·AIM:To evaluate the effect of 0.05%atropine on the control of myopia for 2y(phase I)and on spherical equivalent refraction(SER)progression for 1y(phase II)after its withdrawal in Chinese myopic children.·ME...·AIM:To evaluate the effect of 0.05%atropine on the control of myopia for 2y(phase I)and on spherical equivalent refraction(SER)progression for 1y(phase II)after its withdrawal in Chinese myopic children.·METHODS:Totally 142 children with myopia were randomly assigned to the 0.05%atropine group or to the placebo group.In phase I,children received 1 treatment for each eye daily.In phase II,the patients received no treatment.Axial length(AL),SER,intraocular pressure(IOP)and atropine-related side effects were assessed at 6 months’intervals.·RESULTS:During phase I,the mean change of SER was-0.46±0.30 D in the atropine group,compared to-1.72±1.12 D in the placebo group(P<0.001).The mean change of AL in the atropine group(0.26±0.30 mm)was significantly shorter than that in the placebo group(0.76±0.62 mm,P=0.002).In addition,in phase II(12mo after the withdrawal of atropine),there was no significant difference in AL change from the atropine group,when compared with that from the placebo group(0.31±0.25 mm vs 0.28±0.26 mm,P>0.05).Furthermore,the change in SER from the atropine group was 0.50±0.41 D,which was significantly lower than 0.72±0.60 D from placebo group,(P<0.05).Finally,there were no statistically significant differences in IOP between the treatment and control groups at any stages(all P>0.05).·CONCLUSION:The use of 0.05%atropine for two consecutive years may effectively control elongation of AL and thus progression of myopia,without significant SER progression 1y after atropine withdrawal.Therefore,treatment with 0.05%atropine daily for 2y is effective and safe.展开更多
Introduction:Myopia prevalence among Chinese children and adolescents remains persistently high,with an alarming trend toward earlier onset.Understanding the correlation between ocular biometric parameters and myopia ...Introduction:Myopia prevalence among Chinese children and adolescents remains persistently high,with an alarming trend toward earlier onset.Understanding the correlation between ocular biometric parameters and myopia development provides essential insights into underlying mechanisms.This study evaluated the associations between axial length(AL),axial length-to-corneal radius ratio(AL/CR),and spherical equivalent refraction(SER)across different age groups to inform early detection strategies and myopia management protocols.Methods:Students aged 5–18 years were recruited from 10 provincial-level administrative divisions across China between November 2020 and July 2024 using hierarchical clustering and probability proportionate to size(PPS)sampling methods.The final analytical sample comprised 60,270 participants.Trained professionals conducted cycloplegic optometry and measured ocular biometric parameters.Data underwent weighted analysis using nonparametric tests and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis to establish predictive thresholds for myopia detection.Results:Overall myopia prevalence reached 29.24%,demonstrating a progressive increase across school grades.Median SER values exhibited increasingly negative trends with advancing educational levels.Correlation analysis revealed that AL/CR demonstrated stronger associations with SER(R=−0.750,P<0.001)compared to AL alone(R=−0.657,P<0.001).ROC analysis confirmed superior predictive accuracy for AL/CR over AL across all age groups,with area under the curve values approaching or exceeding 0.88 among upper-grade students.Conclusions:Both AL/CR and AL serve as effective indicators for identifying children at elevated myopia risk during early childhood.Routine monitoring of AL and AL/CR within school health programs can facilitate early intervention strategies and myopia control measures,particularly in regions with limited access to cycloplegic optometry services.展开更多
Introduction:Premature depletion of hyperopic reserve has been demonstrated to associate with subsequent myopia development.However,the relationship between screen use and insufficient hyperopic reserve(defined as sph...Introduction:Premature depletion of hyperopic reserve has been demonstrated to associate with subsequent myopia development.However,the relationship between screen use and insufficient hyperopic reserve(defined as spherical equivalent refraction below age-specific thresholds)remains unclear,and regional heterogeneity in this association warrants investigation.Methods:This cross-sectional study(2020–2024)included 28,993 children from 9 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs).We assessed associations between screen exposure(time and habits)and hyperopic reserve status.Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted with stratified analyses based on regional gross domestic product(GDP)levels.Results:Among screened children,49.0%exhibited insufficient hyperopic reserve.High screen time[odds ratio(OR)=1.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.14,1.29]and poor screen habits(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.12,1.27)were independently associated with insufficient hyperopic reserve.Low-GDP regions demonstrated significantly higher detection rates among children aged 6–9 years,whereas high-GDP regions showed accelerated increases in detection rates after age 11.Low-GDP regions exhibited heightened risks for both high screen time and poor screen habits,with this association most pronounced among girls in low-GDP areas.Conclusions:Screen exposure associates with insufficient hyperopic reserve,exhibiting notable regional and gender differences.High screen time and poor screen habits represent key risk factors for insufficient hyperopic reserve,particularly among girls residing in low-GDP areas.展开更多
