Space robots possess unique distinguishing features unlike general robots on earth, due to the particular environments in space. The developing of various practical space robots promoting the improvement of space scie...Space robots possess unique distinguishing features unlike general robots on earth, due to the particular environments in space. The developing of various practical space robots promoting the improvement of space science and technology is a complex man-machine-environment engineering problem. This paper analyses from the systems engineering viewpoint the space robot system in the scope of the architecture of robotics discipline, space environment characteristics, man-machine-environment system of space robots, the general methodology of project systems engineering and the process of space robot systems engineering.展开更多
The origin,formation and evolution of the systems engineering theory accompanied QIAN Xuesen's whole life.The systems engineering theory is the concentrated reflection of QIAN's achievements and theory in all ...The origin,formation and evolution of the systems engineering theory accompanied QIAN Xuesen's whole life.The systems engineering theory is the concentrated reflection of QIAN's achievements and theory in all aspects.From returning to China to pioneer China's space industry,creating a new management mode of "one overall design department,two command lines",publishing Organization and Management Technology:Systems Engineering,to proposing the theory of Open Complex Giant System(OCGS) and the theory of Metasynthetic Wisdom,all these mark the formation of the Chinese school of systems engineering.Guided by QIAN's academic ideas,various major Chinese space programs have been implemented successfully which verified the fact that the systems engineering is scientific.The systems engineering has been applied to different fields of the national economy and has a development process with the distinguished characteristics of Chinese systems science.On one hand,the systems engineering is put forward deeply along the traditional systems engineering thought and theory;on the other hand,a batch of innovations that break the traditional shackles have occurred,making the Chinese systems engineering unique and outstanding compared with foreign counterparts.展开更多
The ZDPS-1A pico-satellites are the first satellites in China within the 1-10 kg mass range that are successfully operated on orbit. Unlike common pico-satellites, they are designed to be ＂larger but stronger＂ with ...The ZDPS-1A pico-satellites are the first satellites in China within the 1-10 kg mass range that are successfully operated on orbit. Unlike common pico-satellites, they are designed to be ＂larger but stronger＂ with more powerful platforms and unique payloads so as to bear a better promise for real applications. Through their space flight mission, the functionality and perform- ance of the two flight models are tested on orbit and validated to be mostly normal and in consistency with design and ground tests with only several inconforming occasions. Moreover, they have worked properly on orbit for one year so far, well exceed- ing their life expectancy of three months. Therefore, the space flight mission has reached all its goals, and verified that the design concept and the engineering process of the pico-satellites are sufficient in allowing them the desired functionality and perform- ance in, and the adaption to the launch procedure and the low-Earth orbit space environment. In the foreseeable future, the plat- form together with the design concept and the engineering process of the pico-satellites are expected to be applied to more com- plicated real space applications.展开更多
The peculiar nature of control theory as a course that cut across a lot of major engineering disciplines calls for a look into how its learning can best be done without students feeling like they are wasting their tim...The peculiar nature of control theory as a course that cut across a lot of major engineering disciplines calls for a look into how its learning can best be done without students feeling like they are wasting their time.This paper takes a look at control theory as subject cut across various engineering field and has a wide background that students must really be comfortable with.Its wide application and background pose a huge challenge to the teaching of control.It goes further to look into traditional method of teaching,Project-Based Learning Blooms Taxonomy.It then proposes applying Flipped Bloom Taxonomy to Project-based learning for a deep understanding of control systems.展开更多
China＇s space industry has been developed quickly and consistently setting new records for mankind in space exploration in the past 60 years. Four principles are uphetd during its development. Systems engineering and...China＇s space industry has been developed quickly and consistently setting new records for mankind in space exploration in the past 60 years. Four principles are uphetd during its development. Systems engineering and overall thinking have played an important role in the development of China＇s space industry. What＇s more, the concept of systems engineering which originated from the space industry, being rooted in society, is a successful example of ＂Chinese theory＂ answering ＂Chinese question＂ and ＂Chinese wisdom＂ guiding ＂Chinese development＂, which is a trump card for the country and provides a unique business governance mode with Chinese characteristics.展开更多
Intelligent Adaptive Control(AC) has remarkable advantages in the control system design of aero-engine which has strong nonlinearity and uncertainty. Inspired by the Nonlinear Autoregressive Moving Average(NARMA)-L2 a...Intelligent Adaptive Control(AC) has remarkable advantages in the control system design of aero-engine which has strong nonlinearity and uncertainty. Inspired by the Nonlinear Autoregressive Moving Average(NARMA)-L2 adaptive control, a novel Nonlinear State Space Equation(NSSE) based Adaptive neural network Control(NSSE-AC) method is proposed for the turbo-shaft engine control system design. The proposed NSSE model is derived from a special neural network with an extra layer, and the rotor speed of the gas turbine is taken as the main state variable which makes the NSSE model be able to capture the system dynamic better than the NARMA-L2 model. A hybrid Recursive Least-Square and Levenberg-Marquardt(RLS-LM) algorithm is advanced to perform the online learning of the neural network, which further enhances both the accuracy of the NSSE model and the performance of the adaptive controller. The feedback correction is also utilized in the NSSE-AC system to eliminate the steady-state tracking error. Simulation results show that, compared with the NARMA-L2 model, the NSSE model of the turboshaft engine is more accurate. The maximum modeling error is decreased from 5.92% to 0.97%when the LM algorithm is introduced to optimize the neural network parameters. The NSSE-AC method can not only achieve a better main control loop performance than the traditional controller but also limit all the constraint parameters efficiently with quick and accurate switching responses even if component degradation exists. Thus, the effectiveness of the NSSE-AC method is validated.展开更多
