasis and heart gallbladder heat stagnation.Method:Fifty-two patients in Western Medicine Diagnosis of Double Heart Disease,in TCM syndrome identified as Qi stagnation blood stasis Heart gallbladder heat stagnation syndrome,detects it Hs-CRP,TC,TG levels by ELISA,use TCM Syndromes Scale to evaluate TCM Syndrome,use the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and Self-rating symptom scale(SCL-90)to assess anxiety and sleep levels,analyze the correlation between TCM syndrome scores and Hs-CRP,TC,TG level,PSQI index,SCL-90 index.Result:There was a significant positive correlation between Hs-CRP,TG level and TCM Syndrome scores(P<0.05);TC level was postively correlated with TCM Syndrome scores,but there was no statistical significance(P>0.05);There was a significant positive correlation between PSQI index,SCL-90 index and TCM Syndrome scores(P<0.05).Conclusion:In“Double Heart Disease”patients with Qi stagnation blood stasis and heart gallbladder heat stagnation,there have characteristic syndrome changes in terms of inflammatory factor level,blood lipid level and negative emotion score;Which the above indexes can reflect the severity of TCM syndromes to a certain extent and provide the basis for the effective intervention treatment of TCM.展开更多
When perforating with an abrasive water jet, it is possible that the pressure in the hole （perforation） will be higher than that in the annulus because of water jet blasting against the hole wall, which also is the ...When perforating with an abrasive water jet, it is possible that the pressure in the hole （perforation） will be higher than that in the annulus because of water jet blasting against the hole wall, which also is the theoretical basis for the technology of hydro-jet fracturing. This paper analyzes the mechanism of generating pressure stagnation in water jet hole, and puts forward a new concept of hydroseal. Then, the distribution of pressure in the hole was simulated with the finite element method. The simulation results showed that the pressure in the hole was higher than that in the annulus. Also, the lower the annular pressure （confining pressure） and the higher the blasting pressure, the greater the pressure difference. An experiment indicated that the cement sample was lifted up under the pressure stagnation in the hole, which proved the finite element simulation results obviously.展开更多
This paper concerns the characteristics of heat and mass transfer in upper convected Maxwell fluid flow over a linear stretching sheet with solar radiation,viscous desperation and temperature based viscosity.After bou...This paper concerns the characteristics of heat and mass transfer in upper convected Maxwell fluid flow over a linear stretching sheet with solar radiation,viscous desperation and temperature based viscosity.After boundary layer approximation,the governing equations are achieved(namely Maxwell,upper convected material derivative,thermal and concentration diffusions).By using the self-similarity transformations the governing PDEs are converted into nonlinear ODEs and solved by RK-4 method in combination with Newton Raphson(shooting technique).The effects of developed parameters on velocity,temperature,concentration,fraction factor,heat and mass diffusions are exemplified through graphs and tabular form and are deliberated in detail.Numerical values of fraction factor,heat and mass transfer rates with several parameters are computed and examined.It is noticed that the temperature is more impactable for higher values of radiative heat transport,thermal conductivity and viscous dissipation.The comparison data for some limiting case are acquired and are originated to be in good agreement with previously published articles.展开更多
Objective： To observe the effect of thermosensitive moxibustion on anxiety and depression in the patients of insomnia differentiated as liver qi stagnation.Methods： From January 2015 to January 2017, 60 patients of ...Objective： To observe the effect of thermosensitive moxibustion on anxiety and depression in the patients of insomnia differentiated as liver qi stagnation.Methods： From January 2015 to January 2017, 60 patients of insomnia differentiated as liver qi stagnation were collected in Shijiazhuang Municipal Chinese Medicine Hospital. According to the random number table, the patients were randomized into a moxibustion group（30 cases） and an estazolam group（30 cases）. In the moxibustion group, the thermosensitive moxibustion was adopted alternatively to the bilateral yuan-source points of the liver and gallbladder meridians. In the estazolam group, estazolam, 1 mg was prescribed for oral administration before sleep every day. After 15-day treatments, the sleep quality, the severity of anxiety and depression and the therapeutic effects were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.Results： Before treatment, the differences were not significant in the scores of Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI）, the self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） and the self-rating depression scale（SDS） between the two groups（all P〉0.05）. After treatment, the scores of PSQJ, SAS and SDS were all reduced remarkably as compared with those before treatment in the two groups（all P〈0.05）. PSQI score was（6.72 ±2.311）points in the moxibustion group and was（5.37 ±2.621） points in the estazolam group. SAS score was（31.76 ± 6.511） points in the moxibustion group and was（39.62 ± 4.371） points in the estazolam group.SDS score was（35.98 ±5.161） points in the moxibustion group and was（46.38 ±4.971） points in the estazolam group. After treatment, the scores of PSQI, SAS and SDS in the moxibustion group were reduced more remarkably as compared with the estazolam group, indicating the significant differences（all P 〈0.05）. After treatment, the scores of sleep efficacy and TCM symptoms were（72.65 ± 14.36） points and（69.36 ±4.28） points respectively in the moxibustion group, better than the estazolam group, indicating the significant differences（all P〈0.05）.Conclusion： The thermosensitive moxibustion at the yuan-source points of the liver and gallbladder meridians significantly improves the sleep quality, relieves the symptoms of anxiety and depression and enhances the therapeutic effects in the patients of insomnia differentiated as liver qi stagnation. Hence,this therapy deserves to be recommended in clinical practice.展开更多
Objective： To observe the differences in analgesic effect of moxibustion at different intervention times on dysmenorrhea rats and explore its effect mechanism.Methods： Forty-five female Wistar rats were randomly div...Objective： To observe the differences in analgesic effect of moxibustion at different intervention times on dysmenorrhea rats and explore its effect mechanism.Methods： Forty-five female Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank control group（group A）, model group（group B）, pre-moxibustion group（group C）, instant moxibustion group（group D） and pre-instant moxibustion group（group E）,with 9 rats in each group. Cold-damp coagulation and stagnation type dysmenorrhea models were established. In group C,mild moxibustion on ＂Shenque（神阙 CV 8） ＂ and＂Guanyuan（关元 CV 4）＂ was carried out from the time after modeling on the 8 th day for 3 consecutive days. In group D, mild moxibustion was given as the same methods with group C after injection with oxytocin on the 11 th day. In group E, mild moxibustion was given as the same methods from the time after modeling on the 8 th day to that after injection with oxytocin on the 11 th day for 4 consecutive days. The writhing behavior and the changes in levels of ET-1 and NO in uterine tissues of rats with dysmenorrhea in each group were observed.Results： Comparison of the latent period： compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） min in group B,the latent period of rats in group C（9.67 ± 1.32） min,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） min and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） min obviously prolonged（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C, the latent period of group E obviously prolonged（p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the latent period of group E obviously