Objective: To investigate the specific mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the regulation of human sperm apoptosis, and to provide a new theoretical reference and scientific basis for the diagno...Objective: To investigate the specific mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the regulation of human sperm apoptosis, and to provide a new theoretical reference and scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of asthenospermia and other related conditions. Methods: Semen samples were categorized into the normal group and asthenospermia group based on sperm motility criteria. HIF-1α interfering agent cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and guanylate cyclase activator (Lificiguat, YC-1) were added respectively, with a control group established accordingly. Sperm motility (using anterior viability rate as an index), apoptosis level, ATP level, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were measured. The expression levels of HIF-1α, p-PI3K, and Bcl-2 in the samples were analyzed using Western blotting. Results: Following CoCl2 treatment, there was a significant increase in sperm apoptosis compared to the normal control group (12.51% ± 2.50% VS 11.15% ± 2.42%);additionally, sperm motility (45.34% ± 3.37% VS 51.36% ± 11.68%), ATP production (11.51 ± 2.87 nM/µL VS 14.99 ± 2.83 nM/µL), ROS levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential all decreased significantly (all P α and p-PI3K increased significantly while Bcl-2 expression decreased (all P α in the YC-1 treatment group were decreased, and the expression level of Bcl-2 was increased (all P α can influence human sperm apoptosis and motility through the PI3K signaling pathway.展开更多
Aim: To assess the spatial and temporal expression of germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF) in male mouse germ cells during postnatal development and in sperm before and after capacitation. Methods: The indirect immun-ofluo...Aim: To assess the spatial and temporal expression of germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF) in male mouse germ cells during postnatal development and in sperm before and after capacitation. Methods: The indirect immun-ofluorescence method with anti-GCNF antiserum was used to investigate the GCNF expression in mice at day 8, 10, 14, 17, 20, 28, 35, 70, and 420 after birth and in sperm before and after capacitation. Results: With the proceeding of spermatogenesis, GCNF was first detected in the nuclei of spermatogonia and a few early stage primary sperma-tocytes at day 8, which was increased gradually at day 10 to 14 inclusive. From day 17 to day 20, the GCNF was concentrated in round spermatids, while both spermatogonia and early stage primary spermatocytes became GCNF negative. From day 28 until day 420, strong GCNF expression was shown in round spermatids and pachytene spermatocytes, while spermatogonia, early primary spermatocytes and elongating spermatids were all GCNF negative. In addition, it was also found that GCNF was localized on the acrosomal cap region of spermatozoa and there was a big change in GCNF expression during capacitation, from 98 % GCNF positive before capacitation to about 20 % positive following capacitation. The localization of GCNF in caput and cauda spermatozoa was similar. Conclusion: GCNF may play important roles in spermatogenesis, capacitation and fertilization.展开更多
Since its discovery nearly thirty years ago, platelet-activating factor has emerged as one of the more important lipidmediators known. Platelet-activating factor (PAF; 1-O-alkyl-2-O-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholi...Since its discovery nearly thirty years ago, platelet-activating factor has emerged as one of the more important lipidmediators known. Platelet-activating factor (PAF; 1-O-alkyl-2-O-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine) exists en-dogenously as a mixture of molecular species with structural variants of the alkyl moiety. PAF is a novel potent signal-ing phospholipid that has unique pleiotropic biological properties in addition to platelet activation. PAF also plays a sig-nificant role in reproduction. PAF content in squirrel monkey sperm is significantly higher during the breeding seasonthan the non-breeding season. PAF content in human sperm has a positive correlation with seminal parameters and preg-nancy outcomes. High-fertility boars have significantly more PAF in their sperm than low-fertility boars. The enzymes(lyso-PAF-acetyltransferase and PAF-acetylhydrolase) necessary for PAF activation and deactivation