Based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP) theory,a vital important problem for top-layer planning and overall design of modern self-propelled gun-howitzer system,namely overall project decision-making,was analyzed.A hi...Based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP) theory,a vital important problem for top-layer planning and overall design of modern self-propelled gun-howitzer system,namely overall project decision-making,was analyzed.A hierarchy model was built to solve the complex and uncertain problem,and a decision-making index system was established.Then,the weights in all layers of the model were determined by simulating experts.Finally,according to the calculated results of the elements in each layer,the weights of the alternatives to the overall goal were calculated to conduct the hierarchy total decision.A decision example shows that the overall project of a self-propelled gun-howitzer A is much better than that of another self-propelled gun-howitzer B,digitalized in comprehensive efficiency,operability,system accuracy and economy,but inferior to it in the information capability,and there exists relatively larger gap between them in the information sharing index.展开更多
A project of the space train MARSZUG intended for regular delivery of astronauts to Mars is considered. In the first stage of the flight, the astronauts with the help of the carrier rocket equipped with a chemical roc...A project of the space train MARSZUG intended for regular delivery of astronauts to Mars is considered. In the first stage of the flight, the astronauts with the help of the carrier rocket equipped with a chemical rocket engine are delivered to the international space station (ISS). To deliver astronauts from Earth’s orbit to Mars orbit, a space train design consisting of two rockets, which have superconductive magnetoplasma electric engine MARS, has been developed. For the first time, a combined propulsion system MARS-M has been developed for the train movement, allowing<span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">carrying out the pitching, yaw and rotation of the rocket. This greatly simplifies the rocket control system and increases its reliability. The energy source of the electric engines is a sliding solar panel made of gallium arsenide. Working substance to create reactive thrust of electrorocket engines—hydrogen is stored in a liquid state in the cryogenic tank located along the longitudinal axis of the rocket. In the nasal part of the front electric rocket, a shaft rotating in a superconductive bearing is located. The shaft has a cylindrical nozzle, on which with the help of docking units two takeoff-landing capsules TLC-1 and TLC-2 are installed with which help landing and takeoff from the surface of Mars is carried out. This allows astronauts to constantly stay during the flight under the influence of gravity. To refuel the space train with liquid hydrogen in the orbit of Mars, the design of a space refueler with a chemical rocket engine is developed. The developed space train is able to regularly deliver astronauts to the surface near the northern pole of Mars.</span>展开更多
文摘Space robots possess unique distinguishing features unlike general robots on earth, due to the particular environments in space. The developing of various practical space robots promoting the improvement of space science and technology is a complex man-machine-environment engineering problem. This paper analyses from the systems engineering viewpoint the space robot system in the scope of the architecture of robotics discipline, space environment characteristics, man-machine-environment system of space robots, the general methodology of project systems engineering and the process of space robot systems engineering.
文摘The origin,formation and evolution of the systems engineering theory accompanied QIAN Xuesen's whole life.The systems engineering theory is the concentrated reflection of QIAN's achievements and theory in all aspects.From returning to China to pioneer China's space industry,creating a new management mode of "one overall design department,two command lines",publishing Organization and Management Technology:Systems Engineering,to proposing the theory of Open Complex Giant System(OCGS) and the theory of Metasynthetic Wisdom,all these mark the formation of the Chinese school of systems engineering.Guided by QIAN's academic ideas,various major Chinese space programs have been implemented successfully which verified the fact that the systems engineering is scientific.The systems engineering has been applied to different fields of the national economy and has a development process with the distinguished characteristics of Chinese systems science.On one hand,the systems engineering is put forward deeply along the traditional systems engineering thought and theory;on the other hand,a batch of innovations that break the traditional shackles have occurred,making the Chinese systems engineering unique and outstanding compared with foreign counterparts.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (60904090)
文摘The ZDPS-1A pico-satellites are the first satellites in China within the 1-10 kg mass range that are successfully operated on orbit. Unlike common pico-satellites, they are designed to be ＂larger but stronger＂ with more powerful platforms and unique payloads so as to bear a better promise for real applications. Through their space flight mission, the functionality and perform- ance of the two flight models are tested on orbit and validated to be mostly normal and in consistency with design and ground tests with only several inconforming occasions. Moreover, they have worked properly on orbit for one year so far, well exceed- ing their life expectancy of three months. Therefore, the space flight mission has reached all its goals, and verified that the design concept and the engineering process of the pico-satellites are sufficient in allowing them the desired functionality and perform- ance in, and the adaption to the launch procedure and the low-Earth orbit space environment. In the foreseeable future, the plat- form together with the design concept and the engineering process of the pico-satellites are expected to be applied to more com- plicated real space applications.