prolonged（p 0.01）.Comparison of the writhing times： compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） in group B,the writhing times of rats in group C（9.67 ± 1.32）,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） reduced（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the writhing times of rats in group D and group E reduced（both p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the writhing times in group E reduced（p 0.05）. Comparison of the total writhing score：compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） in group B,the total writhing score of rats in group C（9.67±1.32）,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） decreased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the total writhing score of rats in group D and group E decreased（both p 0.01）. Compared with group D,the total writhing score of rats in group E decreased（p 0.05）. Comparison of ET-1 level： compared with（4.80 ± 0.47） in group A,the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group B（7.57±0.69） significantly increased（P 0.01）. Compared with group B, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group C（6.20 ±0.50）,group D（5.67 ±0.29） and group E（5.16±0.33） obviously decreased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group D and group E obviously decreased（p 0.05, p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group Eobviously decreased（p 0.05）. Comparison of NO level： compared with（6.63±1.83） in group A, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group B（1.62 ±0.58） significantly decreased（p 0.01）. Compared with group B, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group C（3.60±0.59）,group D（4.77 ±0.67） and group E（5.99±0.63） obviously increased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group Dand group E obviously increased（p 0.05, p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group E obviously increased（p 0.01）.Conclusion： The analgesic effect of mild moxibustion at different intervention times on cold-damp coagulation and stagnation type dysmenorrhea rats was different, which was the most significant in pre-instant moxibustion group. One of the mechanisms of action may be related with the adjustment of abnormal levels of ET-1 and NO.展开更多
Objective： To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of Safflower Yellow injection （SYI） in treating coronary heart disease angina pectoris （OHD-AP） with Xin-blood stagnation syndrome （XBSS）. Methods： Adopted...Objective： To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of Safflower Yellow injection （SYI） in treating coronary heart disease angina pectoris （OHD-AP） with Xin-blood stagnation syndrome （XBSS）. Methods： Adopted was the multi-centered, randomized, positive parallel controlled method, 448 patients with CHD-AP-XBSS were enrolled and divided into two groups, 336 in the tested group treated with SYI and 112 in the control group treated with Salvia injection by intravenous dripping once a day for 14 days, so as to observe the conditions of angina, electrocardiogram, and therapeutic effect on traditinal Chinese medicine （TCM） symptoms as well as the safety of the treatment. Results： The significantly effective rate and total effective rate in the tested group were 60.06% （194/323） and 91.02 % （294/323） respectively; those in improvement of TOM symptoms were 40. 18% （129/321） and 75.23% （243/323） respectively, which were better than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： SYI Injection is effective and safe in treating OHD-AP-XBSS.展开更多
The self-excited DC air circuit breaker(SE-DCCB)has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its excellent stability.It can realize forward and reverse interruption,but has difficulty interrupting small currents ...The self-excited DC air circuit breaker(SE-DCCB)has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its excellent stability.It can realize forward and reverse interruption,but has difficulty interrupting small currents due to the phenomenon of arc root sticking at the entrance of the arc chamber in the splitting process,which is known as arc root stagnation.A coupling model of the self-excited magnetic field and magnetohydrodynamics is established for the SE-DCCB with the traditional structure.The magnetic field,temperature and airflow distribution in the arc chamber are investigated with an interrupting current of 150 A.The simulation results show that the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force are the dominant factors in the arc root stagnation.The local high temperature of the arc chamber due to arc root stagnation increases the obstruction effect of the airflow vortex on the arc root movement,which significantly increases the arc duration time of small current interruption.Based on the research,the structure of the magnetic conductance plate of the actual product is improved,which can improve the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force at the arc root so as to restrain the development of the airflow vortex effectively and solve the problem of arc root stagnation when the small current is interrupted.The simulation results show that the circuit breaker with improved structure has a better performance for a small current interruption range from 100 A to 350 A.展开更多
The wavelet approach is introduced to study the influence of the natural convection stagnation point flow of the Williamson fluid in the presence of thermophysical and Brownian motion effects. The thermal radiation ef...The wavelet approach is introduced to study the influence of the natural convection stagnation point flow of the Williamson fluid in the presence of thermophysical and Brownian motion effects. The thermal radiation effects are considered along a permeable stretching surface. The nonlinear problem is simulated numerically by using a novel algorithm based upon the Chebyshev wavelets. It is noticed that the velocity of the Williamson fluid increases for assisting flow cases while decreases for opposing flow cases when the unsteadiness and suction parameters increase, and the magnetic effect on the velocity increases for opposing flow cases while decreases for assisting flow cases. When the thermal radiation parameter, the Dufour number, and Williamson’s fluid parameter increase, the temperature increases for both assisting and opposing flow cases. Meanwhile, the temperature decreases when the Prandtl number increases. The concentration decreases when the Soret parameter increases, while increases when the Schmidt number increases. It is perceived that the assisting force decreases more than the opposing force. The findings endorse the credibility of the proposed algorithm, and could be extended to other nonlinear problems with complex nature.展开更多
An analytical solution of the governing equations of the interacting shear flows for unsteady oblique stagnation point flow is obtained. It has the same form as that of the exact solution obtained from the complete NS...An analytical solution of the governing equations of the interacting shear flows for unsteady oblique stagnation point flow is obtained. It has the same form as that of the exact solution obtained from the complete NS equations and physical analysis and relevant discussions are then presented.展开更多
The present article deals with thermally stratified stagnation-point flow saturated in porous medium on surface of variable thickness along with more convincing and reliable surface condition termed as melting heat tr...The present article deals with thermally stratified stagnation-point flow saturated in porous medium on surface of variable thickness along with more convincing and reliable surface condition termed as melting heat transfer.Homogeneous–heterogeneous reaction and radiative effects have been further taken into account to reconnoiterproperties of heat transfer.Melting heat transfer and phenomenon of homogeneous–heterogeneous reaction have engrossed widespread utilization in purification of metals,welding process,electroslag melting,biochemical systems,catalysis and several industrial developments.Suitable transformations are utilized to attain a scheme of ordinary differential equations possessing exceedingly nonlinear nature.Homotopic process is employed to develop convergent solutions of the resulting problem.Discussion regarding velocity,thermal field and concentration distribution for several involved parameters is pivotal part.Graphical behaviors of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are also portrayed.Concentration of the reactants is found to depreciate as a result of strength of both heterogeneous and homogeneous reaction parameters.With existence of melting phenomenon,declining attitude of fluid temperature is observed for higher radiation parameter.展开更多