are present insperm. PAF-acetylhydrolase may act as a 'decapacitation factor'. Removal of this enzyme during capacitation maypromote PAF synthesis increasing motility and fertilization. PAF also plays a significant role in the fertilization process,enhancing the fertilization rates of oocytes. Enhanced embryo development has also been reported in oocytes fertilizedwith PAF-treated sperm. PAF antagonists inhibit sperm motility, acrosome reaction, and fertilization, thus suggestingthe presence of receptors for PAF. The PAF-receptor is present on sperm, with altered transcript levels and distributionpatterns on abnormal cells. Whereas the exact mechanism of PAF in sperm function and reproduction is uncertain, itsimportance in normal fertility is substantial. The reproductive significance of PAF activity in sperm and fertility plus therole of PAF in the establishment of pregnancy requires further study.展开更多
The DDK strain （Mus musculus domesticus） of inbred mouse has a unique peculiarity known as DDK syndrome. The DDK females are mostly infertile when crossed with males of other inbred strains, while DDK males exhibit ...The DDK strain （Mus musculus domesticus） of inbred mouse has a unique peculiarity known as DDK syndrome. The DDK females are mostly infertile when crossed with males of other inbred strains, while DDK males exhibit normal fertility in the reciprocal crosses, as intrastrain matings. This DDK syndrome has been demonstrated to be caused by an incompatibility system between DDK ooplasmic factor and the sperm gene of other strains owing to the ovum mutant （Ore） locus on mouse Chromosome 11. Recently, it was reported that DDK females are fully fertile when crossed to males of MOM （M. m. molossinus） and CASP （M. m. castaneus） strains, indicating that no incompatibilities exist between DDK ooplasmic factor and sperm gene of MOM or CASP males. In the present study, DDK females were found to be also fully fertile when crossed to the males of PWK wild-derived inbred strain （originated from Czech Republic wild mice, M. m. musculus）. The crosses of DDK females × F1 （DDK9 × PWK♀） males also resulted in normal fertility. Furthermore, the transmission ratios of Om alleles from these Fl males to their backcross N2 offspring are 50%：50% as genotyped by microsatellite markers closely linked to Om locus. Moreover, it was demonstrated that PWK females are also fully fertile when crossed to DDK males. All above results indicated that no incompatibility exists between ooplasmic factor and sperm gene in the intersubspecific crosses with DDK and PWK strains. PWK strain would also be useful for further investigations on the DDK syndrome, and DDK strain can be used more widely for various studies in the mouse.展开更多
Aim: To study the roles of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) on the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction. Methods: The sperm acrosin activity was tested by the method of BAEE/ ADH Unity and the acrosome rea...Aim: To study the roles of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) on the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction. Methods: The sperm acrosin activity was tested by the method of BAEE/ ADH Unity and the acrosome reaction by the Triple-stain technique. Results: TNF-α decreased the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction (P<0.01; P<0.01, respectively); it also inhibited the Ca2+-ATPase activity and SOD activity in sperm (P< 0.05; P<0.001, respectively), but increased the NOS activity and the amount of NO in sperm (P<0.001; P<0.001, respectively). While it had a less significant effect on the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase (P>0.05). Conclusion: TNF-α inhibits the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction.展开更多
This study compared the potential of assessing sperm DNA fragmentation （SDF） from neat semen and the subsequent swim-up （SU） procedure to predict pregnancy when conducting ICSI of fertile donor oocytes. Infertile ...This study compared the potential of assessing sperm DNA fragmentation （SDF） from neat semen and the subsequent swim-up （SU） procedure to predict pregnancy when conducting ICSI of fertile donor oocytes. Infertile females （n=81） were transferred embryos resulting from intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） of their partner＇s spermatozoa and proven donor oocytes. This model normalized the impact of female factor in putative sperm DNA repair. Semen was blindly assessed for SDF using Halosperm immediately following ejaculation （NS） and after swim-up at the time of