文摘The peculiar nature of control theory as a course that cut across a lot of major engineering disciplines calls for a look into how its learning can best be done without students feeling like they are wasting their time.This paper takes a look at control theory as subject cut across various engineering field and has a wide background that students must really be comfortable with.Its wide application and background pose a huge challenge to the teaching of control.It goes further to look into traditional method of teaching,Project-Based Learning Blooms Taxonomy.It then proposes applying Flipped Bloom Taxonomy to Project-based learning for a deep understanding of control systems.
文摘China＇s space industry has been developed quickly and consistently setting new records for mankind in space exploration in the past 60 years. Four principles are uphetd during its development. Systems engineering and overall thinking have played an important role in the development of China＇s space industry. What＇s more, the concept of systems engineering which originated from the space industry, being rooted in society, is a successful example of ＂Chinese theory＂ answering ＂Chinese question＂ and ＂Chinese wisdom＂ guiding ＂Chinese development＂, which is a trump card for the country and provides a unique business governance mode with Chinese characteristics.
基金co-supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project, China (No. J2019-Ⅰ-0010-0010)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M701692)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (No. NS2022029)the Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of NUAA, China (No. xcxjh20220206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51976089)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent, China (No. 2022ZB202)。
文摘Intelligent Adaptive Control(AC) has remarkable advantages in the control system design of aero-engine which has strong nonlinearity and uncertainty. Inspired by the Nonlinear Autoregressive Moving Average(NARMA)-L2 adaptive control, a novel Nonlinear State Space Equation(NSSE) based Adaptive neural network Control(NSSE-AC) method is proposed for the turbo-shaft engine control system design. The proposed NSSE model is derived from a special neural network with an extra layer, and the rotor speed of the gas turbine is taken as the main state variable which makes the NSSE model be able to capture the system dynamic better than the NARMA-L2 model. A hybrid Recursive Least-Square and Levenberg-Marquardt(RLS-LM) algorithm is advanced to perform the online learning of the neural network, which further enhances both the accuracy of the NSSE model and the performance of the adaptive controller. The feedback correction is also utilized in the NSSE-AC system to eliminate the steady-state tracking error. Simulation results show that, compared with the NARMA-L2 model, the NSSE model of the turboshaft engine is more accurate. The maximum modeling error is decreased from 5.92% to 0.97%when the LM algorithm is introduced to optimize the neural network parameters. The NSSE-AC method can not only achieve a better main control loop performance than the traditional controller but also limit all the constraint parameters efficiently with quick and accurate switching responses even if component degradation exists. Thus, the effectiveness of the NSSE-AC method is validated.
文摘Based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP) theory,a vital important problem for top-layer planning and overall design of modern self-propelled gun-howitzer system,namely overall project decision-making,was analyzed.A hierarchy model was built to solve the complex and uncertain problem,and a decision-making index system was established.Then,the weights in all layers of the model were determined by simulating experts.Finally,according to the calculated results of the elements in each layer,the weights of the alternatives to the overall goal were calculated to conduct the hierarchy total decision.A decision example shows that the overall project of a self-propelled gun-howitzer A is much better than that of another self-propelled gun-howitzer B,digitalized in comprehensive efficiency,operability,system accuracy and economy,but inferior to it in the information capability,and there exists relatively larger gap between them in the information sharing index.
文摘A project of the space train MARSZUG intended for regular delivery of astronauts to Mars is considered. In the first stage of the flight, the astronauts with the help of the carrier rocket equipped with a chemical rocket engine are delivered to the international space station (ISS). To deliver astronauts from Earth’s orbit to Mars orbit, a space train design consisting of two rockets, which have superconductive magnetoplasma electric engine MARS, has been developed. For the first time, a combined propulsion system MARS-M has been developed for the train movement, allowing<span style="color:red;"> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">carrying out the pitching, yaw and rotation of the rocket. This greatly simplifies the rocket control system and increases its reliability. The energy source of the electric engines is a sliding solar panel made of gallium arsenide. Working substance to create reactive thrust of electrorocket engines—hydrogen is stored in a liquid state in the cryogenic tank located along the longitudinal axis of the rocket. In the nasal part of the front electric rocket, a shaft rotating in a superconductive bearing is located. The shaft has a cylindrical nozzle, on which with the help of docking units two takeoff-landing capsules TLC-1 and TLC-2 are installed with which help landing and takeoff from the surface of Mars is carried out. This allows astronauts to constantly stay during the flight under the influence of gravity. To refuel the space train with liquid hydrogen in the orbit of Mars, the design of a space refueler with a chemical rocket engine is developed. The developed space train is able to regularly deliver astronauts to the surface near the northern pole of Mars.</span>