The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on steady magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） heat and mass transfer flow of viscous and incompressible fluid near a stagnation point towards a permeable stretching she...The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on steady magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） heat and mass transfer flow of viscous and incompressible fluid near a stagnation point towards a permeable stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium are presented,taking into account thermal radiation and internal heat genberation/absorbtion.The stretching velocity and the ambient fluid velocity are assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the stagnation point.The Rosseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation.The governing fundamental equations are first transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using a scaling group of transformations and are solved numerically by using the fourth-order Rung-Kutta method with the shooting technique.A comparison with previously published work has been carried out and the results are found to be in good agreement.The results are analyzed for the effect of different physical parameters,such as the variable viscosity and thermal conductivity,the ratio of free stream velocity to stretching velocity,the magnetic field,the porosity,the radiation and suction/injection on the flow,and the heat and mass transfer characteristics.The results indicate that the inclusion of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity into the fluids of light and medium molecular weight is able to change the boundary-layer behavior for all values of the velocity ratio parameter λ except for λ = 1.In addition,the imposition of fluid suction increases both the rate of heat and mass transfer,whereas fluid injection shows the opposite effect.展开更多
In this research,the three-dimensional(3D)steady and incompressible laminar Homann stagnation point nanofluid flow over a porous moving surface is addressed.The disturbance in the porous medium has been characterized ...In this research,the three-dimensional(3D)steady and incompressible laminar Homann stagnation point nanofluid flow over a porous moving surface is addressed.The disturbance in the porous medium has been characterized by the Darcy-Forchheimer relation.The slip for viscous fluid is considered.The energy equation is organized in view of radiative heat flux which plays an important role in the heat transfer rate.The governing flow expressions are first altered into first-order ordinary ones and then solved numerically by the shooting method.Dual solutions are obtained for the velocity,skin friction coefficient,temperature,and Nusselt number subject to sundry flow parameters,magnetic parameter,Darcy-Forchheimer number,thermal radiation parameter,suction parameter,and dimensionless slip parameter.In this research,the main consideration is given to the engineering interest like skin friction coefficient(velocity gradient or surface drag force)and Nusselt number(temperature gradient or heat transfer rate)and discussed numerically through tables.In conclusion,it is noticed from the stability results that the upper branch solution(UBS)is more reliable and physically stable than the lower branch solution(LBS).展开更多
The effect of melting heat transfer on the two dimensional boundary layer flow of a micropolar fluid near a stagnation point embedded in a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation/absorption is invest...The effect of melting heat transfer on the two dimensional boundary layer flow of a micropolar fluid near a stagnation point embedded in a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation/absorption is investigated. The governing non-linear partial differential equations describing the problem are reduced to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. Numerical results for velocity, angular velocity and temperature profiles are shown graphically and discussed for different values of the inverse Darcy number, the heat generation/absorption parameter, and the melting parameter. The effects of the pertinent parameters on the local skin-friction coefficient, the wall couple stress, and the local Nusselt number are tabulated and discussed. The results show that the inverse Darcy number has the effect of enhancing both velocity and temperature and suppressing angular velocity. It is also found that the local skin-friction coefficient decreases, while the local Nusselt number increases as the melting parameter increases.展开更多
AIM To investigate the pathophysiologic basis of syndrome of Liver Qi stagnation and parameters for clinical differentiation. METHODS Plasma L ENK, AVP, ANP and serum gastrin were determined by RIA in 84 patients...AIM To investigate the pathophysiologic basis of syndrome of Liver Qi stagnation and parameters for clinical differentiation. METHODS Plasma L ENK, AVP, ANP and serum gastrin were determined by RIA in 84 patients with neurasthenia, mastodynia, chronic gastritis, and chronic cholecystitis presenting the same syndrome of Liver Qi stagnation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Healthy subjects served as controls in comparison with patients having the same syndrome but with different diseases. RESULTS Among the patients with Liver Qi stagnation, the plasma L ENK, ANP and gastrin levels were 38 83ng/L ± 6 32ng/L , 104 11ng/L ± 29 01ng/L and 32 20ng/L ± 6 68ng/L , being significantly lower than those in the healthy controls ( t =3 34, 6 17, 4 48; P <0 01). The plasma AVP of the patient group ( 52 82ng/L ± 19 09ng/L ) was significantly higher than that of the healthy controls ( t =5 79, P <0 01). The above changes in patients having the same symptom complex but different diseases entities showed no significant differences, P >0 05. CONCLUSION The syndrome of Liver Qi stagnation is closely related to the emotional modulatory abnormality of the brain, with decrease of plasma L ENK, ANP and gastrin, and increase of plasma AVP as the important pathophysiologic basis.展开更多
Combined effects of Soret(thermal-diffusion) and Dufour(diffusion-thermo) in MHD stagnation point flow by a permeable stretching cylinder were studied. Analysis was examined in the presence of heat generation/absorpti...Combined effects of Soret(thermal-diffusion) and Dufour(diffusion-thermo) in MHD stagnation point flow by a permeable stretching cylinder were studied. Analysis was examined in the presence of heat generation/absorption and chemical reaction. The laws of conservation of mass, momentum, energy and concentration are found to lead to the mathematical development of the problem. Suitable transformations were used to convert the nonlinear partial differential equations into the ordinary differential equations. The series solutions of boundary layer equations through momentum, energy and concentration equations were obtained.Convergence of the developed series solutions was discussed via plots and numerical values. The behaviors of different physical parameters on the velocity components, temperature and concentration were obtained. Numerical values of Nusselt number, skin friction and Sherwood number with different parameters were computed and analyzed. It is found that Dufour and Soret numbers result in the enhancement of temperature and concentration distributions, respectively.展开更多
基金supported by the Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE)program(MO002-2019&TIDREC-2023)funded by the Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine,Hamburg,Germany[100-TNCPI/INT 16/6/2(005/2020)].