ICSI fertilisation. There was a decrease in SDF values of the ejaculated semen sample following the swim-up protocol （P=0.000）. Interestingly, pregnancy could be equally predicted from SDF values derived from either neat or swim-up semen samples. Receiver operator curves and the derived Youden＇s indices determined SDF cutoff values for NS and SU of 24.8% and 17.5%, respectively. Prediction of pregnancy from NS SDF had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 69%, whereas for SU SDF was 78% and 73%, respectively. While increased levels of SDF negatively impact reproductive outcome, we have shown that a reduction in SDF following sperm selection using ICSI with proven donor oocytes is not mandatory for achieving pregnancy. This suggests that a certain level of DNA damage that is not detectable using current technologies could be impacting on the relative success of assisted reproductive technology （ART） procedures. Consequently, we propose a modification of the so called ＇iceberg model＇ as a possible rationale for understanding the role of SDF in reproductive outcome.展开更多
A wide variety of techniques for the preparation of sperm are currently available, of which the most commonly employed are densitygradient centrifugation （DGC） and swim-up （SUP）. To date, these methods appear to b...A wide variety of techniques for the preparation of sperm are currently available, of which the most commonly employed are densitygradient centrifugation （DGC） and swim-up （SUP）. To date, these methods appear to be effective in selecting functional sperm for assisted reproduction techniques （ART）, but they may have negative effects on sperm DNA. In this study, the ability of these semen processing techniques to eliminate spermatozoa containing single- and double-strand DNA damage was assessed by the two-tailed comet assay and the sperm chromatin dispersion test in 157 semen samples from patients seeking assisted reproduction treatment. Our results indicated that SUP and DGC are equally efficient in eliminating spermatozoa containing double-strand DNA damage and sperm with highly damaged （degraded） DNA, as characterized by the presence of both single- and double-strand DNA breaks. However, DGC is more efficient than SUP in selecting spermatozoa that are free from single-strand DNA damage. Future studies should characterise the importance of the various types of DNA damage and examine the sperm processing protocols used in each laboratory to determine their ability to eliminate DNA damage and hence, prevent the potential transmission of genetic mutations via ART.展开更多
<abstract>Aim: To evaluate the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in the management of cases with a history of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. Methods: Two groups of patients, 1...<abstract>Aim: To evaluate the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in the management of cases with a history of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. Methods: Two groups of patients, 19 with normal semen parameters and a history of IVF failure (metaphase Ⅱ oocytes: 0~30 %) and 28 with severe male factor infertility received ICSI technology during the same period. Ovarian stimulation was achieved by conventional procedure. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte collection was done 35~37 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) injection. Only metaphase Ⅱ oocytes were selected for microinjection. Results: Fertilization was achieved with ICSI in all the patients. The fertilization rate (75.6 %±21.1 % vs. 73.9 %±19.2 %), cleavage rate (85.1 %±19.3 % vs. 82.7 %±22.1 %), clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer cycle (31.6 % vs. 28.6 %) and implantation rate per embryo (15.3 % vs. 14.4 %) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: ICSI is a valuable method for couples with a history of IVF failure. These patients may have a similar ICSI result as in severe male infertility.展开更多
It is possible and clinically relevant to distinguish between slow and rapid progressive spermatozoa in basic semen analysis. This is discussed in light of the different purposes of semen analysis for the subfertile c...It is possible and clinically relevant to distinguish between slow and rapid progressive spermatozoa in basic semen analysis. This is discussed in light of the different purposes of semen analysis for the subfertile couple and the male patient. The two groups of progressive spermatozoa should be distinguished to help ensure that pertinent information available in the semen sample is not neglected.展开更多
