Neural stem cells(NSCs)have the potential for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation,and their transplantation has achieved good efficacy in a variety of diseases.However,only 1%-10%of transplanted NSCs sur...Neural stem cells(NSCs)have the potential for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation,and their transplantation has achieved good efficacy in a variety of diseases.However,only 1%-10%of transplanted NSCs survive in the ischemic and hypoxic microenvironment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.^(Sox2)is an important factor for NSCs to maintain proliferation.Therefore,^(Sox2)-overexpressing NSCs(NSC^(Sox2))may be more successful in improving neurological dysfunction after posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.In this study,human NSC^(Sox2)was transplanted into a posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus mouse model,and retinoic acid was administered to further promote NSC differentiation.The results showed that NSC^(Sox2)attenuated the ventricular enlargement caused by posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and improved neurological function.NSC^(Sox2)also promoted nerve regeneration,inhibited neuroinflammation and promoted M2 polarization(anti-inflammatory phenotype),thereby reducing cerebrospinal fluid secretion in choroid plexus.These findings suggest that NSC^(Sox2)rescued ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction induced by posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus through neural regeneration and modulation of inflammation.展开更多
Dear Editor,Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that poses a significant threat to human health,with its primary manifestations including social disability,impairments in verbal and non-verbal communication,and th...Dear Editor,Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that poses a significant threat to human health,with its primary manifestations including social disability,impairments in verbal and non-verbal communication,and the presence of narrow interests along with stereotypical repetitive behaviors.Recent research has shown that the Sox5 transcription factor plays a significant role in the axonal projection,migration,localization,and communication of newly generated neurons[1].Defects in the Sox5 gene are known to increase the risk of autism.A clinical study on 16 patients with Sox5 gene defects found that Sox5 haploinsufficiency is closely linked to key traits like developmental delay,language delay,behavioral problems,and minor deformities such as a protruding forehead and a wide,flat nasal bridge[2].展开更多
有性生殖是多细胞动物物种繁衍的普遍方式。本研究以大型淡水贝类中国圆田螺(Cipangopaludina chinensis)为例,从全基因组层面鉴定与中国圆田螺性别分化相关的Dmrt(double-sex and mab-3 relatated transcription factor)、Sox(sry-rela...有性生殖是多细胞动物物种繁衍的普遍方式。本研究以大型淡水贝类中国圆田螺(Cipangopaludina chinensis)为例,从全基因组层面鉴定与中国圆田螺性别分化相关的Dmrt(double-sex and mab-3 relatated transcription factor)、Sox(sry-related high mobility group box)和Wnt(wingless-type mmtv integration site family)基因家族并分析其特点、演化及在性腺中的表达模式。结果显示中国圆田螺CchDmrt、CchSox和CchWnt基因家族分别含有3个、5个和10个成员,主要分布于2号、3号、5号、7号和9号染色体上。选取腹足纲代表性物种构建系统进化树,结果显示Dmrt、Sox和Wnt各亚家族分布聚类在一起,其中中国圆田螺与铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)亲缘关系最近。3个基因家族中,CchSox10、CchWnt5和CchWnt7受到正选择作用,相对进化速率较快。三维结构分析显示CchDmrt和CchWnt基因家族编码的蛋白质较为保守,而CchSox基因家族编码的蛋白质之间则存在一定差异性,提示其存在功能差异。雌雄性腺转录组表达分析显示,CchSox5、CchWnt2和CchWnt16在精巢中的表达量高于卵巢的,并形成差异表达基因,而CchDmrt4、CchSox2、CchSox10、CchSox12和CchFoxl2基因则相反,说明不同家族成员在性腺发育中的作用不同。选取差异表达基因进行实时定量PCR(real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)验证,结果与转录组结果一致。本研究鉴定了中国圆田螺Dmrt、Sox和Wnt等性别决定相关基因,为其功能研究和中国圆田螺遗传育种研究提供基础资料。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82473334(to LZ),82401629(to XL)the Major Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,No.2022CJE09013(to LZ)+4 种基金Mianyang Science and Technology Bureau(Mianyang Science and Technology Program),No.2023ZYDF097(to LZ)NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation(Mianyang Central Hospital),No.2023HYX001(to LZ)Spinal Cord Diseases Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province,No.2024JSKFKT-16(to BG)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,No.2024NSFSC1646(to XL)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Nos.GZC20231811(to XL),2024T170601(to XL)and 2024M76228(to XL).