文摘Tick studies in Malaysia have experienced a dynamic evolution characterized by periods of growth,stagnation,and the potential for revival.Beginning during the colonial era in the early 1900s,tick studies were primarily conducted by European scientists and curators,establishing the foundation for tick taxonomy in the region.Pioneering works by George Henry Falknier Nuttall and Cecil Warburton introduced several new tick species,including Haemaphysalis(H.)calva,H.mjoebergi,H.vidua and H.wellingtoni[1].However,some records from this period are now considered doubtful,for instance Amblyomma(A.)breviscutatum,A.clypeolatum and A.integrum.The 1929 description of Ornithodoros batuensis by Stanley Hirst[2]marked the first documentation of a soft tick species in Malaysia,setting the stage for subsequent research endeavours.The Golden Age of tick studies(early 1950s-late 1980s)in Malaysia saw a surge in tick research activities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2341019)NSFC-Guangdong Joint Fund(U1132001)+9 种基金General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82174243 and 82204948)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2023A1515110757)Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(2024B03J1343)Major Scientific and Technological Project of Guangzhou Municipal Health Commission(20252D003)Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangdong Province(20241208)General project of Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7242227)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(BZY-JMZY-2022-001 and 2023-JYB-JBZD-009)High-level Key Discipline of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Traditional Chinese Constitutional Medicine(zyyzdxk-2023251)Major Science and Technology Special Projects in Hubei Province(2023BCA005)the Chief Scientist Research Project of Hubei Shizhen Laboratory(HSL2024SX0002).
文摘Objective:To study the relationship between qi stagnation constitution and suboptimal health status(SHS)or lifestyle.Methods:From 2012 to 2013,we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 24159 Chinese individuals aged 12-80 years.The qi stagnation constitution was assessed using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire.Health status was evaluated through medical records and the Subhealth Measurement Scale V1.0(SHMS V1.0).Health-promoting lifestyles were measured using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ).Results:Of the 24159 participants,16.1%and 15.2%were classified as“always”and“sometimes”having the qi stagnation constitution,respectively.Those classified as“rarely”having the qi stagnation constitution scored higher on both the HPLP-Ⅱ and SHMS V1.0.The participants classified as“always”having the qi stagnation constitution showed a significant association with SHS or disease compared to other imbalanced constitutions.Those in the“always”category were approximately 21 times more likely to be classified as having SHS(odds ratio[OR]:21.17,95%confidence interval[CI]:15.74-28.45),whereas those in the“sometimes”category were approximately six times more likely(OR:5.89,95%CI:5.04-6.90).Accordingly,the qi stagnation constitution score was significantly associated with the diagnosis of SHS,with an area under the curve of 0.77(P<.001).A score of 18.75 yielded the highest Youden Index(0.407),with a sensitivity of 60.5%and a specificity of 80.3%.Significant associations were observed between health-promoting lifestyles and qi stagnation constitution severity in an ordinal regression analysis(P<.001).Protective factors included stress management(OR:1.59),self-actualization(OR:1.57),and exercise(OR:1.36).In contrast,poorer interpersonal relationships(OR:0.79),greater health responsibilities(OR:0.86),and poorer nutrition(OR:0.91)were associated with increased severity.Conclusion:Modulating the qi stagnation constitution through lifestyle interventions may help prevent the progression of SHS to disease,which aligns with core preventive principles in traditional Chinese medicine.
文摘[Objectives]To observe the clinical effect of Tiaoqi Dingxian prescription combined with western medicine on epilepsy of qi constraint and phlegm stagnation type.[Methods]A total of 60 cases of patients of epilepsy of qi constraint and phlegm stagnation type admitted to Maoming Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from June 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group using a random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.The control group was treated with levetiracetam,while the observation group was treated with Tiaoqi Dingxian prescription on the basis of the control group.Both groups were treated for 3 months,and the clinical efficacy,frequency and duration of epilepsy onset,improvement of electroencephalogram(EEG),Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory(QOLIE-31)scores,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,and incidence of adverse reactions were evaluated in both groups.[Results]The total effective rate in the observation group was 93.33%(28/30),compared to 73.33%(22/30)in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Following treatment,the frequency and duration of epilepsy onset in both groups were decreased when compared to the pre-treatment period(P<0.05),and the frequency and duration of epilepsy onset in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Following treatment,the EEG grading of both groups was improved when compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and the EEG grading in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Following treatment,the QOLIE-31 scores in both groups,including epilepsy-related concerns,overall health,emotional health,energy,cognitive function,drug effects,and social function,were increased when compared to the scores recorded prior to treatment(P<0.05),and all scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Following treatment,the TCM syndrome scores in both groups were decreased when compared to those prior to treatment(P<0.05),and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was observed to be 6.67%(2/30)in the observation group and 13.33%(4/30)in the control group,with no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).[Conclusions]The combination of Tiaoqi Dingxian prescription and levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy of qi constraint and phlegm stagnation type can improve clinical efficacy,alleviate patient s symptoms and quality of life,and has good safety.