This review described origination, biosynthesis and functions of platelet-activating factor （PAF） in the reproductive system of mammals and human beings. The article mainly focused on biological roles of the phospho...This review described origination, biosynthesis and functions of platelet-activating factor （PAF） in the reproductive system of mammals and human beings. The article mainly focused on biological roles of the phospholipid mediator in sperm fertilization and embryonic implantation. As an autocrine product of sperm and embryos, PAF markedly stimulates sperm motility and fertilization and serves as a capacitation factor in a ligand-receptor manner, After fertilization, embryo-derived PAF improves its own development, especially from fertilized ova to blastocyst stage and is thought to act as an embryo growth factor in the same manner as on sperm. Its mechanism of action was also clarified. At the end, it was presented some advances in its clinical application, followed by discussion of some issues possibly concerning in its current application.展开更多
Sperm of poor quality may affect syngamy after fertilization, embryo development up to the blastocyst stage and reproductive outcome. Subsequently, sperm selection based on morphological characteristics and sperm DNA ...Sperm of poor quality may affect syngamy after fertilization, embryo development up to the blastocyst stage and reproductive outcome. Subsequently, sperm selection based on morphological characteristics and sperm DNA quality may help to partially avoid these problems. Today, highly efficient sperm selection based on morphological characteristics can be attained using the motile sperm organelle morphology (MSOME) examination, and the spermatozoa selected can be used for ICSI through a fertilization strategy known as intra-cytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI). The aim of this investigation was to develop a simple methodology to assess sperm DNA fragmentation in single spermatozoa following MSOME/ IMSI, to test the hypothesis that morphologically normal spermatozoa, with an absence of vacuolization, is free of DNA damage. The results indicated that MSOME/IMSI-selected sperm, combined with the Sperm Chromatin Dispersion test (SCD;Oligo-Halosperm), can be reliably used to assess sperm DNA damage in selected single spermatozoa (75% average efficiency), thereby establishing a direct relationship between a good morphological pattern on the sperm and a good DNA quality. Furthermore, results showed spermatozoa presenting a normal morphology and no traces of vacuolization to be fully free of DNA damage. However, traces of vacuolization and more severe morphological alterations were accompanied by significant increases in the proportion of sperm containing a damaged DNA molecule. Interestingly, subtle morphological differences observed between normal and non-vacuolated and normal but vacuolated sperm exhibited significant differrences in the ability of the SCD-Oligo-Halosperm treated sperm to expand DNA fibers following protein depletion.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">To explore the differences of male semen parameters in different seasons of the year, so as to explore the potential climatic factors affecting spermatogenesis and ma...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">To explore the differences of male semen parameters in different seasons of the year, so as to explore the potential climatic factors affecting spermatogenesis and male reproductive ability</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> we retrospectively analyzed 21,715 semen analysis data from January 2018 to February 2021, grouped by year and season, and finally the relationships among semen parameters and semen and meteorological parameters were compared. Environmental exposures prior to 3 months were analyzed and correlation analysis was performed.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The semen concentration decreased year by year (p < 0.01). However, the Progressive motility (PR) and total PR number had been increased (p < 0.01). There were statistical differences in sperm parameters which include semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm number, progressive motility (PR), total PR number and total motility in different seasons, winter and spring were better than summer and autumn (p < 0.01). Total sperm number and sperm concentration were positively correlated with PR (R = 0.420, R = 0.440, p < 0.01). There was no correlation between daylight duration and semen parameters. Sperm parameters were positively or negatively correlated with environmental temperature, air pressure or humidity which had an overall effect on semen quality. It is suggested that seasonal factors should be considered when evaluating male reproductive ability. Besides referring to conventional semen parameters, other factors such as season and climate should also be considered.</span></span>展开更多