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Young and Middle-aged Academic Technology Leaders and Reserve Talents of Yunnan Province (No.202005AC160021)the Famous Doctor of Yun Ling (No.YNWR-MY-2020-088)。
文摘·AIM:To evaluate the effect of 0.05%atropine on the control of myopia for 2y(phase I)and on spherical equivalent refraction(SER)progression for 1y(phase II)after its withdrawal in Chinese myopic children.·METHODS:Totally 142 children with myopia were randomly assigned to the 0.05%atropine group or to the placebo group.In phase I,children received 1 treatment for each eye daily.In phase II,the patients received no treatment.Axial length(AL),SER,intraocular pressure(IOP)and atropine-related side effects were assessed at 6 months’intervals.·RESULTS:During phase I,the mean change of SER was-0.46±0.30 D in the atropine group,compared to-1.72±1.12 D in the placebo group(P<0.001).The mean change of AL in the atropine group(0.26±0.30 mm)was significantly shorter than that in the placebo group(0.76±0.62 mm,P=0.002).In addition,in phase II(12mo after the withdrawal of atropine),there was no significant difference in AL change from the atropine group,when compared with that from the placebo group(0.31±0.25 mm vs 0.28±0.26 mm,P>0.05).Furthermore,the change in SER from the atropine group was 0.50±0.41 D,which was significantly lower than 0.72±0.60 D from placebo group,(P<0.05).Finally,there were no statistically significant differences in IOP between the treatment and control groups at any stages(all P>0.05).·CONCLUSION:The use of 0.05%atropine for two consecutive years may effectively control elongation of AL and thus progression of myopia,without significant SER progression 1y after atropine withdrawal.Therefore,treatment with 0.05%atropine daily for 2y is effective and safe.
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China,National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2702102)the Beijing Municipal Health Commission High-level Public Health Technical Talent Construction Project(Leading Talent-01-09).
文摘Introduction:Myopia prevalence among Chinese children and adolescents remains persistently high,with an alarming trend toward earlier onset.Understanding the correlation between ocular biometric parameters and myopia development provides essential insights into underlying mechanisms.This study evaluated the associations between axial length(AL),axial length-to-corneal radius ratio(AL/CR),and spherical equivalent refraction(SER)across different age groups to inform early detection strategies and myopia management protocols.Methods:Students aged 5–18 years were recruited from 10 provincial-level administrative divisions across China between November 2020 and July 2024 using hierarchical clustering and probability proportionate to size(PPS)sampling methods.The final analytical sample comprised 60,270 participants.Trained professionals conducted cycloplegic optometry and measured ocular biometric parameters.Data underwent weighted analysis using nonparametric tests and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis to establish predictive thresholds for myopia detection.Results:Overall myopia prevalence reached 29.24%,demonstrating a progressive increase across school grades.Median SER values exhibited increasingly negative trends with advancing educational levels.Correlation analysis revealed that AL/CR demonstrated stronger associations with SER(R=−0.750,P<0.001)compared to AL alone(R=−0.657,P<0.001).ROC analysis confirmed superior predictive accuracy for AL/CR over AL across all age groups,with area under the curve values approaching or exceeding 0.88 among upper-grade students.Conclusions:Both AL/CR and AL serve as effective indicators for identifying children at elevated myopia risk during early childhood.Routine monitoring of AL and AL/CR within school health programs can facilitate early intervention strategies and myopia control measures,particularly in regions with limited access to cycloplegic optometry services.
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China through the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFC2702102)the Beijing Municipal Health Commission High-level Public Health Technical Talent Construction Project(Leading Talent-01-09).
文摘Introduction:Premature depletion of hyperopic reserve has been demonstrated to associate with subsequent myopia development.However,the relationship between screen use and insufficient hyperopic reserve(defined as spherical equivalent refraction below age-specific thresholds)remains unclear,and regional heterogeneity in this association warrants investigation.Methods:This cross-sectional study(2020–2024)included 28,993 children from 9 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs).We assessed associations between screen exposure(time and habits)and hyperopic reserve status.Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted with stratified analyses based on regional gross domestic product(GDP)levels.Results:Among screened children,49.0%exhibited insufficient hyperopic reserve.High screen time[odds ratio(OR)=1.21,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.14,1.29]and poor screen habits(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.12,1.27)were independently associated with insufficient hyperopic reserve.Low-GDP regions demonstrated significantly higher detection rates among children aged 6–9 years,whereas high-GDP regions showed accelerated increases in detection rates after age 11.Low-GDP regions exhibited heightened risks for both high screen time and poor screen habits,with this association most pronounced among girls in low-GDP areas.Conclusions:Screen exposure associates with insufficient hyperopic reserve,exhibiting notable regional and gender differences.High screen time and poor screen habits represent key risk factors for insufficient hyperopic reserve,particularly among girls residing in low-GDP areas.