基金funded by National Special Project Number for International Cooperation under Grant 2015DFR11050the Applied Science and Technology Research and Development Special Fund Project of Guangdong Province under Grant 2016B010126004.
文摘Differential evolution(DE)algorithms are simple and efficient evolutionary algorithms that performwell in various optimization problems.Unfortunately,they inevitably stagnate when differential evolutionary algorithms are used to solve complex problems(e.g.,real-world artificial neural network(ANN)training problems).To resolve this issue,this paper proposes a framework based on an efficient elite centroid operator.It continuously monitors the current state of the population.Once stagnation is detected,two dedicated operators,centroid-based mutation(CM)and centroid-based crossover(CX),are executed to replace the classical mutation and binomial crossover operations in DE.CM and CX are centred on the elite centroid composed of multiple elite individuals,constituting a framework consisting of elitism centroid-based operations(CMX)to improve the performance of the individuals who fall into stagnation.In CM,elite centroid provide evolutionary direction for stagnant individuals,and in CX,elite plasmoids address the limitation that stagnant individuals can only obtain limited information about the population.The CMX framework is simple enough to easily incorporate into both classically well-known DEs with constant population sizes and state-of-the-art DEs with varying populations.Numerical experiments on benchmark functions show that the proposed CMX method can significantly enhance the classical DE algorithm and its advanced variants in solving the stagnation problem and improving performance.
基金Supported by youth fund project fanded by Hebei Education Department:QN2015027scientific project funded by Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province:2015089
文摘Objective To observe the effect of instant moxibustion on the levels of prostaglandin E_2（PGE_2）,prostaglandin F2α（PGE_（2α）） and arginine vasopressin（AVP） in the uterine tissues of dismenorrhea rats with cold-damp congealing and stagnation type and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,herble medicine group,pre-moxibustion group and instant moxibustion group,with 9 rats in each group.Cold-damp congealing and stagnation type primary dismenorrhea models were established by adopting（0±1）℃ ice waterextraction method combined with estradiol benzoate injection method.After modeling on the 8th day,in herble medicine group,Tongjingbao granules was given to the rats by intragastric administration.In pre-moxibustion group,mild moxibustion was carried out at ＂Shénquè＂（神阙 CV 8） and ＂Guānyuán＂（关元 CV 4） of the rats for 10 min at each acupoint.In instant moxibustion group,moxibustion as that in pre-moxibustion group was conducted for once after injection with oxytocin on the 11 th day.ELISA was adopted to detect the levels of PGE_2 and PGE_（2α） in the uterine tissues of rats,and radioimmunoassay was used for detection of AVP level in the uterine tissues of rats.Results Compared with the model group,the latent period of rats in herbal medicine group,premoxibustion group and instant moxibustion group obviously prolonged,the number of times of torsion reduced,and the total score of torsion decreased（P0.01）;compared with herbal medicine group,the latent period of rats in instant moxibustion group obviously prolonged,and the total score of torsion decreased（P0.05 or P0.01）;compared with pre-moxibustion group,the number of times of torsion of rats in instant moxibustion group reduced,and the total score of torsion decreased（P0.01）.Compared with blank group,the levels of PGE_（2α） and AVP and the ratio of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2 in the uterine tissues of rats in model group significantly increased（P0.01）,and the PGE_2 level significantly reduced（P0.01）;compared with model group,the PGE_（2α） level and the ratio of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2 in the uterine tissues of rats in herble medicine group,pre-moxibustion group and instant moxibustion group obviously reduced（P0.05 or P0.01）,the PGE_2 level obviously increased（P0.01）,and the AVP level in the uterine tissues of rats in pre-moxibustion group and instant moxibustion group obviously reduced（P0.05 or P0.01）;compared with herbal medicine group,the levels of PGE_（2α） and AVP and the ratio of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2 in the uterine tissues of rats in instant moxibustion group significantly reduced（P0.05 or P0.01）;compared with pre-moxibustion group,the PGE_（2α） level and the ratio of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2 in the uterine tissues of rats in instant moxibustion group obviously reduced（P0.05）,and the PGE_2 level obviously increased（P0.01）.Conclusion Both pre-moxibustion and instant moxibustion can obviously inhibit spasmodic uterine smooth muscle contraction of rats with dismenorrhea,regulate imbalanced levels of PGE_（2α） and PGE_2,reduce the AVP level,so as to improve the uterine hypoxia-ischemia,and play a role in alleviating pain.The efficacy of instant moxibustion was superior to that of pre-moxibustion.