目的:男性生育力下降与各种因素密切相关,考虑到试管助孕的高成本及治疗失败的负面影响,研究不育男性辅助生殖助孕结局的相关因素是十分必要的。本研究探讨接受辅助生殖治疗不育男性助孕结局的相关危险因素,并进一步建立男性不育患者辅...目的:男性生育力下降与各种因素密切相关,考虑到试管助孕的高成本及治疗失败的负面影响,研究不育男性辅助生殖助孕结局的相关因素是十分必要的。本研究探讨接受辅助生殖治疗不育男性助孕结局的相关危险因素,并进一步建立男性不育患者辅助生殖助孕结局的预测模型。方法:采用方便抽样调查法,选取2023年3月至9月于同济大学附属妇产科医院生殖医学中心行卵细胞质单精子注射-新鲜胚胎移植(intracytoplasmic sperm injectionembryo transfer,ICSI-ET)助孕的1037例不育男性作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、焦虑自评量表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)、中文版知觉压力量表(Chinese Version of Perceived Stress Scale,CPSS)、阿森斯睡眠量表(Athens Insomnia Scale,AIS)收集不育男性的一般资料和临床数据,并通过医院信息系统收集不育男性的精液、内分泌和血液资料,以单周期内是否获得临床妊娠为结局指标。以其配偶是否获得临床妊娠分为获得临床妊娠组(观察组,n=403)与未获得临床妊娠组(对照组,n=634),比较2组患者的自身因素和实验室指标差异,采用Logistic回归分析不育男性助孕结局的危险因素,利用存在统计学差异的因素构建不育男性助孕结局预测模型,通过R软件绘制列线图和受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线图,并通过ROC曲线的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)、Hosmer-Lemeshow检验、准确率、敏感度、特异度评价预测模型的性能。结果:本研究中共403例(38.86%)不育男性的配偶获得临床妊娠。二元Logistic回归显示:年龄、体重指数、是否吸烟、是否喝酒、每日睡眠时间、每日运动时间、焦虑、抑郁、失眠、前向运动精子率、精子DNA碎片化指数、精子存活率等12个影响因素是不育男性配偶是否获得临床妊娠的独立危险因素(均P<0.05);以此构建的列线图模型显示:AUC为0.975,Hosmer-Lemeshow检验P=0.946,模型的准确率为0.894,敏感度为0.913,特异度为0.884。结论:男性不育患者的助孕结局受到多种因素影响,精子质量和生活方式影响了其助孕结局;本研究构建的预测模型预测效能良好,临床医护人员可根据预测结果制订预见性方案,改善精子质量,缓解负性情绪,改变生活习惯,以便改善辅助生殖技术的助孕结局。展开更多
文摘Objective: To investigate the specific mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the regulation of human sperm apoptosis, and to provide a new theoretical reference and scientific basis for the diagnosis and treatment of asthenospermia and other related conditions. Methods: Semen samples were categorized into the normal group and asthenospermia group based on sperm motility criteria. HIF-1α interfering agent cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and guanylate cyclase activator (Lificiguat, YC-1) were added respectively, with a control group established accordingly. Sperm motility (using anterior viability rate as an index), apoptosis level, ATP level, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were measured. The expression levels of HIF-1α, p-PI3K, and Bcl-2 in the samples were analyzed using Western blotting. Results: Following CoCl2 treatment, there was a significant increase in sperm apoptosis compared to the normal control group (12.51% ± 2.50% VS 11.15% ± 2.42%);additionally, sperm motility (45.34% ± 3.37% VS 51.36% ± 11.68%), ATP production (11.51 ± 2.87 nM/µL VS 14.99 ± 2.83 nM/µL), ROS levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential all decreased significantly (all P α and p-PI3K increased significantly while Bcl-2 expression decreased (all P α in the YC-1 treatment group were decreased, and the expression level of Bcl-2 was increased (all P α can influence human sperm apoptosis and motility through the PI3K signaling pathway.
文摘Aim: To assess the spatial and temporal expression of germ cell nuclear factor (GCNF) in male mouse germ cells during postnatal development and in sperm before and after capacitation. Methods: The indirect immun-ofluorescence method with anti-GCNF antiserum was used to investigate the GCNF expression in mice at day 8, 10, 14, 17, 20, 28, 35, 70, and 420 after birth and in sperm before and after capacitation. Results: With the proceeding of spermatogenesis, GCNF was first detected in the nuclei of spermatogonia and a few early stage primary sperma-tocytes at day 8, which was increased gradually at day 10 to 14 inclusive. From day 17 to day 20, the GCNF was concentrated in round spermatids, while both spermatogonia and early stage primary spermatocytes became GCNF negative. From day 28 until day 420, strong GCNF expression was shown in round spermatids and pachytene spermatocytes, while spermatogonia, early primary spermatocytes and elongating spermatids were all GCNF negative. In addition, it was also found that GCNF was localized on the acrosomal cap region of spermatozoa and there was a big change in GCNF expression during capacitation, from 98 % GCNF positive before capacitation to about 20 % positive following capacitation. The localization of GCNF in caput and cauda spermatozoa was similar. Conclusion: GCNF may play important roles in spermatogenesis, capacitation and fertilization.
