Ambisonics is a series of spatial sound reproduction system based on spatial harmonics decomposition and each order approximation of sound field.Ambisonics signals are originally intended for loudspeakers reproduction...Ambisonics is a series of spatial sound reproduction system based on spatial harmonics decomposition and each order approximation of sound field.Ambisonics signals are originally intended for loudspeakers reproduction.By using head-related transfer functions(HRTFs)filters,binaural Ambisonics converts the Ambisonics signals for static or dynamic headphone reproduction.In present work,the performances of static and dynamic binaural Ambisonics reproduction are evaluated and compared.The mean binaural pressure errors across target source directions are first analyzed.Then a virtual source localization experiment is conducted,and the localization performances are evaluated by analyzing the percentages of front-back and up-down confusion,the mean angle error and discreteness in the localization results.The results indicate that binaural Ambsonics reproduction with insufficiently high order(for example,5-10 order)is unable to recreate correct high-frequency magnitude spectra in binaural pressures,resulting in degradation in localization for static reproduction.Because dynamic localization cue is included,dynamic binaural Ambisoncis reproduction yields obviously better localization performance than static reproduction with the same order.Even a 3-order dynamic binaural Ambisoncis reproduction exhibits appropriate localizations performance.展开更多
A laboratory study of horizontal spatial effect is conducted to study the change and influence factors of annoyance on horizontal position of the source.Three typical acoustic signals in different azimuth angles can b...A laboratory study of horizontal spatial effect is conducted to study the change and influence factors of annoyance on horizontal position of the source.Three typical acoustic signals in different azimuth angles can be obtained by filtering with the head related transfer function(HRTF).Then,the annoyance scores for each stimulus are marked and horizontal spatial distribution characteristics of annoyance are obtained.At last,correlation and regression analysis are performed based on the binaural acoustic parameters and annoyance results.The results show the consistent variations of the annoyance with azimuth angles of the three kinds of sounds.The range of annoyance caused by the azimuth is about−1−2 points on an 11-point scale.Annoyance is the lowest when the sound source is directly behind,and the highest when it is on the left and right.It is found that the relative binaural loudness or the binaural loudness difference has a significant influence on annoyance of three kinds of sounds,the relative binaural cross-correlation coefficient has a significant influence on wide-band sounds but not on narrowband sounds,and the type of parameters influencing the spatial effect is related to the frequency distribution of the observed signal.The main factors influencing the spatial effect are related to the overall perception of sound and also the differences between the ears.展开更多
The one-dimensional theory of sound propagation in ducts is generalized and investigated in this paper . It can be assumed that any duct system consists of two kinds of elementary structures : One is the piped structu...The one-dimensional theory of sound propagation in ducts is generalized and investigated in this paper . It can be assumed that any duct system consists of two kinds of elementary structures : One is the piped structure in which the characteristics , such as the acoustical parameter on the interior surface of the wall , the cross-section area and the aerodynamic parameters of the flow , etc., will vary continuously and slowly with distance along the axis of the duct . The other is the local structure with discontinuity in which the characteristics will change abruptly. The acoustical properties of both structures are analysed in general cases based upon the fundamental equations of aerodynamics , and their transmission matrixes are derived and discussed respectively . Two typical examples are analysed and discussed .展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11674105)State Key Lab of Subtropical Building Science,South China University of Technology.
文摘Ambisonics is a series of spatial sound reproduction system based on spatial harmonics decomposition and each order approximation of sound field.Ambisonics signals are originally intended for loudspeakers reproduction.By using head-related transfer functions(HRTFs)filters,binaural Ambisonics converts the Ambisonics signals for static or dynamic headphone reproduction.In present work,the performances of static and dynamic binaural Ambisonics reproduction are evaluated and compared.The mean binaural pressure errors across target source directions are first analyzed.Then a virtual source localization experiment is conducted,and the localization performances are evaluated by analyzing the percentages of front-back and up-down confusion,the mean angle error and discreteness in the localization results.The results indicate that binaural Ambsonics reproduction with insufficiently high order(for example,5-10 order)is unable to recreate correct high-frequency magnitude spectra in binaural pressures,resulting in degradation in localization for static reproduction.Because dynamic localization cue is included,dynamic binaural Ambisoncis reproduction yields obviously better localization performance than static reproduction with the same order.Even a 3-order dynamic binaural Ambisoncis reproduction exhibits appropriate localizations performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12274350).
文摘A laboratory study of horizontal spatial effect is conducted to study the change and influence factors of annoyance on horizontal position of the source.Three typical acoustic signals in different azimuth angles can be obtained by filtering with the head related transfer function(HRTF).Then,the annoyance scores for each stimulus are marked and horizontal spatial distribution characteristics of annoyance are obtained.At last,correlation and regression analysis are performed based on the binaural acoustic parameters and annoyance results.The results show the consistent variations of the annoyance with azimuth angles of the three kinds of sounds.The range of annoyance caused by the azimuth is about−1−2 points on an 11-point scale.Annoyance is the lowest when the sound source is directly behind,and the highest when it is on the left and right.It is found that the relative binaural loudness or the binaural loudness difference has a significant influence on annoyance of three kinds of sounds,the relative binaural cross-correlation coefficient has a significant influence on wide-band sounds but not on narrowband sounds,and the type of parameters influencing the spatial effect is related to the frequency distribution of the observed signal.The main factors influencing the spatial effect are related to the overall perception of sound and also the differences between the ears.
文摘The one-dimensional theory of sound propagation in ducts is generalized and investigated in this paper . It can be assumed that any duct system consists of two kinds of elementary structures : One is the piped structure in which the characteristics , such as the acoustical parameter on the interior surface of the wall , the cross-section area and the aerodynamic parameters of the flow , etc., will vary continuously and slowly with distance along the axis of the duct . The other is the local structure with discontinuity in which the characteristics will change abruptly. The acoustical properties of both structures are analysed in general cases based upon the fundamental equations of aerodynamics , and their transmission matrixes are derived and discussed respectively . Two typical examples are analysed and discussed .