基金Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Fundamental Research Fund Project(No.2019-JYB-JS-174)Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission"Capital Characteristic Clinical Application Research"Project(No.Z161100000516136)。
文摘Objective:To Discuss the correlation between Hypersensitivity C-reactive Protein(Hs-CRP),Total Cholesterol(TC),Triglyceride(TG),negative emotion scale and TCM syndrome scores in“Double Heart Disease”patients with Qi stagnation blood stasis and heart gallbladder heat stagnation.Method:Fifty-two patients in Western Medicine Diagnosis of Double Heart Disease,in TCM syndrome identified as Qi stagnation blood stasis Heart gallbladder heat stagnation syndrome,detects it Hs-CRP,TC,TG levels by ELISA,use TCM Syndromes Scale to evaluate TCM Syndrome,use the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and Self-rating symptom scale(SCL-90)to assess anxiety and sleep levels,analyze the correlation between TCM syndrome scores and Hs-CRP,TC,TG level,PSQI index,SCL-90 index.Result:There was a significant positive correlation between Hs-CRP,TG level and TCM Syndrome scores(P<0.05);TC level was postively correlated with TCM Syndrome scores,but there was no statistical significance(P>0.05);There was a significant positive correlation between PSQI index,SCL-90 index and TCM Syndrome scores(P<0.05).Conclusion:In“Double Heart Disease”patients with Qi stagnation blood stasis and heart gallbladder heat stagnation,there have characteristic syndrome changes in terms of inflammatory factor level,blood lipid level and negative emotion score;Which the above indexes can reflect the severity of TCM syndromes to a certain extent and provide the basis for the effective intervention treatment of TCM.
文摘When perforating with an abrasive water jet, it is possible that the pressure in the hole （perforation） will be higher than that in the annulus because of water jet blasting against the hole wall, which also is the theoretical basis for the technology of hydro-jet fracturing. This paper analyzes the mechanism of generating pressure stagnation in water jet hole, and puts forward a new concept of hydroseal. Then, the distribution of pressure in the hole was simulated with the finite element method. The simulation results showed that the pressure in the hole was higher than that in the annulus. Also, the lower the annular pressure （confining pressure） and the higher the blasting pressure, the greater the pressure difference. An experiment indicated that the cement sample was lifted up under the pressure stagnation in the hole, which proved the finite element simulation results obviously.
基金funding this work through research groups program under grant number R.G.P-59/40.
文摘This paper concerns the characteristics of heat and mass transfer in upper convected Maxwell fluid flow over a linear stretching sheet with solar radiation,viscous desperation and temperature based viscosity.After boundary layer approximation,the governing equations are achieved(namely Maxwell,upper convected material derivative,thermal and concentration diffusions).By using the self-similarity transformations the governing PDEs are converted into nonlinear ODEs and solved by RK-4 method in combination with Newton Raphson(shooting technique).The effects of developed parameters on velocity,temperature,concentration,fraction factor,heat and mass diffusions are exemplified through graphs and tabular form and are deliberated in detail.Numerical values of fraction factor,heat and mass transfer rates with several parameters are computed and examined.It is noticed that the temperature is more impactable for higher values of radiative heat transport,thermal conductivity and viscous dissipation.The comparison data for some limiting case are acquired and are originated to be in good agreement with previously published articles.
基金Supported by Funding project of Hebei Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2015190)Funding project of Natural Science Foundation of China(81072883,81173342,81473773)~~
文摘Objective： To observe the effect of thermosensitive moxibustion on anxiety and depression in the patients of insomnia differentiated as liver qi stagnation.Methods： From January 2015 to January 2017, 60 patients of insomnia differentiated as liver qi stagnation were collected in Shijiazhuang Municipal Chinese Medicine Hospital. According to the random number table, the patients were randomized into a moxibustion group（30 cases） and an estazolam group（30 cases）. In the moxibustion group, the thermosensitive moxibustion was adopted alternatively to the bilateral yuan-source points of the liver and gallbladder meridians. In the estazolam group, estazolam, 1 mg was prescribed for oral administration before sleep every day. After 15-day treatments, the sleep quality, the severity of anxiety and depression and the therapeutic effects were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.Results： Before treatment, the differences were not significant in the scores of Pittsburgh sleep quality index（PSQI）, the self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） and the self-rating depression scale（SDS） between the two groups（all P〉0.05）. After treatment, the scores of PSQJ, SAS and SDS were all reduced remarkably as compared with those before treatment in the two groups（all P〈0.05）. PSQI score was（6.72 ±2.311）points in the moxibustion group and was（5.37 ±2.621） points in the estazolam group. SAS score was（31.76 ± 6.511） points in the moxibustion group and was（39.62 ± 4.371） points in the estazolam group.SDS score was（35.98 ±5.161） points in the moxibustion group and was（46.38 ±4.971） points in the estazolam group. After treatment, the scores of PSQI, SAS and SDS in the moxibustion group were reduced more remarkably as compared with the estazolam group, indicating the significant differences（all P 〈0.05）. After treatment, the scores of sleep efficacy and TCM symptoms were（72.65 ± 14.36） points and（69.36 ±4.28） points respectively in the moxibustion group, better than the estazolam group, indicating the significant differences（all P〈0.05）.Conclusion： The thermosensitive moxibustion at the yuan-source points of the liver and gallbladder meridians significantly improves the sleep quality, relieves the symptoms of anxiety and depression and enhances the therapeutic effects in the patients of insomnia differentiated as liver qi stagnation. Hence,this therapy deserves to be recommended in clinical practice.