文摘Since its discovery nearly thirty years ago, platelet-activating factor has emerged as one of the more important lipidmediators known. Platelet-activating factor (PAF; 1-O-alkyl-2-O-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine) exists en-dogenously as a mixture of molecular species with structural variants of the alkyl moiety. PAF is a novel potent signal-ing phospholipid that has unique pleiotropic biological properties in addition to platelet activation. PAF also plays a sig-nificant role in reproduction. PAF content in squirrel monkey sperm is significantly higher during the breeding seasonthan the non-breeding season. PAF content in human sperm has a positive correlation with seminal parameters and preg-nancy outcomes. High-fertility boars have significantly more PAF in their sperm than low-fertility boars. The enzymes(lyso-PAF-acetyltransferase and PAF-acetylhydrolase) necessary for PAF activation and deactivation are present insperm. PAF-acetylhydrolase may act as a 'decapacitation factor'. Removal of this enzyme during capacitation maypromote PAF synthesis increasing motility and fertilization. PAF also plays a significant role in the fertilization process,enhancing the fertilization rates of oocytes. Enhanced embryo development has also been reported in oocytes fertilizedwith PAF-treated sperm. PAF antagonists inhibit sperm motility, acrosome reaction, and fertilization, thus suggestingthe presence of receptors for PAF. The PAF-receptor is present on sperm, with altered transcript levels and distributionpatterns on abnormal cells. Whereas the exact mechanism of PAF in sperm function and reproduction is uncertain, itsimportance in normal fertility is substantial. The reproductive significance of PAF activity in sperm and fertility plus therole of PAF in the establishment of pregnancy requires further study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30770321)
文摘The DDK strain （Mus musculus domesticus） of inbred mouse has a unique peculiarity known as DDK syndrome. The DDK females are mostly infertile when crossed with males of other inbred strains, while DDK males exhibit normal fertility in the reciprocal crosses, as intrastrain matings. This DDK syndrome has been demonstrated to be caused by an incompatibility system between DDK ooplasmic factor and the sperm gene of other strains owing to the ovum mutant （Ore） locus on mouse Chromosome 11. Recently, it was reported that DDK females are fully fertile when crossed to males of MOM （M. m. molossinus） and CASP （M. m. castaneus） strains, indicating that no incompatibilities exist between DDK ooplasmic factor and sperm gene of MOM or CASP males. In the present study, DDK females were found to be also fully fertile when crossed to the males of PWK wild-derived inbred strain （originated from Czech Republic wild mice, M. m. musculus）. The crosses of DDK females × F1 （DDK9 × PWK♀） males also resulted in normal fertility. Furthermore, the transmission ratios of Om alleles from these Fl males to their backcross N2 offspring are 50%：50% as genotyped by microsatellite markers closely linked to Om locus. Moreover, it was demonstrated that PWK females are also fully fertile when crossed to DDK males. All above results indicated that no incompatibility exists between ooplasmic factor and sperm gene in the intersubspecific crosses with DDK and PWK strains. PWK strain would also be useful for further investigations on the DDK syndrome, and DDK strain can be used more widely for various studies in the mouse.
文摘Aim: To study the roles of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) on the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction. Methods: The sperm acrosin activity was tested by the method of BAEE/ ADH Unity and the acrosome reaction by the Triple-stain technique. Results: TNF-α decreased the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction (P<0.01; P<0.01, respectively); it also inhibited the Ca2+-ATPase activity and SOD activity in sperm (P< 0.05; P<0.001, respectively), but increased the NOS activity and the amount of NO in sperm (P<0.001; P<0.001, respectively). While it had a less significant effect on the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase (P>0.05). Conclusion: TNF-α inhibits the sperm acrosin activity and acrosome reaction.
文摘This study compared the potential of assessing sperm DNA fragmentation （SDF） from neat semen and the subsequent swim-up （SU） procedure to predict pregnancy when conducting ICSI of fertile donor oocytes. Infertile females （n=81） were transferred embryos resulting from intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） of their partner＇s spermatozoa and proven donor oocytes. This model normalized the impact of female factor in putative sperm DNA repair. Semen was blindly assessed for SDF using Halosperm immediately following ejaculation （NS） and after swim-up at the time of ICSI fertilisation. There was a decrease in SDF values of the ejaculated semen sample following the swim-up protocol （P=0.000）. Interestingly, pregnancy could be equally predicted from SDF values derived from either neat or swim-up semen samples. Receiver operator curves and the derived Youden＇s indices determined SDF cutoff values for NS and SU of 24.8% and 17.5%, respectively. Prediction of pregnancy from NS SDF had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 69%, whereas for SU SDF was 78% and 73%, respectively. While increased levels of SDF negatively impact reproductive outcome, we have shown that a reduction in SDF following sperm selection using ICSI with proven donor oocytes is not mandatory for achieving pregnancy. This suggests that a certain level of DNA damage that is not detectable using current technologies could be impacting on the relative success of assisted reproductive technology （ART） procedures. Consequently, we propose a modification of the so called ＇iceberg model＇ as a possible rationale for understanding the role of SDF in reproductive outcome.
