OBJECTIVE:To probe the effects of acupuncture reinforcing and reducing methods on the human body.METHODS:Studied acupuncture reinforcing and reducing actions in the ancient literature,based on modern clinical and expe...OBJECTIVE:To probe the effects of acupuncture reinforcing and reducing methods on the human body.METHODS:Studied acupuncture reinforcing and reducing actions in the ancient literature,based on modern clinical and experimental studies,in combination with experience of acupuncture teaching and clinical treatment.RESULTS:The key to the generation of reinforcing and reducing actions is not the acupuncture reinforcing and reducing methods themselves,but instead the functional state of the patient during the acupuncture.When reinforcing and reducing methods act on the human body,a reinforcing-reducing effect is produced through regulation of Qi,indicating that the production of the reinforcing-reducing effect requires a certain condition.Specifically,acupuncture does not produce the reinforcing-reducing effect under all conditions,but can produce a reinforcing effect in patients with deficiency syndrome and a reducing effect in patients with excess syndrome.CONCLUSION:Reinforcing and reducing methods each have therapeutic effects on both deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome,but a reinforcing method should be selected first for deficiency syndrome and a reducing method should be selected first for excess syndrome.展开更多
With the challenges brought by the expansion of network scale,as well as the diversity of the equipments and the complexity of network protocols,many self-configurable systems have been proposed combining formal speci...With the challenges brought by the expansion of network scale,as well as the diversity of the equipments and the complexity of network protocols,many self-configurable systems have been proposed combining formal specification and model finding techniques.In this paper,we pay more attention to formal specifications of network information,i.e.,exploring principles and algorithm to map network information(topology,devices and status,etc.) to Alloy specifications.We first model network information in relational form,which is easy to realize because of the structured feature of network information in nature.Then we map the relational data to Alloy specifications according to our novel data mapping principles and algorithm.Based on the transition of relational data,it is possible to automatically map network information to Alloy specifications.We evaluate our data mapping principles and algorithm by applying them to a practical application scenario.The results illustrate that we can find a model for the task within a tolerant time interval,which implies that our novel approach can convert relational data to Alloy specifications correctly and efficiently.展开更多
A biological molecule,e.g.,an enzyme,tends to interact with its many cognate substrates,targets,or partners differentially.Such a property is termed relative specificity and has been proposed to regulate important phy...A biological molecule,e.g.,an enzyme,tends to interact with its many cognate substrates,targets,or partners differentially.Such a property is termed relative specificity and has been proposed to regulate important physiological functions,even though it has not been examined explicitly in most complex biochemical systems.This essay reviews several recent large-scale studies that investigate protein folding,signal transduction,RNA binding,translation and transcription in the context of relative specificity.These results and others support a pervasive role of relative specificity in diverse biological processes.It is becoming clear that relative specificity contributes fundamentally to the diversity and complexity of biological systems,which has significant implications in disease processes as well.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE:To probe the effects of acupuncture reinforcing and reducing methods on the human body.METHODS:Studied acupuncture reinforcing and reducing actions in the ancient literature,based on modern clinical and experimental studies,in combination with experience of acupuncture teaching and clinical treatment.RESULTS:The key to the generation of reinforcing and reducing actions is not the acupuncture reinforcing and reducing methods themselves,but instead the functional state of the patient during the acupuncture.When reinforcing and reducing methods act on the human body,a reinforcing-reducing effect is produced through regulation of Qi,indicating that the production of the reinforcing-reducing effect requires a certain condition.Specifically,acupuncture does not produce the reinforcing-reducing effect under all conditions,but can produce a reinforcing effect in patients with deficiency syndrome and a reducing effect in patients with excess syndrome.CONCLUSION:Reinforcing and reducing methods each have therapeutic effects on both deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome,but a reinforcing method should be selected first for deficiency syndrome and a reducing method should be selected first for excess syndrome.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China under Grant No.61225012 and No.71325002the Specialized Research Fund of the Doctoral Program of Higher Education for the Priority Development Areas under Grant No.20120042130003the Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program under Grant No.2013921068
文摘With the challenges brought by the expansion of network scale,as well as the diversity of the equipments and the complexity of network protocols,many self-configurable systems have been proposed combining formal specification and model finding techniques.In this paper,we pay more attention to formal specifications of network information,i.e.,exploring principles and algorithm to map network information(topology,devices and status,etc.) to Alloy specifications.We first model network information in relational form,which is easy to realize because of the structured feature of network information in nature.Then we map the relational data to Alloy specifications according to our novel data mapping principles and algorithm.Based on the transition of relational data,it is possible to automatically map network information to Alloy specifications.We evaluate our data mapping principles and algorithm by applying them to a practical application scenario.The results illustrate that we can find a model for the task within a tolerant time interval,which implies that our novel approach can convert relational data to Alloy specifications correctly and efficiently.
基金partly supported by the National Institutes of Health(Grant Nos.5P50-DA011806-12 and R01DA031202)
文摘A biological molecule,e.g.,an enzyme,tends to interact with its many cognate substrates,targets,or partners differentially.Such a property is termed relative specificity and has been proposed to regulate important physiological functions,even though it has not been examined explicitly in most complex biochemical systems.This essay reviews several recent large-scale studies that investigate protein folding,signal transduction,RNA binding,translation and transcription in the context of relative specificity.These results and others support a pervasive role of relative specificity in diverse biological processes.It is becoming clear that relative specificity contributes fundamentally to the diversity and complexity of biological systems,which has significant implications in disease processes as well.