基金Supported by Youth fund project of Hebei Education Department:QN2015027scientific project supported by Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province:2015089scientific program supported by Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Department:152777143~~
文摘Objective： To observe the differences in analgesic effect of moxibustion at different intervention times on dysmenorrhea rats and explore its effect mechanism.Methods： Forty-five female Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank control group（group A）, model group（group B）, pre-moxibustion group（group C）, instant moxibustion group（group D） and pre-instant moxibustion group（group E）,with 9 rats in each group. Cold-damp coagulation and stagnation type dysmenorrhea models were established. In group C,mild moxibustion on ＂Shenque（神阙 CV 8） ＂ and＂Guanyuan（关元 CV 4）＂ was carried out from the time after modeling on the 8 th day for 3 consecutive days. In group D, mild moxibustion was given as the same methods with group C after injection with oxytocin on the 11 th day. In group E, mild moxibustion was given as the same methods from the time after modeling on the 8 th day to that after injection with oxytocin on the 11 th day for 4 consecutive days. The writhing behavior and the changes in levels of ET-1 and NO in uterine tissues of rats with dysmenorrhea in each group were observed.Results： Comparison of the latent period： compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） min in group B,the latent period of rats in group C（9.67 ± 1.32） min,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） min and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） min obviously prolonged（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C, the latent period of group E obviously prolonged（p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the latent period of group E obviously prolonged（p 0.01）.Comparison of the writhing times： compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） in group B,the writhing times of rats in group C（9.67 ± 1.32）,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） reduced（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the writhing times of rats in group D and group E reduced（both p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the writhing times in group E reduced（p 0.05）. Comparison of the total writhing score：compared with（4.38 ± 1.06） in group B,the total writhing score of rats in group C（9.67±1.32）,group D（11.78 ± 1.30） and group E（15.00 ± 1.22） decreased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the total writhing score of rats in group D and group E decreased（both p 0.01）. Compared with group D,the total writhing score of rats in group E decreased（p 0.05）. Comparison of ET-1 level： compared with（4.80 ± 0.47） in group A,the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group B（7.57±0.69） significantly increased（P 0.01）. Compared with group B, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group C（6.20 ±0.50）,group D（5.67 ±0.29） and group E（5.16±0.33） obviously decreased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group D and group E obviously decreased（p 0.05, p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the ET-1 level in uterine tissues of rats in group Eobviously decreased（p 0.05）. Comparison of NO level： compared with（6.63±1.83） in group A, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group B（1.62 ±0.58） significantly decreased（p 0.01）. Compared with group B, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group C（3.60±0.59）,group D（4.77 ±0.67） and group E（5.99±0.63） obviously increased（all p 0.01）. Compared with group C,the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group Dand group E obviously increased（p 0.05, p 0.01）. Compared with group D, the NO level in uterine tissues of rats in group E obviously increased（p 0.01）.Conclusion： The analgesic effect of mild moxibustion at different intervention times on cold-damp coagulation and stagnation type dysmenorrhea rats was different, which was the most significant in pre-instant moxibustion group. One of the mechanisms of action may be related with the adjustment of abnormal levels of ET-1 and NO.
文摘Objective： To evaluate the clinical effect and safety of Safflower Yellow injection （SYI） in treating coronary heart disease angina pectoris （OHD-AP） with Xin-blood stagnation syndrome （XBSS）. Methods： Adopted was the multi-centered, randomized, positive parallel controlled method, 448 patients with CHD-AP-XBSS were enrolled and divided into two groups, 336 in the tested group treated with SYI and 112 in the control group treated with Salvia injection by intravenous dripping once a day for 14 days, so as to observe the conditions of angina, electrocardiogram, and therapeutic effect on traditinal Chinese medicine （TCM） symptoms as well as the safety of the treatment. Results： The significantly effective rate and total effective rate in the tested group were 60.06% （194/323） and 91.02 % （294/323） respectively; those in improvement of TOM symptoms were 40. 18% （129/321） and 75.23% （243/323） respectively, which were better than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： SYI Injection is effective and safe in treating OHD-AP-XBSS.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51977132)the Key Special Science and Technology Project of Liaoning Province(No.2020JH1/10100012)the General Program of the Education Department of Liaoning Province(No.LJKZ0126).
文摘The self-excited DC air circuit breaker(SE-DCCB)has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its excellent stability.It can realize forward and reverse interruption,but has difficulty interrupting small currents due to the phenomenon of arc root sticking at the entrance of the arc chamber in the splitting process,which is known as arc root stagnation.A coupling model of the self-excited magnetic field and magnetohydrodynamics is established for the SE-DCCB with the traditional structure.The magnetic field,temperature and airflow distribution in the arc chamber are investigated with an interrupting current of 150 A.The simulation results show that the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force are the dominant factors in the arc root stagnation.The local high temperature of the arc chamber due to arc root stagnation increases the obstruction effect of the airflow vortex on the arc root movement,which significantly increases the arc duration time of small current interruption.Based on the research,the structure of the magnetic conductance plate of the actual product is improved,which can improve the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force at the arc root so as to restrain the development of the airflow vortex effectively and solve the problem of arc root stagnation when the small current is interrupted.The simulation results show that the circuit breaker with improved structure has a better performance for a small current interruption range from 100 A to 350 A.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51709191,51706149,and 51606130)the Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety,Ministry of Education of China(No.ARES-2018-10)the State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering of Sichuan University of China(No.Skhl1803)
文摘The wavelet approach is introduced to study the influence of the natural convection stagnation point flow of the Williamson fluid in the presence of thermophysical and Brownian motion effects. The thermal radiation effects are considered along a permeable stretching surface. The nonlinear problem is simulated numerically by using a novel algorithm based upon the Chebyshev wavelets. It is noticed that the velocity of the Williamson fluid increases for assisting flow cases while decreases for opposing flow cases when the unsteadiness and suction parameters increase, and the magnetic effect on the velocity increases for opposing flow cases while decreases for assisting flow cases. When the thermal radiation parameter, the Dufour number, and Williamson’s fluid parameter increase, the temperature increases for both assisting and opposing flow cases. Meanwhile, the temperature decreases when the Prandtl number increases. The concentration decreases when the Soret parameter increases, while increases when the Schmidt number increases. It is perceived that the assisting force decreases more than the opposing force. The findings endorse the credibility of the proposed algorithm, and could be extended to other nonlinear problems with complex nature.
文摘An analytical solution of the governing equations of the interacting shear flows for unsteady oblique stagnation point flow is obtained. It has the same form as that of the exact solution obtained from the complete NS equations and physical analysis and relevant discussions are then presented.