文摘A wide variety of techniques for the preparation of sperm are currently available, of which the most commonly employed are densitygradient centrifugation （DGC） and swim-up （SUP）. To date, these methods appear to be effective in selecting functional sperm for assisted reproduction techniques （ART）, but they may have negative effects on sperm DNA. In this study, the ability of these semen processing techniques to eliminate spermatozoa containing single- and double-strand DNA damage was assessed by the two-tailed comet assay and the sperm chromatin dispersion test in 157 semen samples from patients seeking assisted reproduction treatment. Our results indicated that SUP and DGC are equally efficient in eliminating spermatozoa containing double-strand DNA damage and sperm with highly damaged （degraded） DNA, as characterized by the presence of both single- and double-strand DNA breaks. However, DGC is more efficient than SUP in selecting spermatozoa that are free from single-strand DNA damage. Future studies should characterise the importance of the various types of DNA damage and examine the sperm processing protocols used in each laboratory to determine their ability to eliminate DNA damage and hence, prevent the potential transmission of genetic mutations via ART.
文摘<abstract>Aim: To evaluate the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in the management of cases with a history of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. Methods: Two groups of patients, 19 with normal semen parameters and a history of IVF failure (metaphase Ⅱ oocytes: 0~30 %) and 28 with severe male factor infertility received ICSI technology during the same period. Ovarian stimulation was achieved by conventional procedure. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte collection was done 35~37 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) injection. Only metaphase Ⅱ oocytes were selected for microinjection. Results: Fertilization was achieved with ICSI in all the patients. The fertilization rate (75.6 %±21.1 % vs. 73.9 %±19.2 %), cleavage rate (85.1 %±19.3 % vs. 82.7 %±22.1 %), clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer cycle (31.6 % vs. 28.6 %) and implantation rate per embryo (15.3 % vs. 14.4 %) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: ICSI is a valuable method for couples with a history of IVF failure. These patients may have a similar ICSI result as in severe male infertility.
文摘It is possible and clinically relevant to distinguish between slow and rapid progressive spermatozoa in basic semen analysis. This is discussed in light of the different purposes of semen analysis for the subfertile couple and the male patient. The two groups of progressive spermatozoa should be distinguished to help ensure that pertinent information available in the semen sample is not neglected.
文摘This review described origination, biosynthesis and functions of platelet-activating factor （PAF） in the reproductive system of mammals and human beings. The article mainly focused on biological roles of the phospholipid mediator in sperm fertilization and embryonic implantation. As an autocrine product of sperm and embryos, PAF markedly stimulates sperm motility and fertilization and serves as a capacitation factor in a ligand-receptor manner, After fertilization, embryo-derived PAF improves its own development, especially from fertilized ova to blastocyst stage and is thought to act as an embryo growth factor in the same manner as on sperm. Its mechanism of action was also clarified. At the end, it was presented some advances in its clinical application, followed by discussion of some issues possibly concerning in its current application.