文摘Neural stem cells(NSCs)have the potential for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation,and their transplantation has achieved good efficacy in a variety of diseases.However,only 1%-10%of transplanted NSCs survive in the ischemic and hypoxic microenvironment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.^(Sox2)is an important factor for NSCs to maintain proliferation.Therefore,^(Sox2)-overexpressing NSCs(NSC^(Sox2))may be more successful in improving neurological dysfunction after posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.In this study,human NSC^(Sox2)was transplanted into a posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus mouse model,and retinoic acid was administered to further promote NSC differentiation.The results showed that NSC^(Sox2)attenuated the ventricular enlargement caused by posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and improved neurological function.NSC^(Sox2)also promoted nerve regeneration,inhibited neuroinflammation and promoted M2 polarization(anti-inflammatory phenotype),thereby reducing cerebrospinal fluid secretion in choroid plexus.These findings suggest that NSC^(Sox2)rescued ventricular enlargement and neurological dysfunction induced by posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus through neural regeneration and modulation of inflammation.
基金supported by the Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Youth Project(2021111)the Technology Innovation Joint Funding Project(2023Y9289)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82401643).
文摘Dear Editor,Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that poses a significant threat to human health,with its primary manifestations including social disability,impairments in verbal and non-verbal communication,and the presence of narrow interests along with stereotypical repetitive behaviors.Recent research has shown that the Sox5 transcription factor plays a significant role in the axonal projection,migration,localization,and communication of newly generated neurons[1].Defects in the Sox5 gene are known to increase the risk of autism.A clinical study on 16 patients with Sox5 gene defects found that Sox5 haploinsufficiency is closely linked to key traits like developmental delay,language delay,behavioral problems,and minor deformities such as a protruding forehead and a wide,flat nasal bridge[2].
文摘有性生殖是多细胞动物物种繁衍的普遍方式。本研究以大型淡水贝类中国圆田螺(Cipangopaludina chinensis)为例,从全基因组层面鉴定与中国圆田螺性别分化相关的Dmrt(double-sex and mab-3 relatated transcription factor)、Sox(sry-related high mobility group box)和Wnt(wingless-type mmtv integration site family)基因家族并分析其特点、演化及在性腺中的表达模式。结果显示中国圆田螺CchDmrt、CchSox和CchWnt基因家族分别含有3个、5个和10个成员,主要分布于2号、3号、5号、7号和9号染色体上。选取腹足纲代表性物种构建系统进化树,结果显示Dmrt、Sox和Wnt各亚家族分布聚类在一起,其中中国圆田螺与铜锈环棱螺(Bellamya aeruginosa)亲缘关系最近。3个基因家族中,CchSox10、CchWnt5和CchWnt7受到正选择作用,相对进化速率较快。三维结构分析显示CchDmrt和CchWnt基因家族编码的蛋白质较为保守,而CchSox基因家族编码的蛋白质之间则存在一定差异性,提示其存在功能差异。雌雄性腺转录组表达分析显示,CchSox5、CchWnt2和CchWnt16在精巢中的表达量高于卵巢的,并形成差异表达基因,而CchDmrt4、CchSox2、CchSox10、CchSox12和CchFoxl2基因则相反,说明不同家族成员在性腺发育中的作用不同。选取差异表达基因进行实时定量PCR(real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)验证,结果与转录组结果一致。本研究鉴定了中国圆田螺Dmrt、Sox和Wnt等性别决定相关基因,为其功能研究和中国圆田螺遗传育种研究提供基础资料。