文摘The present article deals with thermally stratified stagnation-point flow saturated in porous medium on surface of variable thickness along with more convincing and reliable surface condition termed as melting heat transfer.Homogeneous–heterogeneous reaction and radiative effects have been further taken into account to reconnoiterproperties of heat transfer.Melting heat transfer and phenomenon of homogeneous–heterogeneous reaction have engrossed widespread utilization in purification of metals,welding process,electroslag melting,biochemical systems,catalysis and several industrial developments.Suitable transformations are utilized to attain a scheme of ordinary differential equations possessing exceedingly nonlinear nature.Homotopic process is employed to develop convergent solutions of the resulting problem.Discussion regarding velocity,thermal field and concentration distribution for several involved parameters is pivotal part.Graphical behaviors of skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are also portrayed.Concentration of the reactants is found to depreciate as a result of strength of both heterogeneous and homogeneous reaction parameters.With existence of melting phenomenon,declining attitude of fluid temperature is observed for higher radiation parameter.
文摘The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on steady magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） heat and mass transfer flow of viscous and incompressible fluid near a stagnation point towards a permeable stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium are presented,taking into account thermal radiation and internal heat genberation/absorbtion.The stretching velocity and the ambient fluid velocity are assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the stagnation point.The Rosseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation.The governing fundamental equations are first transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using a scaling group of transformations and are solved numerically by using the fourth-order Rung-Kutta method with the shooting technique.A comparison with previously published work has been carried out and the results are found to be in good agreement.The results are analyzed for the effect of different physical parameters,such as the variable viscosity and thermal conductivity,the ratio of free stream velocity to stretching velocity,the magnetic field,the porosity,the radiation and suction/injection on the flow,and the heat and mass transfer characteristics.The results indicate that the inclusion of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity into the fluids of light and medium molecular weight is able to change the boundary-layer behavior for all values of the velocity ratio parameter λ except for λ = 1.In addition,the imposition of fluid suction increases both the rate of heat and mass transfer,whereas fluid injection shows the opposite effect.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11971142,11871202,61673169,11701176,11626101,and 11601485)。
文摘In this research,the three-dimensional(3D)steady and incompressible laminar Homann stagnation point nanofluid flow over a porous moving surface is addressed.The disturbance in the porous medium has been characterized by the Darcy-Forchheimer relation.The slip for viscous fluid is considered.The energy equation is organized in view of radiative heat flux which plays an important role in the heat transfer rate.The governing flow expressions are first altered into first-order ordinary ones and then solved numerically by the shooting method.Dual solutions are obtained for the velocity,skin friction coefficient,temperature,and Nusselt number subject to sundry flow parameters,magnetic parameter,Darcy-Forchheimer number,thermal radiation parameter,suction parameter,and dimensionless slip parameter.In this research,the main consideration is given to the engineering interest like skin friction coefficient(velocity gradient or surface drag force)and Nusselt number(temperature gradient or heat transfer rate)and discussed numerically through tables.In conclusion,it is noticed from the stability results that the upper branch solution(UBS)is more reliable and physically stable than the lower branch solution(LBS).
文摘The effect of melting heat transfer on the two dimensional boundary layer flow of a micropolar fluid near a stagnation point embedded in a porous medium in the presence of internal heat generation/absorption is investigated. The governing non-linear partial differential equations describing the problem are reduced to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations solved numerically using the Chebyshev spectral method. Numerical results for velocity, angular velocity and temperature profiles are shown graphically and discussed for different values of the inverse Darcy number, the heat generation/absorption parameter, and the melting parameter. The effects of the pertinent parameters on the local skin-friction coefficient, the wall couple stress, and the local Nusselt number are tabulated and discussed. The results show that the inverse Darcy number has the effect of enhancing both velocity and temperature and suppressing angular velocity. It is also found that the local skin-friction coefficient decreases, while the local Nusselt number increases as the melting parameter increases.
文摘AIM To investigate the pathophysiologic basis of syndrome of Liver Qi stagnation and parameters for clinical differentiation. METHODS Plasma L ENK, AVP, ANP and serum gastrin were determined by RIA in 84 patients with neurasthenia, mastodynia, chronic gastritis, and chronic cholecystitis presenting the same syndrome of Liver Qi stagnation in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Healthy subjects served as controls in comparison with patients having the same syndrome but with different diseases. RESULTS Among the patients with Liver Qi stagnation, the plasma L ENK, ANP and gastrin levels were 38 83ng/L ± 6 32ng/L , 104 11ng/L ± 29 01ng/L and 32 20ng/L ± 6 68ng/L , being significantly lower than those in the healthy controls ( t =3 34, 6 17, 4 48; P <0 01). The plasma AVP of the patient group ( 52 82ng/L ± 19 09ng/L ) was significantly higher than that of the healthy controls ( t =5 79, P <0 01). The above changes in patients having the same symptom complex but different diseases entities showed no significant differences, P >0 05. CONCLUSION The syndrome of Liver Qi stagnation is closely related to the emotional modulatory abnormality of the brain, with decrease of plasma L ENK, ANP and gastrin, and increase of plasma AVP as the important pathophysiologic basis.
文摘Combined effects of Soret(thermal-diffusion) and Dufour(diffusion-thermo) in MHD stagnation point flow by a permeable stretching cylinder were studied. Analysis was examined in the presence of heat generation/absorption and chemical reaction. The laws of conservation of mass, momentum, energy and concentration are found to lead to the mathematical development of the problem. Suitable transformations were used to convert the nonlinear partial differential equations into the ordinary differential equations. The series solutions of boundary layer equations through momentum, energy and concentration equations were obtained.Convergence of the developed series solutions was discussed via plots and numerical values. The behaviors of different physical parameters on the velocity components, temperature and concentration were obtained. Numerical values of Nusselt number, skin friction and Sherwood number with different parameters were computed and analyzed. It is found that Dufour and Soret numbers result in the enhancement of temperature and concentration distributions, respectively.