文摘Sperm of poor quality may affect syngamy after fertilization, embryo development up to the blastocyst stage and reproductive outcome. Subsequently, sperm selection based on morphological characteristics and sperm DNA quality may help to partially avoid these problems. Today, highly efficient sperm selection based on morphological characteristics can be attained using the motile sperm organelle morphology (MSOME) examination, and the spermatozoa selected can be used for ICSI through a fertilization strategy known as intra-cytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI). The aim of this investigation was to develop a simple methodology to assess sperm DNA fragmentation in single spermatozoa following MSOME/ IMSI, to test the hypothesis that morphologically normal spermatozoa, with an absence of vacuolization, is free of DNA damage. The results indicated that MSOME/IMSI-selected sperm, combined with the Sperm Chromatin Dispersion test (SCD;Oligo-Halosperm), can be reliably used to assess sperm DNA damage in selected single spermatozoa (75% average efficiency), thereby establishing a direct relationship between a good morphological pattern on the sperm and a good DNA quality. Furthermore, results showed spermatozoa presenting a normal morphology and no traces of vacuolization to be fully free of DNA damage. However, traces of vacuolization and more severe morphological alterations were accompanied by significant increases in the proportion of sperm containing a damaged DNA molecule. Interestingly, subtle morphological differences observed between normal and non-vacuolated and normal but vacuolated sperm exhibited significant differrences in the ability of the SCD-Oligo-Halosperm treated sperm to expand DNA fibers following protein depletion.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">To explore the differences of male semen parameters in different seasons of the year, so as to explore the potential climatic factors affecting spermatogenesis and male reproductive ability</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> we retrospectively analyzed 21,715 semen analysis data from January 2018 to February 2021, grouped by year and season, and finally the relationships among semen parameters and semen and meteorological parameters were compared. Environmental exposures prior to 3 months were analyzed and correlation analysis was performed.</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The semen concentration decreased year by year (p < 0.01). However, the Progressive motility (PR) and total PR number had been increased (p < 0.01). There were statistical differences in sperm parameters which include semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm number, progressive motility (PR), total PR number and total motility in different seasons, winter and spring were better than summer and autumn (p < 0.01). Total sperm number and sperm concentration were positively correlated with PR (R = 0.420, R = 0.440, p < 0.01). There was no correlation between daylight duration and semen parameters. Sperm parameters were positively or negatively correlated with environmental temperature, air pressure or humidity which had an overall effect on semen quality. It is suggested that seasonal factors should be considered when evaluating male reproductive ability. Besides referring to conventional semen parameters, other factors such as season and climate should also be considered.</span></span>
文摘目的:男性生育力下降与各种因素密切相关,考虑到试管助孕的高成本及治疗失败的负面影响,研究不育男性辅助生殖助孕结局的相关因素是十分必要的。本研究探讨接受辅助生殖治疗不育男性助孕结局的相关危险因素,并进一步建立男性不育患者辅助生殖助孕结局的预测模型。方法:采用方便抽样调查法,选取2023年3月至9月于同济大学附属妇产科医院生殖医学中心行卵细胞质单精子注射-新鲜胚胎移植(intracytoplasmic sperm injectionembryo transfer,ICSI-ET)助孕的1037例不育男性作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、焦虑自评量表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(Self-rating Depression Scale,SDS)、中文版知觉压力量表(Chinese Version of Perceived Stress Scale,CPSS)、阿森斯睡眠量表(Athens Insomnia Scale,AIS)收集不育男性的一般资料和临床数据,并通过医院信息系统收集不育男性的精液、内分泌和血液资料,以单周期内是否获得临床妊娠为结局指标。以其配偶是否获得临床妊娠分为获得临床妊娠组(观察组,n=403)与未获得临床妊娠组(对照组,n=634),比较2组患者的自身因素和实验室指标差异,采用Logistic回归分析不育男性助孕结局的危险因素,利用存在统计学差异的因素构建不育男性助孕结局预测模型,通过R软件绘制列线图和受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线图,并通过ROC曲线的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)、Hosmer-Lemeshow检验、准确率、敏感度、特异度评价预测模型的性能。结果:本研究中共403例(38.86%)不育男性的配偶获得临床妊娠。二元Logistic回归显示:年龄、体重指数、是否吸烟、是否喝酒、每日睡眠时间、每日运动时间、焦虑、抑郁、失眠、前向运动精子率、精子DNA碎片化指数、精子存活率等12个影响因素是不育男性配偶是否获得临床妊娠的独立危险因素(均P<0.05);以此构建的列线图模型显示:AUC为0.975,Hosmer-Lemeshow检验P=0.946,模型的准确率为0.894,敏感度为0.913,特异度为0.884。结论:男性不育患者的助孕结局受到多种因素影响,精子质量和生活方式影响了其助孕结局;本研究构建的预测模型预测效能良好,临床医护人员可根据预测结果制订预见性方案,改善精子质量,缓解负性情绪,改变生活习惯,以便改善辅助生殖技术的助孕结局。
